Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate and find the relationships between human
semen osmolality and oxidative stress with semen quality. Semen analysis was determined to
evaluate semen quality and fertility. The concentration of semen malondialdehyde (MDA)
was measured to assess oxidative stress. For this purpose, one hundred seventy healthy adult
males were used in this study. The study was conducted from September 2018 to November
2019 in the Infertility care and in vitro fertilization center (IVF) and the Biology department
of the College of Science at Salahaddin University in Erbil city. A significant positive
correlation was observed between the total sperm motility, grade activity, and sperm motility
index with semen osmolality less than 300 mOsm kg-1
(r= 0.62, r = 0.64, and r= 0.75 p≤0.01
respectively) and osmolality 300-350 (r= 0.53, p≤0.05 r= 0.52 p≤0.05, and r= 0.56 p≤0.01
respectively). Total sperm motility, grade activity, and sperm motility index are negatively
correlated with osmolality 351-400 mOsm kg-1
(r= -0.65 p≤0.05, r= -0.56 p≤0.05, and r= -
0.67 p≤0.01) and more than 400 mOsm kg-1
(r= -0.86, r = -0.74 and r= -0.88 p≤0.01).
Regarding the relation between oxidative stress and sperm motility kinetics, total sperm
motility, grade activity, and sperm motility index is negatively correlated with MDA more
than 2 µmol/L (r= -0.56 p≤0.05, r= -0.52 p≤0.05, and r= -0.67 p≤0.01 respectively). No
significant correlation was found between semen osmolality and MDA concentration with
sperm concentration, total sperm count, sperm viability, and normal sperm morphology.

The study involved the description of the environmental characters and distribution of
Anogramma leptophylla (Annual Maidenhair fern) in Erbil and Garmian districts during
May- 2017 in Kurdistan of Iraq. The geographical distribution of the taxa was recorded in
Bani Bee region for the first time within the Garmian district but it was recorded before in the
Zar Gali region within the Erbil district. The climatic characters of the studied site in Erbil
district were: moist, cold and the elevation was up to 560 m above sea level with sandy clay
soil texture whereas in the Garmian district: dry, hot, and the elevation was only 330 m above
sea level with sandy stone soil. Plant up to 13 cm long, megaphyllous, fronds compound 3-6
cm long, divided into alternate petiolate pinnae. In the present work, some ecological,
morphological, and geographical distribution for A. leptophylla is described for the first time
in the Iraqi Kurdistan region.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation
that essentially affects the small intestine and is caused by eating gluten-containing foods.
This study sought to determine gene expression of NLRP3 Inflammasome in peripheral blood
of Iraqi CD children using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. Thirty children with
CD (12 males and 18 females) were enrolled in the study and their age range was 3-15 years.
The diagnosis of the disease was confirmed by serological examinations and intestinal endoscopy. A control sample of 20 age-matched healthy children was also included. The children
were stratified for age, gender, body max index (BMI), histological findings, and marsh classification. Further, the sera were examined for IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) antibody, IgA anti-gliadin antibody, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Based on Marsh classification, the results revealed that the majority of patients (70%) had partial villous atrophy (Marsh
Ш 3A), while children with subtotal and total villous atrophy (Marsh III: 3B/3C) were presented with a lower frequency (30.0%). Neither Marsh I nor Marsh II has been observed
among the patients studied. Serum levels of anti-tTG and anti-gliadin IgA antibodies were
significantly higher in CD children than in control children (73.8 and 31.8 vs. 0.8 U//ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Conversely, IL-1β serum level was decreased in CD children but the
difference was not significant (35.5vs. 53.4 pg/ml; p = 0.285). In the case of NLRP3 inflammasome, the Relative Fold Change method (2-∆∆Ct) was used to assess the gene expression.
The results revealed that the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome was decreased by 0.594
fold in CD children. In conclusion, the NLRP3 inflammasome was down-regulated in the present sample of CD children, and it was accompanied by a decreased serum level of IL-1β.

Rheumatoid arthritis (AR) is one of the chronic diseases resulting in many complications
such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Any change in the lipid profiles and myocardial
markers indicates cardiovascular disease risk, so this study is designed to monitor the pattern
of lipid profiles and myocardial markers in newly diagnosed RA patients. Blood samples were
collected from 70 Iraqi patients newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (male and female)
and 30 healthy served as control. These individuals were aged 35-65 years. The serum
samples were obtained to determine myocardial markers; included troponin, creatinine kinase
(CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase GOT; and lipid
profiles; such as cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density
lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL); using a kit from Roch
(Germany), measured automatically with Minividas, Biomerieux (France). No differences
between levels of all lipid profiles and myocardial markers in newly diagnosed RA patients
compared with the healthy group were found as well as they were within the normal values,
but interestingly, the cholesterol/HDL ratio increased significantly in RA patients comparing
with healthy, so it could conclude that the risk of CVD could be increase also among the
newly diagnosed of RA patients. Moreover, the cholesterol/HDL ratio should be probably
included in a model to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease for RA in addition to the
gender, age at the disease onset, and severity markers of disease.

In this study, the flavonoid and alkaloid content in the alcoholic extract of the shoots and
flowers were identified in four species of the tribe Apieae / Apiacese : Ammi majus, Ammi
visgana, Anethum graveolens and Foeniculum vulgaris, and the flavonoids that were detected
are (Apigenin, Coumarin, Kaempferol and Quercetin). The species Foeniculum vulgaris has
recorded the highest concentration of total flavonoid content (Shoots and Flowers) among the
studied species, reaching 4139.2 µg / ml. The total alkaloids are estimated for these species,
and the Foeniculum vulgaris has recorded the highest concentration of the total alkaloid
content as well.

Actinopolyspora iraqiensis IQ-H1 is a novel strain of actinobacteria isolated from
extremely halophilic soil samples in Iraq. The whole-genome sequence of this strain is
deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank under the
accession number NZ_AICW01000000. In this study, the genome features and the molecular
phylogenetic tree of Act. iraqiensis IQ-H1are analyzed. The RAST tool was used for genome
annotation. The genomic features were elucidated using QUAST tool. The circular genome
map, and the core and pan-genome map of Act. iraqiensis IQ-H1 was generated using
CGView and the GView tools respectively. The JSpeciesWS server was used for the
tetranucleotide signature analysis and the REALPHY server was utilized for the construction
of the whole genome sequence based phylogenetic tree. The genome size of the strain was
around 4.0 Mpb and the number of contigs was 110 with a GC content of 70.46%. The core
genome of Act. iraqiensis IQ-H1 was estimated to be 2.2 Mpb. Based on z-scores of the
tetranucleotide signature analysis, Act. halophila DSM 43834, Act. mortivallis DSM 44261
and Act. saharensis DSM 45459 were the most relative strains to Act. iraqiensis IQ-H1with zscores 0.99784, 0.98943 and 0.99789 respectively. Based on the phylogenetic tree constructed
from the whole genome sequences, Act. iraqiensis IQ-H1 was the most closely related to Act.
saharensis DSM 45459, Act. halophila DSM 43834 and Act. mortivallis DSM 44261. The
results suggest that the web-based bioinformatics tools such as QUAST, CGView, GView,
JSpeciesWS and REALPHY can be utilized for the analysis of the genomic features of Act.
iraqiensis IQ-H1 and other species of the genus Actinopolyspora.

Osteoporosis is described as sickness due to fading bone mass and microarchitecture
spoilage of bone tissue leads to consolidation bone fragility and increase risk of fracture. The
relationship between osteoporosis and thyroid is important by of the skeleton bones in turnout
of circulating physical thyroid hormone and TSH condensation to reduced bone mineral loss
in osteoporosis patients, also researcher derives that hormone thyroid and TSH scale increased
bone resorption, by increase bone mineral deposition. (110) patients female transfer from
provincial and civilian habitation, their ages between (55-75) years old, they pay a visit to
DEXA station to measure the density. The samples of blood after diagnosis of disease were
taken, then the thyroid hormones were gauged by the modern VIDAS automated quantitative
device according to the methods which assay serum or plasma. The outcome appeared to
decrease significantly (p≤0.05) in TSH, T3, and T4 in osteoporosis women compared with
healthy women, also no significant changes occur between housing status. Thyroid hormones
have significant changes in osteoporosis women matched with good health women in Iraq /
Basra province.

Breast cancer becomes a major threat to female health, many reports refer to a high incidence of breast cancer in Iraq; especially, in the last years. The micro RNA-370 molecules
have not been reported in Iraqi cancer patients. Our objective in this study was to identify the
expression of micro RNA-370 molecules in breast cancer patients as an early detection biomarker of breast tumors and detect its relation with clinicopathological characters of breast
cancer patients. Fifty fresh tissue samples were collected from benign and malignant breast
patients in addition to ten normal tissue samples collected as a control group, the age ranged
was(19 - 77) years for patients. The miR-370 gene expression level was measured by the
quantitative real-time reaction (qRT-PCR). Our results demonstrate a high expression ofmiR370 in benign and malignant tissues. The miR‑370 expression level was inversely correlated with the age of the patients. It was a significant relation of miR‑370 gene expression on
the left side of breast malignant (p- 0.05). In conclusion, significantly associated with high
miR-370 expression were found depending on age, tumor location, tumor type, and stage of
differentiation. The upregulation of miR-370 gene expression in benign lesions and breast
cancer tissue can be applied as a biomarker for early breast cancer detection.

Ceruloplasmin is considered the main copper transport protein which is proposed to have a
role in cancer. Ceruloplasmin is an acute phase reactant and antioxidant enzyme, has been
found to be increased in sera of patients with several types of cancers including breast cancer.
The aim of present study was to determine of ceruloplasmin oxidase activity, specific activity,
iron concentration in sera of patients with breast cancer and comparing with healthy group,
and the ability of using enzyme as a tumor marker for breast cancer.
This study was performed from November 2018 to January 2019, blood samples were
collected from breast cancer patients in Nanakeli Hospital in Erbil city. Study was included
(65) female patients with breast cancer and (20) healthy donors as control group.
Ceruloplasmin activity, specific activity, serum total protein concentration, serum total iron
concentration levels were estimated for all samples by colorimetric methods.
The results shown that there was a significant increase in ceruloplasmin activity level for
patients with breast cancer ( 227.8 U/L) compared with control group (101.1 U/L) while total
protein level for breast cancer patients (6.592 g/dl) showed no significant change compared
to control group(7.127 g/dL) likewise the result shown that there was a significant increase in
specific activity of ceruloplasmin and total iron concentration level for patients with breast
cancer (34.74 U/mg) (334.2 mg/dl) compared to control group (14.14 U/mg) (128.6 mg/dl)
The conclusion of this study was the concentration of ceruloplasmin activity, serum total iron
concentration and specific activity of ceruloplasmin significantly increase in breast cancer
patients while total protein level revealed no significant change.
Serum ceruloplasmin oxidase activity and specific activity were highly significant elevated in
patient group when compared with control group. Also the total iron concentration results
showed significant increasing (P˂0.0001) between of patient with breast cancer and control
group

n this paper, a new procedure is introduced to estimate the solution for the three-point
boundary value problem which is instituted on the use of Morgan-Voyce polynomial. In the
beginning, Morgan-Voyce polynomial along with their important properties is introduced.
Next, this polynomial with aid of the collocation method utilized to modify the differential
equation with boundary conditions to the algebraic system. Finally, the examples approve the
validity and accuracy of the proposed method.

Big data usually running in large-scale and centralized key management systems.
However, the centralized key management systems are increasing the problems such as
single point of failure, exchanging a secret key over insecure channels, third-party query,
and key escrow problem. To avoid these problems, we propose an improved certificatebased encryption scheme that ensures data confidentiality by combining symmetric and
asymmetric cryptography schemes. The combination can be implemented by using the
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH). The
proposed scheme is an enhanced version of the Certificate-Based Encryption (CBE) scheme
and preserves all its advantages. However, the key generation process in our scheme has
been done without any intervention from the certificate issuer and avoiding the risk of
compromised CA. The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) has been used
with the ECDH to handle the authentication of the key exchange. The proposed scheme is
demonstrated on a big dataset of social networks. The scheme is analyzed based on secur