Journal of the College of Education for Girls for Humanities

Through our writing of this research, we found that it is impossible for God to do a haphazard action, because it requires weighting without weighting, but it is from the point of informing, and not from the matter of creation or from the matter of the Almighty being in need of His perfection or observance of the truth, as long as God is endowed with wisdom, and His wisdom Eternal and eternal, the judgments issued by him must be justified by purposes and interests.

The research gives legislation and legislative signatures for the concept of sustainable development in its economic dimension, because the concept of sustainable development was not stated in the legislative foundations, including the Holy Qur’an and the honorable Sunnah, but the concept came implicitly in it, and here I am publishing the basis and the legitimate signature of this concept from an economic point of view. Islamic Sharia has given ways through which society controls the challenges facing sustainable development from securing the available resources to previous generations.

Ibn al-Ijtihad grammar in the thought of Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi
Ibn Kharouf is considered one of the most famous scholars of grammar in Andalusia, who was distinguished by his fertile mentality and his stoic mind. His independent grammatical character.
In this research, I obtained ( Ibn Kharouf Al-Ijtihad grammar in the
Thought of Abu Hayyan for Al-Andalusi) and it included two sections.
Also two issues.
In this research, I applied the descriptive approach based on analysis, and this research was not without the researcher’s opinion in the conclusion of each issue, based on the balance between the opinion of Ibn Kharouf and the opinion of Abi Hayyan, with the weighting of one of them according to Maymoon based on solid grammatical evidence, and the researcher’s preference for one of those opinions Within the limits of its modest capabilities.
In conclusion, the researcher concluded a set of results, the most
important of which are: -
* The research proved that Ibn Kharouf had unique opinions, and this is evidence of the independence of his personality and the soundness of his knowledge. Abu Hayyan was influenced by those opinions, as he mentioned them in his writings.
* The research proved that (Ma) in (Makhla) and (Maaada) is accusative on adverbial, contrary to what Ibn Kharouf and Abu Hayyan said, because it is in the interpretation of a source according to all grammarians.
* The research revealed that Abu Hayyan was not fanatical in his
preference for Ibn Khareef, as he relies in his preference on what is heard and analogy, and in many cases makes the hearing a basis
on which to prove the evidence.

The research in this study sought to clarify the nature of direct instructive verbal verb, and then investigate the hadiths of the Imam ( peace be upon him ) that contain direct ( directing ) verbs , by which the Imam ( peach be upon him ) intended to direct the recipient to a specific act that he intends to perform by virtue of his authority granted by God . Almighty Him , as He is directed to all servants to direct them and influence them , so all His directives ( peace be upon him ) are commanding directives directed to the servants to do a specific thing or forbid a specific thing , the recipient is responsible for bringing about conformity in it through his compliance with the speaker’s commands and prohibitions, as these verbs were analyzed according to a specific approach in which the verbal verb was extracted , the semantic verb was clarified , and then moved to a statement to what these verbs contained of an achievement signification intended by the speaker in his speech . From this study is to link the ancient heritage with modern theories , to prove the validity of the study of heritage at all times .

This study is summarized in the exposure to the emergence of Arabic grammar as well as the centers of its study from the perspective of Dr. Al-Fadhli. The first axis is the emergence of grammar, the second axis is the motives for the emergence of grammar, the third axis is the centers of the study of grammar, while the fourth axis came to show the concept of the center at Dr. Al-Fadhli.

The research tagged with (The Image of the Prophet Muhammad in Muhammad’s play by Tawfiq al-Hakim) seeks to study the image that Tawfiq al-Hakim drew of the Noble Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, in his play titled (Muhammad). And chapters, he was creative in the aspect of dialogue in it, as it represents a response to an old French play by Voltaire under the name (Intolerance or Muhammad). Through the theater, he conveys the historical image in a way that is consistent with the nature of theater art

The study focuses on the meaning of conflict, a struggle between two or more characters, in which each tries to overcome the other. Therefore, conflict is an effective and controlling force in life. Because the law of life is based on conflict, and no change can occur in any of the societies without it, dramatic conflict deals with the development of the characters step by step, and it expresses the contradictions that occur in human life, so it is the form of struggle and sharp clash of actions, ideas, attitudes, hopes and emotions. Shaker Khasbak’s play (Strangers) is chosen as a model for the study. The study starts with the concept of ‘conflict’ and its elements. It gives focuses on the internal conflict which deals with the conflict inside the character himself. As conflict is a broad and comprehensive concept, we can find it in different fields such as psychology, literature and sociology. It is the cornerstone of any theatrical work, as it is the driving force for events. Furthermore, in this play, the writer presents human concepts and social values that include the struggles of good and evil, love, injustice, greed, money, selfishness, etc... Through our analysis, we tried to capture its active essence in the theatrical space.

This study aimed to investigate organizational climate and its role in increasing the levels of administrative creativity among workers at fitness clubs in Saudi Arabia. The study population consisted of all workers at fitness clubs in Saudi Arabia. The study sample included (90) workers at those clubs. The study adopted the analytical descriptive approach based on a questionnaire. Findings of the study include the following: “The levels of administrative creativity among the workers of fitness clubs" was rated (low), from the perspectives of sample members, “The current state of organizational climate at Saudi fitness clubs” came was rated (moderated), from the perspectives of sample members; and there is a positive correlation between organizational climate and the levels of administrative creativity. Recommendations of the study include the following: the need to work on providing an appropriate work environment within the fitness clubs that helps develop the administrative and functional skills of workers; working to encourage the administrative leaders at sports institutions to experiment with modern management methods and to pinpoint creative and innovative ideas; and the necessity of decentralization, delegating administrative authorities, participation of workers in decision-making, and abandoning bureaucracy in work within Saudi clubs.

The aim of this research is to identify the role of the viral marketing mix in the promotion of the brand. The research was conducted in (Kalleh) dairy company, and a questionnaire was used for the purpose of collecting the data with a sample of 86 employees. Structural Methodology In addition to the simple and multiple regression analysis method was used, the research concludes a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that the adoption of the viral marketing mix contributes greatly to the promotion of the brand. Hence, the study recommends that it be adopted the viral marketing mix as a modern methodology for successful marketing and promotion of brand.

This research sheds light on Russia's official position on the revolutions and uprisings that occurred in Europe in 1848. It was divided into an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion. The first chapter explained the reasons for the outbreak of revolutionary movements in some European countries in 1848. The second chapter dealt with Russia’s position on the French Revolution of 1848. While the third chapter clarified the Russian position on the revolution in the German states, specifically in Austria and Prussia.

During the years that followed in 1921 AD, that is, before the military coup (Pisces Coup), Iran witnessed dire economic conditions, because of the rule of traditional political forces, court rulers, employers, and senior owners over the entire economic sectors in the country and the accompanying decline and decline in the standard of living of the Iranian individual in the circumstances The complexity experienced by the country and the devastation caused by the First World War to thousands of agricultural acres and the disruption of a large number of factories and factories had left a clear impact on the ways of dealing with the financial crises that Iran suffered.
Accordingly, the National Council took it upon itself to lay down new financial foundations and rules that would be established to build an economic strategy and chart the features of a new economic thought that the country had not undertaken before. As the National Council considered that its mission is to rebuild the country's economy through legislation, laws and a decision it was necessary for it to legislate and it was obligatory for all state institutions to implement and implement them on the ground, including the executive authority.
The industrial sector was among the most prominent sectors that received the most luck from the attention of the National Shura Council, because this vital sector constitutes a role in supplying the state budget on the one hand and what it represents from a source of living sources for a large number of members of the Iranian society, especially after it afflicted most sectors The traditional industry has been destroyed and destroyed, including the carpet industry in which Iran was famous.

The process of forming the national government in Poland, a complex and difficult process, was much more difficult than any of the other countries that emerged after the First World War in Eastern and Central Europe, The violent political conflict between the political parties was the biggest challenge that Pilsudski faced with the establishment of the government in Poland, but Pilsudski managed to achieve a balance between them, and was able to ignore the political differences and contradictions with most of his political opponents, He adopted the principle that it was the people who had to play a decisive role. The January 1919 Compromise, the convening of the Chamber of Deputies, and the international recognition of Poland were all milestones on the road to establishing a national government for Poland and recognizing Poland's place in the international community.
His role was not limited to calming the political situation and building firm foundations for the new Polish state, but rather extended to include the economic and social aspect, which his interest in them accompanied with the first, to succeed in rebuilding the Polish state after 123 occupation, and prevented himself from making deep social transformations, and he was aware of the difficulties resulting from the emergence of the new state, especially after the unification process of the three Polish departments hindered the presence of different nationalities, religions and languages in Poland, but Pilsudski succeeded in performing his roles brilliantly.
ts

The form of the production of ghulat and over the centuries of multiple fertile material concentrated in large groups in the Islamic heritage and did not specialize in a particular category or doctrine, and did not focus in a specific article can be focused on without others, but formed texts trampled in many of the resources that threatened the main buildings of Islam, which is a great difficulty in order to search and investigate them, as the scope of objective analysis is broader than in most other cases and this diversity is reflected in the content of Nodal groups from which the content was formed.

The folds of the research proved that the policy of Patriarch Shenouda III, who distinguished the Copts as being persecuted by the authority and that he was the only defender of them, was part of the sectarian problem and not of the solution. His rights, as he is the first and last responsible for the Copts, and this is what angered Sadat, who saw that he was the president of all Egyptians. Moreover, the extremist tide of Islamic groups led to an increase in sectarian events during Sadat’s era (1970-1981). Al-Azhar was not an element of calming the events as much as it was an element of fueling after the draft law on borders (Alrada) was proposed, in which the church saw a threat to its existence also after it imposed the establishment of the punishment on the convert from the Islamic religion to the Christian religion, or the convert from Christianity to the Islamic religion and wanted to return to The Christian religion, which re-convened sectarian conferences again in 1977, despite leaving Egypt since 1910, and the Copts of the Diaspora played a negative role in fueling the youth by holding conferences to demand what they called Coptic rights in Egypt, and the problem of building churches was one of the most important causes of sectarian events.

Spatial monitoring maps of change in land use are among the objective maps that have great importance in knowing the spatial change that occurs in the distribution of land use items, whether it is a change towards expansion or contraction, and the consequent necessity of providing the urban population with services that it lacks or legalizing strict environmental controls. which the urban dweller is obliged to follow to prevent the spatial overreach of one use over another The accuracy of drawing these maps has increased after the developments in graphical geographic techniques within the GIS environment, in addition to the increase and diversity of the accuracy of the sources that are relied upon in drawing these maps, especially with regard to space visuals that can be considered a record by which one can know The areal extension for uses of its various types and the study of the change in its spatial extension supported by field studies. This study included knowing the changes that occurred in the area of land use in the city of Najaf during the years (1997) and (2019) through the adoption of satellite visuals of the moon Landsat 7 for the year 1997 with an accuracy of (15) m after improvement with one scene that covered the city of Najaf and the visible moon Spot 5 for the year 2019 With an accuracy of (0.6) m. With four scenes that covered the city. Field studies were used to increase the visual interpretation of satellite visuals, in addition to government data. Through this study, it was shown the great potential of GIS in drawing and monitoring the change in the spatial extension of land use by relying on remote sensing techniques.

The research aims to study and know the impact of industrial and construction activity on changing the landscape of Bahr al-Najaf lands.
The research also includes the problem, hypothesis, goal, importance, limits, methodology and structure, as well as the most important changes that affect the landscape due to industry activities, which are represented by factories such as the manufacture of bricks, cement, plaster and construction operations. Fossil, which includes quarries of construction materials such as limestone quarries and gravel and sand quarries, which depend on the presence of screening plants that are widely spread within the research area due to the increased demand for construction materials as a result of the urban expansion witnessed in the region.

Since the beginning of the current century, the contemporary world has witnessed a race between the various major and regional powers to exploit cyberspace and take advantage of the great advantages it provides in achieving vital strategic gains that those powers did not expect to achieve through the use of conventional military force. The issue of "cyber attacks" has become one of the most important and complex issues that concern the major technologically advanced countries before other less developed countries of the world, because of the serious effects and repercussions that threaten their national security and higher interests, and that the emergence of cyberspace as a new force in relations International and an influential actor in those relations, relying on technological progress, and as a result of the transfer of a large part of the conflicts to the field of cyberspace, and the entry of the regional community into a new phase in which countries try to enhance their ability to exercise hegemony, control and influence in the regional and international environment in which threats called cyber threats appeared, And cyber security aims to ensure the improvement of security that would defend organizations from being attacked by hackers through the Internet, and this is due to the fact that the world has become more connected by means of Internet networks to carry out public transactions and cyber security maintains them.

The divergence of the political positions of the foreign political decision-maker after 2003 led to an imbalance in the external decisions, which made Iraq's ability to implement its political-ideological discourse and ambitions at its lowest levels, but after 2014 the Iraqi decision-maker adopted a policy of neutrality, rational discourse and diplomatic openness, which was an indication of the stage Recovery of the Iraqi state in order to play an important and influential role in the region and the world, as it needs a global effort to win the confidence of countries in many issues.

By analyzing the following null hypothesis, the study intends to determine the efficiency of the learning cells method in developing physics and deduction among the third intermediate-grade students.
Between the mean scores of the experimental group, which was studied using the learning cells technique, and the mean scores of the control group, which was instructed as usual, there is no difference of statistical significance at (0.05). In the physics deductive thinking test for third-level intermediate students, there is no statistically significant distinction between the median scores of the experimental group, that utilized the learning cells technique, and the average scores of the control group, which studied usually.
The study includes the first five chapters of the physics textbook for the third intermediate grade, as well as the third intermediate students of the Directorate of Education of Diwaniyah for the academic year (2021–2022). Sixty-two students made up the sample for the third intermediate grade; thirty-two were in the experimental group, which used the learning cells strategy, and thirty-two were in the control group, which studied as usual. The two research groups (experimental and control) were each given various therapies for an array of variables. Each elements is (chronological age in months, intelligence, previous information, and deductive thinking), To accomplish the research\'s objective, the researchers created 23 strategic study plans for learning cells. They also created a final achievement exam with (40) items after confirming the test\'s validity and reliability. Also, the researchers created a 25-item test of deductive thinking. The test\'s reliability and validity were established, and the scale\'s psychometric properties were computed. The first semester of the school year saw the application of the experiment (2021-2022). The findings demonstrated that the experimental group, taught using the learning cells strategy, outperformed the control group, which was conducted using the conventional methods of achievement and deductive reasoning, and the null hypothesis was rejected.

The current study aimed to investigate the existence of a statistically significant relationship between aggressive behavior and risk-taking/risky behaviors in adolescents, and the predictive value of aggressive behavior degree in determining risk-taking/risky behaviors degree among the study sample, in addition to investigating the differences in risk-taking/risky behaviors degree in light of the gender variable. In order to achieve these goals, the descriptive approach was relied on by applying the study tools represented by the scale of aggressive and hostile behavior for adolescents by Amal Baza (a codified version on the Algerian environment), and the risk-taking/risky behaviors inventory among adolescents (designed and codified by the researchers) on a total sample (consisted of the pilot and main sample) of (169) adolescents from Mila-Algeria. The study concluded that there is a statistically significant strong positive correlation between aggressive behavior and risk-taking/risky behaviors, and the presence of a strong predictive value with statistical significance of aggressive behavior in determining the degree of adolescent involvement in risk-taking/risky behaviors, with the existence of a statistically significant differences in risk-taking/risky behaviors degree due to the gender variable attributed to males

The aim of the riesearch is to idientify (executive functions skills of primary school science teachers and their relationship to their generative thinking. The research was limited to primary school teachers in the Geneiral Directiorate of Education in Qadisiyah Governorate, and for the academic year 2020-2021 and adopted the descriptive correlative research method, and the sample size of the research was (100) Science teacher for the primary stage, they were chosen randomly.
The researciher preipared two tools to achieive the objectives of the reiseairch, the first of which is the executive functions skills test, whicjh in its final fojrm coinsisted of (8) paragroaphs, including (5) objective paragraphs and (3) essay paragraphs, according to the classification of (Al-Barqi, 2017), and the apparent validity was verifjied. The construction of the test was validated, and the values of the difficulty and discrimination coefficients were calculated for the test items, as well as calculating the effectiveness of the alternatives for the objective test items, and calculating the value of the test stability coefficient using the Cronbach alpha coefficient, whose value amounted to (0.86). And the second tool, the researcher adopted the generative thinking test of (Al-Awadi, 2020) codified in his study, and the paragraphs were divided into four main skills that were classified (Jarwan, 2010) into (making hypotheses and finding assumptions - prediction - fluency - flexibility), and calculating the value of the stability coefficient. The test using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, whose value was (0.85). ).
The two search tools were appilied in the secoind semeister of the yiear 2020-2021, and the sjtatistical analysis and pjrocessing of the jata was carried ojut using Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The t-test equation for one sampjle and the Pearson correlation coefficient equation were used, and thejk following kresults were reached:
Elementary science teachers possess a high level of executive function skills .1
. 2.The science teachers of the primary stage possess a high level of generative thinking.
. 3.There is a direct relationship between executive functions skills and generative thinking.
Relying on the results that have been reached, the resjearcher made a nuimber of recommejndations, including training science teachers with a training program that includes the skills they have, which will reflect positively on their students.

The importance of the current research is embodied by the importance of the research topic, which according to the researcher’s knowledge is not addressed by an Arab or local study with the presence of a limited number of foreign studies. There are some Arab studies that have addressed the concept of social interaction with other variables, as this concept is still recent in psychological studies. and social, especially in the Arab and local environment.
The importance of this study is clear because these two concepts (civil society organizations programs, and social interaction skills) are of great importance in the process of individual growth and development, which is reflected in the development of society in general. This study aimed to identify:
1. Measuring the social interaction of workers in civil society organizations before applying the programs of civil society organizations.
2. The significance of the difference in social interaction in the research sample before and after the application of the organizations’ programs.
3. Measuring the social interaction of workers in civil society organizations after applying the programs of civil society organizations.
The current research has identified workers in civil society organizations in the center of the city of Najaf for the academic year (2021-2022) and to complete the objectives of the current research and for the purpose of measuring the social interaction skills of workers in civil society organizations, the researcher adopted the scale (Al-Tamimi 1993), which consists of (50 A paragraph divided into five areas of social interaction that were adopted according to the behavioral theory.
After extracting the psychometric characteristics of the scale, the scale consists of (36) items divided according to the areas of social interaction.
After completing the procedures related to the adoption of the (Al-Tamimi, 1993) scale of social interaction skills, the scale was applied by adopting the one group with the pre- and post-test on the research sample of (30) workers from civil society organizations, which were chosen by the intentional way after it equalized between the workers in the personal variables After analyzing the data, the following results were revealed:
A-There is social interaction for civil society organization workers before the implementation of civil society organization programs.
B -There is a statistically significant difference in social interaction on the research sample before applying the organizations' programs and after applying these programs and in favor of the post test.
C -The social interaction of workers in civil society organizations is high after the implementation of the organizations' programs.
In light of the results of the research, the researcher reached a number of recommendations and suggestions, which were mentioned in detail in the second chapter of this research.

This study examined the health awareness of COVID-19 among university students, including students of the interior departments of the University of Kufa, through a sample of 200 students from the Iraqi governorates, The researcher applied this form after adjusting it to the nature of housing in the interior departments. The study showed a number of results, the most important of which are: Number of COVID-19 deaths among students' families (47%) of the sample, there are health symptoms similar to COVID-19, such as headaches. (38%), fatigue (32%), cold (28%), muscle aches, joints (25%), cough and fever (20%), of whom (48%) confirmed that they had been forced to receive the vaccine, and among the members of the sample they were not adhering to the social distancing requirements of the percentage (46%), and there were 31% of students with COVID-19, and the level of infection between weak and moderate rates. (80%), and as a result of the infection there were cases of transmission between families and colleagues of students. (32%), as well as the competent hospital (32%) of them, were among them (16%) Their health condition has evolved causing them to be hospitalized, and after their recovery I only abide by (52%) social distancing requirements.

Communication technology and the information revolution and the ability to use it have become an effective weapon in order to achieve vital interests, and that among those interests is the formation of the mental image of a political system towards another political system or a people towards another people or a political system towards a people or vice versa. And that is through a media system that publishes and promotes news and information within the framework of a pre-established plan, and that this process leads to changing the stereotyped image of internal or external policies and the tools for their implementation, which made policy-making specialists pay wide attention to the role of the media in foreign and international relations. The role of the media in international conflicts and global crises and its impact on directing those conflicts by decision makers, so the media is considered one of the most important tools for managing international conflicts, and the amazing progress and spread of the media, whether audio or print, and the international information network (Internet) prompted the events This is a remarkable development in the field of international relations by drawing pictures for international decision makers, and the international media is the means that crosses borders to deliver information to other peoples and governments, and then to the international community, Most countries adopt foreign media policies related to the goals and strategies of those countries, to confront a highly competitive and rapidly changing world in order to win international public opinion through the implementation of persuasive communication strategies. The formation of political institutions and decision centers, which affects the internal and external policies of countries and the formation of relations between them.