Journal of Kirkuk University Humanity Studies

Abstract
Mushafe\'s drawing between the meaning and the context / A study is in a base of the increase, Allowance, (AL-hamze), and (Link and cutting).

This research talks about the meanings which refers to it the Mushaf\'s drawing basing about the general meaning and context.
This reserch has four chapters are the base of increase the base of the Allwance, the base of the (AL-hamze) and the base of the (Link and cutting).
This study was selective for some the words in the Quraan\'s verses to applying the study about it.

Absctrat:
Opposite dualities is a philosophical phenomenon that is a reflection of the manifestations of the universe; As well as to express the human soul, which is characterized by volatility and conflict, this culture arises according to two contradictory feelings that awaken the feeling within the human soul that one of these two feelings is the one who invests the cognition system in consciousness, while the second remains in the unconscious.
Opposite dualities have many functions in the literary text, including: the dramatic function that helps in the development and development of the event, as well as the imaginary function, and what it achieves by raising eyebrows and irony; The result of a meeting of opposites.
This study attempts to highlight the opposite dualities in the novel (Professors of Illusion) by the novelist Ali Badr, and how they helped in building and developing the event.
The research focused on two opposite binary: the ego and the other, life and death; Because they are the most prominent in this novel.


Keywords: Friendly binaries, cultural approach, illusion teachers, Ali Badr.

The present study deals with (Confirmed Present Verb by Lam al Qsam in AL-Araf Surha (Grammatik and - Semantic Stady),
the study consists of an introduction, summary ,two sections and conclusion. introduction deals with view research , summary speak about confirmed ,lam al- qasam, and al-araf surah, the first section deals with of all present verbs which consist of (lam al - qasam)the verb is present and interrogative nun condition phrase,
. the second section deals with the deals with of all present verbs which consist of (lam al - qasam)the verb is present and negative nun condition phrase, the semantic study showed that this word used metaphorically and the study end with conclusion some The idea of this study is based on the analysis of all present verbs which consist of (lam al - qasam)

The research is based on studying the complaint in the poetry of Fityan AlChagoury , an objective critical study. It shows the self and human side of his poetry; Because the complaint is a literary phenomenon present in his poetry that expresses his psychological state and his social reality by broadcasting his suffering, his nation\'s and his pain in human feelings; It reveals the delicacy of his sense and his deep experience, in the significance of the complaint in stirring up emotions and sensations with a structure that goes beyond the lexical connotation to objective, subjective and social connotations that depict his vision of reality and what it contains - sensory and moral - of deprivation and injustice that produced despair and oppression; The complaint for him manifested itself in four axes - the complaint about the separation of the brothers and companions, the poverty , the calamities of time and its consequences, and the rulers and deputies through a fully-fledged poetic experiment.

Abstract:
The importance of the research lies in the realization of a small valuable scientific thesis in a sentence of verses from the Holy Qur’an, concerning the exception and dealing with its fluctuations, conditions and opinions that have been said about it, and the changes that occur to it, and detailing it with purposeful examples. It is no secret that understanding the particles of exception has special distinction in the Arabic sentence; Because it relates to understanding and perception, and its link in interpretation.

Summary:
The transmission of infectious diseases through marriage is one of the most serious problems facing people today. As a result of the lack of religious faith among many people, as some of them intend to transmit these infectious diseases to others through marriage, which causes the families to be destroyed while they do not feel, or by hiding the fiancé or fiancée from the other party carrying the contagious disease, so this research came to show the seriousness of this The matter, and an explanation of the jurisprudential rulings resulting from the transmission of infectious diseases through marriage, so this research consisted of an introduction and two studies, in which we dealt with the definition of infectious diseases and a statement of some of the jurisprudential rulings resulting from the transmission of infectious diseases through marriage, such as the ruling on marriage with a contagious disease from a healthy person, and the ruling on pregnancy and childbearing In the event that one or both spouses are infected, and the ruling on separation between spouses is due to the presence of an infectious disease, then we concluded the research with a conclusion that included the most important results that we reached and the recommendations that we proposed

The Importance of the Islamic Creed: The importance of the Islamic faith appears through many things, including the following:
1- 1-That our need for this belief is above all our need, and our necessity for it is above all necessity? Because there is no happiness in the hearts, no bliss, and no pleasure except by worshiping Her Lord and His God Almighty breaks.
2 – 2-That the Islamic faith is the greatest and most affirmative duty; So it is the first thing people are asking for
3-That the Islamic faith is the only creed that achieves security, stability, happiness and pleasure.
The Islamic faith is the cause of empowerment on earth.4-
Sheikh Professor Abdul-Ghani Al-Nabulsi (may God have mercy on him) grew up in a house of knowledge and religion, and his father was a scientist, and he left in it the love of reading and memorizing the Holy Qur’an, and the study of Islamic and linguistic sciences, so he studied jurisprudence, principles, hadith, interpretation, Arabic and the statutes, literature, statement, poetry and others From forensic science.
And his book (The Candidates of the Pen, Explaining Kifaya al-Ghulam, Explaining the Sufficiency of the Ghulam) was widely accepted because of its comprehensive meanings for the science of belief, and his approach was followed by that of the rabbinic scholars from among the great scholars of the faith and his masters.
The book was distinguished by the accurate start of the science of belief, as it made the doctrinal investigations start from the word of Shahada, which is (I bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is the Messenger of God).
The importance of the book also appears from the stature of its author, as he and his books have received praise from scholars for him and his name is popular in countries, and Muslims have accepted him and her for them.
And that the one who examines his propositions, systems and divisions finds leadership in this science, and his ability to write in the science of the Islamic faith

Abstract:
The emergence of the green economy is a response to an urgent environmental crisis, resulting from the pollution that has overwhelmed our environment with its various classifications: land, sea, and air. Since Islamic Sharia is valid for every time and place, according to our belief, we Muslims had to find in the texts of the Noble Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet what strengthens and supports the preservation of the environment in any form, including the green economy, so we tried in this research to show the foundations, goals, and objectives on which the green economy is based, enlightened by the Quranic verses and prophetic hadiths that support work in this direction, and the research was divided into two chapters, which were dealt with in the topic The first is the concept of the green economy, its goals, challenges, and the texts contained therein, while the second chapter deals with successful experiences in this field, and the possibility of shifting towards a green economy.

Then the research concluded with the most important results and recommendations

Research Summary
The political commonalities are the political constants and rules that the infallible revelation came about - the Holy Quran - and applied by the Messenger before the migration in the conditions of the vulnerability of Muslims and the power of the infidels of Quraish. Legitimacy does not depart from it in any way, such as: (the relationship with God, the universe and human beings, governance and legislation for God alone, the existence of the Leading Messenger and his successors, and the existence of ruling values). As for the political differences, they are the political issues and rules by which the Quranic verses were revealed in a phased manner that suits the time of their revelation and did not remain the same, rather they changed in a way that suits the lived reality and in a way that suits the balance of power and the interest of the Muslim community. By force - and the situation changed after immigration to permission to fight, then the command and urging to fight, and we called it and such a lot of variables and differences: (jihad and fighting, receiving power and actual authority, concluding treaties and agreements with non-Muslims, calling nations and kings), and these political differences can be taken advantage of. By choosing the case and the legal ruling that suits the situation of the Muslim community in the country in which they live.

This research is regarded a new attempt in reference to the method of division in the Quran . The commentators consider it as a tool of explanation , but it did not receive a single study that clarifies its features and it points to practical models that proves the use of this method by commentators . This division is has a trace in the way of clarifying the scientific material contained in the Uranic text and showing its branch s . what the researcher \'s Carrick out is the collecting what have said provision in terms of concept , style and approach that was adopted by the commentators in their use of the Quranic text with the practical examples of this style . The yesearch conclude the importance of this method and the necessity of using it in the means of explanation for studying Quran and a method added to the commentators\' method.

Abstract: The current research aimed to identify the level of psychological fitness and the statistically significant differences of psychological fitness according to the gender variable, the academic achievement motivation, the significant differences for the motivation for academic achievement according to the gender variable, and the relationship between psychological fitness and the academic achievement motive, the research sample consisted of (300) students And one of the university students from both sexes. As for the two research tools, the researcher built two scales to measure psychological fitness and academic achievement motivation. Each scale consisted of (40) paragraphs. The validity, consistency and distinction of both scales were verified. After processing the data statistically using the Statistical Package Program (SPSS), the following results were shown:
-University students enjoy a good level in both variables (psychological fitness and academic achievement motivation).
- There are statistically significant differences between males and females in psychological fitness and the motivation for academic achievement in favor of females.
-There is a positive correlation between psychological fitness and academ ic achievement motivation.

Research Summary:
- The study aimed to answer the following questions: Are the students\' learning patterns similar in e-learning in the various stages of education and the various scientific specializations at the university level? Do the students ’answers to the questionnaire prepared by the researcher coincide with the hypothetical answer to the questionnaire, and is there a relationship between students’ learning styles and e-learning? Therefore, the researcher used a five-year questionnaire from the researcher\'s construction to reveal the goal of the research and applied it to a sample of (1172) students in different stages and departments, and after analyzing the results, it was found that there was a discrepancy in the students ’answers towards a questionnaire, which confirms the diversity of the learning styles used by the student in learning as well The presence of statistically significant hypotheses in favor of the research sample, as well as the weakness of the relationship between learning styles and e-learning methods. Based on the above, the researcher recommends a set of recommendations, including the availability of additional supportive channels at university sites to improve learning and create technological familiarity between learners on the one hand and with teachers on the other hand.

ABSTRACT
The current research aimed to identify the extent to which the content of the book Islamic Education for the third grade intermediate achieved the modern standards from the point of view of the teachers.
The research sample consisted of (23) teachers and schools for the academic year (2017-2018). They were randomly selected from an unspecified number of schools from the secondary schools of Mosul city with 13 teachers and 10 schools.
In order to achieve the objective of the research, the researcher prepared a measure consisting of (25) paragraphs three alternatives, and after the presentation of the scale to a panel of arbitrators to ascertain the validity of the researcher verified the validity and stability, then applied the scale to the members of the research sample, and after collecting data and statistical analysis reached the following results :
1- There is a difference in determining the level of evaluation of the book of Islamic education standards, but most of them were achieved in general.
2 - convergence of the point of view of members of the research sample of males and females at the level of difficulties in teaching Islamic education from the point of view of teachers of the material and its teachers in the intermediate stage.
3 There are no statistically significant differences between the specific evaluation areas according to the gender variable (male - female)
The researcher recommended the following:
1- Emphasizing the necessity to include the content of Islamic education subject to new and updated concepts that facilitate students\\' understanding of some topics in a way that suits the age stage.
2- Preparing a teacher\\'s guide that includes teaching ideas and methods that facilitate the teacher to present the subject in a variety of ways.
3- Preparing training courses for teachers continuously to ensure the achievement of educational and teaching competence.

The Turks constitute the largest foreign community in Germany, as their population exceeds three and a half million people. This is important due to the passing of time as they obtained German citizenship, with a number, according to the latest statistics, that reached about one million two hundred and fifty thousand, where they enjoy their social, cultural, economic and political rights as first-class citizens.
The research sheds light on the details of the political situation of Turks in Germany through three axes. The first includes the racist crimes they suffer from and the impact of such crimes on the future of Turkish society there. The second axis includes their participation in political life by voting in elections, joining parties, running for federal and local parliamentary elections, and establishing parties to express their aspirations and participation in German political decision-making. Whereas the third axis deals with Turkey\'s relationship with its citizens in Germany and its attempt to employ them to serve its interests and relations with Germany.
The importance of the research is to explore the possibility of the Turks to form a pressure group (lobby) that serves the national interests of their mother country within the framework of Turkish-German relations in an era when soft power plays an active role in regulating international relations.

Abstract
Tribal fanaticism before Islam had a great impact on the rivalry of tribes and the prevalence of fierce wars for the simplest reasons, and this was dictated to them by their tribal strife, until Islam came, which tried to change these values, linking individuals to a more comprehensive system than supporting an individual who is not distinguished in his protection, whether he is right or wrong. .
The competition for honor and leadership of the Meccan society was fierce before the advent of Islam, especially between Banu Abd al-Muttalib and Banu Makhzoum. From the wombs of Quraysh, from the state of precedence that Banu al-Muttalib achieved through the prophecy of one of its men, and the impossibility of achieving that in others, so they decided to oppose it.
The clan’s nervousness (the bellies) played a crucial role in providing protection to the Messenger Muhammad (ﷺ) as a person and even supported his views, despite the fact that most of its members remained on polytheism, which gave them strength and empowered them to defend the Prophet (ﷺ) and this is from God’s ability and wisdom until His Prophet was able to establish the principles of Islam among the sons of the Meccan society.
Abu Talib, supported by the strength of his nervousness, was able to provide protection to the Messenger Muhammad (ﷺ) and to support his words, and even threatened the Quraysh to use weapons if the matter required that, so the Quraysh did not dare him during the life of Abu Talib, who was ready to die with his people for the sake of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).

Abstract
The research also showed the official and popular Syrian position on the course of events and developments, as it supported revolutions and uprisings by holding Syrian conferences first and secondly after the establishment of the Arab League and supporting Palestinian militants with money and weapons, and announced its rejection of any division of the land of Palestine, especially the 1947 decision, and its governmental rejection reached corridors.
The United Nations and they confirmed the rejection of the 1947 committee’s proposals regarding partition, which included two projects that included dividing Palestine into two states, an Arab state and aJewish state, while the second project was known as the minority project, which stipulated the termination of the mandate and the establishment ofafederal state consisting of two parts, an Arab and a Jewish division. And they decided to provide moral and financial support to Palestine.
The government and the people of Syria have been more committee to the decisions agreed upon in the Arab League meetings and are more serious in their implementation. That is why it bore the largest part in terms of training, preparing, preparing and arming groups of volunteers.
Syria - Britain - the Palestinian issue - the partition decision - the Zionist entity.

Abstract
El Salvador, one of the Central American countries, witnessed several revolutions and uprisings, the most important of which was the 1980-1992 civil war. The importance of this event lies in the fact that it gives a clear picture of what the Salvadoran society was suffering before the outbreak of that war represented by the division of society into an influential group that possesses agricultural lands and means of production, which is the oligarchy Allied with the army, and another group that suffers from very poor economic conditions has been struggling to improve their standard of living, in addition to the army’s control of government by following the methods of rigging elections, preventing reformists and civilians from reaching power and using force and violence as a tool to maintain its control over the government, which caused exclusion. Some groups who participate in the political process, such as leftists with communist thought, so those groups resorted to methods of murder and violence in order to achieve their goal of political participation, compared to the oligarchy who formed an alliance with the army and created death squads to confront the left with the same methods of violence, and at the same time national fronts that included leftist gangs appeared. Her and coordinated her efforts together to stand up to the army, which caused a devastating war that left thousands dead and exhausted the country The intervention of the United States of America and its provision of material and military support to the Salvadoran government and the army with the aim of resisting the left and preventing them from attaining power led to prolonging the war, but after several years of killing and destruction, the two parties to the conflict realized the need for understanding to put an end to that tragedy, then complex and lengthy negotiations took place between the two sides under the supervision The United Nations ended with the signing of the Final Peace Agreement in 1992, bringing an end to a twelve-year war.

Abstract
The population increase in developing countries has led to an increase in the demand for services, especially infrastructure services, and then the need has arisen to develop this sector in a way that serves the population. On the number of residents and their spatial distribution in the city, as well as studying the need for those services according to planning standards.
The study concluded that there are shortcomings and deficits in the provision of services and their insufficiency for the population and their deviation from the approved standards and their poor distribution. The results of the study showed that the amount of water service deficit amounted to (178686550 liters / day) according to the estimates of the Water Directorate, with a scarcity rate of (61%). The study required the development of a number of solutions to address and develop this shortage in drinking water services.

Abstract:
The residential job is characterized by the fact that the area it occupies decreases as the size of the city expands and the number of its inhabitants increases, and it is weak in front of other uses, especially commercial and industrial, as it gives up its area in front of these jobs due to its inability to compete, and it is also characterized by high flexibility in movement and expansion, as the city of of Karakosh witnessed development Culturally rapidly after 2003 in the increase in population and high population growth rates, as the study dealt with two topics, the first dealing with population growth and population density, and the second examining the characteristics of housing units in the city of Karakosh, diagnosing the problems they suffer and developing appropriate solutions to them.

Abstract
This paper is entitled \'The musical and stylistic beauty of The hard-hearted invader\', a peom written by Ibrahim Ahmed. It is an attempt to illustrate the beuaty of the style and music used in the peom, and show its artistic features such as (Duplication and Narration). The poem is also full of other figures of speech, especially Metaphor and Mytonymy.
If we investigate the peom in terms of musical melody, it can be seen that the peot has used a nice melody for the peom, apart from the use of Narration and Duplication. In terms of rhythm, the peom has been written in Keshi Panjayi,

Abstract
This paper is entitled 'The musical and stylistic beauty of The hard-hearted invader', a peom written by Ibrahim Ahmed. It is an attempt to illustrate the beuaty of the style and music used in the peom, and show its artistic features such as (Duplication and Narration). The poem is also full of other figures of speech, especially Metaphor and Mytonymy.
If we investigate the peom in terms of musical melody, it can be seen that the peot has used a nice melody for the peom, apart from the use of Narration and Duplication. In terms of rhythm, the peom has been written in Keshi Panjayi,

Abstract
In Kurdish language, the verb “habun” is apolysemous word having variety of meanings and has a number of defining features. The present study entitled “The Verb “habun” meaning Existence” explores and examines the grammatical characteristics of the verb “habun” paying a special attention to the analysis of its structures, forms and tenses as well as studying of the types of subjects used with it. Through a descriptive analysis of the verb, the study concludes that it is a modal verb that does not have various forms and tenses and it is an intransitive verb. Morever, it is not acompound verb.

The element of space is one of the main elements of the novel so that its effects are very much on all other elements of the novel together with other elements that complement the artistic structure of the novel.
The place has become so important to all the novel writers that the success and beauty of the novel lies in how to use the place and narrate the events in it beautifully
In the novel that became non-artistic and unsuccessful. This study is entitled "The Place in the Novel of My Uncle Jamshid Khan...) by the novelist Bakhtiar Ali dealing with the subject of the place and its use in the novel because the novelist in this novel emphasizes the element of the place with the other elements of the novel to reach a wonderful artistic summit. This study consists of the introduction and three chapters and a result, and each chapter is divided into two branches
It consisted of a short research into the study of those reasons that led me to go into this subject.
Chapter 1: - We talked about the element of the place in general and the effects of this element in the novel and the role of the place from the novel. And the effects of the place on characters and events.
Chapter 3: - We talked about the identification of the types of place in some Western and Eastern writers and some of the Book of Kurds, and the effects of using the element of the place from a novel

The element of space is one of the main elements of the novel so that its effects are very much on all other elements of the novel together with other elements that complement the artistic structure of the novel.
The place has become so important to all the novel writers that the success and beauty of the novel lies in how to use the place and narrate the events in it beautifully
In the novel that became non-artistic and unsuccessful. This study is entitled "The Place in the Novel of My Uncle Jamshid Khan...) by the novelist Bakhtiar Ali dealing with the subject of the place and its use in the novel because the novelist in this novel emphasizes the element of the place with the other elements of the novel to reach a wonderful artistic summit. This study consists of the introduction and three chapters and a result, and each chapter is divided into two branches
It consisted of a short research into the study of those reasons that led me to go into this subject.
Chapter 1: - We talked about the element of the place in general and the effects of this element in the novel and the role of the place from the novel. And the effects of the place on characters and events.
Chapter 3: - We talked about the identification of the types of place in some Western and Eastern writers and some of the Book of Kurds, and the effects of using the element of the place from a novel

Research Summary
The research is entitled (the taboo words in the aphorisms), the research aims to reveal the forbidden phenomena in the aphorisms in the Kurdish language.
From the perspective of sociolinguistics, every language has a set of forbidden words that its users cannot be free, fluent and easy to deal with, because it is forbidden to speak them prominently and understandably, so alternative words can be used so that speakers can use them freely and easier. There are many examples of these forbidden words in the Kurdish sayings. One of the most important objectives of this research is to discover those words.
The importance of the research lies in its quest to reach the forbidden words in their historical-social context, that is to say, the search for forbidden words in the Kurdish society in their historical context, and for this it required adopting the historical research method as a basic method to reach the structure of those forbidden words, and then describing those words according to their context. historical and social.
The research is divided into two parts. In the first part of the research, we presented the concept of the term forbidden words, their definition and types. In the second section, the research dealt with the aphorisms as a sample and to display the forbidden words, where the types of forbidden words in the aphorisms were presented.