Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences

A two months old male Buffalo calf with a large abdominal swelling was brought to Baghdad Veterinary Hospital. From history, one month ago small swelling appeared at the lateral abdominal region and it was enlarged gradually with no effect on the appetite. On palpation it revealed irreducible swelling about volley ball in size. The hernial ring was at the upper flank region about four fingers in size and the small intestine was fall down to the lower abdominal region as a bocket between the abdominal wall and the skin. The case was successfully treated surgically by open herniorrhaphy.

The aim of the study To see the effect of location, season and display time on the accumulation of some heavy metals (Lead, copper, zinc, cadmium and cobalt) in sheep and cattle liver. Liver samples were obtained from three districts in Anbar province (Ramadi, Hit and Baghdadi). This study began from January 2017 to November 2017 for all seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn) Samples were taken from the liver immediately after slaughter for cattle and sheep at 8 am and taken at 4 pm for all areas of study. The results of the study were summarized in the quadratic overlap of the animal type, season, location and time as follows:
The highest concentration of lead in liver (38.86 μg / g liver) was recorded in sheep for spring and evening in Ramadi. The lowest concentration was in sheep in Baghdadi for morning and winter (20.06 micro g / g liver). The highest concentration of copper in the liver (34.65 microgram / g liver) was recorded in cows in Ramadi for the winter season and evening time. The lowest concentration was in the sheep liver during the summer season for morning time in the city of al-Baghdadi (20.43 microgram / g liver). The highest concentration was in the liver (603.99 microgram / g liver) in the sheep for the autumn season and the evening time in the city of Ramadi. The lowest concentration was in the sheep in the city of Baghdadi for morning and summer (560.32 microgram / g liver). The highest concentration of cadmium in the liver (30.88 micro g / g liver) was in sheep in Ramadi for the autumn and evening season, and the lowest concentration was in beef in the summer season for morning time in al-Baghdadi city (9.66 μg / g liver). Cobalt was the highest concentration (1.34, 1.34 and 1.35 micro g / g liver) in cow and sheep liver, autumn, summer and evening time for Ramadi. While the lowest concentration of sheep and cattle liver for the city of Baghdadi for the winter season and morning time (0.64 and 0.63 microgram / g liver).

The present study was arranged to investigate the existence of different species of Nematodes which are infect the cattle through examination of 484 fecal samples which were collected randomly from Mosul city and around regions of it, during the period from October 2011 to June 2012 and determination infection severity of them.
The total percentage of infection with Nematodes was 23.34%. The significant variations in percentages of infection were recorded according to months of study. The highest percentage was in December 42.10% and the lowest in February 2.63%. In this study were diagnosed 13 genera of Nematodes, most of them Haemonchus spp. and Ostertagia spp.
In the estimation of infection severity with Nematodes, significant variations were showed among the light infection with both of moderate and severe infection and the highest percentage of light has accomplished to 67.25% and the lowest in moderate infection was 11.50%.

A two months old male Buffalo calf with a large abdominal swelling was brought to Baghdad Veterinary Hospital. From history, one month ago small swelling appeared at the lateral abdominal region and it was enlarged gradually with no effect on the appetite. On palpation it revealed irreducible swelling about volley ball in size. The hernial ring was at the upper flank region about four fingers in size and the small intestine was fall down to the lower abdominal region as a bocket between the abdominal wall and the skin. The case was successfully treated surgically by open herniorrhaphy

Proteins are essential constituents of all organisms; both egg white proteins and egg yolk are source of protein. The aim of this study was conducted to perform preliminary studies to analyses and compare egg white proteins and yolk proteins from different avian species (guineafowl, dwarf hens, local hen, Shami, turkey, duck, geese, partridge and quail) via or with SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ). 18 Fresh eggs of different poultry species (guineafowl, dwarf hens, local hen, Shami, turkey, duck, geese, partridge and quail) were collected from various farms in the Sulaimani province. Data on egg proteins were analyzed using Statistical Xlstate used for dendrogram construction and PCA. The main egg white proteins were Ovomicin, Ovotransferrin, Ovalbumin, Flavoprotein, α- chymotrypsinogen, and Trypsin inhibitor. The main lipoproteins were Apovitellenin VI, Apovitellenin Vb, Apovitellenin V, Apovitellenin IIIa, Apovitellenin III, Apovitellin 7, B-Livetin, Apovitellenin IIa, Apovitellenin II, and Apovitellenin I. All these lipoproteins were observed in the nine birds species. The egg white proteins and yolk lipoproteins for nine species were examined. It can be concluded the large differences were found in a mount of egg white proteins and yolk lipoproteins of the nine species of birds.

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in the province of Kirkuk and its environs. Rose Bengal test were used on males and females of sheep and goats for the period from 1/1/2016 to 31/12/2016 in the veterinary hospital in Kirkuk and based on the cases received at the veterinary hospital. The incidence of brucellosis was 32.2% of total animals, 97.9% of females and 2.1% of males. For animal species, the rate of infection in sheep and goats was 89.6% and 10.4%, respectively. Abortion occurred in the eight ,eleven and ninth month of the year and the most extreme in the Laylan ,Yayci and City center this percentage of the infection is high.

The current study aimed to determine the effect of hormonal treatment with kisspeptin, GnRH and hCG on plasma testosterone concentration and semen characteristics in buck Cyprus goats during non-breeding season as compared with breeding season. This study was executed at the Ruminant Researches Station pertaining to the Directorate of Agricultural Researches, Ministry of Agriculture, Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad (latitude 33˚20' N) for the period from November 15th, 2012 to December 〖31〗^st 2013. A total of 20 buck Cyprus goats 2 years old and averages 55 kg body weight. During non-breeding season bucks were randomly divided into five equal groups (4 bucks / group). The first group (A1) was regarded as a control group, i.m injected with normal saline, whereas, the second (A2) and third (A3) groups were i.v injected with 4 and 8 µg / kg body weight of Kisspeptin-10 respectively. The fourth (A4) and fifth (A5) groups were i.m injected with hCG (250 IU / buck) and GnRH (20 µg / buck) respectively. Plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly (P≤ 0.01 and P≤ 0.05) increased at 20, 30, 40 and 50 min post-treatment in A5, A2 and A3 groups as compared with control A1. Mass motility and individual motility were significantly (P≤ 0.01) in A5, A4, A2 and A3 as compared with control during non-breeding season. In conclusion, our results show that Kisspeptin-10, GnRH and hCG can stimulate the quiescent hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis of bucks during non-breeding season by increasing plasma testosterone concentration post treatment that leads improving some semen characteristics during non-breeding season.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different concentrations of egg yolk EY (0%, 10%, and 20%) in the semen extender during the cryopreservation process of goat semen out of the breeding season. A total of 12 ejaculates were collected from six Anglo Nubain dairy bucks as two ejaculates for each buck aged between (1-5) years over a two week period by using Electro-ejaculation (EEJ) during the non-breeding season. Post collection, the semen samples were evaluated for motility and mass activity. Subsequently, the semen samples were initially diluted in Tris solution (without Egg yolk or Glycerol) in order to preserve the motility of sperm cells. The semen samples from each buck were evaluated for pre-freezing motility and morphology then divided into three sub-samples and diluted in Tris extender with T1 (control) 0% EY, T2 10% EY, and T3 20% EY. The semen samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen (-196 C). After thawing, the semen samples were evaluated for sperm motility and morphology. The morphology of sperm did not differ among treatments nor between pre-freezing and post-thawing evaluations. However, the motility of semen diluted with 10% EY was (P<0.05) numerically but not statistically higher than semen diluted with 0% and 20% EY. According to the obtained results of this study, it is recommended that a 10% EY level or less be included in the Tris extender during cryopreservation of goat semen for superior motility and morphology results.

This study was carried out by selecting a total number of 17 Holstein Friesian cows divided into two main groups, the first group (4) cows as donors used to take the embryos from after artificial insemination and the second group (13) heifers cows as recipients for embryos. The same techniques were used on donor and recipient cows for the purpose of hormonal preparation in terms of instance synchronization, preparing recipient cows and superovulation for donor cows. Artificial insemination were done in field, and a nonsurgical flushing procedure embryos applied then graded. Donors reflected a good response to superovulation hormonal treatment. The total number of transferable embryos was 13 from four donors. Evaluation of all embryos was excellent quality. The pregnancy rate results for recipient cows was 61.5%. This result is an acceptable as compared to previous studies due to many factors, the study aim was taking into account all these factors, that can have an influence on these programs to obtain genetically improved animals in a shorter time and lower costs.

This study was achieved in special farm in Basaer village which lies on the right side of the Euphrates in Heet district l Anbar, Heet lies 70 K.M west Ramadi during the pesiod, From 17/4/2018 to 30/5/2018. 28 ewes aged 2-4 years of awassi with average weight 40-50 k.g. and a one lambing. All ewes were diagnosed by using the real-time Ultrasonography to make sure there is no pregnancy among the female before the experiment. All ewes were synchronized with intra vaginal sponges impregnated with 60 mg MAP for 12 days before sponges withdrawal and eCG 500 IU (Novormon made in Argentina). The pregnant ewes were divided randomly and equally (7 each group) Into 4 groups The ewes in the first group were received intra muscular injection of 160 Mµ of arginine 3 times daily. The second group were treated with 2ml/head acombination of selenium plus vitamin E (vitamin E 68mg/ml
Selenium 1.5mg/ml). The third group was treated by injection of 160 Mµ of arginine and selenium with vitamin E 2 ml/head. The four groups were injected with normal saline which was considered as a control group. The ewes were inseminated by ram at the end of the hormonal program for five days. The samples of blood were taken from the Jugular vein at four day treatment Also ,In the 4, 10, 15, 18. The results of experiment showed no significant deferent in WBC, Progesterone estrogen, growth hormone, prolactin, early of pregnancy in the treatment with control group. The experiment showed significant difference in the Progesterone concentration within a single treatment in three treatment without control. concluded from this study that use of arginine and selenium with vitamin E improves ewes health, increasing the progesterone to maintain pregnancy.

The study was conducted in one of the fields of the private sector within Basaaer the village of the district of Hit / Anbar at 180 km west of Baghdad, during the period from 17/4/2018 to 30/5/2018. 28 ewes with an age of 2-4 years with a weight of 40-50 kg with at least one birth. All ewes were tested using ultrasonography to ensure that they were free of pregnancy before the start of the experiment. Synchronization of estrus with intravaginal sponges was achieved in ewes, and inseminated with rams at the end of the hormonal program. The rams remained with the females for five days. The ewes were randomly divided into four equal groups (7 ewes in each group). The first group were injected with 160 micro mol / kg body weight and from the fifth day of the inseminated until day 20 of pregnancy The second group was treated by injecting selenium plus vitamin E with (2 ml/head α-Tocopheryl Acetate 68mg/ml Selenium 1.5mg/ml) intramuscular. The first dose was given on day 5 and the second one on day 19 of insemination the early at pregnancy. The third group were injected the arginine with the selenium plus vitamin E emulsion, The fourth group was injected with a physiological saline solution and considered as control group. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein prior to treatment on day 4 of the insemination as well as on days 10, 15, and 18, to measure the changes in the chemical properties at the early of pregnancy. The results of the study showed a significant difference (P≤0.05) between the treatments and control groups. The results showed a decrease in the concentration of urea and ALT enzyme as compared with the first group and control. The present study did not show a significant differences at early of pregnancy in the concentration of cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, and AST enzyme at the early of pregnancy for ewes. The results also showed a significant difference (P≤0.05) between the different withdrawal periods within the same treatment in the control and other groups the concentration of ALT enzyme, and total protein.
It can be concluded from this study that the use of arginine and selenium with vitamin E improves maternal health by reducing the level of urea and ALT enzyme and maintaining pregnancy after insemination.

The study was carried out in the ruminant researches station / department of livestock research section / office of agricultural research in the district of Abu Ghraib / Baghdad to assess the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (EFE) (Safizym - France) in blood characters of local male kids. The experiment was conducted during the period from 21 May 2017 to 17 July 2017 (57) day. Eighteen males of domestic goats aged 4-5 months were used in this study. The animals were randomly assigned to three treatments (6 animals for each treatment) a control treatment was fed on basal ration without enzyme (Tc), a treated groups were supplemented with the EFE of 500 g / ton of concentrate feed (T1) and a treatment with the EFE of 1000 g / ton of concentrate feed (T2). The results showed no significant effect of the adding with EFE in the total protein, albumin and globulin, while there was an effect of the period of the weeks in the T1, where the superiority (P≤0.05) of the eighth week. The results showed a significant differences (P≤0.05) in the serum urea concentration. The second treatment decreased during the second and sixth weeks compared to the T1 and the control Tc. There was an effect of the period of the weeks within the same treatment, where all means in all treatments were reduced with progress the time of the experiment. The results showed no significant effect of the adding with EFE in both glucose and cholesterol. The means were within the normal range and the triglycerides were not affected but there were differences between the weeks within the treatment. Concentrations of HDL, LDL and VLDL were not affected by the addition of EFE, but significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed between the weeks within the treatments. The results showed that T2 treatment was superior during the zero time in the concentration of the ALP enzyme for T1 and Tc, and significant differences between the weeks within the treatments. T1 treatment (P≤0.05) exceeded T2 and Tc in the concentration of the ALT enzyme during the zero time and the fourth and sixth weeks with no effect for the period of the weeks within the same treatment. The treatment and period of the weeks did not affect the concentration of AST enzyme in the serum

Ricinus communis L. of Euphorbiaceae family is a widespread plant in tropical regions. It is used in traditional medicines as an anti- fertility agent in India and different parts of the world. The ether soluble portion of the methanol extract of R. communis var minor possesses anti-implantation, anti - conceptive and estrogenic activity in rats and mice when administered subcutaneously.The study was conducted on 10 local breed male rabbits, 1-2 years old, of 1-2 kg body weight. The animals were divided into two groups, control non – treated group and treated group in which animals were treated with single daily dose of 50 mg /kg b. wt. P.O. of decorticated and defatted castor seeds (DDCS) for 14 days. 28th day post treatment, animals were anesthetized by diethyl ether, sacrificed, abdominal cavity was open. The sexual organ (testes, epididymis, prostate and seminal vesical) weighed. In addition to take a biopsy from each one for histopathological changes. The study also included clinical and hematological parameters, in addition to sperm counts and the changes in sperm morphology.Body weight, body temperature increased significantly in treated males. While in non- treated group there were no significant changes. Respiratory rates and heart rate were none significantly changed in treated and non- treated males.Bleeding time none significantly increased in treated males, but increased significantly in none treated males. Clotting times decreased none significantly in treated and non- treated males. The blood parameters including, total erythrocytes count, hemoglobin concentration, PCV% , MCV, MCH, MCHC, total leucocyte and differential leucocyte counts were either increased or decreased none significantly in both groups. The results revealed that the effects of exposure to extract of ricin for 14 days on reproductive efficiency of rabbits, exhibited Significant decrease in weights of testes, epididymis, tails, heads of epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate in treated males in comparison with those of non- treated males. While the body of epididymis did not show a significant changes.Significant decrease in live sperm numbers, number of sperms in epididymal head, in addition to deformities in high numbers of sperm, including enlarged or small sperms. breaks head, and its detachment, presence of two heads in one sperm, bifurcation of tail and its breaking, sperm coiling in samples from treated males in comparison with those from non-treated males.Histological changes were hyperplasia of lining epithelial cells and vacuolar degenerative changes, loss of spermatogenesis, and spermatocytes necrosis in those from treated males

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supported with zinc and selenium on the lipid profile. of Twenty-one Iraqi males sheep were used aged (1-1.5) years and the weight mean approximately (38±4) kg. experiment animals used divided randomly into three treated groups each group have 7 males. All males were fed on the same ration. The first group was considered as a control group without treatment (T1), the second group (T2) were given yeast enriched with zinc (Saccharomyces cerevisiae -zinc) with dosage (0.2 g/kg/bw), the third group (3) was given yeast enriched with selenium (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) with dosage (0.03 g/kg/bw). The results showed significant (P≤0.05) differences control group compare with the other two-treated groups (T3 and T2) in triglyceride, LDL , VLDL and HDL . The results indicate to significant differences (P≤0.05) of (T2 and T3) compare with the control group by HDL . From the results concluded that there synergistic effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with zinc and selenium as organic form (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-zinc/selenium) could be attributed to improved animal health.

This study was conducted in one of the private sector fields in Anbar province - Hit city - Albasaer village (70 km west of the Ramadi city,), for the period from 28/6/2018 to 1/9/2018. Twenty one local female goats aged between 2-4 years and weighing between 24.5 to 36.5 kg were used, Which have previous one birth or more. All female goats were tested using ultrasound to make sure they were not pregnant before the experiment began. Females were randomly divided into three equal groups (7 goats in each group).Vaginal sponges (60 mg MAP) were injected into the three groups at the same time. The first group T1 was injected intramuscularly with the amino acid, arginine (US Nevada manufacturing) in the muscles at 200μmol.kg Five days before the sponge was pulled out until the 17 day after the sponge was pulled out, While the second group T2 was injected with amino acid (arginine) at 160 μmol.kg. Five days before the sponge was pulled until the 17th day after that. The third group T3 control group was injected with 5 ml Normal Saline intramuscularly of the animal. All animals were injected three times daily from the eighth day after the sponge was placed (five days before removing of the sponge) until 17 days after the removing of sponge. Where the total number of injection days was 22 days. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein before injection of the arginine on day 7 and day 12 of the sponge placed either after the sponge pulled the blood samples were taken on the days 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, 18, respectively of the experiment After sponges removing. The objective of the study was to measure changes in the blood, biochemical parameters, during arginine treatment. The results of this study showed asignificant differences. T1 and T2 group were superior compared to control group in blood properties which include pcv in periods 2, 5, the number of white blood cells in periods 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, MID in periods 3, 9 and Lymphocytes in aperiods 4, 5, 6, 9, While the neutrophil cells the period of 3. In terms of biochemical properties, the results showed asignificant differences, between the treatments of T1 and T2 were superior compared to control treatments in the total protein concentration in period 6, and the globulin in period 6. We conclude that the use of different doses of arginine can improve the health status of female goats