Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

The increasing use of computers and the Internet to commit crimes and to record criminal activities has lead to a corresponding demand for skills and knowledge in how best to recognize the occurrence of a computer crime, and how best to investigate.
This paper will discuss the need for computer forensics to be practiced in an effective and legal way, outline basic technical issues, and point to references for further reading. It promotes the idea that the competent practice of computer forensics and awareness of applicable laws is essential for today’s networked organizations.
Computer forensics can be defined as the collection, preservation, and analysis and court presentation of computer-related evidence. Computer forensics is a relatively new, but growing, of study at the undergraduate college and university level. This paper describes some of the course design and selection aspects of teaching computer forensics as program in computer science and law.

The NP-completeness of flow shops scheduling problems has been discussed for many years. Hence many heuristics have been proposed to obtain solutions of good quality with a small computational effort. The CDS (Campbell et al) and NEH (Nawaz, Enscore and Ham) heuristics are efficient among meta-heuristics such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA).
This paper discusses some methods and suggests new developing to the methods of the scheduling in flow shop to minimize makespan problems. Our main object in this paper, from one side, is to improve efficient heuristics which will be better than the existing heuristics given in the literature and yield solutions within a short time like Simple Heuristic Methods (SHM) and the First Heuristic Decreasing Arrange (DR). From other side, we apply two local search methods like GA and PSO algorithms on flow shop problems.
Experimental analysis has been given of the performance of the proposed heuristics and local search methods with the relative efficient existing heuristics.

Targeted current research to analyze and measure the level of application of the principles of corporate governance in the Iraqi companies and the impact of the application of these principles in the access of the true value of the shares in these companies through a poll of investors in the Iraqi market for securities, and to achieve the objectives of the research has been distributing a questionnaire to the investors in the Iraqi market for securities numbered (50) individuals. Was also used averages and standard deviations to identify the level of application of the principles of governance and its impact on access to the true value of the shares, and also used correlations and regression and statistical tests to test the research hypotheses.
The research found a set of results was the most prominent of the commitment of the companies listed in the Iraqi market for securities apply the principles of corporate governance implicitly without the presence of regulations or laws governing the application from the viewpoint of investors, as well as to the existence of correlation is positive and significant and the relationship of the impact of positive and significant between the obligation to apply the following principles corporate governance and access to the true value per share.

This paper implemented very reliable technique which is called the Tanh method for solving evolution equations. The Tanh method has been successfully tested on two important Kawahara and modified Kawahara equations. The calculations demonstrate the effectiveness and convenience of Tanh method for solving nonlinearPDEs.

In this work, we have transformed the multivariate to unitevariate system, and studied the elimination and duplication matrices, using proposed approach depends on some algebra principle. And, a connection has been made between these two matrices with each of the ( υec ) and ( υ ) operators for matrices.
Several examples are given to illustrate the applications which is used to define and specialize the elimination and duplication matrices.

Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) systems are used widely in stream cipher systems field. Golomb used the recurrence relation to find the next state values of single LFSR depending on initial values, s.t. he can be considered the first who can construct a linear equations system of a single LFSR. Attacking of key generator means attempt to find the initial values of the combined LFSR's.
In this paper, a Golomb's method introduced to construct a linear equations system of a single LFSR. This method developed to construct a linear equations system of key generator (a LFSR system) where the effect of combining function of LFSR is obvious. Finally, before solving the linear equations system, the uniqueness of the solution must be tested, then solving the linear equations system using one of the classical methods like Gauss Elimination. Find the solution of linear equations system means find the initial values of the generator. One of the known generators; Modified Bruer generator, treated as a practical example of this work.

Human rights and his main freedoms are considered one of the gifts given by the lord (Allah) to man who gets such privileges over all creatures. Such privileges become one of the basic pillars on which the free democratic systems are based and become also the fixed constitutional origins in very civilized democratic country. The criteria of the international criminal justice represent real guarantees to ensure the human rights (the accused charged ) and his basic freedom . for the man is in a sone need to be respected when he is charged or Accused .
The practical value of the human rights and his basic freedoms is essentially needed in the police station, jails and arrest centers. In order to ensure the respect of the needed rights in arresting or jailing, the criteria of the international criminal justice become one of the basics that the international community protect through the different international conventions. That is why we find that the national law writer did not only mention them in the normal laws, punishment laws and the law of criminal courts but also mention them in the core of the

In this paper estimation methods were studied for the reliability function of stand by system by Weibull distribution . Maximum likelihood and bayes method were applied in estimation . To compare between these methods, simulation study was applied by the statistical indicator ,mean squared error (MSE) for different size.

This paper is devoted to introduce and study many topological properties of s*-convergence of nets and s*-convergence of filters by using the concept of s*-open sets, also some properties of s*-cluster points of nets and filters has been studied

This research has been conducted to measure the extent to which optimistic–pessimistic outlook is existing among Administration and Economics / University of Mustansiriya students and how it varies between them according to gender (male/female). To approach the targeted objectives of the research, applied Optimism – Pessimism scale to 300 mixed sample of university student statistical treatments of the collected data revealed that about tow thirds of the sample or exactly 194,i.e 74.9% range between optimistic and moderate pessimistic positions. This attitude predominates among 62.7% males and 37.3% females .
The number of the group that expressed excessive optimism amounts to only 104 students (14.7%) divided into 54% males and 46% . Nearly two-thirds of the research sample, the number of (194) individuals,. The rest of the sample by (27) students, an increase (10.4%) of the total sample are characterized by extreme pessimism. And (38) students, an increase (14.7%) of the total sample are characterized by extreme optimism.
As can be seen approaching ratios of males and females in the moderate-level of optimism - pessimism, as was the proportion of pessimism - optimism moderate amount (70.8% vs. 80.9%) for males and females respectively, while the proportion of males greater than the percentages of females in the pessimistic extreme, and even bigger than females in extreme optimism, as the figures were respectively (13% versus 6.7%) and in the extreme pessimism (16.2% vs. 12.4%) in the extreme optimism.

Let H be an infinite dimensional separable complex Hilbert space and let B(H) be the algebra of bounded liners operators in H.
Let A,BB(H), the generalized Jordan *-derivations JA,B :B(H) B(H) is defined by:
JA,B(X) =XA BX*, XB(H)
In this paper we study some properties of the range of generalized Jordan *-derivations, which is represented by RA,B, and defined by:
RA,B={XABX*: XB(H)}.

Maxillary midline diastemas are a common esthetic problem that dentists must treat. This study was performed to quantify the width of median diastema and level of bone crest and to determine the type of inter-maxillary suture, familial prevalence, spacing in upper anterior region, axial inclination of upper centeral incisors, and low frenal attachment as the most contributing factors associated with median diastema. A standardized periapical radiographs using a paralleling technique with a film holder were taken to the (99) maxillary and/or mandibular centeral incisors with median diastema and to the (85) maxillary incisors with no diastema as a control group in adults with age range from 18-25 years old. Diastema width between 0.5-1 mm has a higher percent while diastema above 2 mm has a least percent. There is a non-significant difference in the level of alveolar crest of central incisor in both control and diastema groups. Type I intermaxillary suture type was the most common in control group while type II and III were the most common in diastema. There is a relationship between spacing and type of intermaxillary suture which can use as an indicator for the persistence of diastema from childhood in addition to familial history while frenum may has no effective role in developing median diastema. Axial inclination of central incisors is one of important factors that should be taken in consideration during treatment of median diastema

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the incidence of histologic types of mandibular ameloblastoma in Anbar Province and its radiographic appearance in respect to age and site.
Study design: Aprospective study was conducted in Anbar Province on 38 patients whose ages ranged from 18- 54 years (28 males and 10 females) with radiologically and histologically confirmed ameloblastoma of mandible from November 2008- August 2011. Patients were treated in Maxillofacial Surgery Department/ College of Dentistry/ Anbar University and Maxillofacial Unit of Ramadi Teaching Hospital. According to investigations, each type and location of the tumor was matched radiologically and histologically with age and site. All cases were surgically treated by resection of the mandible and enucleation of the tumor with or without bone graft.
Results: Radiologically, 55% of casees presented as unilocular and 45% as multilocular. Histologically, cases appeared as follicular (37%) and plexiform (42%) in younger age groups, while in older patients they were acanthomatous (21%).
Conclusion: Follicular and plexiform ameloblastomas occur in younger patients and more frequently in the posterior part of the jaws. In contrast, the acanthomatous ameloblastoma is found in older patients and frequently more anterior than other types.