Al-Zahraa Journal for Health and Medical Sciences

Breast Cancer is Iraq's most that prevalent form of malignancy. The Iraqi Cancer Archive demonstrates an apparent tendency for the disease to affect advanced-stage women younger. the Objective of study, In Waist Province/ Iraq, to I provide an that overviews of the occurrence of female I breast cancer. A retrospective research was performed over the 10 year period from 2010-2019 to classify all new cases of breast cancer from all over Wasit. The Patient Methods: Breast cancer statistical information was collected from the publicly accessible cancer registry/ Wasit province/ Iraq. Results: Between January 2010 and December 2019, 274 female I breast cancer cases were detected and registered in the Wasit governorate. A recent study showed the age group 45-59 years is high affected, the percentage was (38.68%). According to life stylethe highest incidence of female breast cancer was for female who live in the city 204 (74.45%).Conclusions: Obviously, these findings reflect the general population's poor health education and their misunderstanding. Clinical breast examinations, breast self-examinations, and early physician consultations are all beneficial.

This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Rotaviruses in Karbala and Basrah provinces in Iraq, the genetic recombination of Rotavirus strains in human with another hosts and release a novel strains may lead limited activity of Rotarix vaccine. Rotaviruses were detected by Immunochromatography Test (ICT) then the positive samples were tested by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) using specific primers to vp4gene, this gene is responsible for stimulation the immune system to produce neutralizing antibodies about of 200 diarrheal stool samples, 100 samples from pediatrics hospital of Karbala province and another 100 samples from Maternity and children hospital in Basrah province . The vp4 gene was implemented in rotavirus vaccine of Iraqi immunization program. The RT- PCR results showed that 56.3% (27/48) of samples positive in children under five years of age in Karbala province while Basrah province revealed 58.5% (31/53) positive samples in children. The results of sequencing of human and Rotarix vaccine revealed that there was relation between them and animal strains according to genetic reassortment between human and another species while in comparing with international strains there were closely related with Lebanon and Turkey human strains. Necessarily for further studies are needed to study the genetic alterations with viral recombination of rotavirus to detect the Rotarix vaccine activity against novel Rotaviral strains.

The study's goal is to find a link between the existence of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBVNA) and rheumatoid arthritis in patients. The present study was conducted on a study population with a sample size of 148 participants, comprising of two groups: the first (74) rheumatoid arthritis patients (case) and the second (74) healthy persons with no symptoms of autoimmunity (control).
The existence of the virus was investigated in both case and control groups. Patients visiting Marjan Medical City in Babil Governorate between November 2017 and May 2018 between the ages of 15 and 75 years were recruited. The patients and control samples were serologically screened using ELISA techniques prior to identification of EBV genes (EBNA1 and EBNA2) was conducted using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR).
The results obtained indicated that 3 samples were positive for EBNA1, while 5 were positive for EBNA2 in the patients group. No positive EBNA1 and EBNA2 positive sample was obtained in the control group. This study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis had detectable levels of EBNA-1, EBNA-2 genes while the control group had none. These findings suggest that the virus has a role in the increased prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis.

Chronic B-cell neoplasms include a number of disease entities arising from mature B lymphocytes which involve primarily the blood, bone marrow (BM) and lymphoid organs such as the lymph nodes and spleen. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by absolute lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood and BM. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) also may have extensive BM and peripheral blood involvement at initial presentation like follicular lymphoma (FL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL).
Although there are difficulties in separating CLL from some NHL, the distinction is important because prognostic and therapeutic differences exist. Immunophenotyping (IPT) has become an essential tool to confirm the diagnosis and to separate CLL from other lymphoid malignancies. Evaluate the role of immunostained CD10 and CD20 in the subclassification of chronic B-cell neoplasms and confirm the significance of these markers as a complementary test to morphological features of chronic B-cell neoplasms using BM aspirate and biopsy. BM biopsies of fifty five adult patients with CLL and leukemic phase of NHL were collected from December 2010 to April 2011; fifty of them were retrospectively while five of them were prospectively collected. Current study revealed that CLL cases (27) showed weak positive reaction with CD20 (96%) while no reaction with CD10 (0%). While NHL (28) cases showed positive reaction with CD20 (100%) & CD10 (71.5%). This study revealed significant statistical difference between morphology and IPT diagnosis at the level of P.value <0.05.
This study revealed that the CD markers has important diagnostic role in the subclassification of chronic B-cell neoplasms also revealed that the IPT technique in conjunction with morphology have more precise role than morphology alone in the diagnosis of chronic B-cell neoplasms.

The aim of this a study was to evaluate the possible effects of the Methanolic and aqueous extracts decreased the liver enzymes (ALP, SGPT and SGOT) to the normal level after the its values by the treatment with ethanol liquid diet. The level of GOT, GPT and ALP in animals treated with ethanol after 25 days were increased in comparison with control group, results showed that animals treated with Crude Plant Extracts caused decreased in liver enzymes activity to reach to normal level in comparison with control group.