AL Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences

Abstract:
The problem of poverty is considered of the issues that received a great
attention and focus on the international level. Therefore, the concept of poverty
could indicate many tendencies that exceeds the low income limit. It refers to
deprivation of the basic services meaning that the problem of poverty is a one
which cannot be considered within one dimension of the dimensions of human
life. In spite of the fact that the income is considered the most important one of
the dimensions of poverty, but it shows only a partial image of the more
complicated human life. Therefore, the aim of this study is to direct light towards
the reality of poverty and the status of living in Al-Najaf governorate through
previewing the concepts of poverty. The most significant indicators of poverty
and the living status and analyzing the economic and social properties then
devising policies and programs to limit poverty in the governorate. The research
reached several conclusions and recommendations

Abstract :
After four decades of state and the public sector control on the various joints
of the economy and crowding out the growing private sector in addition to the
entry of Iraq in three wars, it makes sense to translate these events that lead to
economic and social distortions in the Iraq economy. this prompted the
government to adopt a policy of support and intervention, which in many times
carries it a huge burden constitute pressure on the state budget and all that comes
within the framework of the possibility of achieving and attaining welfare of the
citizens .
However, we find that the economic welfare in Iraq is not measured by the
degree of economic development or quality of life levels concerning health and
education, but it is measured by combining the Gini coefficient and the average
per capita income . the arrival of economic welfare level in Iraq to a high level, it
dose not mean that the citizen luxuriantly from all sides, but in terms of
consumption linked to developments in monetary income .
That the spending policy in Iraq must be based on the increase in capital
expenditures because it leads to the expansion of production capacities and
increase production and economic growth to increase the sustainability and
economic welfare of Iraqi society .

Abstract
The recruitment policy is part of public policy and economic policy of the state, where he
forced the state to create jobs for the unemployed and researchers, who are able to work through
a set of actions that aim to recruit people with the right skills, whether technical or personal in
order to meet current and future production and service projects needs of quality and quantity ,
to fill the jobs.
For the participation of a wide variety and all parties to the production process, and political
commitment to a strong and widespread acceptance by the parties concerned, which should have
a role in the recruitment policies as the government and the Ministry of Labour and the
parliament of the Supreme National Commission for Employment and the private sector, as well
as an action plan for the implementation of employment policy and that there be a follow-up
and evaluation of the implementation of that policy, in addition it should have a review at every
stage of its implementation and to be that policy funding to implement them, and there is an
important goal for the employment policies is the participation of public and private sector in
employment, training and rehabilitation to fit with the labor market requirements , so
Government employment, selection and polarization in order of appointment is crucial that it
aims to appoint persons as is necessary to enable skills in order to achieve the goals and
objectives of the institutions or economic projects in quantity and quality, to create jobs and that
the policy expires choosing the person be appropriate right place.
The employment policies that help in the national development of human resources and
labor management and software market and create a legislative environment for investment and
trade and sectoral appropriate employment opportunities for workers and new entrants to the
labor market, especially young people and women and through effective social dialogue
enhances the ability of individuals to use so that they can meet current and future needs . The
recruitment of manpower poses great importance depending on the demand for goods and
services that it produces the manpower.

Abstract

Scientific research reflect the value and quality of ideas and views, data and information that serve the state and society. Lead to the creation of a particular product new, or to improve the quality of this product in the industrial enterprises whether in the public or private sector. . Or this research lead to add new information on economic, social or cultural phenomena helping the decision maker in action is a deliberate process leading to the attainment rates in sustainable development. But the problem in a country such as Iraq and perhaps even in many Arab countries will continue to be faced by the researchers is not to enable the research institutions of the transfer their point of view to the decision maker. Access to the level of initiative taken by the officials of the Department of state to support the researchers and motivate them to exert more efforts in research and development.

This search try to review of the reality of scientific research in the Arab States and comparing it with the other countries to indicate the size of the gap between the two parties, and then trying to review the most prominent obstacles faced the Arab researchers and how to overcome it

Absract

Seen Islamic investment as a reconstruction of the land and development and investment of resources the best investment out of worship in invest the money and moved in different investment areas devoid of prohibitions legitimacy such as usary , fraud and hazard , and to preserve the money and in order to achieve profit and minimize risk, and investment is not profit but it is a way to make a profit , all the faces Investment shall be permitted as provided deprive did not want it, and represents the obligation to cover the investment necessary economic activities of the community to achieve development as one controls the Islamic approach, any obligation to cover all economic and social activities, and there are a number of criteria that Islamic investment control to achieve the desired goals, which is regarded as the man successor God in the land, including the Islamic economy is linked to faith and the individual when resurrection of economic activity is the worshiper and the worshiped, the investment is one of the most important economic activities based on the ideological aspects, and consistent all economic activities on the investment of financial resources and the need to develop in order to make use of them in the creation of benefit or increased

Facing oil policy in Saudi Arabia internal and external challenges that could have a significant impact on the status of Saudi Arabia as a leader in the global oil markets and the most important of these challenges transmission oil demand from west to east, as well as the role of Saudi Arabia Kmtgm mainly in the availability of the quantities of oil in the world that could fall due to storage Oil and non-traditional ways unprecedented in North America and increased consumption of oil in Saudi Arabia without any controls would threaten its position in the global oil markets and increasing Iraqi oil production could limit the control of the Saudi Organization for oil-producing countries of OPEC. There are in Saudi Arabia (49) oil field and (28) gas field and, in Iraq there are (73) oil field with no development only (15) field is Iraqi oil is the cheapest globally in terms of the cost required for its development, production and proximity to markets Asthlakyin namely Europe through ports Mediterranean and Asia through ports of the Arabian Gulf, and the estimated proven reserves of crude oil in Iraq about (4.141) billion barrels, Saudi Arabia, estimated proven reserves of crude oil around (4.265) billion barrels in 2013.

Abstract
The farming cooperative associations form an effective means for the
advancement of the agricultural sector, due to being one of the elements of
agricultural policy, which play an important role in the development of
agricultural production, both plant and animal, as well as in the development
process in Iraq, especially for rural development, and through it the rural
community can be organized and increase its productivity, and then improve the
income of the farmer and his social position. Iraq is one of the countries that has
paid attention to the agricultural cooperative associations from issuing the
agrarian reform law
which was followed by others. These laws emphasized the need for such
collaborative work in the agricultural sector and the establishment of farming
cooperative societies which practice various agricultural economic activities both
in terms of agricultural production ,or agricultural equipment, or credit and
cooperative marketing, and farm mechanization services and others. However,
the agricultural cooperative
associations role remained limited and did not ascend to the level of ambition
in the development of the agricultural sector reality, this is due to the many
obstacles prevent, including the lack of attention and government support, and a
lack of managerial competencies in addition to a lack of funding and other
constraints

Abstract
The current research aims to reveal the relationship and impact between psychological engineering and cognitive work productivity
At the level of a sample of Asia Cell Mobile Communications Company in Iraq, based on a main problem diagnosed
With several questions that included the extent of awareness of the relationship and impact between the variables in the field, and to root the philosophical foundations, the research model (2014) was adopted to measure (& Joey, 2015) Yazdanifard, which is consistent with the model (Gardner, the research model) Psychological engineering, which consists of four dimensions (familiarity, sensory awareness, thinking results, behavioral flexibility)
A table was made to display the opinions of many researchers in determining the dimensions of cognitive work productivity, and five dimensions were chosen
Representing the highest rates of agreement among researchers in measuring cognitive work productivity (continuous innovation, continuous learning and training, formation Knowledge, knowledge workers, enhancing the knowledge work environment).

The questionnaire was adopted as a main tool in collecting research data and information, in addition to some personal interviews with sample members who represented a group of leaders and followers in Zain Iraq Company. The research sample numbered (225) individuals, distributed as follows: (34) leaders (board members, department and branch managers, and authorized director)

and (191) followers, in the governorates of (Baghdad, Najaf, Karbala, Babylon, Qadisiyah). For the purpose of analysis and statistical processing, the research used the descriptive analytical approach as a research methodology. These methods were used on

The research reached many conclusions, which were. (SPSS V. Statistical Programming Method (22
The most important of these is the interest of leaders and followers in Asia Cell Communications Company, the research sample, in the psychological engineering system, which is considered one of the relatively modern systems that have been taken into work and blended its goals and foundations with many concepts and foundations of other systems and extracted the result of this blending that aims to create a more advanced system to work with, and psychological engineering works primarily on the composition of the human psyche and dealing with it through practical means and methods that influence perception, perception, ideas, feelings, and thus human behavior, skills, and performance, which would enhance the factors that contribute to supporting knowledge makers and their ability to form knowledge, which has become a strategic resource and a competitive weapon that constitutes an effective force in building organizations based on the use of cognitive resources through the availability of distinguished minds With its intelligence and ability to invest the remaining resources and harness them for the benefit of expanding the competitive pillar of business organizations, as building an intellectual base represents a major challenge for senior management to prepare a knowledge environment that has a major role in building and directing the dimensions of knowledge work in order to enhance and increase the productivity of knowledge work.

Abstract
The aim of current study is to reveals the role of Environmental Uncertainty in
Strategic Entrepreneurship – Strategic Adaptation Relationship at Cellular
Telecommunications firms in Jordan; through identify the effect of Strategic
Entrepreneurship and Environmental Uncertainty on Strategic Adaptation at Cellular
Telecommunications firms in Jordan, and identify the effect of Strategic
Entrepreneurship on Strategic Adaptation at Cellular Telecommunications firms in
Jordan through Environmental Uncertainty.
The study depends on descriptive and analytical methodize using the practical
manner; study sample consists of Managers & head of section working in Cellular
Telecommunications firms at Jordan amounted (73). A major study finding there is a
significant statistical effect of Strategic Entrepreneurship & environmental uncertainty
on Strategic Adaptation at Cellular Telecommunications firms in Jordan at (α ≤ 0.05)
level, there is a significant statistical effect of Strategic Entrepreneurship on Strategic
Adaptation at Cellular Telecommunications firms in Jordan through environmental
0.05) level.

Abstract
The topic of strategic alignment is one of the important topics in the strategic thinking of business organizations, through which organizations can have the ability to achieve their strategic goals by performing comprehensive strategic alignment that ensures that the organization's departments and employees work together to achieve the company's declared goals.
Strategic alignment is represented in spreading the spirit of agreement, consistency and affection among colleagues on the one hand, and working in harmony to communicate with customers, partners, colleagues and committees responsible for organizing work on the other hand. The process of achieving alignment in all areas, including the work environment, contributes to eliminating work problems and making work times more fun and comfortable, in addition to creating a calm and stable work atmosphere, lasting impressions and joyful feelings. On the contrary, the absence of strategic alignment affects the work environment and causes negative experiences accompanied by impressions and feelings against the development and achievement of the organization’s goals. Therefore, this research addressed the independent variable, which is strategic alignment with its five dimensions (communications, governance, the company, infrastructure, skills), and organizational success with its five dimensions (resources, structure, management, process, knowledge management), as this research was applied to a sample of employees in (College of Urban Planning/University of Kufa). The research wanted to emphasize that strategic alignment cannot be achieved through friendly relations between organizations or between employees in them, but rather through the cultural foundations of the organization's external strategies and its rules for working internally, and that interest in this topic is an objective fact that qualifies for friendly relations internationally, as strategic alignment is one of the actual steps taken Organizations in their natural course to eliminate weakness in internal and external dealings of the work environment, and work to address weaknesses in it and confront all contradictions and problems that may arise in the work environment and the ability to enhance and protect sustainable development and the ability to exploit available resources within ongoing and strategically protected plans supported by unifying visions among the organization's leaders in a work environment built on mutual trust, equality, cooperation, coordination, respect for others and the pursuit of joint development, which together constitute the spirit called for by the strategic alignment that helps in success, stability and development so that organizational management can keep pace with the rapid change occurring in today's competitive work environment and can achieve organizational goals that will work to achieve competitive advantage. Accordingly, there must be a conscious organizational management, based on a senior management that works to convey constructive and creative ideas in a way that contributes effectively to achieving what the worker aspires to in his work environment through the strength and intelligence of senior management and its role in achieving organizational success. The research reached the most important conclusion, which is that strategic alignment and compatibility in the work environment expresses the principle of enjoyment that makes workers feel comfortable and perform the tasks assigned to them with high fluidity, and thus is reflected in the strength of performance at work.

Abstract
The purpose of this research to determine the optimal portfolio in the Iraq Stock
Exchange, has covered the research time period of «2012-2008» was selected sample of
her community of special contribution listed in Iraq Stock Exchange companies, as has
been chosen «21» companies operating in the market financial Iraqi industrial sector
entirely, that the necessary data are available to search for. The importance of research
in framing the intellectual and practical approach can be guided by the Iraqi investors
and analysts securities to manage their investment portfolios consisting of securities to
address the problem of the research of the statement of how the formation of the
investment portfolio best in the sector, and the adoption of a set of mathematical and
statistical laws and other indicators to analyze corporate data covered by the research.
The research found a set of conclusions which, according to the terms of the formation
of the portfolio-based efficient companies mainly to be selected within the investment
portfolio that gives back Cbr which give it the rest of the securities available or
industrial companies in this research, which carry the same amount of risk or less so the
correlation matrix between the returns generated for each company where, which is
mostly declining support confidence Search efficient as contained in the portfolio of
companies according to what it says Marcotaz about his focus on verified the
correlation coefficient between the returns, and also in terms of its impact on the return
on each portfolio and risks .

Abstract
The research aims to reach that how to achieve Organizational superiority
through development of human capital and Belding the culture of employee's
excellent performance . the Ministry of Oil in Baghdad Was selected to applied
the field study. the field research problem was that there are Challenges facing
the Ministry of Oil such as Quickly to changes in the external environment and
the emergence of the knowledge economy which requires an administration
capable of building a culture of excellence in employees performance and
Organizational superiority by developing Human capital. the questionnaire was
adopted as a main tool to collect data and information, and distributed to a
random sample of ( 86) managers. The research includes a set of assumptions
that illustrate the correlation and effect relationships between variables. some
statistical methods was reached set of results Perhaps the most important human
capital is increasing its influence in Organizational superiority through the
mediation of performance Excellence' the most important recommendations is
encourage innovation and new ideas and experience in the work for the purpose
of obtaining new methods to solve problems and develop performance to reach
excellence.

Abstract
The research in order to identify the impact of talent management practices
through its dimensions (to attract talent, talent development, performance
management talent, maintaining the talent) in the promotion of mental position.
Included a sample of employees in the banking Iraqi Union and the Commercial
Gulf, was chosen as the workers in the branches of Iraqi Union Bank (Najaf,
Karbala and Kut), and workers in the branches of Commercial Gulf Bank (Najaf,
Alhuda, and Alforat Al Awsat), and used the questionnaire a major source in the
collection Remember, as distributed (80) to identify and retrieve (75) the
identification is correct, an increase of recovery (93%), were constructing a
model my relationships, and then test the relationships between variables using
the package Statistical for Social Sciences (SPSS V.20), and included four
research axes ensure the first scientific methodology and devote the second
theoretical framework, and the third ensures presentation and analysis of results,
then came the fourth axis introduces a set of conclusions and recommendations

Abstract:
Artificial neural networks is one of the most important areas of artificial
intelligence, which reflects an important development in the way of human
thinking. However the evolution of those methods have evolved scored, as well
as their use of the results compared to other methods.
Here We will use artificial neural networks as a way to predict the optimal
statistical comparison means (linear trend and boot exponential) and the use of
Neuroshell Predictor program in neural network and data entry and weights
training.
As it will be through research to prove the use of optimization model of
artificial neural networks in the simulation actually important as a tool of

Abstract
SAI may be able to assist strategic decision-makers within the government as
the audited economic, environmental and social areas and Institutional then the
progress that has been made through the development of indicators with
objectives, as research is based on the premise that disclosure of the results of the
analysis of indicators of sustainable development within its dimensions
economic, social and environmental and institutional) by the supreme organ of
financial and accounting control helps in making wise decisions that keeps the
needs of current and future generations, as it ensures research analyzing the
results of the sustainable development of the Republic of Iraq indicators and
comparing the Millennium Development Goals and with the strategic plan and
the search is over a set of conclusions and recommendations

Abstract
The study aims to adopt the fair value approach in the disclosure of the fixed
assets of companies to enable the auditor of full disclosure on the accounts of
those companies regarding fixed assets and the possibility of contributing actors
in the rationalization of its provisions to the financial statements and building his
personal rule on according to the foundations of logical disclosure be closer to
reality. It was through the adoption of market value approach, which is
considered one of the entrances to the fair value of the company's assets in the
evaluation of the study sample for ease of data on the availability of those assets
and re-evaluated in the light of this approach by adopting the evaluation of
relevant experts for similar assets.
The study concluded that "the adoption of fair value approach impact to
express of the opinion of the auditor in the rationalize of the professional
provisions to confers credence more on the his professional opinion", and ended
with a set of recommendations was the most important "the need to find auditing
evidence within the Iraqi audit evidence concerning the fair value of fixed assets,
and the need for the auditor take advantage of the application of those evidence
in the professional rationalization of its provisions".