Journal of Juridical and Political Science

Human rights are the most prominent concept in today's world for establishing good judgment in accordance with international standards. Where good judgment will be realized through elections. As the link between human rights and good judgment is the gateway to elections. Creating electoral awareness is the most effective approach to good judgment as a result for the acquisition of the right of shaping the state and its destiny on short or long term. We certainly believe that the modernity of the democratic experiment in Iraq, its complex conditions, in a conflicted regional environment following the imbalance in the social energy engines and the racial, sectarian, national and ethnic diversity of Iraqi society made the parliamentary model as a unidirectional. As all powers are participants in authority and all powers are opposed to such authority that produced a hybrid entity of democracy known and common in global societies. In addition, to call for a serious institutional pause to reshape the electoral awareness and in accordance with the nature of democratic transformation stemming from the concept of human right in any society was the advice in the state administration. Assigning the self and the rooting of this discourse in the human psyche needs sincere belief to present the concepts before the Iraqi voter. In order to see through the models presented and what related to them a glimmer of hope in repairing the weaknesses in the Iraqi political process, which took place after 2003 in accordance with the world Rapid changes such as the change of the great cognitive revolution. The democratic transition is a complex process per se, as it is witnessing various forms and kinds of conflicts. Therefore, it takes many forms that are the basis for shaping the ideal form of democracy and its civilizational foundations and its political, social and economic repercussions. Thus, we proposed an electoral system that contributes to reinforcing the strengths for the Democratic system in the new Iraq.

For decades, Iraqi society has been exposed to many crises and wars affecting Iraqi cultural system under the authoritarian regime that led to the fusion of culture between submission and violence. Despite the political change that took place in Iraq after 2003 and the adoption of the democratic system and the electoral mechanism as one of its tools giving individuals the right to participate in the election of representatives, yet practicing this right was marred by many overlaps that produced a will that did not enjoy enough freedom to get out of the submission culture that characterized the behavior of Iraqi personality for decade.
The study attempts to shed light on the extent of the impact of this culture - submission culture- on the citizen's belonging, loyalty and its liberty of choice. As to enforce the researcher to develop appropriate mechanisms to get out of submission culture and consolidate citizenship idea in the practices of Iraqi individuals either in their right to participate or their role in censorship and nation building. The research is divided into four chapters, first is devoted to the theoretical framework while the second dealt with the cultural statue que in Iraq before 2003. The third was devoted to the study of the influence of the prevailing culture after 2003 on the behavior of the Iraqi voter, and the fourth, by means of which, we explained the ways of promotion the culture of participation.

Despite the deep internal divisions, the serious security threat posed by the "Daesh" organization and the financial collapse due to low oil prices, there are positive signs in the Iraqi track that deserve the cooperation and support of the regional and international powers. The victories achieved by the Iraqi and Shiite efforts to liberate the local Iraqi nationalities from the seeds of terror planted by terrorist organizations can be an important input and national approach that will play a major role in laying the foundations for restoring trust between the two components. Despite the many tensions and conflicts that have affected Sunni-Shiite relations in recent years. There is no alternative but to coexist under a unified and decentralized State with a fair participation in power.
This is part of regional powers retreating from the logic of the destructive regional war and the use of its power to influence Sunni and Shiite leaders in Iraq to accept coexistence and consensus on a common political security formula. The international forces, in coordination with the regional powers, can cooperate and pursue in this direction, which can help the leaders in Baghdad and in the peripheral geographies surrounding the capital, in other directions, in building the required ground.
Iraqis have faced unprecedented resilience in the face of the enormous challenges they have faced over the past decades and decades and have made significant progress in the war against Saddam Hussein. But Iraq still needs urgent help and security to avoid collapse and safety.

The role of Media in all areas, especially the modern media, is widely well known. As it plays a large role in enhancing the social and political awareness of the public at various levels. In addition to its tangible role in voters’ education and their awareness for the procedures of the electoral process.
This research discusses the concept of effectiveness, which means the continuous and interactive process aimed at directing individual and collective efforts towards achieving common goals by using the resources available with the highest degree of effectiveness. It also discusses definitions of political education, elections and voters.
The study then discusses the effectiveness of the traditional and new media in achieving various goals at all levels. Especially the political and social level, as well as clarifying and defining the role and mission of the media in its different means in the process of political education of citizens, and in the electoral process as well through all its stages up till the declaration of results. As a peaceful, fair, free and acceptable process locally and internationally.

In light of difficult and complex conditions experienced by the liberated areas which suffered from the grip of the ISIS. As these areas were being busy in rearranging their posts and daily affairs initiating causes and justifications to make them aware of participating in the elections.
Therefore, the research objectives are concentrated in the following:
The definition of elections and their national role in Iraq, knowing the concept of international censorship of national elections, locating the establishment of such censorship on national elections, clarifying the role of UN censorship on national elections, and highlighting the mechanism of UN censorship of these elections.
The most important conclusions conducted by this research are the following:
1- The voter should enjoy political rights and freedoms to express and participate in elections.
2. The international censorship of elections should contribute significantly and clearly to preserving the freedom and integrity of the elections, while at the same time assisting in the international recognition of electoral processes and thus the systems of governance emanating from those elections.
3. Despite the role played by international censorship of the electoral process in most countries of the world, most international texts have ignored this aspect.

4. International censorship on electoral processes may be global oversight, represented by the role played by United Nations missions through their control over the electoral processes. Regional control may be represented by some regional organizations, such as the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), as well as some other non-governmental organizations.
5- The existence of censorship of any kind, in no way interferes with the internal affairs of States. Thus, it does not affect the internal or external sovereignty of the State.
The research came out with a number of recommendations:
1. We propose the formation of a permanent international organization to monitor the elections in various countries of the world. This committee shall be affiliated to the United Nations, composed of a group of States and a number of members of international organizations concerned in this regard.
2. States should not question the role of international censorship, as well as missions sent by such international organizations.
3. States shall assist personnel of international observer missions and provide appropriate conditions for the operation of such missions.
4. International observers shall comply with all instructions and instructions issued to them by their auditors.

Electoral behavior constitutes a field of knowledge in the psychological and social sciences that political scientist concerned about to be one of the branches of studies in political sociology and political systems as well in order to identify democratic education and its development among citizens. Thus, this research attempts to discuss and debates three issues related directly to electoral behavior.
The first argument was about the adaptation or the legal nature of the election. It was directly related to the concept of sovereignty so legal adaptation differs accordingly.
When a nation has a sovereignty, election becomes as a function, once the concept of sovereignty becomes attached to people and expressed their will, and then election becomes a reality. As sovereignty is being expressed about by constitutional provisions, the election becomes a legal authority. There are those who believe that elections are a right and a function.
The second issue that the research tried to explore is the scientific start to study the behavior of the electoral study based on the basis of the analysis of behavior initiated and produced by Columbia School which was identified as the social voter and then followed by Michigan School diagnosing it as an emotional voter, and finally the rational school, which explained that the voter as a result of economic progress has become a rational electorate and that the elections as a market for candidates when electorates are just like consumers looking for the goods that provide services. Thus, the electoral programs are marketing what really touch the needs of citizen.