AL Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences

The political and economic developments Imposed studying the most
prominent features of the global economic system and what it contains
contradictions and distinctive experiences. Perhaps the most prominent of these
experiments is the experience of China which has achieved high economic
growth, and it was able to enter the global market in large competitiveness and
high efficiency. This study, which calls for the stand at the elements of power
and success and the possibility of applying economic measures pursued.
On the other hand, these included such experiment on the apparent
contradiction between their faith in the functioning of the economy according
to the principles of liberalism, and between retaining central authority and
tyranny governance and lack of democracy. Therefore, the examination of the
relationship between the political and economic system to understand the
division of labor between them and to identify the reasons for the success of
this experiment are the main goals of this research

The process of monetary reformation is regarded a core part of the
banking and economic reformation. This process is regarded as the basic
process from which the monetary reformation process starts. The process of
deleting zeros(Redenomination) from the Iraqi Dinar is one of the most
important step in the process of reformation of changing the structure of the
currency. The study proposed that three zeros should be deleted from the Dinar
and issuing a new currency with (New Dinar) name. the substitution should be
done within a year starting from 2015.

The policy of dumping local markets with imported products, which
increased in order annually since 2003 up to date without any effective
intervention or establishment of rules which is organizing the processes to
import commodities- which does not find whom deters or make it subjects to
the worked minimum rules of inspection, standardization and quality control
that Iraq was already dealt with at minimum prior to 2003- extended to become
permanent contrary to what expected that it would become an episodic event
extending to limited. Thus, with a passing of time, this became as dilemma
requiring rooted resolutions. In spite of all obstacles which manufacturers
persevered to deal with and bear its effects, rather than the minimum profits
earned by local manufactured product which rarely to find a demand in the
markets by several customers whom still they have confidence in Iraqi products
and purchased them occasionally, some circumstances contributed greatly to
exacerbate the phenomenon of commodity dumping such as decreasing of
governmental support to the national industry because of the reported trends in
directing towards market economies and the privatization of governmental
sector without study, planning, and passing in a transitional phase for limited
time period through the direction from an economy that is depended on a
government to the economy that is opened to the market system and private
sector.
Commodity dumping policy is one that has a critical effects or dimensions
on the Iraqi economy for many reasons including that the cheap and bad
commodities remove the good ones from the competition in the local market.
So that, the state should prioritized its tasks currently to be included with a long
and short terms work plans and programs to put limit for that by activating the
role of the standardization and quality control and importing new equipment
that is specialized with inspection of imported commodities and designating an
efficient staff to work them, and steering to establish laws and rules that is
limiting the commodity dumping phenomenon and organizing the exportimport
processes, as well as the necessity of supporting the national industry
through providing the encouragement by the state to the companies and
institutions and purchasing their commodities and supporting and selling them
to the consumer in a low prices , since its lower price than the imported one
will certainly push the consumer to buy it, rather than the low value of taxes
and customs which is imposed on the import of row materials used in the
industry.

The Economics of Education is an important aspect in the economy and
focus on the following factors (factor the rest in economic growth and human
capital, the theory of human capital, the return on investment in education, and
analysis of the labor market and the entrance of the workforce), and the process
of the development of education depends on the knowledge structure,
infrastructure regulatory, technological infrastructure, global context, where the
mechanism Move towards a knowledge-based society of the Arab include axes
where work (employment in the service of human development, the provision
of enabling environments, transport and localization of knowledge), and has
achieved GCC higher rate relative to the freedoms of the economic accredited
to guide the Global Competitiveness issued by the World Economic Forum in
Davos, and the manual is based on economic indicators, set triggers
Competence, a combination of innovation and development, the most important
fundamental challenges Facing the GCC countries in transition to a knowledgebased economy is the (gap extensive technical reflected in weak channels of
production in the Gulf states except petrochemical industry), (gap output of
educational institutions and non-conformity with the requirements of the labor
market), (and low rates of spending on scientific research and development in
these countries)

The subject of the e-government of important topics and modern
international and regional arenas , the government electronic or sense and
accurate translation of the term E-Government E-governance is the system
integrated electronic aims to transform the administrative work normal
administration handy to run using the computer , based on information
systems strong help decision as soon as the administrative and less
expensive . From this point to the importance of the subject and the novelty
of this study was to shed light on the subject and what it looks in its
requirements and then economic dimensions.
The study started from the premise that ((e-government that a significant
impact on the economic level and related topics such as trade through
electronic methods used e)) . Accordingly, this study has addressed the
subject of research and analysis through a review of the concept of egovernment , and these types of governments and objectives , and then
highlight the requirements of e-government and economic deported .

In this paper, we use one of the method of operations research. It is the method of
integer programming to maximize the profits achieved in the field of raising chicken
dedicated to produce white meat by reducing the cost of chicken feed to a minimum
possible extent. We use the benefit from the available silo in local markets to elect the
proper diet, which serve to feed the chicken in each period of feeding. This bush
should have all the basic elements provided in poultry diets such as proteins,actress
energy ,fat, fiber, vitamins, mineral, amino acids and other elements required to be
provided in the diet of poultry.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships among
organizational anomie, and counterproductive work behavior in the Iraqi travel
and tourism companies. The importance of research includes rare of studies that
investigated the relationships among organizational anomie, and
counterproductive work behavior. Furthermore, there is a reality problem, which
has a significant effect on Iraqi tourism sector. Based on the cluster random
sampling, 400 questionnaires were distributed to mangers of travel and tourism
companies in the middle part of Iraq. Only 343 questionnaires were returned. Out
of which 309 questionnaires were usable resulting into a response rate of 77%.
Then, the data were analyzed using both AMOS v.20 and SPSS v.20 programs.
The theoretical results show the knowledge gap related to identificate the nature of
the relationships among organizational anomie, and counterproductive work
behavior. The practical results show the two different kind of affect relationship
between research variables. The direct relationship between (organizational
anomie and counterproductive work behavior).

This research aims to determine the importance of social responsibility and
innovation , by studying the relations and influences between them ,this
research was applied through a sample of ( 56 ) professors has selected
randomly from faculties (faculty of education and faculty of administration &
economics) at the University of Kufa , testing the model and hypotheses using
Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by (LISREL 8.8), linear regression
analysis by (SPSS V.18) , and get a set of conclusions and recommendations .

The phenomenon of organizational conflict is natural phenomenon in all
social organizations because of different individuals with each other in the
opinions, attiudes, has pointed out that on of researchers saying that the conflict
at the level of the social organizations inevitable, but that the conflict with in
the individual the same is also inevitable because that the multiplicity of
psychological and social effects of internal and extcrnal.(Taweel:2001:293 ).
The school is one of the social organizations contain different conflicts, that
this conflict takes two main form, conflict disput it respresents the difference or
conflict of idea and opinions, and conflict of benefits and interest the is based
on different individual in their interest and their need. ( Assaa:2001: 18 ) our
research (( Reliable strategies against organizational conflict in some school in
the province of Diwaniyah)) is to try to indentif the concept of conflict and its
causes, effects and strategies to face it through four major sections contained
methodology, theoretical side on subject of conflict, analyzes the answers of
managers questionnaire, the conclusions of research and recommendations that
necessary in this field.

The water resources form the vessel of life, which without it life is not exist
for human, plant or animal, the life is continuing and progressing in societies
mean increasing in requesting water. The water resources played a huge role in
directing the human emigrations and population distribution, which was and is
debatable between countries, especially those that share a river or more runs in
their borders. Iraq is one of them. Because most of the water resources, in Iraq
in general and Basrah in specific, are flowed from outside the borders, so they
are incurrence for decreasing, wasting and pollution as well. As a result, this
matter needs a good strategy which guarantees a good managing for the water
resources, so for this reason, this research studies the water resources, their
sources, and the confronting problems in Basrah, to reach the solution to put a
good strategy for developing these resources.

Research aim to identify the relationship between the dimensions of leadership
skills (motivate employees skills, achieve mission, build self-confidence among
workers, teamwork skills) and difference Strategic of a sample of managers of
Iraqi banks (Rafidain and Al-Rashid), launched from the hypotheses that
((there is a correlation and effect between the skills leadership and difference
Strategic)). The research assumption proving by distributed questionnaire for
(40) officials of peoples working in the upper levels. After analyzing the
answers data of the research sample, and test hypotheses using a number of
statistical indicators and with help of statistical program (SPSS V.15), the
hypothesis that search arise has been validated. Then, according to analysis
results developed a set of recommendations that focus essentially on the need
to concern on effective leadership skills as a fundamental substrate to the
Organizations sustainability and success

Purpose: The paper aims to reveal the relationship and impact between marketing
capabilities through its dimensions (CRM capabilities, perception market capabilities and
brand management capabilities) and market orientation through nominally (collection and
use of market information, develop strategic market orientation and implementation of
strategy market orientation)
Paper Methodology: defined research problem in several questions focused on nature of
effect relationship between the variables of paper, and for that a design hypothetically to
paper expresses the hypothesis of one Main and branched out by the three hypotheses
subset, but in order to ensure the validity of assumptions undergone all of multiple tests to
ensure their validity. Use the paper descriptive analytical method as a method has been
used to search and search -resolution way to get data, as the research community the
company Southern Cement new either sample was cut short on workers in two parts only
two marketing department and Processing because their experience and expertise
marketing activities more than others, as was the number of employees in department (43)
employees have been distributed the questionnaire to all of them and recovered (36) The
identification of a complete statistical analysis The data were analyzed using a
combination of statistical methods (mean, standard deviation, and the percentage and
simple and multiple regression) and extracted results using the computer program) SPSS
v.17.(
conclusion paper: Search to reach several conclusions was the most important effect of
the presence of the customer relationship management capabilities and grasp the market
in the strategy towards the market, but the capabilities of running on the brand strategy
does not affect the market orientation of the company site search application.

The study deals with strategic capabilities through three dimensions,
namely, (marketing capabilities, technological capabilities and the capabilities
of human resources) as explanatory variable, and also deal with organizational
intelligence as variable a respondent through the four dimensions, namely,
(strategic vision, the desire to change and dissemination knowledge). The aim
of the research was test the relationship between strategic capabilities and
organizational intelligence. The research population was the private banking
sector, either the research sample was intentional sample, The selected sample
of (35) director and deputy of the department and officials of the people and
their deputies out of (42) in the bank of Babylon, and AL Belad Islamic been
(32) retrieved questionnaire was valid which represented
(76%). The research involved two hypotheses to test the relationship between
the the research variables. The results were extracted using a statistical program
(SPSS).The most important conclusion was poor correlation and influencing
between the research.

The production system consists of a set of workstations and by which the
conversion of raw materials into materials finished after going through several stages
of production and aggregate product has been developing the plan in advance and
there are many manufacturing systems, such as workshops and flow lines production
where that determine the size of the payment of production multistage and time of
completing each batch at every line or workstation is one of the important things to
reduce inventory levels under industrialization and also to reduce the rates of damage
resulting from the production processes as reducing the rates of damage leads to the
Investment raw materials, the best investment commensurate with the conduct of
operations smoothly and without accumulation of inventories in all its forms (raw
materials, semi-finished, finished), leading to reduced cost setup and configuration /
Issuance order as well as the importance of the implementation of the plan to the
fullest destination and we'll show in the current research of Use model with a special
case, in the model was taken ratios damage at all workstation into consideration and
the impact of these ratios on the size of the payment and thus function total cost of the
product while in the case of the same model, but excluding the impact of the
proportion damage means that the size of the batch produced without defects (neglect
proportion of damage) and the impact of rates of damage in the size of the batch and
thus function overall costs, and has also been dealt analysis implicitly on the
assumption that the rate of damage be fixed at all stages and measuring their impact
on the size of the payment and the total cost of the product, and then formulated
according to the program was written by the researcher visual basic 6.0

The Analysis of Profitability of the Customer by measuring the Costs and
Revenues of the Customer contributes effectively to distinguish between Profitable
customers and Unprofitable customers and thus helps economic unit management
in administrative decisions making relating to properly on pleasing the customer
and satisfy the wishes and needs and work to strengthen the relationship between
the customer and the economic unit and gain competitive advantage and what
distinguishes it from other economic units, so the research problem lies not
provide detailed information on the identification of the costs and revenues of any
customers do not know the profitability of every customer and this adversely
affects the profitability of the unit economic as a whole. This research aims to use
customer profitability analysis to find out the possibility of economic unit to
maximize profits through the management of its relationship with the customer
and enhance their competitiveness through customer satisfaction and improve
loyalty.
The Research found a set of the most important Conclusions and an apparent
lack of fear by economic unit in the collection of detailed information on the costs
and revenues of the customer being the need to effort, time and additional cost .
The set of Recommendations including educating staff related economic unit
to get to know the style of customer profitability analysis and the entrance to the
customer relationship management and the provision of supplies and the necessary
ingredients to apply it.

The imposition of going concern, one of the main assumptions of accounting
under which the activity is economic unity continues for a relatively long period to
exercise normal course of business unless there is any evidence to reverse in the
near future, and based both model Kida as one of the methods of financial analysis
to try to forecasting the continuity of economic unity, which relies on financial
ratios derived of both income and financial statement, and some ratios of operating
cash flows because of the increasing importance in determining the continuation of
cash flows in order to evaluate the performance of private Iraqi banks by 10 banks
listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period (2007-2012), was reached
important conclusions :-
- Kida model is based on five financial ratios for the failure of the financial able to
distinguish between successful and failed banks.
- model results achieved Kida proportion agree with acceptable ratios of cash
flows, amounting to 54% .
the researchers provide the following recommendations
- need to based a model of financial failure Kida in private Iraqi banks for
suitability to the nature of its activity.
- should adopt the model of financial failure with some ratios of cash flows to
reflect the future environment for banks.

Today constitute the phenomenon of money laundering a serious
phenomenon in the light of contemporary challenges for the audit profession,
and must understand and absorb the risks faced by banks, especially as a result
of this phenomenon and the need to commit economic units in general and
banks in particular, in promoting the importance of the role played by the
external auditor, to express an opinion independently and impartially shows
how to make the necessary professional care, which adds value to the financial
statements and increase the confidence of users of financial statements of the
audit profession.
The research found a set of conclusions was notably:
• Banking institutions are the main target by money launderers for starting the
process of washing.
• The need to increase the interest and knowledge of the external auditor to
information technology, which started form the bulk of the banking operations
in order to do his job with professionalism and high quality.