Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences)

One of the most important events happens when positrons interact with atoms is the annihilation process of the positronium (e-+e+) atom, which is a probable structure, forming during the interaction. We have extended our previous work on the partial wave approximation, to the treatment of annihilation process for positron-atom system in the elastic scattering region. We have use a formula of annihilation parameter (Zeff) proposed by Gribakin (Phys.Rev.A,61,22720(200)) depending in it’s general formula on Phase shift, which in turn had calculated using the Polarized Orbital method, whereas our method in calculating that factor was the Partial Wave method. Good agreement is obtained between our results and those of Gribakin concerning (Zeff), also we calculate the annihilation rate ( ), and the annihilation cross section ( ), where both depends on (Zeff) in explicit mathematical formulas.

A technical method has been used to measure the Boron concentration in water by detecting the - track density in CN-85 plastic detector. Samples of water are taken from different regions of Basrah city and the results obtained showed that the Boron concentration is approximately larger than 3 PPM and less equal 6 PPM in different places of Basrah city. The high concentration is found in Fao region. That tell us that pollutant in this part of city is larger than the other parts.

For the period of Dec. 2001– Jan. 2002, wet samples of rain water were collected fromdifferent sites covered the industrial sites of petrochemical company in southern Iraq. Thesamples were analysed for pH, conductivity, chloride, sulphate, calcium, magnesium,bicarbonate and phosphate concentrations. Lower pH recorded were 6.5 in the petrochemicalcompany while maximum value recorded was 7.6 in the atmosphere of paper and millcompany. For chloride lower value recorded was 35.45 mg/l in Shuaiba site and maximumvalue was 106.4 mg/l in Umm Qaseer. These values were accompanied with electricconductivity of 0.02 mS/cm in Shuaiba and maximum value of 0.72 mS/cm in Umm Qaseer .Calcium and magnesium ranged between 0.1-2 mg/l and 0.0 – 1.16 mg/l respectively.Sulphate ranged from 16.4 mg/l in petrochemical company to 11.93 mg/l in Basrah city.Bicarbonate was high and ranged between 61.0 mg/l in Shuaiba and 109.8 mg/l in Zubairtown. For phosphate values were low and ranged from 0.50 μg at.P-PO4P3-P/lP Pin BasrahP Pcity to1.26 μg at.P-PO4P3-P/lP Pin Petrochemical company. Wet precipitation in southern Iraq showedmoderate values of pH with slight acidity due to industrial emissions of N and S, and slightbasic due to the dust from the land of basic characteristics.

The Allicin is isolated with purity from alcoholic extract of dry powder of garlic bulbs. Its was characterized by (IR, UV). The polymerization is carried out under conditions like stomach conditions in human (pH, temperature). The polymerization is investigated by using DSC tech. several physical and chemical parameters were determinedsuch as, rate of polymerization, energy of activation, in addition to the enthalpy of polymerization.

The copper sensitivity of two species of snails in Shatt Al – Arab estuary ( Lymnae aurticularia ( Linneus ) and Theodoxus jordani ( Sowerby ) ) were evaluated . The snails were subjected to different concentrations of copper for 24 and 48 hours . The experimental tests were carried out in laboratory using renewal toxicity system . The medium lethal concentration ( LC50 ) values indicated that the snail L . aurticularia was more sensitive to copper than T . jordani .

To investigate the effect of NaCl or pH levels on the survival of Culex sp. larvae , a sample of these larvae was collected from some pools in Basrah city and exposed to 5,10,15 and 20 ppt of NaCl or 2,3 and 4 pH levels . Lethal concentration for 50% of the exposed larvae (LC50) in NaCl and pH treatments were 6.2892 ppt and pH 2.98, respectively .All of the larvae died at the first few hours of exposure to either 20 ppt of NaCl or pH =2 . The results of this study suggest that NaCl levels higher than 6.289 ppt and pH levels higher than 2.98 ( in Culex sp. larvae environment ) are very effective on the larvae survival, thus these levels could be used in mosquitoes control efforts.

Copper ( ІІ ) and oxovanadium( IV )chelating complexes of a tetra dentate ligands using acetazolamide (( N– [ 5 – ( amino sulfonyl ) – 1,3,4 – thiadiazol – 2 –yl ] acetamide )) and amoxicillin (( 6 – [[ amino ( 4 – hydroxy phenyl ) acetyl ] – amino ] – 3,3 – dimethyl –7 –oxo– 4 – thia –1 – aza bicyclo [ 3,2,0 ] heptane – 2– carboxylic acid )) drugs as a chelating agents have been prepared .Infrared , UV– visible techniques and molar conductivity measurements and solubility test were used to characterize and investigate the geometrical structure and nature of complexation in the new complexes .we obtained that Cu (II) complexes had ionic properties and dissolve in polar solvent but VO ( IV ) complexes had no ionic properties and dissolve in polar and non polar solvents . Dissociation constant ( Kd ) , molar conductivity in zero concentration (Λ 0) for all prepared complexes were obtained from molar conductivity measurements and from these we obtained that VO ( IV ) complexes had low value in molar conductivity and act as a weak electrolyte in DMSO but Cu ( II ) complexes had higher value than VO ( IV ) complexes .

Semi-empirical calculations were carried out to study the structural and electronic properties of uracil and certain of its 5-substituted derivatives which include CF3, NO2 , F, Cl, Br,CH3 and OCH3. The optimized structures and electronic properties of the molecules have been investigated theoretically by AM1and PM3 semi-empirical methods. The Mulliken charges, total energies, heats of formation, position of HOMO and LUMO and the electrostatic potential of the molecules are obtained.