Muthanna Journal of Pure Science (MJPS)

: Infections of the urinary tract are among the most common diseases in the world, affecting both males and females around the world. Females are more susceptible to urinary tract infections than males, owing to the female body's anatomical configuration. The pathogenic Escherichia coli is the most common causative agent in 80%–90% of urinary tract infections. This study was carried out in the laboratories of the Medical State University of Grodno. The study used four strains of E. coli from the museum of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology at the Medical State University of Grodno to determine the features of Ceftriaxone's action on different strains of E. coli in the composition of biofilms. The results showed that all screened museum strains of E. coli isolated from pathological material of patients with urinary tract infection are able to form biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentration of CTX for all studied E. coli biofilms was in the range of 35-280 mg/ml and the minimum inhibitory concentration in plankton was in the range of 0.27-0.068 mg/ml.

In this study, we developed an automated system that uses a collection of attributes to classify water samples from the Shatt al Arab River (EC, Cl, Ca, Mg, Na, and SO4). The water categorization system was involved three steps: first, water samples were collected (monthly) from eight locations along the Shatt Al-Arab River in Basra from October 2009 to September 2020. Second, using established procedures measured and analyzed chemical elements such as electrical conductivity (Ec), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and Sulphate (SO4). Finally, neural networks with three hidden layers were used for training and testing purposes. The Project was designed by Matlab. The experimental results on the collected database showed that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy in automatic water classification (normal and abnormal).

Toxoplasma infection during childhood may cause severe effects for children and their offspring. Here, we initiated a systematic review to estimate the global prevalence of toxoplasmosis. All databases were searched for publications published between January 2000 and March 2021, including studies on the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children (1 day-15 years). The overall prevalence rate of toxoplasmosis was evaluated with a 95% CI in global and WHO regions. Toxoplasmosis prevalence and the population size were analysed using linear regression to arrive at this conclusion. As a result, 63 articles included 29342 children from 18 countries in the systematic analysis. The total prevalence rate of toxoplasmosis in children was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.195 - 0.204%). The African region had the highest prevalence rate of 0.28% (95% CI: 0.5-0.55%), while the South American and US regions had the lowest at 0.166% (95% CI: 0.01-0.33%). The prevalence rate among children is very high. Further examination and investigation of the parasite among children is required to reduce the occurrence of new infections or prevent complications of the disease.

Alternative pharmacological treatments are the recent medical trend due to their low cost and light side effects. Capparis spinosa has a therapeutic history in many societies. Different parts of C. spinosa are also used as drugs to treat several diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of C. spinosa against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Extraction of the C. spinosa leaves and fruits was performed by using water and 95% ethanol. The biologically active substances were determined using the chemical reagents detection and the optical density spectrum methods, and the effect of these extracts on bacterial activity was studied. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the extraction products of ethanol and distilled water. Also, the results showed that both the leaf and fruit extracts have an effect on the bacterial activity. C. spinosa leaves and fruit extracts have antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.

The stability of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) depends on several factors including
temperature, humidity, and period conditions. Temperature plays an essential role in DNA degradation, the
high relative humidity cause rapid decay of DNA. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of different
conditions [Temperature (0°C and 55°C) and Humidity (58% and 12%)] on DNA methylation by bisulfite.
The study has investigated 30 samples of blood that have been collected from healthy people. The samples
were distributed for four groups each group has 15 samples were exposed at different conditions
temperature (0°C, and 55°C) and humidity (58%, and 12%) in different time ( 0,1,2,4 and 8 days). The
DNA methylation of TRIM 59 gene was stable in room temperature whereas in the 0°C and 55°C the
results showed that a slight regression in TRIM59gene