Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal

In this study geometric morphometric system of the wing of the Male and Female third generation in the populations of the Old World Screwworm fly, Chrysomya bezziana (Vill) in some of the northern, medial and southern Iraq parts was used. The mean of the central size of the right wing for the third generation Males was 1246.5, 1116.4, and 1040.8 Mn for samples of the three regions mentioned above, respectively. As the mean of central size of the right wing for the Female third generation of the three regions mentioned above was 1290.9, 1199.9, and 1054.4 Mn respectively. The results of the statistical analysis using a test T and F did not show significant differences in the mean of central size Males and Females of the third generations among the samples of the three studied regions except for one significant difference was found in one of the female southern district samples. The reason for the existence of this moral difference was the insect affected depending on environmental conditions of the three regions that the samples were collected when using analysis of ANOVA.

This study was carried out in a Euphrates river at Al-Musayab city during the period from 2/1/2014 to 31/12/2014. 222 speciemens of Shaboot Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel,1843) (with lengths ranged between 15.5-35 cm and ages 2-5 years) were collected and divided to two length groups, the first (84 fish less than 20 cm), the second (138 fish more than 20cm). The results showed that the highest feeding intensity was observed during spring (30.05 and 31.31 points fish-1) for both length groups respectively. Fish were found to be more active in spring too (96% and 95.65%) for both length groups respectively. In the first group, the food animal origin formed %35.86 of gut contents and the food plant origin formed %56.56, while in the second group the food animal origin formed %45.59 and the food plant origin formed %47.90 according to Importance Ranking Index (%IRI). As a conclusion, the results indicated that the natural food was varied according to the seasons, and the Shaboot may described as omnivorous fish tended to plant food in small lengths, while it tended both animal and plant foods together in large lengths over all the year seasons.

This study was conducted on 200 goat which 120 goat Cypriot and 80 local goat, a breed for August 18 Shami, 12 local father in ruminant research station in Abu Ghraib belong to General Board of Agricultural Research, to estimate genetic parameters (heritability, genetic links, genetic and phenotypic value) and some of the factors is non genetic recipes for milk production and its components under Iraqi environmental conditions, use the general linear model method (GLM-General linear model) within SAS program in the statistical analysis of the data. The results of the current study showed that the value of the equivalent genetic recipe total milk production of 0.45- counter fat 0.22 ratio while the equivalent genetic recipe protein ratio of 0.34, whereas the genetic correlations were estimated and the phenotypic traits studied. The genetic value of the link between the total milk production and the percentage of fat was a non significant and negative - 0.24. The genetic correlation between the value of the total milk production and protein content was negative and low -0.15 while the genetic link between the components (between fat content and protein) positive and highly significant 0.73. The phenotypic correlation, amounting to phenotypic value of the link between the status of the total milk production and the percentage of fat and protein 0.14- and 0.16- was negative and low values while the high correlation phenotypic between fat content and protein 0.65. Hertiability values of the goats for a recipe total milk production between 95. 12. 110.75, hertiability values of the ratio of fat ranged from 1.812- and 0.109 while the protein content ranged between 0.691- and 0.0851-. The results also showed that the fixed factors studied had a significant effect on total milk production, except for the type of birth and sex of the kids had no effect on milk production as well as there was not any effect of the month and the type of birth and the presence of horns on the ratios of fat and protein.

This study had been conducted in one apiary in Erbil Governorate from 15-32013 to 27-6-2013. The results showed that the Queen excluder (which used between brood and honey chamber) and Queen age has had a significant effect in above activity which showed the superiority of A2 treatment leaded by young queen age one year without using Queen excluder which recorded the highest means of bee population, worker brood area, pollen area and sealed honey area were 12.9 frames bee, 679.5 sq. inch, 210 sq. inch and 791.1 sq. inch respectively compared with A3 treatment leaded by old queen 2 years age with using Queen excluder were recorded lowest mean 9.6 frame bee, 459.2 sq. inch, 97.8 sq. inch and 351.1 sq. inch respectively, but the A2 treatment recorded the lowest mean of Drone brood area was 21. sq. inch compared with the highest mean in A4 treatment was 51.8 sq. inch.

The study aimed to determine the effect of water and alcoholic extracts of chamomile flowers and fenugreek seeds on the four types of bacterial prevalent bacteria such as E.coli, P.mirabilis, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus isolated from
different clinical infections at and compare that with the effect of some of the life of antibiotics under study, 300 samples collected from different clinical infections at samples included swabs (wounds, burns, ear, pharynx, swabs
vaginal) and samples out, was collecting samples in the city of Baquba, of those who are asleep patients in Baquba Teaching Hospital and auditors in advisory clinic for the duration of 1/10/2015 and up to 19/1/2016. Results transplant bacterial showed the average Acar blood and MacConkey emergence of 249 positive samples for bacterial growth, and these pathological specimens were diagnosed 52 isolation, it included 12 isolates of the bacteria Escherichia coli and 10 isolates of the bacterium Proteus mirabilis and 15 isolates of each of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. It showed the test results of the sensitivity of the isolates to antibiotics life under study, which all bacterial isolates high anti Imipenem sensitivity and 100%, and
the sensitivity to anti Amikacin, 91% reached in the bacteria E.coli and 100% in each of the bacteria P.mirabilis and P.aeruginosa and S.aureus. As for the anti Ciprofloxacine isolates were sensitive ratios of 91.7% and 90%, 100% and 60% for each of the bacteria E.coli and P.mirabilis and P.aeruginosa and S.aureus respectively, as shown all isolates high bacterial resistance to anti Ampicillin 100%, but for the rest of the life of antibiotics bacterial isolates showed variation of sensitivity and resistance to them. The results showed that both plants contain active substances glycosides and saponins and alkaloids, resins, phenolics and Flavonoids and volatile oils, etc., As for the inhibitory effect of plant extracts, the plant chamomile extracts showed higher than Trigonella extracts effect, showed alcoholic extract higher than the aqueous extract effect, when compared to the impact of antibiotics life with plant extracts on bacterial isolates the current study, it was found that the effect of plant extracts has the daunting higher than the impact of the life of
antibiotics.

The study was conducted at private orchards in Bany-saad City-Diyala Province during the year 2015 to explore the effect of summer pruning and spraying Proline, iron, and zinc on vegetative growth and mineral content of grape transplant (Vitis vinifera L.) Cv. Halawani. Three kinds of summer pruning were used, the first was without pruning (T0). The second one stem was chosen and pruned by removing later shoots down the first weir (T1), and third one stem without pruning (T2). Spring treatment consisted of (water only, prolin at 150 mg l-1 iron at 100 mg l-1, zinc at 50 mg l-1). The treatment without pruning (T0) significantly increased in leaf content chlorophyll and zinc. While the (T1) significantly impacted in increasing in the stem height, chlorophyll and proline content. The T2 treatment increased significantly stem length and leaf area. Foliar application of iron caused a significant increase in stem height, leaf content iron and chlorophyll while spraying with zinc resulted in a significant increase in leaves content of zinc. Spraying of proline caused significant increase in leaf area and leaf content of proline.

An experiment was conducted during growing season 2015 at a private orchard in Diyala governorate on pomegranate (punica granatum) cv. Salami 10 years old trees trained on three stems and planted 3.5*3.5 m to reveal the effect of chemical weed control using glyphosate herbicide at 0, 1200 gm.ha-1 and the effect of growth
promoters spray include, water, Ascorbic acid 500 mg l -1 , Zinc sulphate 200 mg l -1 , Seaweed extract at 2%, humic acid 2, 4% and calicium chloride 3% Ca on pomegranate physical and chemical characters and fruit cracking incidence degree using factorial experiment using split plot design with three replications. Glyphosate spray conducted two times (First week of May and August), whereas growth promoters spray were carried out three times (late march, a month after fruit set and at the beginning of fruits coloring). Results showed that weed control
treatment caused a significant increase in leaves relative Chlorophyll content (15.93 % over untreated control), total yield and many fruit characters, where yield and fruit weight was increased by 60.64, 18.68 % over untreated control, while the fruit cracking ratio decreased to 14.87 % over untreated control. Growth promoters spray increase relative Chlorophyll content of the leaves, yield quality and quantity. Humic acid spray at 4% gave a significant increase in leaves relative Chlorophyll content, total yield and mean of fruit weight with 86.98, 28.80 % over untreated control, while the fruit cracking ratio decreased to 13.88 % over untreated control

The urban parks are considered one of the important usage for land within the urban space of the city, as it has even become one of the basic components with the increasing needs of the population as it is being one of the spaces that combine the activities of psychological comfort and pleasure and aesthetic in addition to the environmental, social and health benefits. In order to raise the efficiency of these fields, it's very significant to study the reality of the external spaces and urban parks so as to be able to perform its functions, which are prepared to. In connected with the mentioned before, the necessity to conduct an analytical study of the reality for the park between the two bridges "MABAIN AL JESRAIN PARK" in the city of Baquba. To study the reality of the design and planning of the park has reached search to several conclusions including: that the visit of the male of the park higher than the proportion of females, as it stood at 64.28% and that young people are the most reluctant of the park by 60.00%, and the ease of access of visitors to the park led to a repeat visit by 74.42 % that is due for a briefing to two streets an key location in the city center, which mediates its neighborhoods.

This study was conducted at the laboratory of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture/ Department of Horticulture/ College of Agriculture/ Diyala University. The objective of this study was to show the effects of some growth regulators on THE propagation of kiwifruit and seedling growth in tissue culture. The results showed that medium free gibberellin exceed in seed germination, experiment showed highest shoot number 4.50 and 4.90 shoot plant-1 and the length of average reached at 3.76 and 3.25 cm on medium supplemented 1, 2 mg l-1 BA. The overlap of IBA with BA in the multiplication nodes in the field with concentration 0.5 mg l-1 IBA with 2 mg l-1 BA increase the number of branches (4.80 branch per plant), while the results of overlap between 2 mg l-1 BA with 0.15, 0.25 mg l-1 BL gave the highest shoot number reached 12.50 and 12.00 shoot per plant and means length reached 4.82 cm in concentration 2 mg l-1 BA. The result of rooting show IBA application at 0.5 mgl-1 gave the highest percentage of rooting to 80%, while the concentration of 1 mgl-1 IBA displayed the largest number, length of the roots reached 6.10 root plant-1, 2.45 cm respectively.

Afield experiment was conducted during spring season 2015 in the Hibhib of Diyala province to study treatment effect of three varieties of okra, Ptira, Patra and Samara, by four types of bio-fertilizers which are without fertilizer (B0), Bionutrients (B1), Biohealth (B2), Endospor (B3) and two levels of chemical fertilizers (50% and 100% of the fertilizer recommendation) in the yield of quantitative characters. Split-split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) was used with three replicates. Five traits were studied in this study which were: the early of yield, number of fruits in the plant, the weight of fruit, the yield of one plant and total yield. Tested moral differences between the means of the traits studied according to Duncan test polynomial and the level of probability of 0.05. The study demonstrated the superiority of cultivar Patra early quotient, number of fruits, the weight of fruit, the yield of one plant and total yield as well as the superiority of biofertilizer B3 in the number of fruits, the weight of fruit, the yield of one plant and total yield. The result also showed the superiority of 50% level of chemical fertilizer in number of fruits, weight of fruit, yield of one plant and total yield, and it was the triple interaction between the variety and bio-fertilizers and chemical fertilizer affected where the superiority of variety Patra the treatment bio-fertilizers (B3) and fertilized at %21 fertilizer chemical in most of the traits.

This study was carried out in according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) in the field of Baquba nursery belong to Diyala Directorate, during autumn season of 2015. The aim of study was to determine the effect of proline and arginine on the traits of vegetative growth and corn grain yield using the following treatments, without spraying (control treatment) and spraying with distilled water and spraying proline and arginine amino acids at the concentrations of 100 and 200 mg l-1. The experiment was conducted at three replicates. After planting, all the treatments were applied, then the studied traits were calculated. At the maturity stage the data was collected and analyzed, then the means of traits were compared with each other using less significant difference (LSD). The results showed that spraying proline at a concentration of 200 mg l-1, led to a significant increase in the traits were chlorophyll guide, number of leaves, leaf area, plant height and yield grains per plant amounted to 15.34, 27.13, 14.8, 14.60 and 17.35% respectively. The results also showed superiority of using 200 mg l-1, arginine morally to give the highest increase in the above mentioned traits which were 10.17, 18.73, 10.57, 8.27 and 16.35 %, respectively.

A factorial experiment (RCBD) with three replications. This study has been done in Diyala governorate, Al-Muqdadia, Abi-Sayda, during the winter season 2015-2016 using sandy clay loam soil. The aim of this study was to know the effect of foliar nutrition of three levels for each one humic acid 0, 1 and 2 ml l-1 and chelated iron 0, 100 and 200 mg Fe l-1, on the growth and yield of Vicia faba L. "Luzde otono". The results showed that spraying humic acid with the concentration 2 ml l-1 outplayed in leaf area, dry weight, flowers number, pods number, pod length, number of seeds in a pod, pod weight, weight of 100 seeds and yield per plant which reached 2151.79 cm2 plant-1, 27.26 g plant-1, 45.81 flower plant-1, 10.83 pod plant-1, 25.34 cm, 5.04 seed pod-1, 48.73 g, 384.64 g and 310.25 g, respectively as compared with the control treatment. While in spraying chelated iron, the concentration 200 mg Fe l-1 outplayed in plant height, leaves number, leaf area, dry weight, flowers number, pods number, pod length, pod weight and yield per plant, which reached 119.02 cm, 30.39 leaf plant-1, 2107.57 cm2 plant-1, 27.17 g plant-1, 44.66 flower plant-1, 10.23 pod plant-1, 25.25 cm, 48.54 g and 304.93 g plant-1, respectively as compared with control treatment. The interpenetration of 2 ml l-1×200 mg Fe l-1 showed a significant effect in most attributes.

Two experements (Tillage and no–Tillage) were carried out during 2013-2014 season land sown with corn in previous season. The aim of the experement was to study the effect of no tillage and levels of corn residuals (0, 3, 6 and 9 ton ha-1) on some growth traits and yield of wheat. Each experement was planted by using RCBD with three replicates, and combined analysis was conducted. The results showed that the tretment 6 ton ha-1 significantly surpassed in leaf area and leaves dry weight which estimates after 60 and 90 days from emergence (92.72 and 271.53 cm2) and (0.243 and 1.129 gm) respectively. The same treatment significantly exceed other treatments in growth traits, i.e. plant hight (87.86 cm), No. of tillers and spikes m-2 (330.5 and 318.0 respectively), No. of grains spike-1 (44.03), and grain and biological yield (4.771 and 16.48 ton ha-1) The values of all above characters were signgficantly reduced in the level 9 ton ha-1 of corn residuals. No-tillage experement gave the highest values in all characters in combared with tillage experement. There was no interaction between tillage type and residuals levels except in No. of grain spikes-1, grain yield and harvest index. The treatment 6 ton ha-1 in no tillage experement gave the highest values in these three characters.

One sample was collected form surface layer (0-20 cm) of a soil which classified under sub-group as Typic Argixerolls, from Penjwin region of Sulaymaniyah province. Some chemical, physical and mineralogical characteristics was investigated then mixed with a different amount of pure sand to get different proportions of sand, silt and clay. The adsorption capacity of Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ by these samples has been studied to calculate both k and Xm parameters of Langmuir equation. To assess the soil's ability to release Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+, soil samples treated with 250 µg g-1 were incubated for two weeks, then the available fraction of these elements were extracted in three successive extractions. The concentration of Pb2+ and Zn2+ and Cd2+ by each step of extraction was measured by atomic absorption. Data indicate that the Xm values for Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ were decreased with increasing sand ratios in soil samples. Obtained values of Xm for lead, zinc and cadmium, respectively ranged from 36.9 - 130.5, 10.8 - 126.9 and 28.8 - 159.3 µg g-1 while the k values were decreased form: 0.10 - 0.60, 0.04 - 0.80 and 1.05 - 0.11 µg ml-1. The decline in Xm and k values were ascribed to the low activity of sand fraction compared with activity of silicate and carbonate minerals as well as the organic fraction. Desorption of Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ added in a level of 250 µg g-1 data indicated that most of the lead, zinc and cadmium added was subjected to adsorption and precipitation during the two weeks of incubation. Ratio of sorped amount of Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ was 97.81- 99.56, 96.32 - 97.89 and 96.32 - 99.91% of added concentration, indicating that the fixed amount decreased with increasing in sand fraction in soil samples. We can concluded from these values that these elements strongly sorped regardless the increase in available amount with increase in sand fraction. High fixation of these heavy metals ascribe to their interaction with silicate and carbonate minerals as well as the organic material.

The study was conducted on Brack-Ashkda agricultural project soil middle south of Libya to investigate the effect of soil depth (0-180 cm) and duration of soil use (January, April, July and October) on the presence of the level of available phosphorus as a residual effect of additions of phosphorus fertilizer to the soil. Results showed that the available phosphorus concentrations decreased with increasing soil depth (0-180 cm), they also showed that the concentrations decreased with increasing duration of use from January until October in all studied wells.

Four levels of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 0. 60, 0.30, 0.15% and 0.60% wheat straw weight were added as soil benefactor. Mixed with 1 kg of calcareous loamy sand surface soil. The first four consecutive sessions wetting characteristic poetic and second four sessions last from top to bottom, and for a period of eight weeks. Session for a week and three replicates. The results showed increased humidity mass values at field capacity at the end of the first sessions with the increase in polymer concentration, and a moral and a difference of 7.3% from the soil comparison and soil third focus of polymer and 7.7% for the second session and a difference of less than 6.1% higher in the first session, and it fell morally bulk density and conductivity of the water surface layer of the soil with the increase in the concentration of the polymer and the succession of courses. The maintenance of soil water values has increased with increasing the level of the addition of the polymer and a moral (R² = 0.970). The results suggest adding polyvinyl wheat straw to improve soil properties Almazijh sand by absorbing and save water for longer and thus reducing irrigation frequency.

The experiment was conducted in the field College of Science/ University of Diyala, during the spring season of 2006 to study the effects of humic acid and fungal inoculation and their interaction on the growth and yield characteristics of maize plants IPA (3003) in Loamy sand soil. Factorial experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used including eight treatments combination for the experiment was applied through using of two levels of humic acid and four levels of fungal inoculation. Humic acid levels were (with and without supplementation), Where as Fungal inoculation levels were (no fungal; Glomus mosseae; Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus + Trichoderma combination). Three replicates for each treatment combination were used (24 experimental units for the experiment). Data were taken after 30 days from sowing, at flowering and harvesting stages. The results showed that the supplementation of humic acid or the inoculation with V.A.M significantly increased plant height after 30 days from sowing, shoot dry weights at flowering and harvesting stages, the percentage of mycorrhiza infection after 30 days from sowing and at harvesting stages, grain yield, weight of 100 grain, and leaf area. Inoculation with the T. harzianum had only a significant increase in plant height after 30 days from sowing, grain yield, and weight of 100 grain. The combined treatment of both fungus G. mosseae and T. harzianum showed a significant effects on plant height after 30 days from sowing, shoot dry weights, the percentage of mycorrhiza infection, grain yield, weight of 100 grain, leaf area, in all stages of growth. The combination treatments of humic acid supplementation with the two fungus showed were the superior in plant height, shoot dry weights after 30 days from sowing and at flowering stage, the percentage of mycorrhiza infection, grain yield, and weight of 100 grain. While the interaction between humic acid and G. mosseae was superior in increasing shoot dry weights at harvest stage and the leaf area, without any significant difference between the two treatments

The research aims were to determine the size and the importance of desertification problems in Salahddin governorate and relationship between the size of the problems and their importance, and to determine correlation between the size and the importance of these factors with independent variables (getting study, specification, scientific position, numbers of their academic years, and numbers of the published researchers). The research include all the lectures in the college of Agriculture in Tikrit University whose amount were 91 lecturers. After omitting the random sample which amounted 30 lecturers, the questionnaire was used as a tool of collection of data, which include three parts. The first part dealing with the lecturers, the second part include tool to measure the size and the importance of desertification problem which include 21 items. The third part included question about the sudation of the treatment of densification problem, the validity and reliability was account usin spilt- half which is (0.92). The results showed that there was obvious approach in their answer between the ranking of the size of the problem, the first one for this problem was the lower funding for treatment of this problem, while significant correlation among all the studied variables and lake of professional officials was found. The research recommendations are focusing on desertification problems, desertification causes and its treatment ways.

The Targeted research was to determine the level of application of breeder calves scientific practices in the field of administration in Qazzaniya city/ Diyala province to the axes of the following Directors: (care of calves services, nutrition, health and veterinary care), and determine the relationship between the level of application of breeder calves scientific practices and independent factors (educational level, the number of calves for farmers, to participation in training courses). Research dealt with 261 breeder calves from 14 villages belongs to Qazzaniya district. A random sample was withdrawn 20% of the research community achieve the objectives of research, the researcher prepared a test of the level of the application included 38 checksums paragraph distributed axes above. The results showed that the overall rate of application was average as the highest numerical value of the level of application of the respondents in the field of administration was 30 degrees, while the lowest value was 19 degrees on the application scale and a standard deviation of 2.78. There was a significant correlation between the level of application of educators and scientific practices in the field of relationship management and all of the educational level and the number of calves to breeders and participation in training courses specializing in the management of calves.

In this research, the production and cost function of farms fish where conducted from random sample included of (%19.4) of total fish breeders in Salah Al-Deen governorate. The data were obtained by a questionnaire, for this purpose, data collection to (70 ) fish farms, the linear cost function, quadratic and cubic models were applied, the quadratic function was chosen as the best according to statistical and economical cietera. From this, after function the production which minimizes the cost was calculated and it was mounted to 2.95 ton/donum, while the production which maximize the profit amounted to 3.20 tons\ donums. The optimum area was conducted too and was amounted to 1.711 donum, the production was applied, between the production per donum as dependent variable, the long-run cost function was conducted from the production function, and it was found that the price elasticity for long run was mounted to 0.385. In this research, and in order to expand the production of fish it was recommended to subsidize the price of forage, medicine and to expand the loans in order to expand the production to the limit of self-sufficient.

The objective of this study was to compare between the effect of autumn (decrease daylight) and winter (increase daylight) seasons on some reproductive traits in Awassi ram lambs for selecting them on the onset of sexual activity as in their flock . This study was performed at the Ruminant Research Station, Abu Ghraib- belong to the Directorate of Agricultural Researches during the two periods, autumn (17-24 November ) and winter (26 January –3 February) seasons using twelve Awassi ram lambs aged 12-13 month. The study has observed non-significant difference between seasons for semen parameters, seminal plasma parameters, testosterone, cortisol concentrations, testicular measurements and reaction time. However, this study revealed positive correlation between ejaculate volume and total spermatozoa per ejaculate(P≤0.01), mass activity and individual motility (P≤0.01), semen protein with seminal triglyceride (P≤0.01), seminal protein and seminal cholesterol (P≤0.05) and seminal cholesterol with seminal Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) (P≤0.05).In conclusion, the costs were reduced depending on autumn season for estimation the sexual activity of ram lambs to select them for the sheep flocks.

The plant pesticides have recently got great importance than the synthetic pesticides, against stored product pests because of their lesser hazards to the environment and other related biomass. The bio-product compounds were isolated after preparation of ethanolic extract from Cyperus rotundus rhizome by using soxhelt apparatus. The analysis of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) also showed identification of 2 compounds; Caffeine and 4-Hydroxy benzoic acid. The longest duration of both the larval stage and the pupal stage were 17 and 7 days, respectively at 2% F2. The mortality rate in larval stage reached 90% at 2% F3. The identification of Tribolium castaneum was carried out via designing specific primers with the use of PCR technique, the presence of more than 100 bp band specific for amplification of beta-tubulin intron gene of T. castaneum found in the negative control were absence in the positive controls helps to detect the effect of bio-product compounds at 2% of fractions on quantity of DNA in this insect.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the flaxseed oil on performance and some blood biochemical traits of broiler. Two equal treated groups (100 birds/treatment) with two replicates (50 birds/ replicate) of total 200 straight run (Ross 308) at age one day old chicks were randomly weighed and divided into two dietary treatments: T1 (as control group) birds fed basal diet without any additives. While, T2 fed diet supplemented daily with 0.6% flaxseed oil to the end of the experiment (42 days). Blood samples were collected and then analyzed. Parameters measured were total protein, cholesterol, serum GOT and GPT concentration. Results showed highly (p ≤ 0.01) significant differences in the weekly body weight and body weight gain between treatments. Feed conversion ratio recorded better values in (T2) compared with control group (T1). Also, birds fed 0.6% flaxseed oil had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower serum content of GPT and GOT (10.73 ± 0.50 and 98.54 ±3.45) respectively, and cholesterol concentration (176.0 ± 5.19) compared with control group (14.56 ± 0.70, 114.93 ± 2.93 and 217.5 ± 4.83) respectively. The results showed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased RBC count and PCV of chicks fed 0.6% flaxseed oil. However, there were no significant differences for WBC count and Hb between both treatments. In conclusion, flaxseed oil at a level of 0.6% in broilers diet led to enhance performance, blood biochemical parameters and health status of birds.

To study the stability of spring bread wheat entries across years and nitrogen rates, yield trials were conducted from 2010 to 2013 preceding by screening trail in 2009-2010 at farm of field crops, college of agriculture in Abu-Graib located in the middle of Iraq. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plots arrangement in three replicates was followed. Across years, nitrogen rates occupied main plots whereas, genotypes were in subplots. Five promising genotypes of CIMMYT entries viz: 106s, 107s, 108s, 109s, 110s and local variety (abugraib-3) that were symbolized by letters G1, G2 to G6, respectively. Nitrogen rates were 25, 100, 175kg.N.ha-1. Each nitrogen rate within year was considered as an environment, so that, nine environments were generated. Statistical analysis results revealed that the percentage of genotypes variation from total was 65.6%, also, the percentage of environments and interaction sum of square from total variation was 26.1% and 8.3%, respectively. Sum of square of investigated variation of PCA1, PCA2 and PCA3 was 60.54%, 25.1% and 10.6%, respectively. The total of interaction variation investigated was 96.3%. Grain yield of environments ranged from 3.739 t.ha-1 that ranked the first to 2.801t.ha-1 that ranked the lowest. In addition, the grain yield of genotypes ranged from 3.783 t.ha-1 for G5 that ranked the first to 2.267 t.ha-1 for G1 that ranked the lowest. G4 was more stable than other genotypes; consequently, it was wide adapted and high yield over years. However, this statistical technique was a powerful tool for diagnosing the stable genotypes in grain yield across years of research. We can recommend cultivating G4 for its wide adapted and high stability.