Al-Rafidain University College For Sciences

The future Forecasting is the most important item for preparing the Traffic accidents in Iraq.
Box & Jenkins models gives a good results to the fact through applications have been done within this research among periodical accidents series which shows that the results are likely the fact of next years.

Association rules mining is the main task of data mining. It consists of two compulsory steps, the first step is discovery of frequent itemsets, and the second one is extracting the rules from the mined frequent itemsets. The first step is massive computational step. There are many algorithms presented to complete this step, but all of these algorithms are variations of the Apriori algorithm, which is the state of the art. Apriori requires a priori knowledge to generate the frequent itemsets and involves two time-consuming pruning steps to exclude the infrequent candidates and hold frequents. The first pruning operation is degenerating each of the (k+1)-itemsets to its k-itemset subsets. The second pruning operation is support counting for each candidate passed the first exam.
This research improves Apriori algorithm by pruning its pruning steps. It abridges the pruning steps to TID lists intersection and items union operations by taming the problem of frequent itemsets mining to lattice theory. It excludes the neediness to multi-scanning the database; instead, it scans the database only once.
Keywords: Data Mining, Association Rules, Apriori Algorithm, Lattice

The generalized repeated measures model is the model in which each individual receive a number of treatments such that the observations in these models are dependent and the Measurements for each subject distributed as a multivariate with r-dimensions with unspecified variance-covariance matrix. The purpose of this method is to summarize the result of simulation study to compare some of nonparametric Methods as well as the parametric method for repeated measures designs for one- way generalized model to test the null hypothesis that there is no differences between treatments effects for three treatments and more and to clarify these methods by applying data of an actual experiment on them as well as present the suggested method and compare their results

Speech synthesis is one of the major areas of Digital Signal Processing
(DSP )field. Synthesis refers to generation of speech computational model based on human speech system. An important area of Speech synthesis is the Text-To-Speech (TTS). In the past two decades years, many studies have focused on Text-To-Speech (TTS) systems for different languages such as:
English, Franch, Italyain, Japanise, and Chinese. In particular, Arabic (TTS)systems have made significant progresses in the last few years especially in Egypt and Algeria.
In Iraq there is a limited work in Synthesis area , Where the most DSP work that has been done in speech Recognition area.
TTS synthesis can be used in many areas, such as: Telecommunication services, language education, vocal monitoring, multimedia, and as an aid to handicapped people.
Generally speaking a TTS system can be divided into two major components: natural language processing (NLP) and digital signal processing (DSP).
This paper gives an overview of general TTS systems and the Arabic TTS with some implementation using concatenation approach.

A communication link design computer program is constructed using MathCad and Visual Basic package for wireless V/UHF and Microwave frequency bands. The new program exploits the powerful mathematical and graphical tools exists in MathCad and the powerful tools of Visual Basic in interface page applications. The new computer program presented in this paper is based on theoretical and some statistical expressions applied in this field and therefore it can be used in solving design problems. Examples of applying the program are given for two cases, V/UHF and Microwave links. One of the features of this program is its way of results presentation, which are presented in numerical, text and graphical modes that are relay needed in such applications. Another important features of the new computer program is its capability of showing messages to tell the designer whether the overall design process is applicable or not.

The market of agricultural insurance in Iraq is new. It faced many obstacles such in accurate information and lack of awareness of benefits of insurance , because of their dependence on facilities submitted by the government. Most insurance services are on by National Insurance Companies provied.
Granting offsets lacks scientific estimations and un delayed payments.

With the wide spread utilization of biometric identification systems, establishing the authenticity of biometric data itself has emerged as an important research issue. We propose here a new scheme that finds hiding locations for fingerprint images. The method determines the locations which are suitable for embedding the watermark into fingerprint image. Watermark data are embedding according to certain conditions.

This project has contained a definistion of Artificial Neural Network with an explaination of it’s uses and the architecture and sign of some of its types.We used one of these networks (Perceptron network) to classify the numbers. Some explainations were given to the dependent tests of classification of this network using three groups of numbers to obtain robotic classification functions .Finally the weight test was done to all groups,in order to find the result of network and compare it with the desired result for these groups.

Many of estimation Methods in Time Series study such as Box- Jenkins Models which represented with Exact and approximate maximum likelihood Estimators and ordinary least squares estimators are used.
In our research , non-linear programming methods such as Gradient Projection approach is considered. The estimators of AR(2) model by using the suggested method with application are found.

Image Authentication verifies the originality of an image by detecting malicious manipulations.
In this proposed system used fragile watermarks for image authentication by creating marks based on self-similarities blocks properties of fractals encoding , (used in image compression), The created marks are depend on the characteristics of the image, so each image has its own watermarks which defers from other watermarks of other images therefore its very difficult to discover the watermark.
Then we select the best one which has high randomization of similarity and dissimilarity of blocks through the use of statistical randomization tests. After the mark has been selected we hid it in blocks of image, one bit in each block by using LSB. Result of hiding is the marked image.
The decision on whether an image is altered or not can be made by extracting hidden mark and comparing it with recreated one.
In our research we can detect any change to an image as well as localizing the area that have been altered. From the practical application and the results of the algorithm, the quality of the watermarked image is very high because the watermark effect at most one LSB of one pixel in each block.

In all countries, the governments play important role to achieve the stability and security of that country, and to permanently provide the basic services. Also to provide the nation with welfare condition, which is the aim of that society . This is to explore it's resources (natural and human), and also to invest in it's people.
From here we can see the importance of this research, to specify the factors that lead to a successful political movement, and the formation of new government. A successful political movement and the formation of government in Iraq do not rely on one factor, but many ones that vary in there importance, Therefore we found that Factor Analysis Method is the most convenient. To prove the validity of Rotational Factor Matrix results, we use Multidimensional contingency tables. This is to know if one of variables within the matter under research is independent or if it has relation with other affecting factors. This is as well as the use of Quick Cluster Analysis.
To achieve the purpose of this research, it has been divided into theoretical section, which handles Factor Analysis as well as log linear Model and Quick Cluster Analysis. While the applied section deals with data regarding opinions obtained from 315 citizen, this is to find out the most important factors affecting a successful political movement, and formation of government in Iraq.
Throughout these, we highlighted conclusions, which we believe are important to be considered by the politicians markers in the political movement.

In this paper , the aim of this research is to find out if the non- trivial solutions for the second order differential equation
y(x) + {q(x)+r(x)} y(x) = 0
wear resemble to those of the equation
y(x) + q(x) y(x) = 0 .
Many theorems and properties are used , to achieve this aim.

The aim of this study is to measure the efficiency coefficients in terms of prediction errors of time series in the presence of contaminators of the two types, Innovations and Additive outliers by application of the Robust generalized M-estimates for two methods: “Thomson” &“AL-Naqeeb” through autoregressive model AR(p), and introduces a suggested formula which enable to determine the relative smoothed grade. Where as two objectives were obtained, the 1st is to give an indicator to enable and determine the relative changes levels of progresses grade which were occurrences on the data according to the robust filtering process and the 2nd can be used as an initial indicator to determine the significant level of the robust methods under compromised and through determining the grade of covering the lowest level of process which would be needed and then take off the decision for testing the suitability of the robust methods for obtaining the needs estimates and then to estimate the power spectra.
The application view of the two efficient indicators in terms of predication errors and the suggested relative smoothed grade was in the analysis of (EMG) signal according to constraint simulation technique for the pre whitening signal {ε (z)}.

The stream cipher Algorithm A5 used to encrypt GSM telephone communication. The Algorithm A5 consists of three versions (A5/1, A5/2
and A5/3). In the current standard protocol the three algorithms share the same secret key. Thus in this paper we select the weakest algorithm A5/2,
attack the algorithm and extract the secret key in a cipher text-only attack,
using the weaknesses of the cipher and majority functions. Then using the secret key to decrypt the communication even encrypted under the algorithms A5/1 and A5/3.

Time series analysis considered one of statistics methods for build the forecasting model , and the main purpose of this research is to find the difference between the estimation of Adaptive filtering and least squares method ,based on different sample size ,error and different parameter .The simulation procedures is used to generating data and models to compare between these methods .