Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences)

An experimental study of the noise effects of tractors on the workers and the students health have
been held . The study took place near the agriculture college buildings by using tractor type Anter-71 for
different tractor speeds, engine speed and blowing depth. It was shown that the sound level when moving
near the buildings was up to 108 dB which is not the conveniencet level for students scientific
performance while this level of sound will decrease to 88dB when training in the open farms away from
the buildings. The blowing depth has an effect on the sound level up to 112 dB which is not convenient
for normal hearing and becomes more dangerous when working for along time. Blowing with the wind
direction eliminates about 20% of the sound level compared with blowing in reverse wind direction.
Key words :tractors, tractor noise ,noise polution

Study of Gypsum Content of Soils at Selected Sites in Basrah
Governorate\ South of Iraq, for Engineering Purposes

Six species of cyanobacteria: Chroococcus limneticus , Microcystis aeruginosa ,
Merismopedia Trolleri , Oscillatoria sp., Anabaena cylinderica and Tolypothrix nodosa. were
isolated from different locations in Basrah.Hexane, chloroform, methanol extracts of those species
were tested to detect their ability on growth inhibit of some representatives of Gram-negative and
Gram-positive bacteria. Methanol extracts of T.nodosa showed higher inhibitory effect, whereas
hexane extracts of M. Trolleri , Oscillatoria sp. showed moderate antibacterial activity. Chloroform
extracts present the lowest antibacterial activity of A. cylindrical .Methanol extract of T. nodosa was
selected for the identification of bioactive compounds depending on the bioactive compounds tests and
spectroscopic analyses including: Infrared (IR); Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR);
and Gas Chromatography/ Mass spectrum (GC/MS) the. Results indicate that one compound is a
nucleoside which is derivative of tubercidin .
T. nodosa was selected to improve its productivity by exposing to gamma radiation at
different doses, and sub culturing the strain which have high productivity and antibacterial activity
,the results showed that the dose 2.8 gray was the most effective. The symbol TG4 was given to the
mutant strain with the highest productivity and antibacterial activity. By using the previous methods
of chemical compounds identification, the bioactive compound was alkaloid. MIC and cytotoxicity of
both compounds were done.

This study has been conducted to evaluate the quality of irrigation water and its effect on
agriculture land in fao south of Basra. The Results showed that the salinity range 5.95 - 34.50 dS.m-1
and 15.65 - 45.30 dS.m-1 during summer and winter respectively. Where as the salinity of soil ranged
2.85 to 8.85 dS.m-1. It is clearly indicated that the water quality was not recommended to use for
irrigating agriculture land of Fao. The soil, in the study area, has a good property as agriculture land.
But they preserve their properties after irrigation with this water which could be affected by irrigation
and derange way which depends on the tidal phenomenon .

Six stations had been chosen to collect water samples these industrial statisis in this study were paper
factory, Al-Harth Electric Station and Al-NAjebiah Electric Station on Shatt Al-Arab. On other side, the
fertilizer factory and petrochemicals companex throw their discharges in Shatt Al-Basra canal. The water
samples were collected from the river near the discharge point of these factories, The sampling was carried
out during months 2006 to 2007. The results showed that there were about 4679.48, 3470.99, 2.60,
0.76,70.07,14274 and 690.71 ton.year-1 of Cl , SO4 , PO4,NO3 , Oil , TDS and TSS and respectively added
to Shatt Al-Arab River represent 47% - 99% of these discharge coming from the paper factory compared
with Al-Harth Electric Station and Al-NAjebiah, and there were
12026.16,11335.94,34.52,1.14,32875.37,35525 and 8262.15 ton.year-1 of the above parameter added to
Shatt Al Basrah canal , most of them coming from the discharge of fertilizer and petrochemicals factories .