AL Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences

Many economic studies emphasize the importance of adopting the element of time in the interpretation of economic phenomena in general, including investment functions. The time factor can be included in this type of economic functions through the use of lagging variables, by which accurate comparisons can be reached between projects and economic sectors in the extent of their speed and degree of response to the changes resulting in different economic variables.

Price subsidies for agricultural production are important. It is necessary to find successful solutions objectively to develop the necessary treatment to support the prices necessary for the advancement of this sector as the agricultural sector is very faltering in Iraq in general and in the province of Wasit in particular and the reasons are known and we even import vegetables from neighboring countries.

The dependence of the Iraqi economy on oil revenues by a large percentage makes our resources disabled, and causes a great loss not at the level of production, but at the level of fixed capital represented by the land, which we see from the salinization of land and its exclusion from the circle of production, especially in the south of Wasit Governorate.

What is meant by agricultural support is the state's method used to help farmers to increase production and reduce fluctuations in prices and ensure a stable income for farmers, a system followed in various countries of the world, as the followers of agricultural policy in supporting agricultural products is the main purpose with the aim of increasing agricultural production in order to meet the increasing demand for these commodities, especially food and what is going on the manufacturing process. The objective of economic policy can be achieved through price subsidies for agricultural production.

The economist Jeremy Bentham considered the real founder of the modern conceptual framework for utility and well-being in the Western sense circulating within this framework evolved concepts of utility (total, medium, and marginal) derived from the enjoyment of goods and services and other applications, but the crisis in modern welfare science revolves around a standard method of individual and self-benefit and then came the processes of economic and social development to reflect themselves in the form of increasing the social well-being of man in societies where development takes place.

Then the method evolved to include indicators of the standard of living that reflect multiple aspects and not only income It is known that the household budget surveys (especially household expenditure and consumption), represent the basic tool used by statistical agencies in identifying the components of living standards and methods of measuring them through the presentation of detailed indicators built upon to understand the data of the living reality of society and its needs and in order to develop a clear vision of the needs of the family as the family budget surveys tool through which to know the prevailing living conditions Especially the data of consumption and poverty

Information technology has captured many academic studies for many reasons, including the ability of technology to transcend the elements of time and location, using network communication systems to secure two-way communication. Thus, the need to adapt computers and the Internet to serve banking institutions in providing their services in accordance with the electronic work system has grown. Therefore, research effects have been formulated as follows:

1. Can banking service improvements be adopted as variables that contribute to the implementation of the electronic system?
2. How can the organization employ the Internet as a tool to provide service to customers and what are the advantages when applying this system?
On this basis, the current study dealt with the concepts of network communications and the contents of electronic banking, stressing that the application of electronic work is a complex dynamic process as it requires the intellectual creativity of individuals away from traditional work contexts according to the concepts of electronic service. It is natural that the completion of service operations contributes to saving cost and time for the financial institution and its customers.

Democracy today has been completed in its construction to the point where talking about other forms of democracies, and I mean other than the semi-direct form, is purely theoretical talk only, democracy today, even in the presence of a cumulative mental structure, can only be described as the aforementioned form and within the framework of the availability of institutional conditions in light of the independence and degree of political choice. This is something that is now dependent on the new world order to an almost greater extent than a national heritage that absorbs and derives its potential from the relationship of the state with society. The reduction of power and the tragedy of the role of global political and economic actors requires the approach of Locke's legacy to Rousseau's legacy in the Declaration of Human Rights, which requires an intellectual modernity centered on its philosophical framework to keep pace with and even pursue the thesis of the welfare state and simulate the logic of harmonizing between the power of law and the idea of the disappearance and decay of the nation-state. In this regard, the chapter highlights democracy as the meeting point of the global and the local in a careful reading of the internal and external effects.

The flow of foreign investments to developing countries is one of the most important sources of capital financing for them, as it has positive effects on the national economy represented in providing employment opportunities, transferring marketing and administrative expertise and production technology, improving the quality of commodity and service products, deepening and expanding productive linkages, as well as its role in raising the level of productivity, modernizing local industries and developing the export competitiveness of the economy. Policies seek to increase the degrees of economic liberalization to deepen the level of integration with the global economy, so many of these economies gradually abandon protectionist policies and import compensation policies, and took more open policies in the field of trade and investment, making many amendments to investment laws in order to create an appropriate investment climate to attract foreign investment flows, which is complementary to domestic investment and savings and not an alternative to them.

Through research, it is possible to identify the nature of investment, as well as benefit from the experiences of developing countries in this field, and the repercussions of economic policies on the investment environment by creating a climate

In view of the concerted efforts to raise the economic and living standards and achieve the development that the Libyan Jamahiriya approaches, which have received wide attention recently, it was necessary to carry out a programmed planning process that takes it upon itself to measure the economic indicators that ensure knowledge of the current reality in order to avoid and address the negative ones and develop the positive.

Since the calculation process needs a database from which to calculate the national income according to the known methods, which are the method of entry, the method of spending and the method of added value, and the lack of database in the city of Kasbat due to the lack of a central body for planning and statistics, the researcher resorted to another method usually used by the United Nations and with the help of its office in Tripoli and the use of some statistical methods, including stratified random samples, and through the questionnaire form designed for this purpose by the researcher, the sectors were divided Which represents the largest percentage of income represented by wages, salaries, industrial and agricultural activity

This study aims to shed light on the intellectual framework on intellectual assets as the basic idea lies in how to rely on intellectual capital, analysis and measurement and focus on this existing, which is rare and difficult to imitate instead of focusing on financial and physical assets and therefore the current study seeks to discuss and analyze intellectual capital as a continuous future strategic tool and as an accelerator for the process of developing a strategy in particular with addressing the concepts of intellectual capital and the nature of the strategy and how to preserve intellectual assets and awaken Its energies to increase the level of knowledge and achieve strategic success.

Among the recommendations of the study is to strengthen the capabilities and energies of the knowledge and innovative employees of the organization and the commitment of senior management managers in how to benefit from the intellectual capital they have in the organization as an internal resource that management can adapt for the benefit of the organization and its future success and competition in the long term.

The research aims to identify the impact of leadership styles, which were represented by the work-oriented leadership style, the employee-oriented leadership style, the work-oriented leadership style and workers in organizational commitment, and the College of Education at the University of Al-Qadisiyah was chosen as a community for research, which included (7) scientific departments to identify the leadership styles of department heads and their impact on organizational commitment, where the number of teachers reached (224) teachers, Has been distributed (130) questionnaire form constituted (58%) of the research community has been launched research from the premise that there is a relationship and impact of the three leadership styles in the organizational commitment of the research sample has been obtained positive results support the validity of the hypothesis on which the research was based

The research aims to identify the impact of leadership styles, which were represented by the work-oriented leadership style, the employee-oriented leadership style, the work-oriented leadership style and workers in organizational commitment, and the College of Education at the University of Al-Qadisiyah was chosen as a community for research, which included (7) scientific departments to identify the leadership styles of department heads and their impact on organizational commitment, where the number of teachers reached (224) teachers, Has been distributed (130) questionnaire form constituted (58%) of the research community has been launched research from the premise that there is a relationship and impact of the three leadership styles in the organizational commitment of the research sample has been obtained positive results support the validity of the hypothesis on which the research was based

The research seeks to solve the problem of lack of clarity of vision in Iraq to determine the concept of cooperation and cooperative organizations, and to characterize it scientifically and determine its cognitive competence, and distinguish the cooperative organization with its own principles that make it different from the rest of the business organizations, and to indicate the extent to which cooperative organizations can solve some of the problems of the new Iraq

The current study tests the relationship between change strategies and the basics of building the learning organization in the State Company for Electrical Industries, and the study was determined by a main hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between change strategies and the basics of building learning organizations, and the data was collected through a questionnaire form that consists of two parts, the first part concerns change strategies, and the second part concerns the basics of building learning organizations, and statistical means such as the arithmetic mean, standard deviation have been relied upon, as the results showed the validity of the main hypothesis and A set of conclusions were formulated in this regard, perhaps the most prominent of which is that the management of the organization should provide all facilities and resources that help in the acquisition of new knowledge.

The current study tests the correlation between the dimensions of information and communication technology and the level of transfer and acquisition of knowledge in a sample of faculty members at the College of Administration and Economics, University of Kufa, and the questionnaire tool has been used as a main tool for data collection, as (42) questionnaire was distributed (36) questionnaire was received two of which were excluded being unfit for analysis and thus has been used in the analysis process (34) questionnaire (85%) of the total questionnaire distributed, has been formulated a basic hypothesis for research that there is a relationship A link between the dimensions of information and communication technology and the process of sharing knowledge in its two dimensions (transfer and acquisition of knowledge), and the results were identical to most of the research hypotheses, according to which a set of recommendations were formulated, the most important of which is on the Deanship of the College Research Sample to promote and support the culture of knowledge dissemination within the college among the teaching staff

The flow chart is one of the important tools that are used to describe the production process in a general description, and provides a full picture of how the product is manufactured step by step and shows all the steps required to produce a good or service in a sequential and organized manner and photographed in a code manner to understand the relationships between them, and the choice was made to apply the scheme in the procurement and finance department based on the desire of senior management in the educational institution to apply the ISO 9001 quality management system, which requires drawing a diagram of the actual operations, to determine the reality of operations performance Identify areas of possible improvement.

The procurement department of the institution has already begun to apply the system, for which there is an urgent need to study the subject of the research to sort the procedures and distinguish between transactions and overlaps of financial transactions, especially with regard to procurement and other operations and follow up their flow as a first step towards auditing and applying the ISO 9001 quality management system. The research concluded with a set of conclusions, the most important of which was the difficulty of understanding the flow of processes, as well as there is overlap between them as a result of the multiplicity of documents that describe the processes and their overlap. It recommended that it should be adopted as a tool to understand and audit processes in the department.