Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Balad –Rooz is considered as one of the endemic foci of Schistosomiasis
in Iraq.
A survey was performed during the first three months of 2002 in few
primary schools in Balad –Rooz to assess the prevalence among them.

A combination of sulphamethoxazol SMX and trimethoprim TMP is widly used in
the treatment of various systemic infections . This investigation was carried out to see
the effect of increasing concentration of surface active agents ( SAA ) used in
suspensions on the absorption of both drugs from isolated rabbit ileum . The study
was carried out at PH 7.4 and at 37°C . The SAA chosen were tween 80, sodium
laurylsulphate ( SLS ), polyethylene glycole ( PEG400 ), and PEG4000 at a
concentrations of 0.1%w/v , 1%w/v, 2%w/v and 15% w/v (Note : 15% was chosen
for the purpose of the investigation not as a concentration for formulation ). It was
found that the absorption of both drugs decreased as a function of increasing the concentration of the different SAA

Assay of Metronidazole from Different Manufacturing
Sources in Iraqi Markets n this work we used the HPLC techniques to estimate the exact amount of
Metronidazole in samples, which are Metronidazole tablet 200 mg from different
pharmaceutical companies in Iraq pharmaceutical market to evaluate the content of
drug in dosage form in these samples.
The experimental work includes making calibration curve using standard
solutions of different concentrations of the external standard metronidazole USP
2002. Different readings of the area under the peak were obtained following the
straight line equation.
The result show that all of five samples are within maximum percentage of
the differences allowed (95-105%) according to the B.P 2003.

The clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity in 20 patients, working in an antibiotic industry in contact with antibiotic powder were studied immunologically.

Statistica analysis of the data by using Chi-square shows highly signifcant increase in the level of (IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE) Antibodies than the normal ranges(table1, figures 1, 2 and 3).

It was concluding that increased reactivity to an antibiotic powder most likely reflects an allergic response rather than, increased genuine skin susceptibility.

Introduction: A protocol for testing cerebrospinal fluid specimens using RT-PCR
for the diagnosis of central nervous system infections was developed 2 and used to
test 20 CSF specimens.
Objectives: A-Evaluation of efficiency of In-house prepared Extraction reagent. B-
Amplified of Enteroviral-RNA genome by single-step RT-PCR. Methods: 20
cerebrospinal fluid specimens were included. RNA was extracted from 250µl by
method Chomcynki, 1993. EV-RT-PCR was performed for all specimens studied.
Results: We successfully isolated total RNA from 20 CSF specimens of AM cases.
Ten of 20 specimens were positive by RT-PCR.
Conclusions: Single-step extraction method was allowed isolation of RNA in 4hr.
and provided both high yield and purity of un-degraded RNA preparation. EV-RT
PCR detection test is suitable for clinical diagnosis of EV-related meningitis and
may improve the management of EV-related neurologic syndromes.
Keywords: Enteroviral-associated- meningitis, EV-RT-PCR

Twenty five samples were collected from patients with chronic lymphoid
leukaemia (CLL) before chemotherapy and after chemotherapy in national
center of haematology from the period began at February till the end November
2004.
The diagnosis was established depending on clinical and hematological
findings and immunopheno typing performed by immunofloure scence
technige(fluorescent microscopy) the 25 cases of CLL patients included in this
study had mean age of 50.46+- 9.34 years and no case below the age of 40
years.
The study evaluated the liver function ,the abnormalities in liver function
and hepatotoxicty in the patients as result of chemotherapy,devation in
glutamate oxalo acetate transaminase (GOT) ,Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
(GPT) in 100% of patients also elevated of total serum bilirubin (TSB) in
patients but mild elevation in alkalin phosphates (ALT).

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as a consistent inability to sustain an
erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. Tadalafil is a selective, reversible
inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific
phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). When sexual stimulation causes the local
release of nitric oxide, inhibition of PDE5 by tadalafil produces increased levels
of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum. This results in smooth muscle relaxation
and inflow of blood into the penile tissues, thereby producing an erection.
Tadalafil has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation. Erection
dysfunction could attribute abnormal levels of testosterone and prolactin levels.
Twenty Iraqi patients with different levels of ED were considered in this
study treated with 20 mg. of tadalafil coated tablets. All patients considered in
this study have been get erection after treatments with tadalafil. Prolactin and
testosterone has been determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The evaluated
results indicated significant decrease for prolactin (p<0.01) and significant
elevation for the testosterone (p was increased after treatments.
In conclusion: prolactin and testosterone hormonal levels must be considered
with tadalafil treatments. Tadalafil must be not described to patients with
abnormal levels of these hormones. Patients with testosterone and prolactin
abnormalities need to take advice from the endocrinologist before use tadalafil
with monitoring of prolactin and testosterone levels.
Keyword: Erectile dysfunction-prolactin-testosterone-radioimmuno assay.

The current study handled the preparation of a tube agglutination test
antigen from a record culture Brucella Abortus S99 according to the European
method and at different concentrations (1%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% and
5%), by adding additional microbial cells, these concentrations were
compensated by different temperatures (60, 70, 80, 95 and 1100C), to study the
effect of the concentration and temperature on the activity of the tube
agglutination test antigen in comparison with the antigen prepared by bio-
Merieux.

. A new formulation of macro aggregated albumin (MAA) to be labeled
with 99mTc was prepared by a simple and fast method. The suspension of
macroagreggated albumin was prepared by diluting 0.4ml human serum albumin
(200mg/ml) with normal saline (sterilized and pyrogen free) Concentrated
hydrochloric acid was added to denature the protein and this step was followed
by the addition of tin in the form of stannite . 3.5ml of polyethylene glycol
(PEG) (1mg/ml) was also added to act as antiagglomerating agent. The pH was
adjusted to 5.2 with NaOH and the suspension was heated with continuous
stirring to get aggregation.
The vials contents were allowed to react with 99mTc and high
radiochemical purity was obtained (greater than 95%) after 15min. 99mTc-MAA
was stable for at least six hours.
The organ distribution data in mice showed that more than 93.0% of the
injected dose has accumulated in the lungs with a negligible amount of
radioactivity to be detected in the non target organs.
The size distribution data showed that 80.0% of the particles occur in the
range of 10—80µm. The freeze-dried preparation of Sn-MAA kits (sterile and
pyrogen free) were stable for at least 170 day.

The objective of this study was to find out the correlation between
Chlamydia trachomatis infection and production of Interferon gamma (IFN- γ)
with respect to abortion in women that had spontaneous abortion.
Serum was collected from the women that had abortion and woman with
successful pregnancy, and all samples were analysed for IgM specific antibodies
for Chlamydia trachomatis and IFN- γ by commercially available Enzyme
Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits.
A highly significant difference in the serum level of IgM specific
antibodies of Chlamydia trachomatis and IFN- γ was found in women that had
abortion compared with successful pregnancy (P<0.001), and a highly
significant positive correlation between them (r=0.503, p<0.001) in sera of
women that had abortion.
The data of this study strengthen the possibility that IFN-γ may explain
the role of type 1 cytokines in the pathogenicity of abortion in the positive group
for Chlamydia trachomatis.

We studied the estimation of IL-6 and hCG expression in
immunohistochemistry in women with unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous
Abortion (RSA) and find out whether or not IL-6 regulates human Chorionic
Gonadotropin release (hCG).
An immunohistochemistry technique was performed to detect and
determine the immunohistochemistry expression of IL-6 and hCG proteins using
paraffin embedded sections of curettage samples obtained from 50 women, who
were divided into three groups: 25 women with RSA, 15 women with abortion
for the first time, and 10 women with induced abortion.
The levels of the immunohistochemistry expression of both IL-6 and hCG
were found to be highly significant increased in group 3 as compared with
group 1 and group 2 (P<0.001), with a significant positive correlation between
these two parameters (P<0.05) in three groups.
The trophoblasts expression of IL-6 might play a role in stimulation of the
expression of hCG during pregnancy.

The records of patients with congenital esophageal atresia with tracheo
esophageal fistula at al kadhymia teaching hospital between 2004–2007 were
reviewed and studied.
This comprised 25 patients (10) were male and (15) were female (M/F=
2/3).
According to waterston classification, the commonest type was type (A)
18 cases.
The basic principles in the assessment and the way of management which
are adopted in our department are outlined; all were subjected to correction and
primary anastomosis with hospital mortality rate of 16%.
This study is conducted in an effort to analyze the factors responsible for
this high mortality rate and to discuss problems pertaining to management.

Complexes of palladium (II) with pyridine derivatives in general formula:
trans- [PdCl2L1
2], (where: L1 = 2- picoline, 3- picoline, 4- picoline); [pd
L1
4](BF4) 2, (Where: L1=3-picoline, 4-picoline); trans- [PdCl2L2
2] and [pd L2
4]
(BF4) 2, (Where: L2 = 2-aminopyridine, 3 - aminopyridine, 4 -aminopyridine)
were prepared.
All componnds have been characterised by spectroscopic methods [I.R,
U.V-Vis, Atomic Absorption], Microanalysis (C. H .N) a long with conductivity
measurements.
From the above data the proposed molecular structure for all prepared
complexes are square planar geometries about pd (II).