Journal of Education for Humanities

One of the factors that lead to the development of the poetic connotation is the poet’s urgent need for a new technique or a new method that he pleads with; To express a new meaning, it was not used intentionally in Arabic poetry, but in modern and contemporary Arabic poetry, and because of the development of arts and their techniques, methods and means, and the cross-pollination between all arts, and the ingenuity of poets in bringing and employing a technique from an art such as the technique of the shot from the cinema, Cinema is a new expressive mechanism that entered the poem as a strong sign that develops the capabilities of the modern poem, as it interfered with the essence of poetic sensitivity and contributed to the production of its aesthetics and the formation of its visions, and supplemented its model with everything possible to achieve the highest possible level of its poetic strength in terms of the structural formula and communication in the reception, To occupy a large and important area of the visual image, through its openness to various cinematic mechanisms such as the shot technique, and its poetic employment in their texts.

The period between 1999-2011 witnessed political developments in both China and Sudan, and the political relations between the two countries were constructive relations, whether through diplomatic representation or through providing support and assistance to each of them in resolving the crises and challenges faced by both countries, an example of which is China’s support Sudan and its support with regard to the problem of Darfur, as well as its support in resolving the problem of southern Sudan, and what it suffered in general from the devastating civil wars, so it always called for a peaceful solution to all the crises and wars that afflicted it, so China had an important role in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement that was signed in order to stop The fighting in the south, and it also had a role in the Darfur problem, and it established a consulate for it in Juba in order to monitor the situation closely, and Sudan also had a role in supporting China in order to obtain a permanent seat in the Security Council, and the political relations between China and Sudan are in continuous development even after the secession of the south in 2011.

The objective of the current research is to build a measure of self-efficacy among the students of the University of Mosul and to identify the level of self-efficacy among the students of the University of Mosul, as well as to identify the differences in the level of self-efficacy among the students of the University of Mosul according to the variables of gender, specialization, and class. The subjectivity that was prepared in this research on a sample of (700) male and female students who were chosen in a stratified random way from the faculties of the University of Mosul.
1. Mosul University students have a good level of self-efficacy.
2. There are no statistically significant differences in the level of self-efficacy according to the variable of (gender and academic grade).
3. There are statistically significant differences in the level of self-efficacy in favor of students of the humanities major.
in order to complete the desired benefit from the current research, the two researchers presented a number of recommendations and proposals.

Grammatical interpretation is one of the approach of Arabic, especially the deletion, it is one of the broadest manifestations of interpretation, it included one of all three types of word in the Efsah book, including the deletion of interjection preposition, as it may be deleted from the speech and keep its function , and this is widely common in the Arabic, and it was deleted twelve times in Efsah book, and Fariqi refers in many verses that the interjection is deleted, yet function remained.

Perhaps the study of the ancient Arabic text is highly sensitive to the size of the problems that characterized it, perhaps the first of which is the oral and written crisis, which we will stop at the introduction to the theorizing research. It is clear, which we expressed by saying (the confrontation crisis), and it was represented in several situations, of which our analytical stance will be optional due to the narrow scope of one research to mention it and the wideness of the discussion about it and the diversity of texts between poetry and prose. The books of history, biography, literature, translations and genealogy, which are the core of the material that we have extracted and from which we collected the sample of our research.

Abu Bakr Ibn al-Arabi had a large collection of literature in the Arab Islamic Library, including what we have reached in manuscript, and many of them have written his name in the translation books in the course of her talk about Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi. Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi, especially as it varied and varied, and almost every book of his books had a reason that called him to write it, and that is certainly after the main scientific motive.

The subject of this research is the quranic recitations as one of the bases and sources adopted in grammar and they are considered as fundamentals of Arabic grammar. Ibn AlWardi methodology in mentioning them will be tackled in this research as the quranic recitations had their own presence in the explanation of Ibn AlWardi to Alfeyyat Ibn Malik in his book Tahreer AlKhasasah Fi Tayseer AlKhulasa although the number was small compared to other evidences from the Quran, Hadith, poetry and prose. The study identified various images in which Ibn AlWardi mentioned the quran recitations and sometimes he employed them alone and others with other evidences. He mentioned a number of recurrent and common recitations for the seven reciters and also mentioned the non-recurrent recitations for other reciters without stating that mentioning only that they are merely recitations. The study concluded that the quranic recitations for Ibn AlWardi is a source of hearing just as the other sources and there is no difference between them.

Displacement is considered a departure from the norm, and step aside from the prevailing language in the scientific language. Poetic language is essentially based on deviations and predicate evasions that the creator creates. In order to charge his poetic discourse with intense suggestive cards of significance and poetic vision. As the displacement contributes to enriching the aesthetic value of the text, as it disturbs expectations which raises the astonishment of the recipient, and engage him in the creative process, which is what reception theory seeks. Studies on displacement have recently witnessed an increasing growth in the field of literary and critical studies.
Therefore, it was appropriate for this study to stand on the phenomenon of displacement in the poetry of Farouk Juwaida, by focusing on the most prominent manifestations represented in: semantic and structural displacement, and the statement of the aesthetic and impactful value of its employment.

There is no doubt that the woman was and still constitutes an essential axis in the movement of Arab poetry from its birth to this day, and Al-Sayyab, who is one of the most prominent poets who renewed the march of modern Arab poetry, has knocked on the door of women as a mother, wife and lover, and has excelled in highlighting her human image in its many forms. This was reflected in his abundant and fertile poetic output at the same time, as the woman in Al-Sayyab’s poetry no longer represents a sensual image only, but rather formed a larger space in his poetic and even human composition. Its simplicity to shed light on the most important main stations at which Al-Sayyab stopped poetry in women, starting from the poet’s childhood and taking the woman as a symbol and employing it in the right direction to serve his poetic purpose and ending with linking the artistic image and its identification with the issue of women and highlighting its different forms and colors as these topics revolved around two topics, (The first topic, the woman Between the poet’s childhood and the puberty of poetry) As for the second topic (the woman and the symbol in al-Sayyab’s poetry)

Syriac sources are an important source in the study of Arab-Islamic history, because it provided important information and facts about history.
The Syriac sources were distinguished by their distinction and their interest in the economic aspects. The reason is due to the fact that the church’s revenues, workers’ lives and incomes, taxes, economic life, and crises that occur constitute religious and ecclesiastical economic interest, so these sources paid attention to this aspect.
The aim of the research is to stand at one of the important Syriac literature and try to benefit from what was mentioned in it on the economic side.

This research included identifying the impact of the cooperative integration strategy of fragmented information in developing the holistic thinking of the Arabic language for fourth-grade students of middle school. 2021-2022) from Rashidiya Preparatory School for Boys. The sample number was (75) students, which were divided into two groups: the first was an experimental group and consisted of (36) students who studied according to the strategy of cooperative integration of fragmented information, and the second was a control group, which included (39) students who studied the subject in the usual way. The researchers used the experimental design with equal groups and conducted the equivalence process on the two research groups in a number of variables, including (chronological age in months, intelligence quotient, the student’s general average degree level, the achievement of the parents’ level).
To achieve the goal of the research, the presence of a tool was required. As for the tool: it was a measure of holistic thinking and consisted of (38) paragraphs. Its validity, stability, and strength of distinction were verified. After preparing the teaching plans and the two tools, the experiment was applied by the researcher himself in the first course of the academic year (2021-2022). On Saturday (13/11/2021) and continued until Monday (10/1/2022), the experiment took a full course, with three lessons per week for each group. After completing the experiment, the two tools were applied to the sample members. After data collection and identification Statistically using the follow-up statistical methods according to the statistical program Spss, the results forced the following: There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the students of the experimental group that was studied according to the cooperative integration of the fragmented information and the average scores of the students of the control group that studied according to the usual method and in favor of the experimental group in the development of holistic thinking among the class students Fourth prep. In light of the results of the research, the research came out with several conclusions, including, that the use of the cooperative integration strategy for fragmented information had an impact on developing the holistic thinking of the students of the experimental group. Arabic language and complete the research or put the researcher in future research.

The research aims to identify The effectiveness of the thinking acceleration model in the achievement of the fourth preparatory grade students in Arabic language
The research aims to identify the effectiveness of the thinking acceleration model in the achievement of the fourth preparatory grade students of Arabic language.
To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher developed a null hypothesis, which is as follows:
1-There is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group students who study according to the acceleration thinking model, and the average scores of the control group students who study according to the usual method in the test.
As for the research sample, it was intentionally selected from the research community and it consisted of students of the fourth scientific grade at (Al-Hikma Preparatory School for Boys) in the city of Mosul for the first course of the academic year (2021- 2022 AD), and its number reached (64) students distributed into two experimental and control groups. By (32) students for the experimental group that studied according to the acceleration of thinking model, and (32) for the control group that studied in the traditional way.
The researcher used the experimental method and conducted the process of equivalence between the members of the two research groups in a number of variables, which included: the chronological age calculated in months, the degree of the Arabic language subject for the previous year, the academic achievement for the previous year (general average), the intelligence quotient, and the inductive reasoning test.
To achieve the goal of the research, it was required to build a tool: the achievement test as a research tool, and the test was characterized by honesty and reliability.
After preparing the teaching plans and the tool, the researcher applied the experiment himself in the first course of the academic year (2021-2022) on Wednesday (10/11/2021 AD), and it continued for a full academic course and ended on Tuesday (1/18/2022 AD). The application of the achievement test on Saturday (1/22/2022 AD) on the two research groups, and after data collection and statistical analysis, the researcher came up with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions, including
1-The use of the model of accelerating thinking in the process of teaching Arabic contributions to raising the level of academic achievement of fourth-grade students; Being in a renewable stage in the learning process, especially if it is related to the Arabic language, its teaching methods, and the diversity of methods.
2-Directing the directorates of education for teachers of Arabic language to use the accelerated thinking model as an alternative to the usual teaching methods that make the student just a future for what he receives.
3-The effectiveness of the thinking acceleration model in developing the systemic thinking skills of the fifth preparatory grade female students and their attitudes towards it.

 

There is no doubt that the concept of memory is one of the most ambiguous and confusing sociological concepts because of the diverse references and aspects that descend from it like the psychological, sociological, philosophical, political, and innovative. Therefore, the goal of this research has been to shed light on the memory by describing it as a significant strategy to form the patriotism on one hand, and to form the narrative style of Sinan Antoon’s novels on the other particularly after the novelist’s documentation of the crises and distresses that hit Iraq, in his four novels (I’jaam, Wahdaha Shajarat Al-Rumman (The pomegranate Tree alone), Ya Maryam (O Mary), and Fahras (Index). Also, he raised issues related to the collapse of values and visions, and the deprivation that the national memory was exposed to which negatively affected the national values and principles that establish the patriotism utilizing the collective memory as a main source of narration through time which is well-knit once and fragmented so many times. However, that does not mean that Sinan Antoon never utilized individual memory. So, his way of remembering was not only between the individual and himself, but it took off from its seclusion towards the broad sociological system that the individual can interact with.
The research has required to be divided into two main pivots where the first one was the introductory part that comprises the theorizing part of the memory whereas the other one has been specified for the practical part that will deal with the collective memory by describing it as an important strategy of the patriotism in Sinan Antoon’s novels. (The sample of the research)

The poetry of intertextuality in the speech of Prince Badr bin Shaker to Abdul Karim Radi Jaafar
Research Summary. Intertextuality is one of the critical approaches that contemporary Western criticism has taken care of, from Christina’s attempts to Bart’s transcendentalism. Intertextuality depends on the cross-fertilization of texts and their interaction in a textual structure that results from those interacting texts. Badr bin Shaker. This book is a long poem in which the poet tried to intertextualize and interact with the poetic discourse of al-Sayyab and dressed him in a contemporary poetic dress.
The research sought to reveal the mechanisms of that textual interaction with al-Sayyab and with other texts

The research deals with scattered linguistic issues that were addressed by linguistic evidence cited by Al-Radi and other commentators of Shafia Ibn Al-Hajeb in the science of morphology. Linguistically according to the laws of Arabic exchange.

This research contains linguistic, social and natural phenomena attributed to the Arabic language.
Al-Fusha, which is nicknamed (Al-Akwi), fo honor us from the abundance of his knowledge, the existence of his tongue, and he was distinguished by his sbeech. The sound, which was not attected by hearing vulgar or hybred nonsense, and this Bedouinhad a hand in many beautiful texts and phrases, which are a richness of pronunciation pure Arabic, As these texts and phrases were transmitted among the articles of the iexicon (Al- jim) by Abu Amr shaibani. The dictionary (Al- jim) is one of the vital dictionaries that have not been shed light on, and it is still.
A sweet spring on which new studies and research have not been conducted, for it is a generous and fertile land.
For one who tires his eyes by looking at its materials, and tires his mind by following its contents.

The research deals with the study of the analogous proof that the grammarians cite after the first proof (Al-Asil/the original). This type of proof appeared with the beginnings of linguistic and grammatical studies, and the research dealt with observing the development of this proof in the grammar books from Sibawayh (D.180 A.H.), Al-Mubarrad (D. 285 AH), Ibn Al-Siraj (D. 316 A.H.), Al-Zajji (337 A.H.) and Ibn Jinni (d. 392 A.H.) to Ibn Hisham al-Ansari (D. 761 A.H.) to determine the extent of this phenomenon, which constitutes a reliable evidence in proving grammatical provisions.

The study attempted to reveal the extent to which commentators benefited from the words of Arabs as the applicable source on which to build grammatical rules, to determine their conduct in citing it if it was to prove the validity of grammatical rules, or to prove a number of languages, as well as their commitment to the controls of spatial and temporal grammatical martyrdom, to indicate their position on the different class of poets in the validity of their poems, and to prove the poetic evidence outside the steady rules.
The importance of this study lies in its treatment of what was scattered on the most famous Alfeya known by the scholars - after Alfeya of Ibn Malik - namely, Alfeya (Al- Fareida), and its fame comes from the fame of its owner of the encyclopedia, Jalaluddin Al-Suyuti (911 Ah), who was created in its systems, as it summarized all of Alfeya of Ibn Malik (Al- Khulasa) in 600 houses, and increased it by 400 houses, mostly issues and restrictions neglected by the regulators mentioned.
Despite its importance, which was alluded to by a number of scholars, it did not get the (Al- Fareida) fortune of fame obtained by (Al- Khulasa) because of the complexity of its issues, the length of the same grammatical disagreement in it, and when al-Suyuti realized this he intended to explain it in his book Al Matalaa al- saida, and his explanation of this was a summary of her first explanation after explaining her organization, namely (Al- menah al- hameida) of Muhammad Baba Al-Tunbakti (1014 Ah), who was creative in dismantling what was closed in Al- fareida and explaining We organize it on it.
Because of the importance of these two explanations — as the first two explanations on the one hand, and the abundance of grammatical issues on the other — we chose them as a sample of the study, and God is the conciliator.

Language is the first means of every communication and it is the essence in the written text that contains a semantic meaning, and the translator of the written text can't depend on the mere text only without depending on their production circumstances and the outside world and the unilingual elements related to text. The purpose of the parser is to clarify the meanings behind judgments and purpose as well as the rhetorical purpose for the rhetorical elements that affect the meaning, and searching their strengths and their effect on the listener, and effect is the key of persuasion, and rhetoric is the art of persuasion due to the communicative elements employed in it . Discourse is based on a set of relationships that connect sentences. The research paper starts from the minimum unit which is the predicate and the predication in which there should be a clarification of the joining relationship between them. Referral to the predication achieve innovative meanings and it maintains the continuity of the discourse and its existence. Upon them the listener reaches the purposes of the speaker in which referrals are the innovative meanings of the predicative referrals.

Popular Proverbs are part of the literature and heritage that distinguish it from other peoples, and proverbs is a brief and concise story, in which a lot of lessons, lessons and wisdom, they reflect distant facts from fiction, and we see in the novels of gift Hussein this kind of Proverbs, we have divided proverbs in novels gift Hussein to local likes and the likes of foreign, hadah Hussein employed proverbs are clearly and explicitly to make the reader is attracted to the narrative text and away his boredom and routine, proverbs have also tied up in some addresses the novels of suspense reader to reflect the novel in a short and intense, it has succeeded in that step and conclude from the employment of proverbs in the novels of gift Hussein is the use of such was widely used holistically proverbs different languages and slang levels and classical Arabic, and non-Arab has been hired, and then was employed hiring a general like, it was for such popular role of the great novelist text came ethical functions stimulatory and explanatory and tag... etc., the goal of employing proverbs in the novel make her privacy popular distinguish them from other novels, and develop a sense of belonging in the psyche of the reader to the popular roots, it has adopted a curriculum The descriptive analytical study of proverbs and approach.

The human development is an urgent need for all societies, including Islamic societies, which has what qualify for development successfully the Islamic religion, including the writers and the Prophet's Year, is a prestigious conversation for a balanced human development So our research has been involved in paragraphs and investigations, the first aspect has been allocated to determine the issue, importance and objectives as well as the research approach. Of the Islamic religion. Peoples and the world.

This research aims to study the breaking of the hamza (Ena) and opening it after the synonyms of the saying, due to the arrival of many Qur’anic readings that are a witness to the repetition of the rules. The hamza was broken either on the verb’s inclusion of the meaning of the saying, and this is for the Kufis, or on the inclusion of the saying, and this is for the visuals. Faith, speech, supplication, testimony, judgment, writing, appeal), and then a conclusion with the most important results we have reached.

This research aims to stand by the book (on the horizon Adonisan, a study in poetic discourse analysis) of the critic (Sameh Rawashda), who studied Adonis poetry, and applied by a number of discourse analysis mechanisms, an investor a number of derived mechanisms consistency of linguistic theory, such as: (referrals, deletions, and replacements, and convergence), and tested a set of mechanisms that represent aspects of displacement synthetic, such as: (submission and delays, deletions, and paying attention, and the objection), then studied (overall structure of the speech), in the office (Songs Damascus Mahyar).

The current research aims at investigating Iraqi EFL learners’ Interactional Competence. The sample of the study consists of 51 fourth-year university students from the Department of English. The study adopts Galaczi and Taylors’ (2020) model of interactional competence. Some modifications have been made to suit its settings and requirements. Thus, the interactional categories accounted for are; turn management, topic management, breakdown repair, interactive listening, and intersubjectivity. Also, conversation analysis approach is implemented as the essence procedure for collecting and transcribing the data. The study hypothesises that the current level of Iraqi EFL learners’ interactional competence is unacceptable. The study employs both focus group discussion test and a self-reported questionnaire to elicit data for statistical treatment. The findings of the study at hand show that learners’ current level of interactional competence is unacceptable as far as focus group discussion is concerned whereas it is acceptable as far as the self-reported questionnaire is concerned.

This study aims to disambiguate words in which their different pronunciations change their meanings in the Glorious Quran . It hypothesizes that this phenomenon has a relationship between letters and diacritics, i.e., some modifications in their pronunciations alter their meanings. It also hypothesizes that this process exists in nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs in all parts of speech in different positions . The model adopted is Makram's (1996:20) for the data analysis. Qualitative approach was conducted to analyze the data in a perfect way . The results show that diacritics have a big role in specifying the meaning of words and any change in pronunciation will change the meaning of words. Also it concludes that heteronyms exist in nouns, verbs and seldom in adjective but there is no heteronyms found in adverbs