Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies

While the visit of the Iranian politician Abdul Ali Khan, "Adib King" of the city of Kufa and the mosques of "Kufa" and "easy" and the recording of his observations, one of the main resources of researchers and interested in the history of the mosques, as it seeks to explore them and their reality in the middle of the nineteenth century, Such a second motivation in the selection of research.
In the middle of the nineteenth century AD, the Iranian sultan Abdul-Ali Khan, Adib al-Malik, visited the Kufa and Al-Sahla mosques in the holy city of Kufa, the era of Ottoman domination. It is of great importance to eliminate the pests that afflicted the two Ottoman- In the course of the ages, except the religious and doctrinal differences, until they often reached the fighting, the fighting and the bloodshed, and the This visit came to wipe out the black page that was written between them in the past ages and to create a state of coexistence Tuberculosis J and peace, the industry state of understanding and rapprochement between Islamic sects, which in turn reflected on the situation of the cities of the holy shrines in Iraq, the Iranians Kantzam visit her ... and others

When we read the poetry of Sharif Al-Murtada, we find that the works of the text of the Koran has expanded to almost be one of the structural characteristics of the poem. The text of the Quran has clearly been present in the poetry of Sharif Al-Murtada through more than one method and technique. At the same time, he chooses from his words and the original meanings which suit his poetic experience, and sometimes he invokes the text and invokes a reference and absorptive hint. To a degree in the formation of identity and color of poetry. The nature of the research is based on three pillars, the core of which is reading. The first is in the statement of the concept of the Qur'anic accompaniment, its effect on the poetic text, and the second on its directness with the direct Qur'anic accompaniment, in which we addressed the direct introduction of the Holy Qur'an without alteration in the pronunciation or meaning. And the third is centered around understanding the Koranic accompaniment, and our tickets in it the text of the Koran with its morphology verbally, or according to the need of the poet

It was the first Abbasid era, especially the most prominent era of Arabic literature, which is full of the emergence of a large number of poets and poets who were influenced by the culture of the Abbasid era as a result of openness to the cultures of nations and other peoples because of military conquests and cultural and intellectual crossroads as well as economic, which led to the refinement of the talent of poets and poets alike.
All of these factors led to the crystallization of the literary character of this woman, and composed of a poet Sensitive sense and formulated a literary multi-vision poetry, which affected extensively on her hair and her office was the touch of civilization Clear between the papers and poems of that Diwan.
Literature is one of the products of social, cultural and ideological conflict, in which a variety of cultural patterns are framed by the aesthetic framework for a safe passage through the veins of the nation and nourished by venom with the taste of honey. These patterns seek to establish a dominant party culture that dominates the culture of an underdog.
The researcher's vision of using a modern cultural criticism approach was crystallized in the study of the poet's office to develop cultural features from her library by studying the cultural patterns that were found in the poetic texts which the poet said, which were based on a cultural awareness to monitor these patterns in terms of their impact on women's identity And the development of the two levels of the dominant consciousness, which are the format of the confusion, and coordinate the expansion, explaining the impact he left in showing the slavery of women to men and enables this format and the clarification in terms of identification of the female self through dialogue with the other

The nature of the political events in 1985 led to profound changes in the perception of the general reality of these countries, which seemed to revive a new test imposed by historical determinism and took solutions to it, and I went to philosophy to find a new idea and perspective, after the arrival of Gorbachev pyramid Power in the Soviet Union.
The political changes witnessed by the Soviet Union in 1985-91 contributed to the liberation of Eastern Europe and the consolidation of the presidency of the United States of America to the world. The Soviet changes also undermined the authority of the political regimes in its orbit and motivated researchers and interested in the Soviet affairs to study them and investigate their causes, , Which lies in the seriousness of its repercussions on many countries of the world and the Arab region.
The issue of foresight is necessary to deal with the problems of the Algerian democratic experiment within the principle of the absence of outside support. The Algerian question has occupied an important space of discussions regarding it, the international position, especially the Soviet position and foreign interventions.
The first section deals with the variables of political action and the establishment of democracy in Algeria, while the second axis dealt with the Algerian elections and the attempts to apply democracy, and the third axis: the absence of the Soviet Union in the position

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Imam of the messengers, our master Muhammad, and on his good and pure family
Water is the grace of God Almighty for the creation of all and a verse of God in the universe and life and the secret of this life, which is not only by him, God Almighty created man and ridiculed him everything in existence and blessed him with many blessings There are countless of these blessings and the grace of water, and the importance of water, man has to keep it, because there is no survival of humans and the environment without water, water is the secret of life لقوله تعالى:{وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَيٍّ أَفَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ} ، سورة الأنبياء : الآية 30 The importance of water is that it covers 71% of the land area, but the volume, quantity and quality of water resources decrease due to pollution. Therefore, countries legislate to preserve and maintain water from pollution, but these laws are insufficient. Water, Islamic law has preceded the laws of the status of reference to the importance of water conservation
And the preservation of water is the preservation of religion, which is embodied in the preservation of the three meanings: Islam and faith and charity and therefore water was one of the most important reasons for the preservation of religion, and it seems clear in that it is a reason to establish faith in God Almighty and faith in the prophets and peace be upon them, and water is a reason for the establishment of worship and washing and ablutions They are self-limiting, water-based worshipers, and they are also imposed for other worship, such as prayer
God has harnessed the water to be a reason to defend the religion and support the believers and the destruction of the unbelievers has included the Battle of Badr miracles to support the Muslims
And their victory, God has provided Muslims with angels fighting with them, as was the rain of the means to install the believers, and victory
Thus, water was one of the most important reasons for preserving religion, by establishing the necessary things such as instilling faith in the souls of believers, and the confirmation of the prophets, peace be upon them and the establishment of worship, and the defense of religion and ethics by washing Places of meeting Muslims for worship.
Islam has maintained the human soul and the water was a reason to preserve it. Islam forbade water from those who need it. He also pointed out that water is a means of healing diseases, as well as some of the etiquette of self-preservation, by raising the soul against morality, Pollution, and the commitment to drinking etiquette, thus highlighting the importance of water conservation as a cause of self-preservation
Thus water was an important reason to know that the Holy Quran from God through scientific miracles
The Islamic Sharia, in all its provisions, seeks to achieve the interests of man and aims at the happiness of the individual and the community, the story of the water in the earth and its role in the lives of people and the cessation of life in all its forms and forms. All this is unquestionable enough to mention and remind him in the call to worship the Creator

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the faithful Prophet Muhammad, and on his good and pure family,
I have long wanted to deal with a subject that examines the similarities between the ancient Arabic languages (or the so-called Semitic languages) and has been called repeatedly to such subjects that have not been studied at the time. Therefore I began studying the Arabic and Akkadian languages in terms of the participation of words Education) in order to stand on the research aspects, including: linguistic rooting rooted in the legacy of the ancient Iraqi language, and the time period of the common word, and changes in voice and verbal and semantic, and the language passed by the word

The study of cities and urban centers is one of the most important studies in our Islamic history because of the political, economic and intellectual importance of this study, as well as the role it played in the events of the region and its impact on the level of political and cultural history.
It is a small city, but it has political and economic importance in the Middle Euphrates region during the AH 4th / AD 10th century and beyond. The research is an attempt to provide a clear picture of its geographic and political importance, as it is an extension of the historical city of Hilla.
This is what explains the selection of Prince Saif Al-Dawla Sadaqa bin Mansour Al-Mazidi as a place for his new city (Hilla) in the year AH 495/1101 AD, which reflected its impact on the growth of Hilla city and the speed of its urban development.
The study consists of two researches: the first is the study of the geographers from the geographical point of view, and we discussed the historical roots of the name and location, and the collectors in the geographical thought and then the terrain and climate.
The second section examined the conditions of the political collectors during the Abbasid period, and the historical accounts indicating that the word Hilla was called upon, and its choice to make the city of Hilla, and the reasons that prompted the Prince Sadaq al-Mazidi, and then study the camp of collectors, which is one of the most famous shops Hilla, From the demise of Beni Mezid and the successive attacks on it, but it is any university has maintained its importance and prestige during that period

Water is one of the most important natural resources on which the development and well-being of human civilization depends. It is the basis of life after oxygen. The oldest civilizations have developed near natural water sources. Water is not only a part of the content of living organisms, but also extends to all areas of economic life. (32) million cubic meters of water, but the proportion of water beatings which benefit humans in drinking, agriculture and industry does not exceed (2.8%) of the water, The rest is water m (2%) of fresh water is frozen, leaving only 0.8% of fresh water. Therefore, man is living in a real crisis with water because the quantity available for human use is very low and no longer commensurate with the population and needs of him. Water pollution is one of the biggest challenges facing humankind. Water pollution is also associated with air pollution. When air pollutants are deposited, the pollution of the water is considered to be one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. The most important water pollution is high levels of dissolved salts such as calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium, as well as other salts such as sulphates, carbonates, nitrates, bicarbonates and pH. Therefore, the Shatt al-Hillah is the backbone of the irrigation network in the province of Babylon, and all the scientific evidence indicates that this river is a natural river course is not the work of man, as is the case for other tables that branch out of the Euphrates River north of the Indian dam in the province of Babylon and Karbala. It is confirmed that the Shatt al-Hillah is a natural river and there are obvious river tributaries in its course. One of the most important sources of water pollution is Shatt al-Hillah.
Human resources include detergents, hospital waste and restaurant waste from plastic cans, cartons, food residues, as well as ash and fat residues, and so on.
1. Sewage sources: Wastewater consists of household wastewater such as kitchen and bathroom water, as well as water carrying waste from toilets, as well as rainwater and water used for washing roads, squares, cars, machinery and water used in some workshops, garages and some small areas It is located within the city walls and so on, which surrounds the Hilla hilltop on both sides.
2. Insecticides: These are the most dangerous types of DDT, which were provided by FAO (World Health and Food).
3. Agricultural fertilizers such as phosphorus compounds and nitrate compounds.
4. Human industrial water from the textile factory and soft drinks.
5. Inorganic materials and heavy metal compounds that are released into the aquatic environment such as lead

The Emirate of Delgadir represented one of the most important emirates of Turkmenistan, which had been at the same era of the two Mamluk and Ottoman states. It was the scene of conflicts and struggle between them as an organization under the banner of the Mamluk state. It was often out of the control of Mamlouk state due to its close relationship to the Ottomans. Delgadi suffered hard circumstances as a result of neighbouring states which were established on the basis of expansion at the expense of its neighbors so it was forced to defend itself by using force to obtain what can sustain its survival as the emirate in the region and the exploitation of internal conflicts in the neighboring Emirates, especially the Ottoman, including the conflict on the Ottoman throne among the brothers throughout the study period in order to serve its interests in the region

The jihadist and educational contents of Imam Hussein's march from Mecca to Karbala appeared in various forms, once in the form of action or practice, again in the form of speech, and once in the form of praise and biting, preaching and guidance, and what has been issued is a source of respect and appreciation for all. And a course of action to strive for virtue and morals, and to rebel against injustice and tyranny and deviation, and what happened during the Husseiniya was a conflict between the Islamic moral values represented by Imam Hussein, a well-known, and the values of ignorance, which was the Umayyad power deviant tribal and the people of Kufa approach .
Imam al-Husayn's determination was based on jihad and martyrdom when he felt that the religion of the nation was in danger, and he was influenced by the sincere and pure souls, and they took the love of the world out of their hearts to save their religion. His steps were rewarded with the generosity of his morals. He was a leader, teacher, educator, innovator and advocate of good and dignity. In conclusion, this research is one of the jihadist and educational contents of the Husseiniya process in a clear, frank and evidence-based manner. It was put in the hands of researchers and interested people to open doors to them in dealing with research on other content

The family of Al Dildar Ali Nasir Abadi Alawia is one of the most prominent scientific families that played an important role in the history of modern India through its political and intellectual role. The family was the first religious authority in India with the direct influence and support of the religious authority in Iraq , Through the teaching of students of religious sciences from India to Najaf and Karbala, the Al Dildar family had an important role in the intellectual side, which represents the spread of Shiism, jurisprudence, culture and culture, while the political aspect is to contribute effectively to the emergence of its independent kingdom About the Empire Ghuliyah in India, not only that it adopted the propagation and promotion of Shiism in India, especially in the north, where important forces were stationed as the East India-based English company based in Kolkata, the Mongol Empire representing Delhi as its capital, As well as participating in the Indian revolution of 1857 against Britain by supporting that revolution, and actively participating in its creation.
The integration was clear between the intellectual and political roles. First, the spread of Shiism and the establishment of its existence among the people must be a Sharia and a platform, before moving to the political aspect of creating a political entity based on the Ahl al-Bayt doctrine. To preserve the unity of the Muslims in that great multi-religious, cultural and ethnic country

France has suffered since 1870 from the German threat, There is no doubt that one of the reasons for the First and Second World War was the German-French enmity, Even after the defeat of Germany and the Potsdam Conference in 1945, France was still apprehensive of the German threat.
Most French people strongly opposed the idea of arming West Germany, when Americans pressed for the arming of West Germany at the New York Conference in September 1950, French Foreign Minister Schuman rejected the American proposal and was at that time against any idea of arming West Germany, Schumann did not compromise on this issue, saying he refused to budge from France's categorical position of refusing to arm Germany.
At the meetings in New York, France refused to discuss even the principle of arming Germany, and the dispute over the matter was complete, Schumann, however, eventually backed down and agreed to establish a "small West German military force.
There were two opposite lines to deal with the issue of arming West Germany, although the American approach contradicted the French approach, However, these two approaches have in fact had a great deal in common. Both governments have accepted the principle of defense forward. The idea of defending Western Europe must be in the East, in West Germany facing the potential Soviet threat.
If Western Germany would defend Western Europe, and would benefit from the security system derived from the application of this strategic concept, It is fair that it has made its country's contribution to this defensive effort, so the points on the agreement are now in place, and thus agreement has been reached on the principle of arming West Germany.
The approval of the French appears to have come from fear of the Soviet threat on the one hand, On the other hand, they could not prevent the Americans from achieving what they wanted, relying on a common view of French politics in the case of arming West Germany in the early 1950s

In the name of of Allah the Merciful
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the master of the messengers Abi Qasim Muhammad and his beloved companions and companions.
Poeticism is at the forefront of the new terminology, which has become a subject of the contemporary critical discourse, until all that is easy and abstaining, and became poetic forms of terminology, the most merciful and the most appropriate, but closed the concept and narrowed with what was with him. The colors have become a wide space in the poetry of Kazak Handout, because there is a sanctuary in which there are many secrets and connotations behind it. The most important signs of the colors are not real, but they are meant to give them other meanings and the heart of their explicit contents. But this daily and familiar poetry gave it an aesthetic touch in the consciousness of the recipient, and therefore this is what increases the insistence of the reader to follow the contents of these colors to get out of the semantics Latent in his back . The first axis focused on the term poetic and its importance in modern monetary studies. The second axis was color in the poetic perspective. The third axis dealt with the meanings of colors in the poetry of kazaar Handout. The research ended with a list of sources and references from which the research derived its ideas and texts. Finally, we ask God Almighty to grant us a service to the people of the House of Prophet hood, and to make us their followers and followers until the day we meet. Our last prayer is that the Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon His faithful messenger

This is a study of the Arabic morphological lesson in the study of the Arab structure and its transformations. The discussion is about the morphological derivation of the word and the consequent effect on the morphological weight, so we came out with some words for a future sample for those who master this easy art. Linguists through their books and their works in order to distort that verbal image of those words. Through our follow-up to the linguists, we find a great limitation on the liberation of the school mind and the preachers and the followers in writing opinions and accept disagreement

Psychological criticism is a new branch in literature and enjoys various practical aspects. In addition, the science seems really prominent due to the the ties between it and all aspects of life. Such kind of criticism is a tool applied by critics for recognition and study the mysteries of literary works based on psychology science. It discusses and reviews an expand field of human characteristics including act, speech, behaviour, reactions, memories and motivations. The present paper tries to study the personality of Antara _the famous pre-Islamic era poet_ based on psychologists’ theories like Freud (entity, ego, superego, defense mechanism like exaltation and rationalization) and Adler ( social interest, the way of life, humiliation and self-creative).
In studying psychological structure of the above mentioned outstanding poet, by means of a literal - psychological way it is concluded that his love for Abla and his slavery are his tensions lead him to feel humiliated and anxious within himself. So Antara’s rational self, by the aids of exaltation and rationalization suggest him positive behaviors as chastity, athletic, and being a poet for demands of the society. On the other hand superego tries to help him achieve his sublime goals means superiority, integrity and transcendental life. Finally the poet has the character type like perfect, experienced, independent and utile-for-the-society people and factors such as instincts and normal and balanced community and environment altogether shape his behavior

Attention to children and is an important indicator of the signs of civilization of any society seeks to build a human being is capable of contributing to the building society Valchksah take its image core in the era of childhood, because of the child at this stage is formed according to Maigdm its educational and moral origins and social therefore became must be submitted to the child in this stage all immune would entrench the values and customs prevailing in the society and among those methods that are trying to consolidate all the way values of the child are poetic theater presented in schools Uwe theaters in general and poet Solomon Alissa may keenness on providing dedicated to child bearing various educational values moral poetic theater Add to national values that must be instilled in the minds of the child in addition to this that the educational and national values stabilized in the same every member of the community through education ie through the various influences that govern the individual in his life and through the provision of all counts. that supports those values came to the theater in general, carrying with him a variety of ethics and social customs and poetic theater was provided to the child imbued with those customs and values were educational, or moral or nationalism