Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

Hand authentication is one of an important biometric authentication technique. In this paper a method for verification is proposed depending on the features that exist in the hand which can easily extracted using the invariant moment. Hand shape can be used for authentication because of the two important properties uniqueness, and stability. From these two important characteristics it became easier to recognize one person from another depending on the features of each one. It is important to extract those features from the hand of a person by using one of the features extraction methods, where the invariant moment method was used to extract those features. Using these features an authentication system depending on a hand shape known as (HAS) was designed, implemented, and tested.
Keywords: Biometric, Authentication, hand shape, computer security, personal authentication, and Invariant Moment.

In this paper we will explain, how to use Bayesian procedure in White method to estimate the reliability function for weibull distribution as a new method suggested, depending on natural conjugate prior p.d.f and to compare Bayesian estimator with Least Square estimator for White method by using simulation procedure

The research aims to measure the effect of training costs on the quality of products for Babil liquid batteries plant NO.(1) through out the training courses costs that are held inside and outside the factory , and to show the training affect for better quality performance to reduce the number of defected units.
The hypothesis of this research " Expending on quality training according to well planned training courses will decrease the defective units number & costs & reducing the production costs to get better profits and to increase the company,s share market " .
Some statistical methods were used to analyse the failure causes in the productive divisions , and these methods are " paretto analyse " & " cause & effect diagram " to show the main reasons for the arising of defects to cure them and to reach the required quality for the units.

With much data on the web, it can be difficult, frustrating, and seemingly impossible to find the exact information you need. There are many powerful search utilities on the web are called search engines, in addition to the visitor tracking in a web to study exactly the behavior of the web visitors, to improve the efficiency of that web. This research concentrates on a particular aspect, which is applying Data mining technique especially by association analysis algorithm on the encrypted web log files, that to ensure the privacy of the original data for these files. So since the input data introduced to mining algorithm is encrypted then the resulted association rules are encrypted that to ensure the privacy of the extracted knowledge. Then analyze the decrypted web log data file for the web usage, to study the visitor tracking. According to this study the server configurations and all the services will be improved.

The study is built on a basic assumption stated that paradigms are vary with international environments because of their variation in knowledge components . The study has concentrated on seeking forces upon scientific thought , as the most important psychological processes , which the scientific community individuals depended upon interpreting phenomena with predicting their relationships and future effects .
These interpretations are considered as a major behavior of paradigms .
According to this study, paradigms are the sources of forces on a scientific thought, which basically, begins with the epistemology background of the scientific community individuals and their initial factors that are formed by cultural and social geneses .
Paradigms are restricted by the political, legal and economic forces of that environment and activated by other forces such as social needs and requirements, technological development or economic crises . In addition to the nature of a basic scientific Knowledge which scientific community individuals depend on them in recognizing fields of science .

A new control strategy is implemented on a heat exchanger model using fault tolerant control (FTC) based on fault detection and isolation (FDI) techniques. The approach is used in implementing this strategy, namely on-line fault tolerant control. This approach is based on using state feedback technique in the design of the gain matrix. A heat exchanger, which represents a subsystem of many industrial systems is used to verify the ability of the proposed fault tolerant methods to compensate for all faults that may take place. The proposed FTC indicates that once FDI is applied, then effect of the fault on the system is reduced, thus preventing the need for any sudden stoppage of the system. The FDI unit is usually contained within the Fault tolerant control, hence enabling the continuous operation of the system close to nominal operating conditions.

Educational organizations can be considered as a milestone in sustainable development. Leaders of colleges can play a critical role in achieving success and effectiveness. The importance of this study comes up from its focusing on leaders' strategies which deal with organizational conflict. A scale has been designed to identify these strategies, the sample was (64) deans and their deputies of some colleges at the seven largest universities in Libya .Study has found that cooperation strategy is the most common, followed by competition strategy, and at last avoidance strategy. Study has also found no significant relationship between conflict strategies and organizational, individual variables. Finally some recommendations to motivate managing conflict according to contemporary organizational perspective have been set up in light of conclusions

Wear involves the losses of some material from the surface and leads to the surface roughness. In the present work, the influence of surface roughness on the dynamic stall of a rotary wing section in subsonic flow has been investigated with different degree of surface roughness. The airfoil surface roughness was estimated using arithmetic mean roughness value (ISO-4287/1). For this purpose an indicial response method for unsteady, two dimensional flow is used to calculating the unsteady lift and pitching moment of NACA 0012 airfoil undergoing a pitching oscillation in the deep dynamic stall regime. Using the ANSYS-5.8 software as a source for the preliminary static data that required by the indicial method. The investigation is done through a number of test cases with different mean angles of attack, amplitude and reduced frequencies for airfoil oscillating around its quarter chord axis. The results include the time dependent behaviour and hysteresis loops of the lift and pitching moment for the airfoil with different degree of surface roughness. For rough airfoil an aerodynamic characteristic showed a reduction in the lift coefficient, separation point moved forward to the leading edge, the boundary layer reattachment take place at smaller angle of attack, the stall angle decrease and the pitching moment coefficient decrease as compared with smoother airfoil. So the periodic test must be done and re-coating the rotary wing if the surface roughness increased.

A key issue for implementing an accurate speech recognition system is the set of acoustic features extracted from speech signal. This paper presents two techniques for comparison. The first technique converts successfully the speech signal from (1-D) into two dimensional (2-D) forms. Next, the 2-D Multiwalidlet transform is applied to each 2-D signal. The second used transformation which is 3D-Multiwavelet (DMWT). For this transform set of speakers spoke the same word which arranged as slices of 2-D signals in acoustic space. These speakers represented the word as 3-D signal. The techniques apply the neural network as a classifier and dealing with text-dependent and text-independent speech recognition. The works are tested upon a database which consist of (28) speakers and uttered 7 Arabic words for each one.
It was compared with first technique which gave the result (85.71%-100%), the second gave (71.43%-100%). It is clear that first give much better performance than the second one.

The heart of expert system is the knowledge base that determines the power of expert system and search engine space. The one important form of this knowledge is the production rule. The premises of these rules are the heart of production rules, therefore, the reduction of these premises is very useful to reduce the time and space in search engine. In this paper an approach will be presented to reduce the premises of production rules using association rules algorithm especially Apriori algorithm. Applying this approach gives a logical premise reduction which plays a good role in the search engine.

There is a need to determine nuclear level densities since experiments that defect nuclear level densities can not observe some of these densities, because of experimental limitations. The missed level could be calculated using standard correction of Porter-Thomas width distribution. A method that could determine the distance between levels distribution was developed. This method was applied to nuclear resonance data sets.
There was a good agreement between the calculated results and those from literatures of experimented data.