AL Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences

Given the importance of this issue This study attempts to provide a clear vision for a system of social safety approach between Islamic thought and economies situation, because Social Security is the one who gives life and comfort to people through work and services and subsidies mainly mandatory organization, and stressed the Islamic religion to work through personal effort , because the work has the best thing guaranteed to live for everyone and ensures the satisfaction of their needs life multiple, where he wanted Islam through induction to work that does not keep anyone able to work are unemployed or dependent on others, Islamic religion stresses on the exploitation of all energies and resources for individuals, but for economies positivism, which for liberal thought and socialist, as confirmed liberal thought that only has the State minimum social needs, leaving the task of securing more than that minimum to other sectors, as for thought Alachtrakin as confirmed thought on the need for the participation of all individuals to production and statutory income, and state-building and equality among members of society, materially and morally guide and the abolition of stratification in the synagogues and be the means of production belong to society.

The goal of research is to determine the general features of the concept of social security systems and economic situation and analysis of the elements of the social security system in Islamic thought, and then to reach a number of conclusions and recommendations

Saw the approach and the path of the Iraqi economy in general and the external sector in particular in Iraq beyond the year (2003) radically different reflected on his performance and thus became the Iraqi economy and the new reality is different from what it was a year ago (2003), but what a pity that the change that has occurred in Displaced economic (from system central socialist to liberal system of capital) has been accompanied by many of the errors related manner of change and time, specifically those relating to the liberalization of foreign trade, as well as political and security conditions is appropriate that accompanied the adoption of the new curriculum in Iraq, which bury the hopes of optimists with positive results, it has become the reality of the Iraqi economy worse than it was before the change, during this period decreased growth rates of most of’ the economic indicators to border zero, but we are encouraged to catch up with the truth (integration in the new global economic order) is that Iraq’s economy is able to correct track and overcome what is going through setbacks on the economic level, social and political, for it possesses elements of it.

This research deals with the fluctuations in the exchange rate on the general level of prices in Iraq for the period 1990- 2011 using a causal model to determine the causal relationship and reciprocity between the exchange rate and the general level of prices and other relevant variables we have used in this research approach to economic analysis and adopt the style of quantitative measurement of the correlation between variables through causal model, and here stems the content of basic research in the measurement and analysis of the effects and relationships between economic variables. The results showed the existence of a causal relationship between the variables in Iraq, the fact that the search of the most vulnerable countries to the impact of inflation Because of openness and liberalization policies on the economic front.

The strategic economical Diversification amide to ability study to decrease the dependence income states on only supplier income.

So, the requirements, policies and elements of Diversification requires many conditions as for ability of state on depending on exploitation of Diversification that its important in plentiful and funds with management ways, that goes to moving gradually in their economical from fixing to Diversification.

The study aimed to concenter ate on the Gulf macroeconomics, firstly, that transitivity important states which have only supplier like lasting to provide with general funds in balancing.

Secondly, that Iraqi economy consider with Gulf macroeconomics, As, the study focused on the six Gulf states that achieve high level in Diversification.

All Gulf states achieved reform structures in its income sources.

Some of them achieved a good results in this course but the another moving slowly towards the goal although from the political Diversification performance that use in these states.

No doubt in Iraqi economy, the Oil which source that important change in Iraqi economy, policy and social history and effect on the general social relations.

All policies Diversification planning and attempts that followed in previous Iraqi economy carry out to disappointed results that reflect the truth of bad manner in Oil revenue management according to traditional balancing, therefore decrease in ratio

After three decades of state and the public sector control on the various joints of the economy and crowding out the growing private sector in addition to the entry of Iraq in three wars, it makes sense to translate these events that lead to economic and social distortions in the Iraq economy . this prompted the government to adopt a policy of support and intervention, which in many times carries it a huge burden constitute pressure on the state budget and all that comes within the framework of the possibility of achieving and attaining welfare of the citizens .

However, we find that the economic welfare in Iraq is not measured by the degree of economic development or quality of life levels concerning health and education, but it is measured by combining the Gini coefficient and the average per capita income . the arrival of economic welfare level in Iraq to a high level, it dose not mean that the citizen luxuriantly from all sides, but in terms of consumption linked to developments in monetary income .

That the spending policy in Iraq must be based on the increase in capital expenditures because it leads to the expansion of production capacities and increase production and economic growth to increase the sustainability and economic welfare of Iraqi society .

Education occupied a great significance in all human cultures. Because it has a great role to advance and progress the socially then we can achieve the humand the economic development. Which become the important cases that every growing countries seek to achieve it. And this is logically a loility to development the education.

The study including three chapters the first chapter of them belong to theoretical study. the second chapter might belong to the instruction reality and development in the Iraq and by two subject, to take the first subject the instruction of reality in the Iraq during the primary ,secondary ,professional instruction and the graduate instruction besides the spend at the instruction and the second subject to take the development of reality in Iraq during the plans, , the statistics of the programs gretl1.9.9 and it to arrive at bereft the relation ship between the instruction and the economic development in the Iraq.

Showed expectations global demand for natural gas in global energy market will increase at a rate higher than 23% in 2010 to 25% in 2035 and global natural gas supply rise of 53.6 million bpd to 82.0 million barrels per day for the period in question. Where will be the first place for various types of global energy for its properties or features made him supported by environmentalists. As for the State of Qatar, has 14% of the world's natural gas reserves and production of LNG to 77 million metric tons annually in 2010, making it the largest producer of gas where the most important future projects of development of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by participating contracts .

This research aims to determine the indicators of the strategic intelligence to assure the Strategic Supremacy through the ease of strategic Agility in KOREK Company for mobile communication in Iraq. As a main purpose of the study and as a result of that the company hope for, it is necessary to know the way that can assure the strategic Supremacy. Achieving the strategic Supremacy can be made through employing and adopting the indicators of the strategic intelligence and the ease of the strategic Agility with each other in a clever way.

To achieve the aims of the study, a modal has been designed including three basic variables, the independent variable represent the strategic intelligence indicators through five dimensions presented by (Maccoby,200 1, 2004, 2011) in his studies; orientation, visionary perspective, partnership, motivation and systematic thinking, while the mediated variable represents the ease of the strategic Agility and it is an single dimension variable (Charlotta, 2012, Idris and Al-Rubaie, 2013), as for the dependent variable it is the strategic Supremacy and it includes (The sphere of influence, competitive compression and competitive configurations). (D’aAveni, 2001, 2004). A number of hypotheses were deduced and designed of which are correlation hypotheses, effect hypotheses and hypotheses for the medium variable.

By adopting the style of analytical study, the researcher employed a questionnaire as a basic tool to collect the study data, where 88 form were analyzed out of 310 one in the company, as well as making interviews and tests. After assessing and testing the measure tools of the study, the data were analyzed and the hypotheses were tested by using the proper statistical analysis (Amos.20) and (SPSS .17 ) program. The findings have showed that most of the study variables were correct and several conclusions were set depending on them, of which are the necessity of adopting the competitive intelligence indicators by the management of the company and on the ease of competitive Agility, operations, sources and framework which assures the achievement of strategic Supremacy. The study was concluded with several suggestions for future studies.

The research aims to highlight primarily on the diagnosis of the impact of human capital climate in social capital, which in turn will contribute to direct the administrative leadership at University of Kufa to understand the strengths and weaknesses of performance research variables.

The research tries to link the Human Capital and Social Capital components. In order to achieve the objectives of the research in light of its ideas and theoretical data, the researcher builds a model that explains the relationship among the basic dimensions of human capital (knowledge, capability, skill) (Chaudhry & Roomi,2010), and social capital and its components (Rational, cognitive, structural) (Silkoset,2013). The study adopted international scales to measure the model variables in the light of its assumptions. Data were collected from a sample of college at University of Kufa included (317) persons from teaching staff at (19) colleges.

After extraction of the research results, we reach a number of conclusions. The most important are: There is a clear understanding about the basic dimensions of human capital from the teaching staff''s attitudes, and a tendency of the sample towards the primarily interest to expand the cognitive awareness state through attention to read all new scientific researches and published periodicals for the purpose of increasing knowledge. There is highly interest to develop their personal abilities and work, and then pay attention to skills they possess to serve the university and its colleges.

The aims of this research is to explore the impact of employee empowerment with its four dimensions (knowledge sharing, culture, and organizational structure), And the perceived leadership support with its three dimensions (organizational rewards, leadership support, procedural justice) in enhancing organizational efficiency.

Directorate analytical approach was used where random sample was selected from the study population of the employees of the Descriptive of telecommunicate and post in najaf, the main tool for data collection is the survey were(300) questionnaires were distributed randomly to the engineers and technicians, and (289) questionnaires were returned hypothesis has been tested by statistical package for social sciences (spssv.18) . The research found aset of conclusions: that there are levels in employee empowerment and the working groups feel the level of leadership support that contributes to enhance organizational efficiency.

The purpose: paper aims to reveal the relationship and effect link between the relational capital through (trust, transparency, interaction) organizational learning through (knowledge generation, knowledge innovation, knowledge sharing).
Design / methodology: defined paper problem in several questions focused on the nature of the correlation and influence between the variables of research, and for that a scheme supposedly to search expresses two hypotheses President branched including several hypotheses subset, but in order to ensure the validity of the assumptions undergone all of the multiple tests to ensure their validity. The research used a questionnaire and a way to get the data. paper methodology used descriptive analytical approach as a way to search. The research sample used as intentional staff has been selected as a sample to assess paper variables, and their number was (225) people and represent the proportion (42%) of the community.
Value of the study The paper to a set of conclusions which treated employees among themselves in good faith within the organization and their willingness to resolve the problems facing the work and interact with each other through contact with the face-to-face led to the development of the means to acquire knowledge and refurbished, providing incentives for them to meet their information results also showed staff deal with each other in a positive and clear, and their quest to move away from negative behaviors led to benefit from the results of generating knowledge with each other and promote teamwork approach to generate new ideas

The study aimsto reveal therole oftrust(the senior management of the organization,
supervisors, workcolleagues) inorganizationalenhanceorganizational loyalty (emotional,
normative, continuous). The studyhas identifieda probleminseveral questionsfocused on
thenatureandeffectcorrelationbetween thevariables of the study, but thatin order todevelop a
blueprintfora hypothetical study expresses thetwomainhypotheses, but in order to ensurethe
validity ofthe assumptionsforallundergonemultiple teststo ensuretheir validity.
Thestudy reliedon theapproach tothe descriptive analysis, andusedthe studyquestionnaireas a
meansto obtain the data, and a samplestudyuseda random sample, as has been
chosenworkersfivebranches of theRafidain Bankin the province ofNajafas a sampleto
assessorganizational trustandorganizational loyaltyandtheir number was(67)peoplewho
representthe proportion of40% of thecommunity. The data were analyzedusing a combination
ofstatistical methods(factor analysis, correlation coefficientKendall, simple regressionand
multi), andresultswere extractedusingthe softwareSPSS))where thestudy founda set of
conclusions, including:
Came dimension thetrustcolleaguesworkto befirstin the order ofremoval oforganizational
trust, to comeafter himconfidencesupervisorsSecondly, followed bytrustsenior management,
andthisexplainsthat thebank concernedthe study findsthatorganizational trustis achieved
throughconfidencecolleagueswork, and trustsupervisorsmore thantrustsenior management,
which reflects the weakness ofbankinterestto strengthenthis trust.

the current research aims to identify the level of practice of the University of Kufa to knowledge management capabilities, and to identify the impact of knowledge management capabilities in the construction of university educated, while the research methodology used descriptive analysis in data collection and analysis, and focused research problem in answering the following: What level of influence of the capabilities of knowledge management in building learning organizations of the university surveyed. order to achieve the objectives of the research and to answer his questions, use search questionnaire as head of the testing capabilities of knowledge management and the dimensions of learning organizations, has been selected a random sample of employees Kufa University's (843) were distributed to 425 identifying and recovered (325) questionnaires ready for statistical analysis. The results showed that the university generally in dire need of knowledge management capabilities in the development of the capabilities of its members and then develop their own, because the principle of learning organizations stems from individuals learn collectively and then reflects on the organization as a whole

This paper aims to reviewing of conceptual and epistemological frameworks of dynamic capabilities and market orientation field, besides identifying and determination of impact level of these factors in hotels activities sector of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf province. The essence of this paper focuses on the answer on the following query “Is there any relation between dynamic capabilities and market orientation, scope of their effect and the trend of this relation?” In the sake of fulfillment of this study goals and to answer on the query referred to above, a sample of sixty six of hotel managers was chosen representing about 25% of that whole community sector and given a questionnaire form and resumed after being processed. A number of conclusions have been drawn through this study; the most important of the is that the hotels sector is always in need of to be modified and harmonized with the changes that should be realized before coming about. The second conclusion is the experience acquainted from the previous events and activities and customers’ needs, finally resulting in integrating of these activities altogether in order to formulate and develop a market orientation strategy, then fulfillment of goals.

This research aims to identify the reality of the use of environmental accounting in industrial enterprises in Iraq, and to know how these enterprises are interested with the disclosure of environmental accounting information in its reports as well as recognize the difficulties and obstacles faced by the industrial enterprises at the application of environmental accounting. To achieve the objectives of the research was designed a questionnaire distributed to the population of the study, and the component of the industrial establishments operating in Iraq. Research has found a group of the following results: It does not have an actual application of environmental accounting and despite the fact negative for the application of environmental accounting in industrial enterprises in Iraq, but That did not prevent the existence of the realization by individuals sample study of the importance of environmental accounting - albeit slightly -. has also been shown, that the industrial enterprises in Iraq are facing difficulties and obstacles when applying environmental accounting, and this is due to several reasons, foremost of which was the lack of knowledge of management methods of environmental accounting and the failure to enact laws and regulations that require industrial facilities to carry out environmental accounting procedures and the lack of detailed information necessary for the application of methods of environmental accounting, and research has come to a set of recommendations including:. Development of awareness among managers of industrial enterprises in Iraq, the importance of environmental accounting, and its role in the provision of appropriate information to make decisions and contribute to the process of planning and control, and work on the application of environmental accounting in industrial enterprises in Iraq because of their feasibility and the benefit of a large return on the facilities, as well as enacting legislation and laws obliges industrial enterprises rules and accounting standards and the need for environmental corporate commitment to environmental protection and conservation through the production of environmentally friendly products.