LARK JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY, LINGUISTICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

The study examines the subject of the German media's handling of immigration issues in light of the flexible integration model that Germany adopted in integrating immigrants after 2015. The researcher raises a set of questions that revolve around the most prominent trends of the German media in dealing with immigration issues and analyzing its dimensions, effects and developments within the framework of European values and the model formed by the German media's handling of the issue of immigration. The media faced challenges represented in how media professionals dealt with the arguments of right-wing parties, the emergence of hate speech in the private media, and the contribution of the Staatliche Medien state media to the integration of immigrants. To answer these questions, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method. The research reached the following results:

The issue of the emergence of Islamic sects and sects in the history of Islam for some was considered a reason for the decline of the Islamic nation and its difference this research paper seeks to respond to this claim on the grounds that religious texts emphasize the inevitability of separation and consider it a civilizational and intellectual necessity, which throughout history contributed to creating cultural diversity and sectarian pluralism. According to the different mental perceptions and intellectual premises, what drives the necessity of coexistence and acceptance of the difference of the other.

The concept of culture is considered inherent to the social sciences, especially in its Anthropological depth. It is necessary for human unity through diversity that is different than thinking relying on Biology. This concept seems the most compelling answers about the difference between nations. If culture is not the feeding source and the legacy from one generation to another, this will not be considered as a historic result, but it is a construction that will be registered in history's record. From the other hand and precisely, it can be listed in among the social groups history that assemble a social and cultural Hierarchy considering to the stratification that already existed in modern and ancient communities. In order to analyze a certain cultural system, we have to analyze the social historic status of the communities that resulted from this system. So, the concept of culture goes with everything that is humanitarian, and this concept afford the possibility of understanding the Human unity in his life, believes and culture diversity, and the unity of diversity. The concept of cultutre is considered as a proper tool to stop all the explanations of nature for human behavior. The human culture can be interpreted through the culture, because culture domain on the roles gender division and tasks in the human communities. As a result of the mentioned above, we can remark diversity from one community to another, instead the gradual of different social communities can be seen in different time and place considering the a social and cultural hierarchy diversity.( Cultural and Social diversity, Cultural gradation, Class)

Qur’anic scripts are characterized by their unique methodology in writing which is different from Orthographic ones, a widely known form in Arabic. Many phrases in the Holy Qur’an differ in their written form from their counterpart s in other verses; as a result, this difference might draw the reader’s attention since it does not come haphazardly. On the contrary, such phrases have been used carrying snblime meanings intended by the Almighty Allah.

This is a research that deals with the words that were said to be foreign in the Holy Qur’an that pertain to Heaven and Hell in the Holy Qur’an; In order to show its origin in Arabic, Semitic languages and other foreign languages, it came in two sections. The first deals with terms related to heaven. The second is the terms related to fire. The research reached a set of results that prove the Arabism of some of them, the non-Arabism of some of them, or the participation of a number of languages in the use of some words.

The Jews lived in the land of Canaan for a long period, and they had connections with the peoples that surrounded them, and then they were influenced by them and their beliefs, which indicates that cultural diversity has a great impact on the development of religions and their openness to the other. Its profound impact on religions, and despite the emergence of the phenomenon of intolerance and extremism among some, cultural diversity and the mixing of cultures with each other between influence and influence while preserving authentic cultural values is the means for coexistence. Ethical, cognitive, and other than those contained in those texts.

Freedom of opinion and expression in the press constitute one of the most important features of democratic systems in the world, and is one of the criteria for progress in it. However, these rights are often subjected to conditions that restrict or abolish it, either permanently, as in dictatorial regimes, or temporarily, as in Situations of war, infighting, and other emergency situations, Therefore, it is necessary to study both cases in order to reach the establishment of secure environment that allows the exercise of these rights at certain levels during those circumstances, in a manner that does not allow for it to be permanently abolished and to allow their exercise in every time and place, regardless of the circumstances and data. And as far as the topic of the research is concerned, we will convey in the research the experience of exercising those rights in the time of civil wars and internal fighting, and we will focus on the American civil war (1961-1865) by describing that the United States of America is, according to international standards, one of the advanced democracies in the world.

Ideology is the overall system of ideas, beliefs, and general trends that are hidden in certain behavioral patterns. Ideology varies from era to era; In ancient times, they differ from the modern era, and each individual has his own ideology, influenced by his culture and society. As for the poet in this study, he brings in his poetic collection all kinds of ideologies, and in one poem he was able to combine two or three types of ideologies, and in most of them he went on one format. Ideology has been likened to a poetic image through which reality can be expressed and understood, and it is also a tool for conveying the concept to the reader. There is no human society without an ideology, but society is built on its basis. In his collection, the poet deals with many important issues and stories, such as the stories of the prophets and major contemporary issues that people care about. It comes with different ideologies, such as religious or Islamic, which is something very deep and has an essential role in regulating the life of human society. A political ideology is a particular set of ideals, principles, doctrines, myths, or moral codes of a social movement, institution, class, or large group that explain how a society should function and provide some political and cultural blueprints for a particular social community. The course of this research revolves around the ideological patterns in the two diwans "I Began with the Sea" and "The Crutch of the Wind" by the poet Muhammad Abdullah Al-Buraiki.

If thought and its productions with its various fields and interests refer to scientific and humanistic reflections, representing an individual or collective efforts, the safety and purity of such activity in conformity with language rules and measurements should be the requirements of elevating such active production in general and the linguistic creativity in particular. Making such type of thinking available is essential. Its responsibility is of no less impact than the producer, author or creator in any specialty. Thus, the current research tries to confirm the importance of adhering to the regulations of the Arabic language with reference to its morphological system, as well as the scientific responsibility of publishing companies in what they issue. Such papers would not be published till they pass a series of linguistic and scientific evaluations and conditions, whether they were purely scientific or intellectual, predicting the intellectual, national, religious or sectarian orientation of the author or producer of the published text. It publishes the research projects because publishing company represents its owners and does not represent the publishing establishment itself, especially illusions and errors in scientific constants and information facts. The present research comes under the field of morphological criticism in its practical side, the book (The Making of the Term in the Arabic Language ... by Professor Dr. Ammar Sassi).

A large number of emphases in Arabic and the multiplicity of its patterns and the diversity of its methods represent a linguistic phenomenon with an influential semantic value, for its control in determining the meanings and revealing the intentions in the discourse. The emphatic in his communicative discourse as well as its linguistic motives and linguistic extensions. The implicit patterns that are embedded in the emphasis structure constitute a dangerous epistemological mulch in its formation and its frequent circulation stemming from the conflict of the Bedouin and urban environments and the communicative gap and discontinuity caused by that conflict in the discourse chain, so the affirmation comes with its abundant credentials to bridge the crack of that chain and restore its reporting communication in

The research plan has been straightened after completing its material as a collection and study with an introduction, and two topics preceded by a preface and followed by a conclusion.
The preface dealt with the ethical dimensions, definition, statement and specification
The first topic dealt with the description of the positive morals that Antara spoke and how he employed them within the context. As for the second topic, we made it to explain the description of negative morals through a general approach based on selection, not investigation, in order to build a balanced idea based on a statement and address this through literature written by a brilliant writer and we concluded our study This is a conclusion in which we mentioned the results we reached during the research.

This research talks about the nature of the impact of grammatical treatments that Abu Ziyad al-Farra used to confirm the linguistic connotation he wanted in his masculine and feminine book. Because grammar is the study of the nature of structures and functions of words and vocabulary in the general context. So, it is necessary to rely on it to clarify linguistic meanings and general semantic meanings. It is clear and a great focus from Al-Farra’s on grammatical directives and the functions of words to demonstrate the linguistic destination that he wants, supports, and refers to, and this is what I want to say and remind him of in this research when one of the prominent Kufic grammarians is advanced.

This study, seeks to elicit the depths of the contact-communication mechanisms and their acted-out movement, then, reveals what they are loaded (namely, contributed) which raised by each concept, and then exposes argumentative problems in their presence, thus, it violates their functions.
Throughout this study, there is a movement, indicating its continual (viz., direct) form, from the one to the multiple, which creates the descending form, representing the contact basis. Whilst, from the multiple ones to the one, which makes the ascending form, reflecting communicational root.
strictly speaking, this study is based on the communicative dimension, because it represents the prognostic and the solution from the authority of the exclusionary mind, and the supremacy of the multilateral mind via a mutual shared, which is the fusion of ideas with each other, to establish an optimal human society.

China has practiced people's diplomacy or (citizen diplomacy) in Africa by spreading its culture through Confucius Institutes, organizing employment fairs, as well as preparing and implementing education and training programs for the development of African human resources.
China used the media to appeal to the Chinese public to encourage it to participate in the practices of popular diplomacy, and the success in this approach was demonstrated by comparing the opinions of the public at different times,On the other hand, the Chinese media directed the African audience. China has established branches for Chinese media, news agencies and broadcasts, and these media have focused on a number of contents, including historical links, success stories, abundance of opportunities in Africa, Chinese generosity in Africa, the great importance of Africa, China's pursuit of partnership, not hegemony, and that the Chinese model of development is more suitable for Africa, and as a result, China has achieved its desired economic hegemony at various levels (trade, investment, and debt).

When I read the stories Recorded from the mouths of the Arabs in Central AsiaI noticed a lot of word combinations, with or without carving, that perform a specific semantic task The combination may be a verb with a verb, a noun with a noun, a verb with a noun, or its combination with letters The two parts of the synthesis may be Arabic, or they may be for both sexes, or one of them may be Arab and the other non-Arab. I have noticed that the sentence structure is alien to what we know in the classical language or contemporary Arabic dialects in the Arab world. For this reason, I found it appropriate to clarify t

The article revolves around the concept of freedom which is one of the concepts that in recent years has been widely discussed in scientific, intellectual, and social circles - and the position of religion towards it and its limits. Verily, we concluded that man, in terms of the primary origin, is free in his various relationships, whether on a personal level, on a social level, or through his relationship with nature, and this is a natural result of the principle of divine honor for a man. Moreover, this freedom is determined by the rule of reason and Sharia, for the mind judges the ugliness of self-harm or degrading its value, as well as the infliction of harm on others. Therefore, everything that the reason judges to be bad, the religion equally prohibits, because it violates the principle of human dignity. Conclusively, religion and reason call for freedom in a way that does not negate human dignity and the sublime value.

There have been many visions and thoughts about the process of using educational value structures and its impact on children’s theater in general, and in particular in the aforesaid theater, where topics can be exemplified and formulated with high experience to reach connotations and denotations with thought that bear pedigology, educational, and intellectual character that can address the child’s mind and speculations via graphic formation for building these events or subject, as the child’s mind of scenery, decoration , plus language and music have its impact in making the image of enthusiasm between the child and the show and has its trace in the comprehension of mind in the value . And consequently excitement of the contents of the theatrical performance presented to child.

The aim of this study is to search for the concept of multilingualism and its most important causes and objectives in the Arabic language, especially in the language of the Noble Qur’an, by studying the most important manifestations of this multiplicity in the interpretation of Al-Labbab by Ibn Adel, represented by the most important languages he mentioned when interpreting the verses of the Noble Qur’an. Different languages and dialects were represented by different linguistic phenomena, so there were differences in words, rules, vocabulary, formulas, and others. Among the most prominent features of multilingualism in Arabic is the Qur’anic readings, which represented a kind of facilitation and facilitation for those who entered Islam and did not speak Arabic, so they were allowed to read the Qur’an according to their linguistic habits. The multilingualism was represented in the interpretation of Al-Labbab, by mentioning the Qur’anic readings that were abounding in the different Arab languages. The nature of the research is that we confine ourselves to a number of the most famous of those languages that indicate the distinction of Arabic in its multiplicity of languages, the most famous of which are the language of Azd Shanoua, the language of the Hijaz, Tamim, Quraish, Qais, Hudhayl, Hawazin, Madhhaj, Kinana and others.

Like love, peace, tolerance is a human virtue in the first place, before any religious or social institution, it is a necessity with which we meet the values of intolerance, violence, and preparedness that have destroyed humanity. Locke and Voltaire wrote their letters intolerance of the necessity and spread of all forms of violence in the absence of tolerance, calling for the acceptance of the other. Many have called for it, whether in the Arab or western world, one of the most important advocates of the value of tolerance in the Arab world is “Majed al-gharbawi” who presented a purely rational and philosophical vision to create a new paradigm of tolerance that deconstructs intolerance, from the reality of the Islamic environment, which witnessed extremism and tyranny, given the lack of awareness among peoples and the lack of proper understanding of the quranic text, it is necessary to cooperate to dismantle the extremist system and replace it with positive values so that tolerance, love, and solidarity prevail throughout the Islamic world at a time when violence in the name of religion has spread.

Contemporary philosophical thought has opened up to the pluralism and to what was exiled and marginalized. In this context, Gilles Deleuze criticizes the centrality of the ego in the philosophy of the self, heading towards a search for the concept of difference. It's Deleuze challenge on a philosophical project that is essentially processional against every preservation of the system that is based on representations, as it is undermined to create moving as a force that

Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) has made a paradigm shift in the recent years by liberating Iraqi territories invaded ISIS. Western mass media try their best to defame the reputation of PMF by describing it as an affiliated para-military to Islamic Republic of Iran or calling it a militia. The researchers attempt to highlight the representation of PMF in the Arabic translation via the same media foundations; of course, to find answer of whether ST or TT versions of news are positively or negatively represented. BBC, CNN, France 24 outlets websites were selected and analyzed based on for an eclectic model of van Leeuwen’s social actor representation (2008) and Venuti's translator's invisibility via Foreignization and Domestication methods (1995/2004). The results have proved that the PMF is negatively represented in both English and Arabic Services.

The main aim of the Internet is to provide the applications and advantages of communication services to the programmers for accessing information and spreading them. Sometimes ill-intentioned individuals use the internet in an offensive illegitimate way, infringing the right of the others; through publishing things against public Morals, spreading hatred and racism, defamation and violation of others, privacy, and other ill-manners. If Crimes in the real world are sometimes recorded against unknown doers, which leads to losing the right of affected persons, we must not stick to this negative role in the hypothetical world hence, we must enable the affected person to obtain his right in the Composition resultant from defamation. This right which is related to the preservation a good reputation is one of the most essential fundamental rights, which is to be saved in the light of publishing laws most constitutions and laws assure to protect human s right of reputation from defamation and cursing. It is the role of public relations to correct the wrong situation and meliorate the image or correct incorrect information.

This research aims to find the interactive public relations indicators in Iraq's global autocompanies Facebook pages , And Facebook was chosen because it has a range of interactive technologies and applications that will enhance interactive communication between users , This research belongs to descriptive studies , where the survey curriculum was employed to answer the problem of research , using the tool ( Content analysis ) for interactive public relations indicators on the pages of international automobile companies of Iraq , the search sample of automobile companies pages ( Toyota , Nissan , Marcides Benz , BMW , Ford , GMC ) , And the interactive public relations indicators that have been analysed are ( Multiple options , ease of searching for information , ease of personal communication , ease of adding information , other interactive means ) and the research reached a number of findings , the most important of which is that the availability of various interactive indicators on corporate pages was acceptable , with varying use or employment from company page to company and from indicator to indicator , This gives an acceptable indication of the adoption of the concept of interactive public relations in the pages of Iraq's global automobile companies to communicate with users, given the recent use of interactive public relations on Facebook .

The world has shrunk to the size of a small box that fits in your pocket, even though science has shrunk the globe to the size of a small town and technological advancements, such as the printing press and the virtual world, have converted it into a house rather than a village. Except for the fact that I witnessed the Abbasid period and the paper shops, whose authors had more vast and creative imaginations than even science fiction authors. With its cinematic, theatrical, and television imagination, literature has not produced a great book. Except that they were unable to place that picture as it grew in the Abbasid era, and it did not reach Sinbad, Shater Hassan, the phoenix, or other characters in One Thousand and One Nights, whose imagination remains a source for all Arab literature. This topic is unappealing, but I will study it as part of my Metoghrephia investigation. Which are about a legendary story that is immortalized in the imagination within analog literature and a narrative style in which the narrator explains an imaginary life that isolates you from reality before bringing you back to it episode by episode. The least you receive is the satisfaction of reading, which increases your appetite and desire to devour books, as reading is the elixir that promotes the desire to read. Metoghrephia cannot be detached from Myth, and if they met with legends and were detached from narrative structure, some authors of Abbasid literature claim that the Thousand and One Nights are a translation and transmission using Arabic characters. This is implausible, considering the majority of the ideas are presented as conceptions, transmissions, and poetry at the same rate as other comparative works. The events of the Thousand and One Nights, as are the songs by Abu Faraj al-Isfahani, the lectures by Abu al-Fadl al-Isfahani, al-Mustadrif by al-Abshihi and Uyun al-Akhbar by Ibn Qutayba, and Nuzhat al-Noufs by al-Tawhidi and other books, although the Thousand and One Night are less eloquent, thinner, and closer to the language of modern literature and written artifacts. This study aims to investigate these aspects and the visual attraction of myth as a distinctive Arabic product. Although the study is not comparative nor even close to comparative literature, it prioritizes the evidence of myth and the elusiveness of the imagination, as well as the stylistic definitions of typography and their connection to Abbasid literature. The research illustrates the scope of the evolution of fictional literature through the presentation of contemporary folklore discourse and the critical myth of policies, as well as the productiveness of literary thought as narrator and narrative style. What is Metoghrephia exactly? And the narrative's symbolism is distinct from the civilizations of the Abbasid era, as are its depictions of those communities and the extent of their acceptance. And the transition of the narrative from its stagnation as folklore and popular hadiths to global literature that has been translated into more languages than any other work. A potentially difficult project requiring multiple research chairs at a conference. Or it may be published in a magazine, but it may be a door to a deeper study and provide lines of contemporary definitions and phrases on a heritage that is now casting shadows on the other side of the globe and vanishing in its native tongue: Arabic.

Sheikh Baqir Sharif Al-Qurashi is one of a group of Islamic scholars and thinkers who take after their leading position in the consciousness of the present generation, and perhaps the reason for this is due to what the Islamic or Iraqi mentality is accustomed to - so to speak - which is not to celebrate the living until they die! And perhaps not focusing and paying attention to them until decades have passed since their death.

The need of Arab individuals for a life full of tolerance and coexistence is best represented in what Arab novelists have portrayed in their various novels in view of their own perspective and need for peace and security.
Since the novel is the literary text that is contemporary and keeps pace with developments and transformations in the world, hence comes the important and pivotal role novels play in achieving balance between the dreams of the Arab man and the reality in which he lives.
The novel The Ruined Man by the Sudanese novelist Abdul-Aziz Baraka Sakin has been chosen as a model to be investigated. In that novel, Sakin talks about the character of the Sudanese / Egyptian (Hasan Darweesh) who settled in Austria with two contradictory personalities: the Muslim personality who lives in countries of the West, which strived to adhere to the customs, traditions and religious legacies, and the other personality who lives within the wetern reality and the turbulent world

The research aims to study the problem of social diversity and its role in determining the form of political system in Iraq and to identify the degree of response by the 2005 Iraqi constitution in terms of reference to this diversity and preserving the peculiarities of the Iraqi social components such as identifying with the essence, forms and manifestations of this social diversity in Iraq . The study also reached some conclusions. The research found out that the post- 2003 political system delegated much power to the regional federal administrations in terms of choosing language, the kind of school education ,determining the official holidays which mark traditional occasions celebrated by these communities and establishing security forces of their own for providing protection according to the Iraqi constitution. The study concludes that social diversity in Iraq falls into two kinds: religious and ethnic. The religious diversity is a result of the existence of sects and denominations while the ethnic diversity came as a result of consecutive migrations into Iraq. The federal system is characterized by many traits a matter which render it a potential solution for tackling various socially-diverse societies because it combines the two paradoxical principles of partnership and independence . Through the principle of partnership ,on the one hand , the various communities and groups become able to take part in the general authority of the central government while , in terms of the principle of independence, the right of maintaining their own peculiarities is ensured through a local constitution of their own . Hence , the federal system of government represents a solution to the problem of the religious , ethnic and linguistic diversity that characterizes the Iraqi society.

Pre-Islamic poetry has no doubt been a dark era to most readers, where ignorance, dissoluteness, libertinism, polytheism, cruelty, tribalism, retaliation, fanaticism, and raids dominated life. On the other hand, there were love, peace, coexistence, high ideals, wisdom, reasoning, and anti-oppressionism. This paper, accordingly, emphasizes vicinty as a key area of analysis. Elaborating on social and psychological aspects of relevant poems, this paper unfolds vicinity, questions its importance, and indicating how it contributed to coexistence and interest in life. The paper draws on analytical approach as a model.

Literature has long been one of the main and most important tools for transferring social and cultural issues to any country. It also playing a role in forming the identities of individuals in society. In this connection, the Poetess Irfan Nazar Aahari wrote profoundly on the importance of the children's and adolescents' literature, their tasks, needs, challenges and threats. Because this special issue is significant, this current study is seeking these goals in an analytical and descriptive way by applying a deductive approach in order to explore any issues of morals, nurture, and education of children as indicated in the contexts of Irfan Nazar Aahari's works.

The concept of pluralism is an important focus in contemporary intellectual and philosophical studies. While it is important in dealing with reality in its various manifestations, it is not without danger, as there is a great disparity in these manifestations that reaches the limit of total disparity, which can be dangerous. To change this concept from a positive thing that aims to keep society from disintegrating during trends to a negative thing that destroys the fabric of life. The important thing is to understand the boundaries of pluralism and to ground it cognitively and philosophically. The cultural systems that gave birth to this concept pushed to accommodate multiple others without fail.

Translation considers an effective and an influential tool in attaining cultural and intellectual connections between nations, and detecting the common relationships. The absence of clear translation between two parties in any matter or case, could create unclear or vague image between them which could require intervention form intermediary party to facilitate and to clarify the image for the two parties.
Unfortunately, the absence of credibility from the intermediary party, can make him manipulate the translation to achieve personal goals by conveying unreal image about one party to the other party. For instance, the western media’s and the distorted image that they transfer about Muslims and Arab to the Western societies in the absence of the translation from Arabic to foreign languages. Therefore, the phenomenon of multilingualism considers the most prominent phenomena that produced by the selfishness societies during their evolution.
To make better understanding about what the translation is and how it’s contribute in the erudite person and the effect of that on the society coexistence, the research has been divided into three main axes as following: first axis, is related to, the definition of translation, its importance, its theories, its types and the role of the translator. The second axis, includes the concept of cultural diversity, its shapes and the relationship between the translation and the cultural diversity. Third axis, includes the concept of society coexistence and its types. We conclude our research with these important conclusions.

Digital technology has aided the media industries in establishing interactive relationships between institutions and their audiences. This is reflected in the public relations practice of the organization's communication activities. Additionally, as digital technologies have become an integral part of an individual's life, these technologies have taken it upon themselves to digitally implement their communication programs, media campaigns, and all other forms of communication. By focusing on social media platforms as the primary means of communication with the public, the researcher hoped to shed light on the United Nations Mission in Iraq's / UNAMI's digital public relations management in implementing its communication programs to meet sustainable development requirements. The study attempted to address its scientific imposition and research questions through an examination of the official website of the United Nations Mission in Iraq / UNAMI to ascertain how that mission accomplishes its objectives through its communication programs. The study examined the concept of digital public relations and its role in reaching out to the public through its various activities, with a particular emphasis on the concept of sustainable development and its various goals and dimensions. Additionally, relying on social capital theory, the researcher demonstrated that the United Nations Mission in Iraq (UNAMI) placed a premium on communicating with the Iraqi public about the execution of pre-planned programs. These programs were carried out in conjunction with extensive media campaigns. Additionally, the study concluded that the United Nations' mission was centered on the social, environmental, and economic dimensions, rather than the technological dimensions. Since these dimensions are a priority for it when it comes to communication activities, they are reflected in the development of human structures in Iraqi society.

The current study is a pragmatic one which aims at exploring the symbolic language in Pope Francis’s speech in UR during his visit to Iraq in March 2021. Symbolic language means that language which is not used explicitly and there is a mismatch between the sign and symbol, so it is the hearer’s task to infer the intended meaning. Hence, the current study attempts to find out what symbolism is and how and why it is used especially in Pope’s speech. In order to achieve this aim, six extracts are analyzed based on Grice’s theory of implicature and cooperative principle (1975). Based on the findings of the analysis, it is concluded that symbolism in language means using something to refer to something else for the purpose of fulfilling many functions since language as an action is used not only to convey lexical or grammatical meaning, but also social meaning. Thus, it is observed that Pope’s speech is full of symbolism and meaning that is conveyed implicitly and full of symbolism which is used to reflect the his ideas in an implicit and indirect way to deeply affect his listeners and touch their hearts.

The early grammarians were able to control the rules of linguistic communication with a set of grammatical laws that they devised from the eloquent Arabic speech that they collected from the Arab tribes, However despite their interest in the Arabic syntax and the control of the syntactic movement, they did not neglect the social aspect of language and the context of the situation that surrounds the communicative process and its three sides, the speaker, the addressee, and the discourse, and I will try to show in this research the social effects accompanying the grammatical rulings of Abu Saeed Al-Sirafi, and how he took into account the three sides in his explanation of Sibawayh’s book, and in the grammatical rulings that were narrated from him.

Old and modern studies indicate that forgiveness is a human value which allows all mankind to live with love and peacefully in which it is a spiritual upgrade touching magnificent realms. In addition, forgiveness means the acceptance of different people, the permitting opinion of individuals and others that neglect and overcome inadvertent acts . While peaceful coexistence is used to create an understanding thoughts between countries all around the world without aggression or war .
Forgiveness is considered one of the most important addresses that writers should depend in writing. It is an invitation to deal with human tendency, stand against different kinds of violence and racialism. The writer must have a fandemantal role to enhance equitableness and forgiving values rejecting all forms of hate in society. If he doesn't practice his primal role , there will no need to literature, and that is the main reason in choosing the topic. It is a massage to whole writers to use the forgiving vocabularies orally and as a written text in their works , daily life should be embodied in their literature.
The research is highlighted in two parts , the first consists of the concept of forgiveness , peaceful coexistence, and a precise of AlRasafi's life. On the other hand, the second part is showing how AlRasafi used the tiles "forgiving and peaceful coexistence " in his poetry, indicating the whole society members regardless their differences in religious and many other factors, analyzing his relating poems to explain his opinions.
Finally, peace in the whole nations couldn't spread unless the exchange of camaraderie, love, and tender prevail. Peace is the goal of ingenious, and individuals, especially in African and Arabian literature to create a writer who is reassured and peaceful. It is also an invitation of promotion of forgiving and coexistence values in our society, and a massage to mistakeble individuals whom think there is no values in the Arabic literature

Dialogue is a method of communication and exchange of conversation between two parties, or several parties. Dialogue in the novel constitutes a basic and main basis in the novelistic edifice. It may carry the novel to the end and success, and may be the most important reason for its failure. Through the dialogue, the narration flows, and it gives an aesthetic to the scenes of the novel.
A good novelist is the one who can create a good dialogue that advances the events and intensifies the plot. The dialogue is also a good way to send whiffs of suspense and prepare for sudden events that follow, and through it the characters of the work can predict events that will happen by adding a few hints that encourage the reader to wonder and imagine.
The Iraqi writers of the novel did not overlook the importance of the dialogue element in the fictional work, as it infers the awareness of the personality and its uniqueness, and contributes to the development of events. Therefore, it made it a prominent and sharp goal to show the culture, thinking and methods of the characters. And his language is high eloquent, and the level of dialogue between characters, and his colloquial language is sometimes low, then many recommendations by critics began that the language of narration or dialogue be a standard language, which has the characteristics of art, beauty, suggestion and poetry.
As for the reason for choosing the study, the novelist Abdel-Khaleq al-Rikabi; Because he is considered one of the important names in the Iraqi and Arab narrative scene, and one of those who contributed to the development of the Iraqi novel, where his narrative and later novelist presence has been devoted since the late sixties of the last century, and he is one of the most important poles of renewal, as he sought to enrich his works with novelty and unusual and familiar innovation. In fiction writing, by investing the manuscript with its historical sources, it represents one of the important poles in writing the historical novel.
The research plan, based on its title (The Culture of Dialogue in the Iraqi Novel, Narratives of Abdul-Khaleq Al-Rikabi as a model), falls into three demands: the first is entitled the history of the emergence of the novel in Iraq, the second requirement is the diversity of dialogue in the Iraqi novel, and the third requirement is the eloquent and colloquial dialogue in the novels of Abdul-Khaleq Al-Rikabi.

The current research is seeks to know the impact of environment in human life and the interrelationship between environment, human, society and the reciprocal effect between them by understanding the environment concept and it types. Then turned to How is environment impact in human life . In addition, The human's effect on environment, That’s what led researchers to pay attention for this topic which concerns human life and society.

It is no secret that language is of great importance to the writer or the writer. Through it, the process of intellectual communication that the literary text aims at, whatever its kind, takes place. On this basis, this language should be clear and understandable to the readers, and the writer can present it to the recipient in an unerring manner to the reader’s mind. With the use of evidence, evidence and statistical experiments, and formulating this in an artistic form that speaks smoothly and skillfully. On the other hand, journalistic writing is one of the tools for educating society with all its layers and sects, as it provides it with news and events that take place in the world.