Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies

The Islamic nation was and still depended to milder deals with all deferent life sides. It belived that way is the best in all the times during back to prophet Mohamed(G.B .Hg) style. he Is the first teacher. He was push the nation ti milder with life sides. The time of khilafa the prince of Islam Ali Ben abo taleb came many problems between he muslims for example the request of Alsham one the leaders ship moaya bin Abo Sofiyan to get Pumishncent from the killers of khalif Qthman ben Affan That thing malce some of muslims give up to khalifo Ail Ben abo taleb and that they have condition they haven come in on affed the punish the killers. That thing to been big Problwmg it was facing between tawo groups of muslims Ali Ben abo taleb for side and muslims in Shaam from other side Second The prince Ali have treal the Khavrigites problem all that happens effecteel to muslims Life the nation almost Stopped in that time . but the personal of Ali Ben abo taleb helped to dispand that problem and kept the Islamic nation .All that things impacted to muslims life .many studies discussed that historical and scientific .but some was exteeme at the fist was orientalists studies that tried to get from the Islamic nation and the greatest leders example the price Ali ben abo Taleb .for all the past reusons it was caused for writing the reaserch (the sermon and wisdom eyesight Imam Ali )to Judge and authority and deals with his cude that depended to the scientific foundation that depending analysis and milder an reading and understanding the occurres and khow the fact to be go away the extreme that carring bad ideas aginst Arabic Islamic ciliziton and the history of the leaders .

This research aims to study the concept of dissent in the Arabic grammar, because there is a match in the use of texts between scholars of jurisprudence, and Arabic grammar scholars, and the scientific effect is great in this concept, due to its reliance on the tools of reason and the foundations of thought, and scientists have discovered that this concept must From a habitat in which he is active, and they concluded that he lacks operative language, there is no contradictory concept except that it was preceded by a spoken operative.
This concept is originally attributed to the science of semantics, because semantics carries the concepts of conformity and dissent, and grammarians have their texts governed by semantics, so if the grammatical rule has a rule in one of the syntactic parts of the grammar, that situation requires a concept that explains the content of that rule, and at the same time shows what contradicts Other entries that do not belong to it
The study came in two topics: the first topic dealt with: rooting the concept of dissent in the thought of scholars, while the second topic studied: the concept of dissent in the grammatical application

The relationship between Turkish and Mongolian began during the Altay Language Association period. Altay Association of Language Theory, Turkish, Mongolian, Manchu-Tungusic, Korean and Japanese language is a theory which advocates that came from a common source. Altay languages between voice and a number of structures are common features in terms of syntax. Among the languages included in this group, the closest one to Turkish is Mongolian. Turkish and Mongols lived side by side and sometimes intertwined for a long time. So in many ways the two nations have influenced each other. The main signs of this interaction are the mutual borrowing of words between the two languages in the field of language.
In this study, the words of Mongolian in Iraqi Turkmen Turkish were collected and searched for, Uygur,Karahan, Khwarezm, Chagatai and Kipchak Turkish court has tried to determine, then compared with the shapes of Mongolian has tried to explain the meaning or shape between them.

Keywords: Iraqi Turkmen Turkish, Mongolian words, dalda, nuḫta.

Literature and folklore often depict abnormal, sadistic men who develop psychological complexes that ruin their marital relations. The jealous homicidal Shahrayar, the main character in The Arabian Nights, who murders his wives on the eve of their wedding nights, often figures in fairy tales, plays, and stories that explore the war between the sexes. William Shakespeare’s Othello and the folktales of Bluebeard and his bloody chamber are notable examples and they have been a source of anxiety for women because of the murderous spouse. These works emphasise the marginal status of women and their suffering from persecution in patriarchal communities. This research deals with Daphne du Maurier’s Rebecca, focusing on the figure of the homicidal husband and his difference from his traditional eastern counterpart, Shahrayar. It also sheds light on the experience of the Schehrazade-like protagonist and her role in curing her husband of his traumatic memories.
Keywords: Rebecca, Shahrayar, homicidal, femicide, patriarchal, Schehrazade

The Arabic Language is an elegant and delicate Language.If adiacritic changes,it often changes the whole meaning.However,the diacritics did not receive deep studies that show their exits,characteristics and functions like the attention that paid to the letters in the studies because it is considered that the diacritic belong to the letter rather than independent ones to modify the meaning and customize it,so we decided to highlight the diacritics and show their importance and functions in the Language . The diacritics play an important role in changing the meaning .It is noticeable that this change between the short diacritics in the word is not trivial in determining the meaning of the word than the change of letters and their order but they differ in one diacritic.This difference is due to the difference of significance of the lexicological meaning of the single article .Hence ,the importance of this study is in it quest to clarify the real effect of the diacritics in the sementic aspect of linguistic studies.

Despite the fact that Ibn Hisham is well-known in the domain of syntax, yet when it comes his work Explanation of Bänet Su’äd, he emerges as a knowledgeable linguistic critic. This exceptional tendency gets crystalized in his citations of the scholars of linguistics, his investigations of lexical phenomena like synonymy, polysemy, and lexical derivation. Additionally, in his linguistic interpretations, Ibn Hisham has not only approached vocabulary semantically but syntactically as well. Ibn Hisham , in this approach, was only implementing a criterion that he had set in his work Al-Mughni as he found it necessary when parsing to deal with a lexicon both individually and in chunks
The present study is an attempt to sketch out the integrated scientific personality of Ibn Hisham as a linguistic critic with specific reference to his Explanation of Bänet Su’äd. In this work, he perspicuously behaved as a professional critic via his reliance on the Arabic dictionaries in general and Al-Ṣihäh of Al-JawharY in particular. Nonetheless, even though Ibn Hisham used to heavily rely on Al-Ṣihäh as a reference, he never hesitated to attack its compiler, Al-Jawhary the distinctive linguist, when his ideas were not agreement to Ibn Hisham. Ibn Hisham embraced such rigorous views that he despised any dissimilar ideas; thus, he criticized Al-Jawhary severely. His critiques were sometimes of subjective sense and sometimes quite objective.

The Binary oppositions of philosophical detectives that study a feature of existence, a reflection of cosmic phenomena, and poetry offers a vision of life and existence, it carries in its soul their characteristics. If the Binary is one of the most prominent characteristics of existence, it will be in an advanced position of poetic experience, and the opposite binary is an inherent process in poetic creativity, because poetry carries in essence the characteristic of the opposite that the poet seeks to create "tension" and "gap", and makes the text a creative work that shakes and achieves An aesthetic feeling that establishes an intellectual vision. Perhaps it is this use that achieves the poetry and beauty of the text. The opposite binaries emerged in the poetry of Ibn Hania al-Andalusi, and his poems were colored various forms of these binaries and so on as a result of the dialectic of the poet in his thinking, his thinking is based on taking into account the opposite in most matters and the most prominent binaries in his poetry are: dual ego - the other, the duality of love and war, and The duality of life and death, and the duality of extremism in praise and vilification, ibn Hania used in his poetry the dualities through the mechanism of tabaq and the rhetorical mokabla, a mechanism that indicates his immersion in the exquisite improvements influenced by what was produced by the poets of the Orient, especially Abi Tammam al-Taie

The research deals with the study of the most prominent stylistic stimuli in Surat Al-Jinn specifically as influenced and led the intentional connotations in the Sura , and these alerts varied according to the requirements of the context, as they were distributed to the introduction and three topics, including the first topic (stylistic synthetic alerts) where language phenomena were addressed from the structure The Qur'anic singularity and the end of the sentence and the text as a whole, with emphasis on linguistic phenomena that constituted a stylistic orientation, such as pronouns, exaggeration, presentation, delay, connection and separation, and methods of request construction and others, while the second topic was focused on Hat stylistics FAQ) concerning the methods of science statement within the understanding of its stylistic
These stylistic alerts worked on creating images and synthesizing their meanings according to the context of the case and building the intent. Several methods including: (contrast, repetition, comma and others

The effectiveness of the ideological dimension (leftist) in the Arabic and Kurdish poetry from 1930 to 1950) comparative study
The importance of this research is to deal with the ideological tendencies that prevailed in the 1920s. These were the result of the social, political, social and cultural changes that clearly reflected the philosophy of the idea among writers and poets. They employed the conflict factor philosophically and adopted their principles. In the construction of their poetic style, from the guidance of their poetic speeches to the segments of society from the question of feudalism and the oppressed and oppressed classes to liberation and emancipation and to the cause of women, to play the role of awareness and mobilization and can confidently say that these poets have formed a new life in the The poetry of the Arab and the Kordi and those who read their poetry can meet with lengthy poems about the themes of liberation, the right of the people to self-determination, struggle and the hard worker, and the oppressed women

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Abstract:
The penal condition is claws of modernist conditions in wringing positioning and derives penal conduits from French positivist law The kind of penal conditions are different depending the contract which be monetarist compensating or nonmonetary compensate or depending on place contra or kind atonements The scientist are disagree in adjudging of penal condition and opinion betoken to guide from Quean and (sauna) in adding to penal condition

Abstract
After studying this issue of agricultural land in Islamic law and comparing it with the Iraqi law that he talked about in some legal articles, and comparison between them he found that the designations differ between the Sharia and Iraqi law, which did not include those designations in the first place except for some partial designations, as well as some agreed to take the fee from The farmers who meet this in Islamic law is the abscess, which considers that the land does not belong to those who grow it. The researcher reached some results, including: Islamic law divided the agricultural lands into outlying and decimal lands, and they have their own types found in the folds of the research. Feudal lands were also included under these names, and they were not a separate section comparable to these two sections, because they are considered the state of the neighborhoods, which is one of the reasons for owning the land and they have their own provisions and are within the decimal land. The princely lands were also included under these two sections as well as the lands of the feudal lands, whereby the imam may pay the princely land for cultivation, either by establishing them as the landlords in agriculture and giving the abscess, or leasing it to farmers as much as the abscess, and may fall under the name of the abscessed lands.

Abstract

The Islamic Sharia and Positive was given special importance to women at all times as a half of the society and an important part of its first nucleus, which is the family. However, it stressed its protection in times of armed conflict, because it is the weak party. This vulnerability is exploited in the absence of the breadwinner and the law at the same time. The protection of civilians in general and women in particular during armed conflicts so the law has addressed this protection and followed the approach of legislation and international conventions That come after it, and this is what we will discuss in this research to show how the protection provided by Islamic law for women during wars and how to address These laws protect.

Summary:
All Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah, and on his family and companions and his followings.
Our scholars have collected the traditions (ahaadeeth) in special works, in which they were said to be abrogated. They called these books as "abrogating and abrogated of the hadiths".
And they take care to collect these traditions without criticizing it and without statement authenticity of hadiths from its weak. And they did not apply the fundamental rules and provisions for raising the discrepancy between the texts, and they left for the specialists distinguish and investigate the validity of the abrogation or not.
Among these hadeeths, what is mentioned in wudoo 'after doing ghusl, and they considered it within the circle of abrogation, and because of this, the Jurists differed regarding the ruling on doing wudoo 'after doing ghusl on different sayings.
In this study, we verify in all of the hadeeths are proven in this regard, and then we explain whether these hadiths are included within the circle of contradiction (conflict) or not. If we say contradictory, is it correct to resort to transcription or other methods for rising this? And then how is being the jurisprudential opinion after the pushing of this conflict ..
We have shown four Juristic Issues which:
- Ruling on doing ablution before ghusl. Ablution after ghusl.-Submitting of ghusl the legs and delaying them. - Sufficiency of ghusl without ablution.
After mentioning the views of the jurists and their evidencewe took out the most correct in every issue using rules and fundamentalist basics ...
Ask God for help in all of this, and my success is not but through Allah. Upon him I have relied, and to Him I return...

This study deals with the covenants of peace concluded by the Muslims with the inhabitants of the Euphrates region, who are mostly Christians, and the provisions of these covenants that showed the nature of the dealings between the two parties, and these covenants talk about the financial and social obligations of the Christians under the administration of the Arab Islamic state. To other times in some cases according to the circumstances of the people of the country, as I dealt with the Islamic legislation in the provisions of the peace covenants, the administration and disposal of the lands of the people of peace and the binding duties of the two parties, as well as the texts of the covenants of peace Solh on the linguists, the Islamic legislation for the lands of peace, and the covenants of peace for the lands of the Euphrates during the reign of the two caliphs Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq and Omar bin Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with them both).

Abstract
The findings of the study related to the parties that formed the axes of the topic and the nature of the relationship between them. Al-Ayyareen and Al-Shuttar (the clever) tried to express, in one way or another, their political role by taking on various appearances and activities despite the circumstances they faced, and that their first organization appeared headed by Ibn al-Rasuli, Al-Khabaz , who wrote a book in the fatwa, and it became clear that these movements were a reaction to what they suffered from extreme misery, which forced them to acts of theft and looting.
As for the actions they practiced against the authority, a number of organizations emerged that challenged the authority and the policy of violence and cruelty that the Seljuks pursued with the common people had a clear impact on the weakness of Al-Ayyareen and Al-Shuttar, and the injustice of the Bickering in Baghdad increased on Al-Ayyareen and Al-Shuttar the cleavers and other groups of society by imposing taxes On them, the movement of Al-Ayyareen and al-Shuttar reached its peak since the early succession of al-Muqtafi li Amrullah the Abbasid and the reign of the Seljuk Sultan Masoud bin Malakshah, so Ibn Bakran al-Ayyar appeared in Baghdad and Iraq and his followers multiplied, and they were exploiting the state of security turmoil in Baghdad and carrying out acts of banditry and plundering. The young groups system adopted by the Caliph Al-Nasser Li Din Allah is intended to infuse a new spirit in the hearts of youth and leaders in order to free themselves from corruption and defend the caliphate that was supporting them.
Key words: Ibn Al-Rasuli, Ibn Bakran Al-Ayyar, The young groups system, Al-Ayyareen and Al-Shuttar.

Extract :-
The study examined, by research and analysis, the morphometrics of the drainage basin of Wadi Al-Otaib, south of the city of Shendi, Nile River State (Sudan), using GIS techniques and remote sensing, to study the most important morphometric characteristics that characterize the valley basin, such as the drainage network, its related measurements, the shape of the basin and its effect on The amount of water drained from it, the topographic characteristics of the basin and the extent of its impact on the runoff. The study relied on an aerial image showing the drainage valley basin taken from the American Land Sat satellite with an accuracy of thirty meters.
The morphometric study of the valley showed the importance of morphometric characteristics in determining the shape of the valley, whose modulus was about (0.28), indicating the regularity of the general shape of the valley, which reached an area of about (2462 square kilometers), and the density of drainage in it (1.4 km / km2). The percentage of bifurcation in the valley (3.5), in additi to other characteristics that contribute to providing a clear vision of how studies based on these facts can be developed in the valley's development, and the use of its water according to the results of this study.
The study recommended deepening and developing concepts of integrated and sustainable development of the systems of these valleys, in order to allow greater opportunity to benefit from their wasted water revenues, by developing action plans and strategies to improve water resources and manage them in these valleys.

Abstract:
This paper aims at studying intolerance and its relation with moral intelligence in general according to the variable of gender (males and females) at the students of the collage of Education for humanities and the collage of Education for pure sciences. To achieve the goals of the paper, two scales have been prepared by the researcher, the first for intolerance and the second for moral intelligence. After calculation the psychometric characteristics for the scale (validity, reliability and discrimination power) which have been applied on the sample of research that have been chosen randomly from the collage of Education for human sciences and the collage of Education for pure sciences/ Kirkuk University. The sample has reached at (192) male and female students distributed at (8) departments. Four of those departments are the departments of human sciences and the other four are the departments of pure sciences. The statistical tools have been used (relative weight, T value for one sample and two independent and person correlation coefficient).
The researcher has reached at the following:-
1- The students of the collage of Education for humanities.

The aim of this research is to measure the moral anxiety among university students. The researcher built a measure to measure moral anxiety by identifying (12) components and a number of items based on the weight of the components from the point of view of a number of arbitrators and experts. The researcher extracted the psychometric characteristics of the items as they extracted the parameters of the items of the scale as well as the parameters of the correlation of the items with the total score, after applying the scale to the sample of discrimination that reached (481) students and after extracting the psychometric characteristics of the items.
(11) Items were deleted and (50) items were retained in the scale as finalized. Then, the researcher extracted the psychometric properties of the scale as it extracted the sincerity in two ways, the virtual honesty and the structural validity of the scale. It consisted of (300) male and female students in order to know the level of moral anxiety among students and to know the difference between their responses according to sex and specialization variables.
1 - In general, university students have a moral concern.
2 – The results show non-significant differences between the responses of students on the moral anxiety scale based on gender.
3 - The results show non-significant differences between the responses of students on the moral anxiety scale based on students specialization.
At the end of the study, the researcher made a number of recommendations and suggestions to benefit from the results of the research and work on further research in the future regarding the term of moral anxiety in other samples and segments of society.

- The purpose of the research is to identify the following:
The relationship between the length and level of skill performance of some long-distance movements on the parallel machine in the players of the Iraqi national team applying for the GNP.
The relationship between the weight and the level of skill performance of some of the long-distance movements on the parallel machine in the players of the Iraqi national team applying to the GNP.
- The researcher assumed the following:
The existence of a significant relationship between the length and level of skill performance of some of the long-distance movements on the parallel device in the players of the Iraqi national team applicants in the Gemnastic.
The existence of a significant relationship between the weight and the level of skill performance of some of the long-distance movements on the parallel device in the Iraqi national team players applying to the Gnmastic.
The researcher concluded:
There is no significant correlation between the length and the level of skill performance of some of the long-distance movements on the parallel machine in the players of the Iraqi national team applying for the GNP.
The absence of a significant correlation between weight and the level of skill performance of some of the long-distance movements on the parallel device in the Iraqi national team players applying for the GNP.

Abstract
There is a strong connection between the health situation of individuals within a community and the development of the community as a whole. A person’s health cannot be considered a segregated issue, but an integrated one, and includes the overall health of the individual with both negative and positive impacts on the individual’s activities. Health can, therefore, be considered as a crucial aspect of an entire community’s development. There have been many studies done on political situations and the role humankind has played with respect to its achievements in both politics and wars. However, thus far, no research has been done about the health situation as it pertains to the citizens of a place. In Kirkuk, for instance, there is no doubt that while these studies are important, an equally important aspect to be considered is the health situation of the citizenry as this is directly related to the lives of the people and cannot be neglected.
The subject of “The Health Situation in Kirkuk in the Period (1921-1945)” - the name of this thesis - stems from the perspective that the health situation of the people in Kirkuk flourished after end of the Ottoman empire to the end World War II compared to the period just before it. This thesis is based on research methods applied in historical studies and is divided into two sections. The first section addresses the health situations in Kirkuk Liwa during Ottoman empire. In second section we have stated the health situation in Kirkuk between (1921-1945) in the time of the British occupation and the royal government and the government’s attempts to enhance the health situation in Iraq generally and in Kirkuk specifically.
In conclusion, the health situation in Kirkuk Liwa during Ottoman empire was extremely bad, however, a new period of health service enhancement in quantity and quality started after British occupation to Kirkuk and continued until the start of World War II. Regardless of this enhancement and the flourishing of health institutions, it was clear that these improvements did not reach the level of population growth thus it was unable to provide health services to Kirkuk citizens at required level.

This research deals with the classification of a morphological unit in accordance with some rules of universal grammar. It focuses on types compound nouns according to the morphological and syntactic analysis through which two types of compound nouns have been identified depending on the existence of the head in compound noun. These two types of compound nouns are: Endocentric and Exocentric. Moreover, the compound noun has been identified based on the existence of the head at beginning or end of the compound noun and according to the syntactic analysis four types of compound nouns have been id

This study which is entitled “The Principle and Elements of School Dictionaries” tackles the principles, methods and general guidelines of school dictionaries. It is an attempt to guide the people who want to compose the school dictionaries. Actually dictionary is regarded as educational and pedagogical necessity and it is a way for getting the information about the vocabularies, explicating the ambiguous terms and analyzing various meanings of polysemous words.
There scarcely exist any books, researches, and articles to be beneficial for the field of lexicography and various levels of schools. If there is any, they have not been categorized according to the levels of education. Thus, these dictionaries can be used by all the students of various levels of education which is a great mistake because it is impossible to the dictionaries to disregard the students’ level. This study is expected to solve these issues and it is divided into two parts: The first part is devoted to the main principles and methods of the school dictionaries, and the second part sheds light on the main guidelines required for composing the dictionaries. The study ends with the conclusions, reference list and two abstracts; one in Arabic and the other in Kurdish.

Abstract:
This study is entitled ‘Symbol in Mufti Penjweni’s Poems’. Poetic symbol is an indirect reference that familiarises reader to the hidden meanings. Symbol has not been away from life developments, but it has taken a wide area of life. Mufti Penjweni very efficiently used symbol in his poetic text for various purposes and reasons to express his deep-rooted feelings.
The cause of selecting this subject refers to both the importance of symbol by the poets in ther using and analyzing and opening the codes by the readers, the poet ( mufti penjweni) was one of the poets that has singnificance role in using the symbols, but until now there hasn´t been cmy research on this subject i his poens - thus, it is necessary to shed light on this subject.
The aim of this research exhibts and analyzes symbols that ( mufti penjweni ) used in his poetic texts. To reach this aim, we adopt analytic description.
The study consists of two sections and introduction, in which the first section includes an overview of symbol and poetic symbol sources in Mufti Penjweni’s poetic texts.
In the second section, symbol types (subject and object) are referred to in the poetic texts of Mufti penjweni.
In the conclusion, the summary of the results, the references and the abstract of the study in Kurdish, Arabic and English are illustrated.

Abstract
The translation of technical terminology from the source language to the target language is one of the key methods to generate new terms, especially after the revolutionary of various sciences that have overshadowed human communications in various fields. In the light of this background, the current research, which is entitled The Standards of Translating of Technical Terminology in the Kurdish Language, attempts to shed light on such standards. To follow these standards is not an optional procedure as there are certain necessary the conditions and principles to consider when creating a new technical term. Problems resulted from the translation of technical terminology is an inevitable matter. The problems may be linguistic or non-linguistic. Therefore a translator should be aware of such problems and how to approach them.
The study is in two parts. Part One is an introduction to the stages of the development of technical terminology in the Kurdish language, and the generation of the term and translation. Next, it deals with the relationship between technical terminology and the science of translation.
The second part deals with the sources of problems and errors in the translation of the technical terminology, including the non-linguistic problems that are attributed to differences in cultures, religions, language families and geographical location of each language. The linguistic problems are divided into four levels: phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Then, the researcher touches upon the essential scientific criteria that should be considered by translators within the scientific framework of terminology and translation. Additionally, the translation of foreign terminology is investigated showing how to translate a technical term from a foreign language into Kurdish. The study ends with a number of findings that it has arrived at.

ABSTRACT

The reflection of body language and its compatibility in the Koran and the Kurdish community
Shelan Othman abdulrahman
Salahddin University- Basic education-
Shelan.abdulrahman@su.edu.krd

The silent language has a great place in the communication, and the scientists believe that it consists of two thirds 2/3 of human relations, and the body language has taken a lot in this language.
(The reflection of body language and its compatibility in the Koran and the Kurdish society) ; the title of our study, the purpose of (reflection) the repetition of body language and (Consensus) in the sense of equality and similar phenomenon between the Koran and the Kurdish community. The basic material in this study is the verses of the Holy Quran, which is the heavenly book that was revealed for more than 14 centuries. However, this is where the beginning of human creation began. In this study, it tries to respond to the following questions. Why do the same subject and the same phenomenon recur in Kurdish society? Is the society affected by the Koran or are these movements a psychological state repeated in the human at any time, any circumstances, any place and any community? Did the Koran have body movements related to heritage?
This study consists of two sections; the first one consists of three demands. The first demand explains the concept of silent language and the body language while the second requirement is the geography of body language in the human brain. The second topic consists of two demands; the first demand shows that the types of body movements, in the second demand, the effect and reflection of body language between the Qur'an and the Kurdish society.