political issues

This study deals with the transformations of Iraqi foreign policy in the context of a turbulent regional environment and in the context of internal transformations that push towards fundamental modifications in the directions of its foreign policy. The study also discusses Iraq's endeavors to redefine its national interests through its various soft tools, according to a vision that involves playing a regional role far from external influences and pressures, and allowing for the improvement of its relations with the surrounding countries. The study ends with a review of emerging regional challenges and their repercussions on Iraq's external orientations..

This research discusses the impact of international changes on the Arab regional system, and it approximates the effects of the Russia-Ukraine War on balances and alliances in the Arab region. It also starts from the Arab regional system as a level of analysis to understand the dynamics and interactions that occur in the geographical area and affect the external behavior of each country in international politics. It concludes the Western-Russian conflict in eastern Europe has an impact on the internal and external balance of power in the region, which affects the units of the Arab system by increasing the security risks and threatening the stability of the Arab world. This is what prompts the Arab countries to establish alliances outside the scope of the regional system, to maintain survival in an insecure and vulnerable regional environment. This study confirms that the transformations that the global system is experiencing providing to the Arab countries with the opportunity to liberate themselves from the structural constraints and pressures that were associated with the system of unilateral domination; However, this requires strengthening the internal Arab front based on respect for the sovereignty of states and reconsidering relations between the units of the regional system in a direction that promotes cooperation and alliance rather than conflict.

The research revolves around virtual cyber wars، in which the strategic performance of the major powers began to operate seriously after the end of the Cold War، when there was a change in the concept of wars، which in turn brought about a change in the development of the exercise of power. This study dealt with the impact of scientific and technological development on the constituents of military power and the changes in the concept of force to employ cyber warfare. Perhaps the increasing use of cyberspace for military purposes is one of the most important reasons for the development of power among the major