Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences)

In this paper, we introduce a method depend on dividing the transformation matrix into two parts. The first part called important coefficients represents low frequency components (smoothed image). The second part called neglected coefficients, which ignored by most of the available techniques. The neglected coefficients are responsible for high frequency components (edges image) by selecting some of these elements to get the accepted image quality. Carry the inverse discrete cosine transform on the neglected coefficients that selected to get edges image, which different from situation to another depend on number of neglected coefficients. By using chain-coding technique, edges image will coded and quantized. At receiver, whole operations that have been done in sender reverse to get the reconstructed image. Consequently, we get a very low bit rates with keeping the image quality within accepted level.

In this paper, we introduced a new technique to code the digital images by dividing it into variable block sizes. We choose block in small size for active area (edges) and large one for non-active region (smoothed). After the dividing operation, the discrete cosine transform operates on the different block sizes. Furthermore, many operations will employ to minimize the bit rate.The receiver will reverse all the operations that have been done at the sender and reconstruct the image by using side information that combines with the operations that have been done at the sender. Consequently, this technique shows improvement in the reconstructed image equality by using low bit rate comparing with the available techniques. The reconstructed image is different slightly due to the errors that come from the quantization process, which are impossible to avoid it.

To study the scattering of ion from adsorbate - covered solid surface, the Anderson
Hamiltonian operator is used which incorporates the local effects and consists of resonant
interactions: the first one is the quasi- resonance interaction between the atomic levels of the
scattered ion and of the adatom. The second is resonance between the atomic level of the
scattered ion and the band levels, and between the atomic level of the adatom and the band
levels, while the correlation effects are neglected. Firstly, the three equations of motion are
checked to satisfy the law of charge conservation. Then simple approximation is used which
make it easy for us to solve them numerically including the surface density of states. The
general features are investigated and found to be agree with the experimental observations. It
was also concluded that the phases variation of the indirect interactions must be taken into
account for better understanding.

An experiment investigated the effect of three different periods ( three, five and nine weeks on the viability of the epididymal spermatozoa of a vasectomized rabbit. Three different cultural media viz: 5% dextrose ,sodium citrate and tris with addition of 20% and 40% of women blood serum to activate the epididymal spermatozoa were also studied. The results revealed that a significant decrease in epididymal spermatozoal viability was noticed after five weeks of vasectomy before spermatozoal activation as compared with the result of after activation. There were a significant increase in spermatozoa viability when dextrose and sodium citrate media were used with a significant decrease in sperm concentration. The tris medium led to decrease in the viability of epididymal spermatozoa in all the three periods

An aquaeus and alcoholic extracts of Carthamus tinctorius flower were prepared , then preliminary tests performed to detect the active compounds .The aquaeus extract contained(carbohydrates,amino acids,saponin,flavonoides,glycosides ) while alcoholic extract contained all the above compounds except the amino acids and saponins. The biological activity and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were detected against reference strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and strains of Malassezia , Candida, Trichophyton and Fusarium , the two extracts gave biological activity and MIC reached up to (250 µg/ml) against the two bacterial strains , while MIC against fungi reached up to (1000,7500,750 and 1000µg/ml) for the aquaeus extract and (1000,7500,500 and 750µg/ml) for alcoholic extract .