Kufa Journal of Arts

Equity was not of a particular aspect, and it couldn't be incorporated under the class of morals or legislative issues simply because of numerous jobs and impacts might influence all parts of life. In this manner, it was challenging to get an exhaustive and far reaching meaning of equity, and likewise the definitions fluctuated by the perspectives and as per the conditions that the rationalist needed to consider to accomplish a harmony between what they focus on and the repercussions of society and the person. What we have found in this examination is that equity is connected to numerous ideas like its connect to balance, goodness, and others, yet in spite of its association with equity, it is preposterous or even unimaginable for correspondence to be a declaration of equity since it is unreasonable to be equivalent in freedoms and obligations for the frail who experience the ill effects of serious illnesses that make them less lucky in the public eye with the most significant sound an, John Rawls, and Aristotle before him, turned to the idea of distributive equity in light of the standard of disparity or distinction, accordingly being fair and accomplishing the ideal equity.

The research tagged (Sami El Solh, his intellectual establishments and early political activity until 1943) focused on Sami El Solh’s intellectual and political activities at a stage in Lebanon’s history through his early political views and stances that were the main reason for his prosecution by the Ottoman authorities and his death sentence, and the impact of those opinions In the Lebanese political life, those beginnings that had an impact in determining his practical course later, and being a personalitywho is one of the most prominent historical figures that passed through Lebanon in its modern and contemporary history, and what did it make to be like that, and its contributions to the emergence of an independent Lebanon, all of this constitutes a start to track His biography, whether it was inside the Lebanese Parliament or outside it, when he became prime minister more than once.

This research relied on studying and analyzing the physical properties of the waters of the Al-Musayyib Al-Kabeer project, as the problem of the study centered around: (Do the physical properties of the water of the Al-Musayyib Al-Kabeer project vary spatially and temporally), and the hypothesis of the study was developed: (The physical properties of the waters of the Al-Musayyib Al-Kabeer project vary spatially and temporally), depending on the results Laboratory analyzes of the water models that were analyzed, as (22) samples were collected and analyzed from (11) sites in the study area by (2) models for each site, the first in the month of July and representing the summer season and the second in the month of January and representing the winter season, the study relied on Descriptive method as well as analytical method.

This study falls within the framework of linguistics, in addition to the phonetic indicator, because of its direct influence on the meaning of the verses, both formally and semantically. In this article, the researcher aims to explain the selection of words and not others in the best way and with complete accuracy, as the Qur’anic discourse is an intentional artistic expression and not arbitrary, as we see in Surat Hud as an example. Therefore, he highlighted the manifestation of the theory of onomatopoeia (proportionality of sound and meaning) while explaining examples of the surah. This study was conducted according to the descriptive analytical approach, starting with the theoretical framework and ending with applications and presenting evidence and models.
After reviewing the audio statistics, the researcher concluded that the sounds are proportional to the context of the text, as one of the most important topics of the surah is: Glorifying the Great Qur’an, whose verses are clear, and calling for the monotheism of God Almighty and the rejection of polytheism as a bringer of good tidings. This idea nourishes the language of discourse in the surah and is driven by the use of strong and loud sounds to suit the desired meaning. On the other hand, the phonetic system suggests the loss of the stubborn people and their painful punishment, and the semantic character is proportional to the selection of voiceless sounds to emphasize their deprivation of the mercy of God Almighty. Therefore, intense sounds were used in a high proportion, along with voiceless and vowel sounds, to indicate phonetic imitation, in addition to auditory clarity and frankness in the statement.
On the other hand, when the context of speech requires submission and reverence, such as when the Messenger calls upon his Creator, or when the believers are addressing him, then the whispered and soft fricative sounds become frequent, and the ratio (kasra, yā’) increases to indicate brokenness, sympathy, and apology.

The proverb is a combination of linguistic formulation that was characterized by acceptance and was famous for its circulation, and it was struck for reasons that made it an example that was transmitted by the tongues. The approach of rhetoric in its texts is like the likes of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) with its different types, including Quranic and narrations that are taken from the hadiths of our Noble Prophet (peace be upon him), poetic and ancient Arabic from which he forms his method of ablution and his sound ideas, including innovative ones by him (peace be upon him). And his books, letters and wisdom to stir the hearts of the recipients, draw their attention and describe their conditions, and his likes (peace be upon him) transmitted to subsequent generations the conditions of society in his time, beliefs, morals, behavior and inclinations.
And the importance of research in examining Imam Ali’s (pbuh) use of the texts of the noble verses and hadiths and the poetry of Arabs and their ilk, with what he possessed of inventive qualifications and the breadth of his knowledge made his listeners eagerly receive what they hear from him. With the contents that he wanted to convey to the public in his time and it will remain immortal through the ages.
The most important results are to identify the characteristics of the proverbs of Nahj al-Balaghah that distinguished them from proverbs in the Arab heritage and the way in which Imam Ali (peace be upon him) employed the blessed verses, honorable hadiths, poetry and Arabic proverbs, where he was familiar with them, so he was better at employing them to consolidate his ideas in the minds of his listeners. Their souls were prepared to deal with crises in life with firm faith and contentment with God’s decree and destiny by strengthening the bonds of faith between the servant and his Lord, who is closer to him than his jugular vein and knows what his soul whispers to him.

The research included the study of some of the qualitative characteristics of the soil of the Meddud Valley Basin represented by the physical properties (texture, organic matter, and the percentage of sand, silt and clay) and the chemical properties (electrical conductivity EC, the degree of soil interaction PH, calcium carbonate CaCo3, calcium sulphate CaSo4) in order to find out its suitability for agricultural activity. .
The research found the diversity of soils in the study area according to Björnick's classification, which consist of six types: the floodplain soil, the swamp soil, the sandy soil, the soil of valley bellies, the soil of floods or depressions, and the mixed gypsum desert soil. be suitable for agricultural activity

This study aims, through the analytical approach, to explore the sensory, aesthetic and social dimensions of women in Ibn Zaydoun’s Diwan, as well as discovering the image of women in his Diwan. This Andalusian poet had his own experiences with women, which made him reflecting women in brilliant images in his poems. This study will attempt at providing a systematic analysis that would reveal an eternal and ancient love between Ibn Zaydun and his love Wallada. It will try to reveal the historical and literary components of this love hidden in the literary books about his biography, as well as Ibn Zaydun’s covert narration of this love in his Diwan. The study concluded that the sensory-aesthetic dimension is divided into two dimensions: The first aesthetic sensory dimension: It contains a quick, direct and realistic description of the aesthetic qualities. In the aesthetic sensory dimension, Ibn Zaydun recalled the features of ancient Arab beauty, and described woman, as described by other Mashriq poets, relying on his extensive beauty description. As for the relative social dimension, it appeared in four verses evaluating the relative social dimension in relation to Wallada.The study recommends the importance of encouraging researchers to conduct in-depth studies to uncover the hidden contents of Andalusian poetry and what distinguished the literature of this era of Arabic literature

Changes,recent, in a wide range of life sectors have accelerated in many ways to be reflected or different domains such as administration,economics, medical affairs, social aspects and the like.thus, it became the main factor in developing and conducting such domains, because of the drastic development and resolution in technology and communication which made the world like a small town.perhaps, the technological revolution will affect all laws, and organizations of administration in all internet and forms and labels.
The spread of this revolution in technology and communication will influence aspects of life including states admits active polices and what in states present to their people (citizens). one of the most important cages in it has been the decisions about what the state presents as services and progress to citizens and society, in the light of what it presents in legislative and economical codes and rules.
This is clearly found in codes and principles issued by international organization such as who, Enesco, and the like in which intelligent technology (it) the main basis for their legislations, policies and organizations

Advertising is generally a form of persuasive communication and uses language strategies, symbols, images, music and sound to change consumer behavior towards goods and services. It also uses attitudes and trends and adopts new consumer values. The audience is on every side and uses positive and sometimes negative values and patterns. As well as the adoption of persuasive methods and strategies in advertising messages. Hence, the research problem of our study was formulated, which is the extent to which persuasion strategies can be employed. In educating the student public about the ethics of digital advertising by describing one of the communication activities that aims to influence the behavior of the consumer and convince him to purchase goods and commodities. By conducting a scientific experiment on a group of students from the Department of Information / College of Arts / University of Anbar, which consisted of (30) items, it was reached There are scientific differences in favor of persuasive methods and their role in developing public awareness of the ethics of digital advertising and the extent to which they are taken into account in the content in building the advertising message, which gives clear and positive indications regarding the importance of the active and positive role of persuasion in achieving the goal of digital advertising in particular

This study investigated the intensity of the expressive type, and coloring its meanings to be consistent with its minimized verbal limit and its creative form, and then it revealed the dynamics of the rhetorical component in a summarized method. The current study examined the brief forms represented by the arts of speech looking for the impact on the receiver. In this respect, the signatures in this study stressed the concept of authority and what it issues of orders of acceptance or rejection. In another poetic signature chosen from ancient Arab heritage, it treated human phenomenon starting with a question whose answer was given by signing on the sent patch, resulting in an eloquent answer which was imitated by the occupation lords of the Arabic ancient heritage. Consequently, signatures appeared in meaningful methods fluctuating between statement, meaning, and Al Badee. The brief forms are based on an eloquence which is equal to the eloquence of the extended texts and compatible with the elements of the brief text like condensation.

The poem (Ya Habada Jabal al-Rayyan) was characterized by a virginal flirtation style that connects the listener to the insides of the soul, so he depicts his anguish, pain, and deprivation of his loved ones, to clarify the impact of separation on him, so he evokes memories of happiness before separation, and he wishes for the return of those days, despite his knowledge of the impossibility of that.
Critics and scholars consider this poem one of the best lines of flirtation that Jarir ever composed for a woman he fell in love with, so she possessed himself, his soul, and his heart, which necessitated the poet to use multiple methods to broadcast his feelings of love and his feeling of separation. Therefore, this research came to study the poem stylistically according to an introduction and three topics. The concept of stylistics, and the first section was devoted to studying (the semantic level) in terms of the semantics of words (contextual, conjunctive, and suggestive) and the semantics of images: (the similatory, metaphorical, and metaphorical image), while the second section included the study of (the synthetic level) in terms of verbs (past, present, imperative) and sentences (Nominal and verbal), and the third topic came to study (rhythmic level) in terms of external rhythm (weight and rhyme), and internal rhythm (repetition and vocal centering).

The feasibility evaluation of the effects of climatic change trends on wind speed was carried out using the Mann-Kendall coefficient and the (sen,s slope) coefficient for the period 1990-2020 and for different levels of altitude above sea level, and it was clear through the trend analysis of change that the time series recorded a negative trend Great in wind speed, and that the months most affected by this negative trend were the summer months, although they recorded the highest values of the monthly wind speed. June and July are about (38396.5, 67598.5, 81080.9, 84711.9, 10449.4) k/w, (33918.9, 60918.1, 67005.6, 73485.7, 91484.2) k/w, while the least energy-producing months are represented in December, about (4896). .8, 8288.6, 9998.6, 10935.4, 12980.9) k/w.

Since they entered the Iberian Peninsula as conquerors in the year 92 AH / 711 AD, Muslims began to adopt an approach of tolerance towards its Christian population, and they integrated with them to a great extent, to the point that they married many Spanish women, most of whom were allowed to remain in their Christian religion. An example of this is the widow of Rodrigo (King of Spain). Who was defeated by Commander Tariq bin Ziyad, Euglena, Princess Aila, who married the governor Abdul Aziz bin Musa bin Nusayr and who converted to Islam and took the name of Umm Asim (95 - 97 AH / 714 AH - 716 AD), who is considered one of the first Muslim governors of Andalusia after He opened it.
After the end of the era of the governors, which lasted for more than forty-two years, the Umayyad emirate appeared in the year 138 AH - 755 AD at the hands of its founder, Abdul Rahman bin Muawiyah bin Hisham bin Abdul Malik, known as Abdul Rahman Al-Dakhil, and that emirate and then the caliphate remained in place until the year 422 AH / 1031 AD. As the Christians of Andalusia lived in complete freedom and enjoyed the rights and privileges that they did not obtain during the period of Gothic rule in Spain, and among those rights was that the Muslims allowed the Christians to preserve all of their religious property such as churches, monasteries, etc., and also to preserve their private property represented by various funds and real estate.
As for the religious aspect, we note that the Islamic authority in Andalusia allowed Christians many privileges, the most important of which is the ringing of bells and the passage of processions through the streets of cities during their religious celebrations carrying the cross, and also the building of new churches on the basis of what is permitted by Islamic law, as well as allowing them to use the Latin language in their hymns. Celebration in church.
It is important to mention that the Islamic presence in Andalusia contributed greatly to making the Catholic Church in Spain free from the control of the Church of Rome. Christians also got rid of the pressure of the clergy on them due to the protection provided by the Islamic authority in Andalusia. What is noted is that Christians are in all parts of the Andalusian country. They enjoyed conditions that their peers did not enjoy in many areas of the Christian world at that time

The research aims to reveal the importance of the phenomenon of parallelism as a technique with a rhythmic and semantic style, with the diversity of its grammatical, verbal, phonetic and morphological levels in the poem (Mud), by the poet Elia Abu Madi, which reveals the techniques of the poem, its artistic methods and its structure, which contributed to clarifying the position of the poet in his moments subliminal, it also contributes to the consistency and research harmony of the text. The research was based on two axes, an introduction and a conclusion.

The research sheds light on an important historical era in the life of the Iraqi people, which came after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the imposition of international sanctions as a result of a series of international resolutions issued by the UN Security Council, extending from the invasion in 1990 until the fall of the former Iraqi regime in 2003, during which Iraq suffered Difficult economic conditions represented by an international economic blockade, political isolation, and a ban on commercial dealings with all countries of the world, which resulted in extremely difficult living conditions, tragic humanitarian conditions, and a scarcity of food and the necessities for life, not to mention poverty, unemployment, and disruption of infrastructure and reconstruction, which were mostly ruined and destroyed due to The second Gulf War by the international coalition forces to expel Iraq from Kuwait.

The project of building the Iraqi state on new foundations and standards is considered one of the most prominent transformations brought about by the US occupation of Iraq in 2003, despite the similar mistakes of this project in the stage of preparation and establishment, whether in terms of laying down its constitutional and legal foundations, or at the level of the structure of the political system that I want. It may be a pluralistic parliamentary system based on the separation of the three branches of government: executive. Its premises and foundations.
Through this perspective, this research attempts to stop identifying an essential and vital aspect that accompanied and coincided with the launch of the state-building project in Iraq after 2003, and contributed to its internal repercussions in not creating conditions for stability that ensure the start of building a project for the state in Iraq after 2003 on foundations and directions. Correct, and this aspect is represented by the nature of international and regional factors and interventions in Iraqi affairs, and their negative effects on the state-building project in Iraq after 2003

تعتبر ثنائية (المركز والهامش) من الافكار الرئيسية في نظرية ما بعد الاستعمار لكونها تمثل نموذجا هاما في وصف العلاقة بين المستعمِر والمُحتَل. الهدف من هذه الورقة البحثية هو تسليط الضوء على كيفية عمل هذه الثنائية التي بدت واضحة في رواية شعب جولي للكاتبة الجنوب افريقية نادين كورد يمير. ان الرواية الأفريقية هي بذرة مهمة من الروايات ما بعد الاستعمارية لكونها توثق نضال السكان الاصليين من أجل استعادة هويتهم الوطنية المفقودة. تأخذ الرواية الأفريقية بعين الاعتبار الاعمال التي كتبها الروائيون الافارقة من ذوي البشرة البيضاء لذلك تعتبر الرواية الأفريقية من الروايات ذات النزعة الفريدة في الادب القصصي لأنها تعبر بطريقة درامية عن التجربة المريرة للروائيين البيض الذين أصبحوا منقسمين بين العادات والتقاليد الأوربية من جهة وبين الموروث الشعبي لجنوب افريقيا الذي يختلف عن الثقافة الاوروبية اختلافاً كبيراً. لذلك فان ثنائية المركز والهامش اصبحت موضوعاً للتعديل والتنقيح في المجتمع متعدد الثقافات حديث النشأة.

This study aims at finding out the attitudes adopted by Trump and Clinton in presidential debates to convince the voter of their views, opinions, beliefs, stances, and behaviour. As such, the pragmatic functions of the candidates’ attitudes are to be investigated and how much persuasion a candidate has obtained while arguing for or against a certain topicor a given issue

In the current changing world, named the era of knowledge explosion, diversity and modernity, art professors and teachers as well as those who have been involved in teaching art in institutions and any related centers have been trying to find out the influence of teaching methods in the field of art. Several studies about practical and theoretical methods of teaching art in French faculties and schools have been undertaken. It is worth to mention that these methods are very useful to apply in other schools outside of France because they are very useful for the students and let them know a lot about this field. Art faculties and schools of Fine Arts have some practical and theoretical methods to teach their required subjects perfectly. There are some lectures and exercises in theoretical and practical teachings of the professors whose initial idea is to solve problems on the spot during the process of making artworks. These methods are constantly upgrading after each lecture and exercise to improve the methods of teaching art at the faculties and schools of Fine Arts. The main objective of this paper is to describe some methods that are directly related to the interactive effect between professors and students. These methods provide an opportunity to develop further teaching methods and the formation of the methodological framework of lectures and exercises. The research handles comparative and descriptive teaching methods as well as academic. The result of this research is one of the possible methodological structures that proposed teaching aids that can be further developed and upgraded to improve teaching at the faculties and schools of Fine Arts. In this way, students and learners of art can have the opportunity to get familiar with art in an easy and practical way, which also help them enjoy making artworks

The progressing society requires a development in Applied Linguistics areas to study language changes. The advent of the 21st century has accompanied globalization in scientific, technical, and economic activities on an international scale, which has magnified the role of English language in international communications. The present paper is assigned to trace back the development of Business Linguistics as a new area within Applied Linguistics for studying the language of business. It defines Business Linguistics with reference to its role and benefit in the marketplace.