Journal of Business Economics for Applied Research

Abstract:
The aim of the study is to shed light on the tremendous development and rapid modernity of advanced information technology and communication skills and techniques that prevailed in all organizations, and this work came to put the compass on them based on their jobs and positions in developing their advanced technical skills and expertise in parallel with those administrative and functional ones. Information technology has become one of the important topics that has Impact on business organizations. The College of Medicine was chosen as a field for the study, and the questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of the College of Medicine’s teaching staff, numbering (100). (65) were retrieved, and (14) invalid questionnaires were excluded. The valid forms for statistical analysis became (51) forms, and the approval was made. Based on the descriptive and analytical approach, the study reached a number of results, the most important of which was that successful organizations are those that pay necessary attention to their human resources as a source of development and creativity and provide them with the appropriate atmosphere for work through the facilities and services they provide to them to achieve good job performance. The study recommended the need for organizations to pay attention Following up on recent developments in information and communications technology.

Within the sustainable development dialectic, there have always been proposals and implications for marketing modern concepts, and among these concepts, the concept of green energy or environmentally friendly energy and how to exploit or develop its use at least in all directions as a strategic entry point for achieving sustainable development goals in light of keeping pace with the changes taking place in the field of conservation The environment, or as an imperative, is necessary to compensate for the losses resulting from the collapse of the prices of traditional energies, including oil, in countries that suffer from the exposure of their economies to external shocks. According to a mechanism that contributes to achieving harmonious production and distribution by doing the productivity of the production elements and in the interest of the economic and social fabric in a way that guarantees the protection of the environment and the creation of human development that works in accordance with the necessities of green energy Investment in green energy comes as the first option for economic reform of this vital resource, which is run within national policies that are jealous of the country's macroeconomic activity

The issue of traffic accidents is considered one of the topics of great importance because of its great risks to society, perhaps the forefront of which is the loss of human lives and material property. It thus causes expensive burdens that are reflected in their contents on the economic side.
This research dealt with the study of this problem, which is very evident in Erbil Governorate, and reached a set of conclusions, and from there the number of traffic accidents and preparing the injured are to decline, but it seems that the cost of one accident is increasing and the reason is due to the reality of inflation that suffers from Iraq in general, as a result of a decrease in values The real for the Iraqi dinar, and one of the most important proposals is the research tightening the Traffic Department in Erbil Governorate in its procedures, whether in the driving license or in the driving exam, and the size of the material and human cost caused by traffic accidents was estimated in the governorate

The aim of the research is to measure and analyze the relationship between the effect of the number of shares index on some macroeconomic variables in the Iraqi economy for the period (2004-2021) using the analytical approach and according to the effect of fluctuations in the Iraqi economy. The research concluded a number of conclusions, the most important of which was that the overall relationship between the index of the number of shares and the average per capita share of the gross domestic product is a positive relationship in most of the research period, and this is consistent with the logic of economic theory. And that the overall relationship between the index of the number of shares and the money supply is a positive relationship in most of the research period, and this is consistent with the logic of economic theory, i.e. an increase in the rates of the number of shares index leads to an increase in the money supply in the Iraqi economy during the research period And that the overall relationship between the index of the number of shares and the unemployment rate is that the relationship is negative in most of the research period and this is consistent with the logic of economic theory، and therefore the research recommends that the state should work to find appropriate solutions and work to find an appropriate alternative such as the development of the industrial sector and the agricultural sector، especially since Iraq enjoys

The research aimed to clarify the effect of marketing intelligence on the brilliant performance of Al-Zawraa General Company. The research was based on a number of hypotheses that were intended to be verified using a number of statistical methods. A random sample of (188) individuals from the company’s employees was taken, and the research concluded that there is a direct effect. For marketing intelligence in brilliant performance

The current study seeks to determine the role of the organizational dimension of friendship in the electronic workplace and its impact on the knowledge generation process in Iraqi public universities. A conceptual model was proposed that includes the proposed hypothetical relationships, and tested to identify the extent and size of the effect under study. A questionnaire was adapted to conduct a survey of the opinions of a sample of faculty members at the University of Nineveh, based on the five-point Likert scale, where (280) questionnaires were collected. This study is also based on the use of a cross-sectional study in examining the field under study. Where the data collection process began in December (2022). Two programs were used for statistical analysis in this study: (SmartPLS) and (SPSS). The results of the current study indicate that there is a positive, significant and direct effect of the organizational dimension of friendship in the electronic workplace on the process of generating knowledge at the Iraqi State University of Nineveh. The study recommends the necessity of providing the necessary environment and organizing special activities for social communication outside universities, such as training courses with other universities, and establishing an atmosphere of trust that facilitates the development of friendship inside and outside universities

Countries (discussed in this research) suffer from a lack of domestic savings, which is reflected in their economic growth. These countries depend on external financing for investment, which is undesirable because of the burdens of their interests.
Therefore, the development of local savings is necessary to achieve economic growth for them. These countries are characterized by the availability of natural and human resources, but the volume of exploitation of these resources is still modest due to the lack of capital necessary to invest these resources. Local savings must be developed through the creation of savings facilities, activating their procedures and creating an appropriate investment environment.
The importance of the research lies in the fact that saving is a major component of the capital accumulation of economic growth events, so it necessitated attention on both levels (theoretical and applied) to identify the methods that raise local saving rates, in order to increase the levels of capital accumulation. the results of the standard aspect of saving showed a role in influencing the total variables of the research sample in the short and long term, and to find out the extent to which saving can correct imbalances that can occur in gross domestic product, investment, and exports. Saving, gross domestic product, investment, and exports must be dynamic or dynamic variables (S.GDP). It will be dependent variables in each model, while its decelerations will be independent variables, and to measure the effect of decelerations on the dependent in the model, savings must be a dynamic independent variable. The Brent oil price variable has been introduced as a global standard price to control fluctuations in international oil prices and to determine the years in which shocks occurred for the research countries. Savings also have a significant short-term reverse effect on the gross domestic product in all the research countries, as it affects (%0.01) inversely on the gross domestic product in Iraq and Jordan. The reverse effect reached (%1.44) and in Egypt it reached (%0.320) and in Algeria it reached (%0.49)This is consistent with economic theory, as saving in the short term can cause a decline in economic growth because the increase in saving will lead to a reduction in the level of aggregate demand.
The research concluded with several recommendations, the most important of with are :- The need to create savings facilities through which economic sectors with high feasibility can be developed, as the research has proven that increasing savings for period of three years will lead to a reduction in the total demand for investments, inflation and economic growth in the short term, and after there will be significant growth in the long term

The current study aimed to demonstrate the role of self-censorship of the administrative leaders in reducing some of the technical problems in the Duhok Municipality Directorate.
The study was conducted on a random sample of leaders amounting to (150) individuals from the size of the community (500). The study adopted the questionnaire form as a main tool for collecting data on the phenomenon under study. The study was based on hypotheses, including the existence of a correlation between self-control of administrative leadership and Some technical problems at the level of the researched organization.
The researchers used a number of statistical tools (frequencies, ratios, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, response ratio, coefficient of difference, correlation, and regression) in order to analyze the data obtained and test the results of in order to data analysis and testing of hypothesis study The study reached a number of results, the most prominent of which is the existence of a correlation between two variables of the phenomenon under study

The research aims to study the relationship between the indicator of the extracted ratio. the money supply of the gross domestic product and the indicator of private investment in the Iraqi economy for the period( 2004-2021) If the research relied on the descriptive approach and the quantitative approach (standard) through the application of modern statistical methods.
The most important findings of the research is the presence of a significant positive effect between the independent variable, the ratio of money supply in the broad sense to the gross domestic product, and the dependent variable, the ratio of fixed capital formation by the sector Private sector in the Iraqi economy for the period 2004-2021. This means that the rise in the rate of money supply in the broad sense will lead to a rise in the rates of private investment in Iraq. The research recommended that the monetary policy should encourage private investment by increasing the rates of money supply towards

The study focused on analyzing the gap between the actual reality of the production organization and the requirements of the international standard for asset management (ISO55001: 2014). And through coexistence and field observation of the company, the idea was generated by the researchers to know the level of application and documentation and whether there are real gaps and problems related to the application of the requirements of the international standard in order to cancel them and improve compliance. Gaps and obtaining the optimal application of the requirements of the standard (ISO55001:2014). In its approach, it relied on a case study using field coexistence enhanced by interviewing officials and stakeholders with the requirements of the standard using (checklist), where its paragraphs were prepared based on the international standard (ISO55001:2014) and its guiding guide, and the opinions of scientific arbitrators of specialists in a group of Iraqi universities were sought. The gaps were measured using the mathematical equations represented by the weighted arithmetic mean, the percentage of conformity, and the Rulon method (half segmentation). The results showed that there are gaps in the level of application and documentation of the requirements of the international standard (ISO55001:2014). (ISO55001:2014) in its activities and operations in order to advance the actual reality, enhance its activities, improve maintenance operations and preserve its assets while providing all the necessary resources and supplies for the application

The research aims to know the impact of the government budget deficit on the rate of economic growth in the Mexican economy, which is one of the countries heavily indebted to foreign countries, due to its negative effects that may extend to various aspects of the economy and its importance increases with the increase in the volume of external indebtedness, as an increase in the budget deficit will negatively affect the rate of economic growth. The research started from the hypothesis that there is a negative impact of the increase in the budget deficit on the growth rate in Mexico. The research used Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model, which was appropriate to the nature of the research’s data. The research covered the period (1990-2020), and reached a number of results, the most important of which was that there are negative effects of the budget deficit on the growth rate in Mexico. The research presented a number of recommendations, the most important of which was the establishment of sovereign funds to invest the surpluses of the general budget and benefit from its revenues in case of insufficiency of the state's public revenues

The research adopted the diagnosis of the dimensions of marketing improvisation (building the solution, intuition, innovation, adaptation, creativity, spontaneity) and knowing the extent and importance of this availability in the Real Estate Marketing Mpc Group-Lalav, as the research indicated that marketing improvisation is the best marketing strategy to deal with rapid changes in environmental requirements And participate actively through trial and error to determine the understanding of the reality of the company in conditions of work pressure and uncertainty, from here the main objective of the research focuses on diagnosing the reality of the dimensions of marketing improvisation in enhancing the reality of the company by taking advantage of these dimensions in the field of marketing. The researchers sought to include a number of questions expressing the research problem, which were the basis for building the field aspect of the research, the most important of which are:
1. Does the researched company adopt marketing improvisation as a means of understanding its marketing environment?
2. Does the researched company adopt all dimensions of marketing improvisation?
In order to answer the questions of the problem, the questionnaire was distributed to a sample of managers and workers at the company's headquarters and its sales branches, which numbered (85), and (82) were retrieved from them.
Through the results of a variable description and the dimensions of marketing improvisation and its diagnosis, we notice the concentration of the answers in their positive direction and a high agreement rate and in different proportions to their dimensions and sub-factors in the researched company.
The research concluded with a number of proposals and mechanisms for their implementation at the level of the researched organization, which was an attempt by us to strengthen some of the weak aspects that emerged in the results of the analysis.

This study seeks to identify the extent of interest of the researched organization in the study's main variables: market knowledge, distinctive capabilities, entertainment services marketing as well as identifying the integration between market knowledge and distinctive capabilities as two independent variables through their dimensions (knowledge of customers, knowledge of competitors, research and development market) (reputation, innovation, infrastructure) to enhance the reality of marketing entertainment services as an approved variable through its dimensions (economic dimension, social dimension, psychological dimension, environmental dimension, educational dimension) and from this point of view, the problem of the study was clarified with a number of questions, the main one being : (Does the integration between market knowledge and distinctive capabilities affect the promotion of the marketing of entertainment services in a better way if they were taken individually?)
In order to answer these questions, the researchers adopted the descriptive and analytical approaches, as well as adopting several hypotheses to address the subject in all its aspects and to test the validity of these hypotheses. A questionnaire was prepared for this purpose, and the recreational sites in the city of Mosul were a research field for the current study. While a sample consisted of (13) sites that the researchers were able to access and distribute the questionnaire forms to the workers, who numbered (145), and the data was analyzed using a number of statistical methods, and the ready-made statistical package program (SPSS26) was used, and the study reached a number of conclusions that were The most important of which is (enhancing the availability of the three study variables in recreational sites by giving each dimension of the study variables the same importance and looking at them according to the principle of complementarity, as they all represent distinct foundations and criteria for success in the context of the changing and competitive environment). Conclusions.

The study aims to know the impact of macroeconomic variables on the deficit in the balance of payments for Iraq for the period (1990-2021), and to show the extent of the impact of macroeconomic variables in bridging the balance of payments deficit, and to know the methods and mechanisms used to address imbalances in those balances, and to measure the relationship between those variables and their impact on The balance of payments deficit, as the Autoregressive Model (ARDL) was used within the software package (EVIEWS12) as a means of measurement, and proceeded from the hypothesis that there are many macroeconomic variables affecting the balance of payments, including monetary political variables and other economic variables such as Gross Domestic Product. Domestic product, exports and imports that have an influential role in the external deficit. The study reached a set of conclusions, most notably, the existence of a direct and significant relationship in the long term only between the nominal exchange rate, inflation, and the current account deficit and surplus, and the existence of a direct and significant relationship in the short and long term between GDP and the current account deficit and surplus, as well as the existence of an inverse and significant relationship in The short and long term between exports of goods and services and the current account deficit and surplus. Finally, there is a positive and significant relationship in the short and long term between imports of goods and services and the current account deficit and surplus. It is composed of a production, financial and service base, which contributes to finding other sources of income in addition to the economically weak sectors, and correcting the imbalance in the trade balance by adopting a flexible exchange rate policy directed towards increasing exports, as well as reducing the volume of imports and limiting it to the necessary investment and consumer goods that are in line with the policies Other economic factors that the local market is unable to provide in order to reduce vulnerability to external factors, which will in turn affect the internal balance

The research aims to measure and analyze the causal relationship between public debt and the exchange rate in a number of developing countries, namely (Iraq, Turkey, Peru, Egypt). The countries under study, the research covered the period (1990-2019), the research consisted of two aspects, the first was theoretical, which began with basic concepts and ended with an analysis of the relationship between public debt and the exchange rate, while the second aspect was concerned with quantitative analysis, in which I used a causal Kranger, and the research reached a number of The most important of the results was the existence of a unilateral and bidirectional causal relationship in the countries under study, which reinforced the hypothesis from which the research was launched. The researchers put forward a number of proposals, the most important of which were: achieving integration between monetary and financial policies, finding convergence between their tools, and addressing any imbalance or conflict between them, which relieves debt pressures to draw monetary policy and makes achieving its objectives of stabilizing the exchange rate or reducing inflation rates a goal within reach

The aim of the current research is to elucidate the role of green accounting in achieving sustainable performance within the research community represented by the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals. The research sample consisted of leaders, officials, and employees, totaling 140 individuals with decision-making authority and responsibility. To achieve this, the variable of green accounting was measured using three actual dimensions: commitment, economic efficiency, and strategic location. Meanwhile, the variable of sustainable performance was measured using three sub-dimensions: economic performance, social performance, and environmental performance. Based on the main research problem, an analytical descriptive approach was employed to obtain the results. The research relied on a set of statistical techniques, including the use of the Alpha Cronbach's coefficient, the split-half method, tests for normal distribution and descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and simple linear regression using the SPSS V.25 software. The research reached a number of conclusions, the most notable of which is the significant correlation between green accounting and its sub-dimensions, as well as sustainable performance. This indicates the interest of the researched institution in green accounting through the application of these three dimensions (commitment, economic efficiency, and strategic location). The research also provided a set of recommendations, the most important of which is for the management of the researched institution to increase focus on implementing green accounting and its dimensions, as they enhance and support sustainable performance. Additionally, it is crucial to establish a solid knowledge base, so decision-makers can benefit from the implementation of green accounting

The agricultural sector is of great importance in the economies of countries in general and its importance in the economies of developing countries in particular. Because it is subject to the effects of a number of macro-economic variables represented by agricultural imports and exports, revenue values, expenditures, exchange rate and money supply, which are independent variables used in standard models. Monetary and total public revenues in agricultural output in the group of developing Arab countries, with an inverse and significant relationship for each of imports, agricultural services and total public expenditures.

The current study sought to determine the brand and its role in customer retention through an analytical study of the opinions of a sample of employees at the Al-Karwanji Soft Drinks, Juice and Water Company in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq.
In its conceptual framework, the study adopted the issue of the brand as an independent variable, as well as addressing the issue of customer retention as a dependent variable. Brand dimensions (brand name, brand value, and brand reputation) customer retention dimensions (guidance, information systems, human resources, customer confidence, customer satisfaction), while the study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, while relying on a set of tools for collecting data and information, which are field visits and personal interviews, in addition to the questionnaire. Analyzing the results of the field side, the researcher developed a hypothetical scheme that reflects the nature of the correlation and influence relationships between the dimensions of the study variables through the use of the ready-made statistical program (SPSS v.24). The researched company.
Based on the conclusions reached through the study, the researcher presented a number of proposals that are consistent with these conclusions, the most important of which are:
• The research company is required to pay increasing attention to the brand variable in order to be able to keep pace with continuous growth and development as a major growth strategy in the business environment.

Due to the rapid developments in the world of technology and the impact of globalization on the rapid transfer of information, the banking sector has been greatly affected by this development. Therefore, banks have witnessed a shift towards providing electronic banking services. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the role of information and communication technology in developing the performance of Iraqi government banking in Anbar. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach, as one of the scientific research methods used in writing scientific research. Furthermore, the quantitative statistical method was employed to reveal the relationship between information and communication technology and the performance of the Iraqi government banking in Anbar, where the study population included Rafidain and Rashid Bank in (Ramadi, Fallujah, Anah, Rutba, Trebil, Arar) and the study samples was taken from (managers, assistant managers, division managers, information and communication technology employees IT).
The conclusion indicates that there is an application of the information technology dimensions by bank departments, but without the required ambition, and that one of the results of the study is the existence of a statistically significant role (a≤0.05) between information and communication technology and the performance developing of Iraqi government banking in Anbar. The adoption of modern technological systems in banking is one of the most important recommendations of this study.

The international arena at the end of the twentieth century witnessed important developments and changes, especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Countries had to review their economic, political and social paths. The world today is characterized by unprecedented characteristics and qualities represented in the scientific revolution that contributed to the liberation of human energies and the efficient exploitation of natural resources, in addition to technical achievements. Unprecedented, which contributed to increasing production and improving efficiency and effectiveness in various production processes, which achieved unlimited capabilities to innovate and develop production methods that are superior in quantity and quality, as a result of the massive revolution in the fields of information and communication and what it has achieved in linking the world’s economies with the rule of the new global economic system, and based on what Progress, the research assumed that the new global economic system has an impact on economic growth according to the logic of economic theory, and the research aims to identify this system and the developments and changes taking place in it and the extent of its impact on improving the standard of living and increasing economic growth for Egypt over the past three decades, and the standard analysis was used For the sample countries, time series data were relied upon to estimate the phenomenon under study.

The study aims to identify the impact played by the critical success factors in improving the performance of knowledge management, and the study problem centered in determining the relationship of the significant impact between the dimensions of the critical success factors in the performance of knowledge management, as seven universities affiliated to Nineveh Governorate were selected (University of Mosul, University of Nineveh , Al-Hamdaniya University, University of Fallujah, Northern Technical University, Al-Nour University, Al-Hadbaa University) field study, and the size of the total study population reached (5999) male and female teachers, using the simple random sample method, and the questionnaire was distributed to them, and the questionnaire retrieved was (362), the questionnaire was the good including for statistical analysis (311), which represents the size of the sample, and for the purpose of achieving the objectives and hypotheses of the study, a hypothetical scheme was formulated through which the nature of the relationship between the study variables and its dimensions was determined, and the research used the descriptive analytical approach in order to reach the results, and the questionnaire was a main tool for collecting data and information related to the field side For the study, the study relied on a set of descriptive statistical methods and used statistical analysis programs (AMOS V26) and (SPSS V25). Mosul, Nineveh University, Tal Afar University, Northern Technical University, Al-Hamdaniya University, Al-Hadbaa University, Al-Nour University).
Based on the results of the study, a set of proposals has been developed, the most important of which is that universities in general and the universities under study in particular must pay attention to critical success factors because of their important and effective role in improving the performance of knowledge management, and if universities want to achieve value and important social and scientific status, it is important to realize the importance and value of critical success factors.

This research aims to identify the level of after-sales services at durable goods stores in the city of Mosul. From this point of view, the main research problem was identified in not knowing the level of after-sales services for customers, and based on the importance of this topic, as after-sales services are all the activities carried out by the producer that enable the consumer to buy and obtain the best specifications that he finds from the goods, by increasing the benefits ins, and therefore will achieve the greatest possible satisfaction of his needs and desires, and its dimensions are represented (with warranty, maintenance, installation and operation, sale by installments), and the main research hypothesis was developed that the diagnosis of the reality of after-sales services provided by durable goods stores in the city of Mosul varies, and the questionnaire form was used as a main tool in collecting data and information, as it was distributed (160 A questionnaire on a sample of workers in durable goods stores in the city of Mosul.
After conducting the statistical analysis using the program (spss) and (Excel), the researchers reached a set of conclusions and proposals, the most important of which were:
1. From the results of describing and diagnosing the after-sales services variable and its dimensions, it was found that they are in the positive direction because all the arithmetic mean are higher than the hypothetical mean.
2. From the results of the description and diagnosis of the after-sales services variable, it came in the first place after selling by installments, in the second place it came after maintenance, in the third place it came after the warranty, and in the fourth place it came after installation and operation.
In light of the conclusions presented by the two researchers, some proposals can be made that will have a positive impact on the development of the researched stores, as follows:
The management of the surveyed stores should pay attention to developing the level of after-sales services, and urge their employees to pay attention to all dimensions of this variable in order to raise the level of customer confidence.
1. It is better to work on raising the level of weak dimensions, such as after selling by installments, as it had the lowest percentage of contribution.
2. The researched stores should be given attention by improving the dimensions of after-sales services according to the sequence of dimensions produced by this research.

The study sought to demonstrate the role of sales activation in promoting the brand, stimulating sales with its dimensions (free samples, coupons (vouchers), prizes, competitions) and the brand with its dimensions (brand name, brand reputation, brand value) by surveying the opinions of a sample of customers in some The stores of the city of Mosul, and the problem of the study lies and as a result of the intense competition and the presence of many similar products for many stores, which drives them to work to maintain their market share and at the same time try to use different methods in order to activate their sales available in the market and the hypothetical solution adopted by the researcher lies in the use of means of stimulating sales as a tool For the solution, and by means of the preliminary survey conducted by the researcher to a sample of customers of some stores in the city of Mosul, and through observation and observation, a certain perception and vision was formed about the role of stimulating sales in promoting the brand, and consistent with the foregoing, asking the following questions can contribute to clarifying the problem of the study:
To what extent did the surveyed stores adopt sales promotion methods?
The aim of the study is mainly to determine the role between sales activation and the brand, and to clarify the contents and limits of this role at the level of the study community. Data related to the field aspect of the respondents, a sample of some customers of Mosul city stores was tested to conduct the study and its size was (203) individuals, and a set of statistical methods were relied upon to process and analyze the data and (SPSS Ver.23) and (EXCEL) were used. In order to reach the results, (250) questionnaires were distributed and (203) valid forms were retrieved for analysis, and the study reached a set of conclusions and proposals.

The current research aims to test the relationship between organizational cynicism in its dimensions (belief, emotional, behavioral) and job performance in its dimensions (Altruism, task performance, Conscientiousness) among a sample of (66) teaching staff from the College of Administration and Economics - University of Baghdad. The data was collected using the questionnaire form, based on its analysis on the statistical program (SPSS) and using several statistical methods, as well as relying on the descriptive analytical approach, and the most prominent findings of the research were that there is an inverse relationship between organizational cynicism and job performance, and in the light of these results a set of conclusions and recommendations were formulated

The study aims to identify the role of digital transformation in promoting proactive behavior, as the dimensions of digital transformation were chosen based on the relevant literature, which were (support for senior management, strategic directions, infrastructure, human resources), while the dimensions of proactive behavior were (taking over Responsibility, individual innovation, vocal behavior, preventing the occurrence of a problem) for a sample of administrative leaders at the University of Mosul, which included (the president of the university and his scientific and administrative assistants, deans of colleges and their assistants, heads of departments and scientific branches), the questionnaire was relied upon as a main tool in data collection The size of the target research community was (209), where the questionnaire was distributed to all the research community, but the correct number retrieved is (205) individuals, with a response rate of (99%). The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach in the practical aspect of the research. The study sought to test the research model and the hypotheses emanating from it related to the correlations and influence relationships between the variables of the study, in order to answer questions related to the problem of the study, the most important of which was "What is the nature of the correlation and influence relationship between digital transformation and behavioral dimensions?" In order to process data and information, several statistical methods were used, namely: (frequencies, percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, response ratio, Pearson correlation coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis), by adopting ready-made software (SPSS v.26). ) and (Amos v.24) package to test the hypotheses of the study and ensure their validity.The study reached a set of conclusions, including the existence of a significant correlation and impact between digital transformation and the dimensions of proactive behavior among the administrative leaders at the University of Mosul, and based on the results of the study It has developed a set of proposals, the most important of which is the need for the university to prepare training programs and make them one of the most important priorities that administrative leaders should focus on, which they use as an effective tool to develop the competencies necessary to perform electronic work and to keep pace with the process of digital transformation and provide greater opportunity for the use and application of modern technology.

The current research aims to investigate the availability of some practices and mechanisms in order to achieve and adopt the components of applying comprehensive marketing as a philosophy and an essential component in the culture of the researched company. On this basis, the importance of the research lies in defining the researched company with the clear role that comprehensive marketing plays in marketing their products as well as motivating customers to acquire them. Lack of awareness of the importance of applying holistic marketing in the researched company.
To reach this, the current study adopted the questionnaire form as a main tool for collecting data on the current reality of the study variable in the researched company, which was analyzed using statistical tools in order to achieve the objectives of the study and test its hypotheses, and by relying on the statistical program (SPSS V.26), and the study concluded in the light of what was presented by the practical side It has a number of conclusions, perhaps the most important of which showed the results of the description and diagnosis of the two variables of the current study with regard to the independent variable (holistic marketing in its dimensions). The general rate of this variable was in a positive direction for the answers of the respondents. Based on these conclusions, a set of proposals were presented to the departments of the surveyed company, including the need to increase the awareness of the departments of the surveyed company about the important role played by holistic marketing in its four dimensions (integrated marketing, internal marketing, relationship marketing, and performance marketing) in supporting the marketing of their products

The current research seeks to diagnose the nature of the correlation and influence relationship and its interpretation between social responsibility on institutional performance in a group of pharmaceutical industrial companies in Iraq, according to the descriptive analytical approach. Assistant director, branch managers, department managers), and the researcher adopted the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection, through the standards that were adopted, to process the data, the statistical analysis program (Spss) was used, and to know the research hypotheses and access to the test results, multiple statistical methods were used The most important of these methods (Pearson correlation coefficient, regression coefficient, percentages, arithmetic averages, standard variances), the study aims to find out the extent of social responsibility enjoyed by the aforementioned industrial enterprises, and at the level of their social performance, and at the level of environmental performance as well, and to examine the relationship The link between this responsibility and institutional performance (physical, environmental and social), and to identify the quality of the elements enjoyed by the Iraqi companies that we have studied. The need to pay more attention to private institutions for their employees, improve their quality of life, develop their skills, and view them as a long-term investment

The research aims to identify the impact of the relationship between the foundations of knowledge partnerships and the marketing of intellectual property rights. For this reason, 19 public and private universities were selected as a field of study, and the study relied on the descriptive analytical approach. The study population and sample is represented by the university leaders in the surveyed universities, and their number reached (404). They were intentionally chosen by the researchers, as they are the decision-makers in the surveyed universities. The data was collected through the questionnaire from the sample, which was distributed directly to the researched sample and retrieved from it (226) valid for statistical analysis to find out the correlation and effect between the two main variables of the study and their dimensions. A set of results was reached, the most important of which is the existence of an impact between the pillars of knowledge partnerships and the marketing of intellectual property rights, and a set of recommendations were presented to discuss.

يهدف البحث الى اختيار المجهز الافضل في ميدان الدراسة عن طريق تطبيق معايير الاختيار الجديدة التي استحدثها ظهور الصناعة 4.0 وباستعمال اسلوب التحليل الهرمي. تشير مشكلة البحث الى افتقار موقع البحث للأسس والمقاييس الجديدة في اختيار المجهز الانسب لتجهيز مادة حامض السلفونيك المستوردة والتي تدخل كمادة فعالة في صناعات المنظفات, مما ادى الى قصور وتأخير في وصول هذه المادة ووصلت فترات التجهيز الى ثلاثة اشهر مما تسبب في توقف الانتاج في المصنع. وقد استخدم الباحث منهج دراسة الحالة لغرض تطبيق البحث في خط انتاج مساحيق التنظيف الصلبة في مصنع المأمون التابع للشركة العامة للمنتجات الغذائية. جرى ضم المعايير الجديدة الى معايير الاختيار السابقة والتي شكل مجموعها (20) معيار, وعرضت على (10) مسؤولين عن التخطيط والتجهيز في الشركة, وقد حصل كل من معيار (التعاون والمشاركة الرقمية, والسعر, والجودة, والقدرات التكنولوجية) حسب الترتيب على العدد الاكبر من التوافقات بوصفها أهم المعايير التي ينبغي ان يخضع اليها المجهزون عند اختيارهم. واشارت نتائج البحث الى وجوب التعاقد مع الشركة السعودية كخيار اول لتجهيز حامض السلفونيك, والشركة الاماراتية كخيار ثاني, تتبعها الشركة الايرانية.

This research aims to find out the extent of the impact of strategic alertness in achieving the perceived quality of work life in a sample of staff from the University of Fallujah, A questionnaire was designed and distributed to a stratified random sample, And the perceived quality of work life, and the results revealed that there is a correlation and influence for the dimensions of strategic alertness represented by "competitive alertness, technological alertness, marketing alertnrss, environmental alertness" on the perceived quality of work life represented by "economic security, social relations at work, feasibility of work, independence in action, participation in decision making

The current research aims to know the importance of the role of employee relations management in enhancing organizational commitment. The research problem was represented in an important question, which is (Is there a correlation and influence relationship between the management of employee relations and organizational commitment) and to explain the relationship between the main research variables, two main hypotheses of correlation and influence were formulated and sub-hypotheses were derived from them.
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the analytical descriptive approach was used to survey the opinions of a number of employees working at Al-Mustansiriya University, as the sample included (75) employees from the total community of (133) employees from the employees. To analyze the data, the statistical program SPSS and the EXCEL program were used, and the statistical methods used are (Spearman's correlation coefficient and simple linear regression coefficient).
The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that there is a high level of employee relations management in enhancing organizational commitment in the university under study, and the existence of a significant and positive correlation between employee relations management and organizational commitment

The research aims to demonstrate the impact of risk disclosure in attracting foreign investment, particularly in Iraqi banks. The research deals with the concept and importance of risk disclosure. As well as clarifying the concept and types of investment, and then the reality of foreign investment in Iraq. And discussing the relationship between the research variables, as the researchers relied on the informational content analysis method to measure the search variables in a sample of 15 Iraqi banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange. For a period of ten years from 2012-2021. The research found that there is a significant negative relationship between risk disclosure and foreign investment, which in turn indicates that the higher the level of negative risk disclosure, the lower the level of foreign investment is accompanied by. The results of the research also concluded that there is a negative effect of risk disclosure in attracting foreign investment in the research sample banks, and this indicates that the high level of risk disclosure is caused directly or indirectly.

The research seeks to measure and analyze the effect of public spending on the non-oil revenues of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and to indicate the extent to which fiscal policy is capable of bringing about a shift in the structure of public revenues for the period 1980-2020, by using the ARDL-Auto regressive Distributed Lag methodology based on the hypothesis That the path of non-oil revenues is related to the volume of investment spending in a greater proportion than the effect left by current spending. The research also assumes the existence of a co-integration relationship between the variables of the model in the short and long term. Accordingly, the research reached, through the results of the estimate, to confirm its hypothesis that there is a significant and long-term relationship between each of the current spending, investment spending, and non-oil revenues, emphasizing the relative importance of investment spending in increasing non-oil revenues. Oil, in addition to confirming the existence of a short-term relationship that proves that the speed of return to the long-term equilibrium will be after a year and seven days, which is the period necessary to avoid all shocks in the short term, and based on the foregoing, the research recommends those in charge of fiscal policy to continue to support investment spending by increasing Its allocations and improving its directions, to preserve what has been achieved of remarkable relative development in the structure of public spending and public revenues and to create opportunities and an appropriate economic climate for the business sector to engage in many activities that contribute to increasing the share of non-oil revenues

The research aims to estimate the impact of oil prices on employment rates in Iraq for the period (1970-2022) using the NARDL model, as well as knowing the extent of the impact of a shock in oil prices on employment rates in Iraq. The research concluded that there is a long-term non-linear direct relationship between oil prices and operating rates in Iraq, in addition to that an increase in oil prices by (1%) will lead to an increase in operating rates by (0.405%), while a decrease in oil prices by (1%) will lead to a decrease in operating rates by (0.716%), and a shock in oil prices in global markets (high oil prices) will lead to an increase in operating rates in Iraq, which reaches its peak about three years after the occurrence of the oil shock and then begins to decline. A decrease to reach a peak after about five years (eight years of the oil shock), after which it begins to rise by a small percentage for one year, after which the impact of the shock will disappear (after ten years).

The research aimed to reveal the relationship and impact between attentive leadership through its dimensions (control skill, high performance, sensory and motor perception, rapid response) and the variable of psychological fragility of the human resource through its dimensions (excessive emotion, work exhaustion, quick anger, loss of pleasure, feeling. Low self-esteem, love of control. The research problem was based on the vigilant role of leadership in confronting psychological pressures that leave the employee in a state of confusion and inability to perform his job duties. For this reason, a hypothetical model was formulated for the study, and in order to confirm the validity of the main hypothesis, it was subjected to multiple tests to confirm its validity. The research used the questionnaire as a basic means of obtaining data, as well as the descriptive analytical method as a study method, which consists of two measures: vigilant leadership and the psychological fragility of the human resource. It was used to support and enhance these concepts and focus on university leaders who have a role in controlling the work environment and its repercussions on performance according to the principle of responsiveness. Rapid recognition of the opportunities and threats facing the university. The research applied random sampling in selecting (50) individuals from university leaders at Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University. Data were collected from main sources using a questionnaire form. The data was analyzed using a number of statistical methods, including (normal distribution test, descriptive analysis, hypothesis testing.
The results were extracted using the computer program (smart PLS 4), and one of the most prominent findings of the research is that vigilant leadership has a major role in reducing the psychological fragility of the human resource by addressing it to understand the feelings of individuals and the dimensions of cases of sadness and disappointment and working to solve problems or disputes at the level of The work environment or at the family level by instilling morale, making the individual able to build his goals realistically, motivating him to be better than he actually is, searching for success, and not allowing feelings of resentment and pain to aggravate that may affect the individual as a result of personal or psychological circumstances.

The importance of this study emerges from its topic, which is the study of renewable energy from the weather station in the city of Al-Qaim, among the Iraqi weather stations. The research included the time series of monthly data for climate elements (solar radiation and wind speed) from the year 2018 to 2022 taken from the weather station in the city of Al-Qaim. The nature of this series was explained using SPSS and time series for these two elements was stabilized by taking the first difference of the data through the use of the expanded Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test In the program (Eviews) and using statistical standards (SBIC, HQC, AIC, MAPE, RMSE) for the purpose of comparing the possible models, it was concluded that the ARIMA (2,1,1) model represents the data of the time series of solar radiation and the ARIMA (4,1, 3) It represents time series data for wind speed. These models were used for the purpose of forecasting the future for the years 2023 and 2024 using the (Statgraphics-17) program. The predicted results showed that there is a decrease in the level of both elements, and each of them is directly proportional to time

This study came to analyze and clarify the nature of the activity of trade in services in Iraq and present the conceptual framework for it and its importance, as exports and imports of services contribute a percentage to the gross domestic product despite the imbalance in the trade balance and the balance of payments, and that the main objective in developing this activity is to benefit from the revenues It is used to finance the state budget in addition to oil revenues. This is done through a study analyzing the development of trade in services in Iraq for the last 22 years. The most important result of the study is that Iraq is an oil state and finances all sectors mainly from oil revenues, and any change in oil prices affects the overall movement of the economy, including trade in services. This activity is hampered in addition to the fact that the contribution of trade in services to the gross domestic product is small. In light of this result, it was proposed to oblige the government to provide an appropriate infrastructure to develop this activity and improve its production efficiency, because most studies confirm that trade in services will become the largest activity and the largest contribution to the gross domestic product and in the near future.

The long-term dependence on the rentier (oil) economy caused public sector to inflation at the expense of the private sector. It caused an increase in unemployment in the Iraqi economy in general and the economy of Nineveh Governorate in particular, this weakened in private sector, led to lose its importance as one of the pillars of employment and economic development. The first step to expanding employment options is to estimate the size of the workforce along with their age groups, and then determine the size of the unemployed so that the planning process towards creating new jobs is sound, consistent, and in line with activating the private sector to accommodate the largest number of unemployed. A fundamental problem has been highlighted, which is the reality of the private sector is characterized by being inactive. How can it create new jobs in a labor market that is characterized as young and contains a large number of unemployed people who are increasing annually? How much time do we need to create new jobs annually? The comprehensive survey by the International Labor Organization and the Iraqi Ministry of Planning showed that the largest governorates in unemployment rates are; Nineveh with (33%) percent, followed by Muthanna with (27) percent, then Dhi Qar with (26%) percent and Basra with (22%) percent. It turns out that Iraq needs approximately to: (300-450) thousand new jobs annually, corresponding to the provision of (49-67) thousand new jobs annually in Nineveh Governorate until 2030, assuming that the average rate of the unemployed officially approved in Iraq is about 15% of the population

The research aims to test the relationship between inspirational leadership as an inde-pendent variable and organizational happiness as a dependent variable in departments, divisions and units in Haditha General Hospital. The descriptive analytical method was adopted in completing the research by collecting data from officials of departments, divisions and units, as the research sample consisted of (70) individuals in general. I mean intentional, and it is one of the non-random methods represented by each of the following (director, assistant director, department director, division officials, unit officials). Statistical methods represented by (SPSS) and (AMOS) statistical programs were used, as well as the arithmetic mean, relative impo-rtance, standard deviation, as well as the coefficient Cronbach's alpha, and one of the most prominent findings of the research is the presence of a clear and tangible effect of inspirational leadership on organizational happiness within the work of the organization under study. The higher the practice of inspired leadership behavior by managers, the higher the percentage of organizational happiness among employees, as well as the existence of a reciprocal relationship between the research variables. The most prominent recommend-ations are to encourage administrative officials in hospital administration to work with modern concepts in management and use them as an administrative method in their daily work by spreading the culture of research variables concepts with practical frameworks that automatically support application.

The research aims to know the impact of fluctuations in exchange rates on the balance of payments in Iraq for the period 2004-2021. The results proved that fluctuations in exchange rates have an impact on the balance of payments, as it had an effective role in creating a state of deficit or surplus and addressing the imbalance that occurs in it, and the exchange rates witnessed... A clear stability after the year 2004 due to the positive role of the currency selling window, and that Iraq suffers from a weakness in the production system and is unable to meet the market demand for consumer goods, as we find that there is a steady growth of consumer goods, and the results of the analysis also proved that crude oil occupies the largest percentage of the total Exports and being free of other oil derivatives, which if exploited would have a significant economic return. The results of the Kranger causality test proved that there is one relationship that goes from the exchange rate to imports. On the other hand, there was no relationship that goes from the exchange rate to exports, and just as there was no relationship that went from Exports and imports to the exchange rate. The researcher recommends the necessity of adopting clear strategies for economic diversification and working not to rely on a single source to finance the general budget in order to avoid any fluctuations occurring in the global economy. It is necessary to increase production of other oil derivatives and work to export them because they will achieve profitable returns. It is less important than oil revenues, which leads to an increase in the strength of the country’s economy.

The research aims to analyze the reality of the Algerian economy and economic growth in addition to trade openness in light of globalization. The research hypothesis was based on a set of economic indicators that express trade openness (degree of trade openness, foreign direct investment, economic globalization, customs tariffs), which have a negative role in The commercial growth of Algeria. The research derives its importance from the importance of trade openness to contemporary economies since the nineties of the last century and its impact on the economic growth of various countries, including Algeria in question, in light of the processes of liberalization of foreign trade, foreign direct investment coming from abroad, economic globalization, and the reduction of customs tariffs. The research reached the following conclusions: There were many conclusions, the most important of which was that economic growth is positively affected by an increase in the ratio of total trade to GDP, and an increase in foreign direct investment, while it is negatively affected by the variables of economic globalization and customs tariffs. The research also reached many proposals, the most important of which is to increase the durability and strength of the economy. Algerian, the competent authorities should work to increase trade openness by moving from a centralized economy to a free economy that works to increase economic growth, correct structural imbalances in the economy, and increase job opportunities, as well as strengthening the role of the private sector.

The research aims to know the capabilities and possibilities of the effect of the dimensions of spiritual leadership represented (vision, hope, faith, sublimation) as well as the effect of the dimensions of the emotional balance represented (self-confidence, tension control, proof, safety of thinking) and its effect on building the dimensions of psychological resilience (sympathy, personal competence, Solution of problems, flexibility) in the Diyala Governorate Court, the research relied on the descriptive analytical approach that gives the possibility to use the description in forming an intellectual framework, and through the sources and references that relate to the problem of the research, the main research assignments of the represented "Is there for the dimensions of spiritual leadership and emotional balance a relationship A statistically significant correlation and impact in building psychological resilience capabilities, and on the basis of hypotheses, and for the purpose of enriching the research with data and information that make the research achieve its objectives, these data and information were collected from references, sources, and periodicals related to the subject of the research. On the analytical side, a group of statistical tools were relied upon, represented by (The mathematical milieu, standard deviation, and the Person correlation laboratory, multiple decline factories, and linear decline) that explain the axes and variables of research and the most important thing related to the topic of research in a way that enables to answer it in a clear and clear way, was distributed to the spatial research sample represented by the Diyala Governorate Court that represents a community The researcher included 68 responding individuals from the decision makers in the Diyala Governorate Office. The results of the research were reached, which included the theoretical and scientific aspects, the most important of which was that there was a multiple effect with significant statistical significance for spiritual leadership as well as emotional balance in building psychological resilience capabilities.

The research aims to analyze and evaluate the efficiency of the economic performance of the General Company for the Automotive Industry in Iraq for the period from 2015 to 2018, due to the decline in the economic performance of that industry during the research period and after its merger with the General Company for the Automotive Industry and the General Company for Mechanical Industries, which required evaluating its economic performance, identifying deviations, and developing solutions. To process it.
The research reached the most important conclusions based on the results of the indicator analysis, the most important of which is that the company’s performance was not at the level required by the production standards that were used. The company achieved losses throughout the study period due to ignoring many factors such as the market situation and changes in the prices of raw materials and the sources of obtaining them, and thus We recommend paying attention to the internal control system and identifying the strengths and weaknesses in order to identify the gaps and address them by the company’s management and deal with losses.

This research aims to identify mechanisms for strengthening the components of the integrated (COSO) framework for internal control through quality costs technique and thus achieving sustainable growth. To achieve this goal, the descriptive analytical approach was relied upon in this study, and a questionnaire was designed and distributed to a sample of accountants and auditors working in financial institutions in Nineveh Governorate. The study adopted the random sampling method in distributing questionnaire forms to the study population consisting of (40) financial institutions, and the response rate was 75%. The research data was analyzed and its hypotheses were tested using the statistical analysis program (SPSS V.23). The results indicated that there is a positive and significant correlation between quality cost technique ‎and the COSO framework, and between the COSO framework and sustainable growth. The results also proved that the COSO framework mediates the relationship between quality cost technique ‎ and sustainable growth. The study recommended the need for financial institutions to pay attention to quality cost reports because of their major role in strengthening the internal control system and achieving sustainable growth

The research aims to discuss a very important topic, which is the real and monetary sources of nominal exchange rate fluctuations, taking the Greek economy as a model for countries that joined the European Union late. Greece abandoned its local currency against the euro in 2001 after a series of excessive fluctuations, and the research began from the hypothesis that Monetary and real shocks are the main explanation for fluctuations in the nominal exchange rate, but the effect of the monetary shock affects the short term, while the effect of the real shock affects the long term. The model was used to estimate the research model, which covered the period (1990-2020), and it was concluded that The research yielded a number of results, the most notable of which was Greece’s transition from excessive fluctuations in the nominal exchange rate to relative stability due to the adoption of the euro instead of the drachma, in addition to the monetary shock affecting the short and long term, while the real shock affects the long term only. The research developed a number Of the proposals that are consistent with the results reached.

This study aimed to determine the extent of the impact of non-equity financing represented by (deposit sources of financing, non-deposit financing sources) on the profitability of banks represented by ratios (return on investments, net income margin ratio), as it is an important ratio in evaluating profitability ,and to achieve this goal, the study addressed with a content analysis method for the annual financial statements of Iraqi banks for the period from 2014 to 2022, and correlation and regression models were used in the statistical program (SPSS) to examine the relationship and impact between the dimensions, The study concluded that there is a significant and relationship and impact of the non- equity financing structure in all its dimensions on banks’ profitability ratio, and the impact was significant, ranged between positive and negative, The study recommended the need for Iraqi commercial banks to invest the non-equity financing structure represented by deposits and non-deposits in terms compatible with their maturities in order to achieve returns and improve profitability rates and not to leave these sources disabled in the banks of the study sample with taking into account the liquidity ratios.

The research sought to test the applicability of the local capital asset pricing models (CAPM) and international (ICAPM) in the Iraqi environment through the theoretical and experimental integration of the two models, and to reach the most accurate model in interpreting the stock returns of five banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange in light of the risks facing them after obtaining monthly data for the sample banks for the period (May 2022-June 2023). Using the statistical ordinary least squares method under the Eviews10 software .The research concluded the failure of both the local and international models to explain the fluctuations of stock returns in the Iraqi stock market, because they are subject to psychological variables dominated by investor behavior. Or it may be internal, due to the characteristics of the banks themselves, as well as the lack of influence of international indicators on them. The research recommended to adoption an asset pricing model adjusted for business risks and within the framework of operational and economic leverage.

This research seeks to demonstrate the impact of strategic entrepreneurship obstacles on enhancing marketing success by following the method of analytical study using the questionnaire form as a measure of the study, in addition to clarifying the relationships of correlation and impact between the two variables. The research was conducted relying on two basic aspects, the first being a descriptive documentary represented by reviewing a number of Literature to clarify the theoretical background for both strategic leadership and marketing success that the researchers presented in their scientific products. The second method is an analytical method, through an exploratory study in light of the preparation of a questionnaire prepared for the purpose of collecting data and information related to the research. The researchers sought to include a number of questions that express The research problem, which was the basis from which the research methodology was started and relied upon in the field aspect, the most important of which was the main question: Is there an impact of the obstacles of strategic leadership on enhancing marketing success? To answer these questions, a hypothetical research plan was formulated through which it reflects the relationships and influences between the two research variables, which It resulted in a set of main and sub-hypotheses that were tested using a number of statistical methods for the data collected through the questionnaire that was distributed to (40) individuals surveyed in the researched organization, which was represented by the Northern Cement Company. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of influence relationships for the obstacles to strategic leadership on Marketing success in light of the answers of the individuals surveyed.
Based on the conclusions reached by the research, both theoretical and field, proposals were presented consistent with these conclusions, as well as proposals for future studies related to the current dimensions of the research.

The current research aims to determine the role of strategic physiognomy in competitive priorities in the University College of Knowledge. The descriptive analytical approach was adopted in the research, and an attempt is made to come up with several recommendations that contribute to the role of strategic physiognomy in competitive priorities in the organization under research .The research community included administrative leaders represented by Assistant Dean (Department Head, Department Rapporteur, Division Director, Unit Director) The sample was intentionally selected (54), from whom the questionnaire was relied upon in collecting research data, and the statistical program (SPSS) as well as the Excel program was adopted in analyzing the data, The research concluded that the leaders of the University College of Knowledge possess strategic physiognomy and vision and possess the ability to adapt to a wide range of possible changes, which is a requirement for survival and continuity in the long term. The recommendations included increasing interest in creativity as a source of excellence, and providing material and moral support for modern creative ideas.

This study aims to evaluate the performance of the monetary sterilization policy in reducing inflation in Iraq during the period 2005-2019. As a result of the rentier nature of the Iraqi economy and its heavy reliance on cash flows resulting from crude oil exports, it has led to the accumulation of foreign reserves, which may cause undesirable effects from this accumulation, represented by an increase in the money supply and a continuous rise in the general level of prices. Therefore, it has become necessary for the Central Bank of Iraq to intervene through the use of unconventional tools to reduce these effects within the framework of a policy of sterilizing the money supply resulting from the increase in aggregate demand generated by the budget through its public expenditures. The research reached a number of conclusions that the inflation rate in Iraq is not due to monetary reasons only, but rather to external factors, as the Iraqi economy is affected by the inflation of trading partners due to its heavy dependence on imports, which is known as imported inflation. The monetary sterilization coefficient index showed the contribution of the monetary sterilization policy pursued by the Central Bank of Iraq in controlling the growth of the monetary supply and reducing inflation within acceptable rates. The most prominent recommendations of the research were to activate the role of the banking sector in the investment process by encouraging commercial banks to employ surplus liquidity to finance productive projects in the industrial and agricultural sectors. The authorities must pursue a policy of diversifying sources of income by expanding the production base of all sectors (agriculture, industry, and services) to avoid the disturbances occurring in oil prices and their negative impact on the Iraqi economy. Based on the results of the study, the central bank’s policy has contributed to absorbing part of the liquidity, reducing inflation rates, and achieving price stability during the study period.