Kirkuk Journal of Science

A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kirkuk city from 15th
of June 2018 to 15th
of
December 2018 to detect of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in sera of women with breast cancer
by real-time PCR and comparing the results with IgG and IgM toward T. gondii. The number
of breast cancer women understudy were 35. The ages of the patients were between 20-75
years old. These patients admitted to Kirkuk oncology center. The control group were
included 50 healthy individuals. blood was collected from each patients and control for
molecular tests of T. gondii using real-time PCR and serological testing for detection specific
Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG by using ELISA technique. The study showed that the
highest rate of anti T. gondii IgM+ IgG- antibodies 8.57% was recorded among women with
breast cancer comparing with 8% in healthy control while 14.29% of women with breast
cancer were IgM+IgG+ comparing 6% of the healthy control group. The highest rate of total
T. gondii antibodies by ELISA 68.57% was noted among women with breast cancer and the
lowest rate was among healthy control 20%. The study revealed that 54.17% of women with
breast cancer with positive ELISA was positive by PCR comparing with 9.09% of patients
with negative ELISA results. The result was highly significant with sensitivity and specificity
of 54.17% and 90.09% respectively. The highest rate of anti T. gondii IgM+ IgG- antibodies
66.67% women with breast cancer was positive by PCR followed by 40% of patients with
IgM+ IgG+ antibodies. It was concluded that Toxoplasma gondii more frequently associated
with breast cancer and PCR was more accurate in detection of the parasite.

A total of 69 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained from different clinical
samples including wounds 24 (35%) and burns 67 (65%)، the genes that responsible for
Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance isolates was detected, the results showed that quaternary
ammonium compound delta 1 (qacE∆1) gene was 97.1% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolation. 24 (35%) in the wounds and 63 (62.31%) in burns, the size of the gene showed 285
bp, the results of the qacE∆1 analysis showed a single mutation of the mutation type.
The results of genetic analysis tree were showed after comparing presence of genetic
variations of the qacE∆1 gene with their relatives from the nucleotide sequences as containing
variations occurring at one distance and equally in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other
bacterial species.

This research was concerned with a study of the relationship between sorbitol
dehydrogenase and hepatitis disease . Blood samples have been drawn from (35) patients with
hepatitis and (28) blood samples of healthy as control group ages ranges from (40-65) years.
Patients were collected from Al-Salam Hospital in Mosul City under the supervision of
specialists Live in Mosul city. Sorbitol dehydrogenase, total serum bilirubin, protein, albumin,
globulin and alanine aminotransferase sGPT were measured in blood of these patients. The
results showed a significant increase in sorbitol dehydrogenase, sGPT, bilirubin, total serum
protein, albumin and globulin levels compared with the control group. There was also study
of the relationship between (SDH) activity and the studied parameters in patient group and
finding that there are liner correlation coefficient. the results indicated that, there was a
positive significant correlation between the activity of enzyme and each of the total protein,
albumin, globulin, sGPT, and bilirubin and negative significant corolation between SDH and
globulin.

The Conjugate gradient method used to estimate the parameter of Marshall-Olkin
Exponentiated Burr Type X distribution (MOEBX). The proposed distribution MOEBX based
on the work by (Marshall–Olkin 1997). Several properties of the MOEBX distribution were
investigated and studied such as quantile function, moments, moment generation function and
order statistics. The estimation process by maximum likelihood estimation maybe an obstacle
for statisticians, so used Conjugate Gradient method in unconstrained optimization to estimate
parameters. It was employed for estimating the three parameters of the new distribution. The
flexibility of the MOEBX was illustrated by using two real data sets. We compared with
nested and no nested distributions and encouraging results were obtained using a real data set.

In this paper we use the fixed-point theorem of Latrach, Taoudi and Zeghal under some conditions to find a solution for Volterra_Hammerstein integral equation in the Banach space L^p ([0,m],R). We use this fixed point theorem with new assumptions

A cross sectional study was carried out in Kirkuk city from 15th
of June 2018 to 15th

of December 2018. The study included 100 pregnant women and 50 healthy individuals.
Their ages ranged between 17-45 years old who were admitted to Kirkuk general hospital..
Molecular tests for real-time PCR and serological testing for detection specific Toxoplasma
gondii IgM and IgG and Interleukin-8 level by using ELISA technique was done for patients
and control. The study showed that the highest rate of anti T. gondii IgM+ IgG- antibodies
(10%) was recorded among pregnant women compared with 8% in the control group, while
22% of pregnant women were IgM+IgG+ compared 6.5% of the healthy control group. The
study revealed that 40.91% of pregnant women with positive ELISA was positive by PCR
compared with 0% of patients with negative ELISA results. The study showed that the highest
rate of T. gondii infection (diagnosed by PCR) were recorded among pregnant women at age
group 27-36 year (22.55%) and the lowest rate was within the age group 17-26 year. The
highest mean level of IL-8 recorded PCR +ve groups, in pregnant women (79.2 ±53.2 ng/ml)
compared with PCR –ve groups. There was a highly significant differences of IL-8 between
pregnant women and the control group. The study showed that the highest mean level of IL-8
(77.61±60.4 ng/ml), in pregnant at 2
nd trimester of pregnancy, followed by 3rd
trimester. This
study was concluded that a highly elevation of IL-8 level was correlated Toxoplasma
infection in pregnant women and real time PCR is golden method in diagnosis of
toxoplasmosis.

Contraceptive is a device which prevents women from becoming pregnant; it is a
reversible method in preventing pregnancy. To show the type of contraceptive used by
women attending family planning clinic in Kirkuk. This study was carried on 94 females
attending family planning clinics in Kirkuk hospitals to determine types of contraceptives
used by them. Among 94 women included in this study, the age of majority of women were
ranging from 35 and above, the highest percentage had 2 parity, the commonest contraceptive
used was condom followed by IUD, injection and tablets.

A total of 181 blood samples were collected from patients that suspected have been
infected by septicemia from those how had burns infection or underwent surgery operation in
the period of study that's extended from 1st January 2017 to 30th April 2018. Gram-positive
Staphylococci constituted 28 isolates (50%) in total of 56 isolated isolates from 37 samples
(20.44%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) constituted 17 isolates (60.7%) followed
by coagulase-positive staphylococci which represented by Staphylococcus aureus 11(39.3%)
from total of Gram-positive Staphylococci isolates, while obtained only one isolate of
Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Pseudomonas aeruginosa occupied the highest ratio 29.6% in 8
isolates from total gram-negative 27 isolates (48.2%) followed by Escherichia coli and
Enterobacter.spp in 6 isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3 isolates, Acinetobacter baumannii in
2 isolates, while obtained only one isolate from Rautella terigena and Proteus mirabilis. This
study is included also sensitivity test against sepsis bacterial pathogens by different type of antibiotics, bacterial species varied in resistance toward used antibiotics, where the all isolates
are resistance against ampicillin, in the same ratio are sensitive toward tigeycycline except P.
aeruginosa, while all isolates are sensitive toward Tecoplanin and linezolid in ratio 100%.

In the present study, (Cu2S) thin films were deposited by using chemical bath deposition
(CBD) technique. The effect of the preparation conditions on film properties was studied by
varying the molar concentration (M) of thiourea [CS(NH2)2] (0.6, 1, 1.3, 1.6 M). The optical
properties data revealed that the optical Energy gap was in the range (2.68-2.75eV). The
structural properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results
indicate that they have a nanocrystalline structure with chalcocite phase and crystalline
structure at the diffraction angle 32.7° corresponds to the crystalline level (431) which
belongs to the monoclinic crystal structure. The results of the scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) showed the formation of nanostructured Cu2S with grain size in the range of (90-
140nm). Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was used to study the surface topography and
grain distribution on the film surface. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used to investigate
the elemental analysis of the film. Raman peaks were observed at (265-474cm-1
). Hall Effect
showed that all (Cu2S) films have p-type conductivity due to the copper, and the electrical
conductivity increases with increase the molecular concentration of thiourea.

The study goal to study the relation between the solar radiation and air temperature in the
different locations of Kirkuk governorate (Latitude: 35.47°N, Longitude: 44.39°E) (Haweij,
Qar enger, Daquq and Alton Copry) from using data of (Solar radiation and air temperature)
for the year (2013), was available from the Iraqi Agro meteorology Network / Ministry of
Agriculture.
In this study the relationship between Solar radiation and air temperature has been
investigated by calculation the correlation coefficient by using program of Microsoft excel
(2010), results show strong linear correlation between the monthely and seaseonally sum of
solar radiation and the monthely and seaseonally average of air temperature in the four
studying locations.
Monthely correlation coefficient between (0.93 – 0.96), in the other hand Seaseonally
correlation coefficient between (0.91 – 0.99) in studying locations. This indicates that the
increasing in solar radiation leads to increase the values of air temperature, and the decreasing
in solar radiation leads to decrease the values of air temperature.

The expansive soil is one of the most important problems faced by the engineer in the
field of soil mechanics and foundation engineering because of the damage caused by
engineering facilities such as light buildings, roads and other light engineering facilities.
The objective of the study is to study the volumetric variation of the soil as a result of the
leakage of water from the pipes and septic tanks using the uncoupled solution with finite
elements method based on the Seep / W and Sigma / W packages of the Geo-studio 2012
program. We chose (Siddiq district) from the left side of Mosul city Because of it swelling
properties and effect on the buildings sited on it. The effect of the change of the base width,
the load, distance the source of the leakage from the base edge, was studied on the swelling
and the type of relationship that the inflation associated with these variables. The results
showed that there is a critical distance to the drainage tank from the edge of the base where
the swelling is at its greatest value, and the swelling decreases as we move away from this
distance. A study of the effect of water leakage from sewage pipes revealed that there is a
critical depth of these pipes on the base edge, which has a swelling at its highest value and
also decreases as we move away from this depth. Therefore, when designing the buildings
built on the soils, the sites of the pipes and reservoirs of sewage and then from both the critical and critical depth, which leads to reduce the rate of swelling and achieve the integrity
of engineering origin. It is noted that the highest swelling rate (0.96%) was at a width of 3m
and carried a 50kN load when the sewage pipe was 2m horizontally and vertically from the
edge of the foundation and the soil surface, respectively. (-0.98%) for the basis of width
(0.5m) and under the influence of a load of 150kN when the coordinates of the tube (1m)
from the surface of the earth and (6m) from the edge of the base.

Two hundred samples of clinical samples were collected from different sources from
Kirkuk General Hospital, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Children Hospital and the Specialized
Center of Respiratory and Chest Diseases clinics in Kirkuk city from the period Feb., 15,
2018 to Jun., 15, 2018 from out- and in-patients after consultation with the specialist doctor
and the samples were forwarded to the laboratory. The data of each of the samples were
recorded in special forms and they included: 55 samples of respiratory tract infection, 25
blood samples, 30 samples of meningitis, 30 samples of urinary tract infection, 30 wound
samples and 30 burn samples. The isolates were identified after being cultured on MacConkey
agar, and Blood agar. The biochemical tests: Oxidase and Catalase were done for the samples
and for final diagnosis API 20E system was used. After culture and diagnosis, 12 isolates of
Acinetobacter baumannii were obtained, of which five were from sputum, three from swabs
of burns, two swabs of wound and an isolate from each of bacteremia and CSF. The results of
the sensitivity tests for A. baumannii isolates from different clinical sources from Kirkuk
hospitals for 13 different antibiotics showed resistance of the bacterial isolates of the study at
different rates. All the samples (100%) showed resistance to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,
Ceftazidim, Cefotaxime, Chloramphenicol and Trimethoprime, while 83.33% showedresistance to Amikacin, Lefofloxacin, Trimethoprime-Sulphamethoxazole and Piperacillin,
and 58.33% to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid and Gentamycin and 50 % to Imipenem .

Two hundred samples of clinical samples were collected from different sources from
Kirkuk General Hospital, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Children Hospital and the Specialized
Center of Respiratory and Chest Diseases clinics in Kirkuk city from the period Feb., 15,
2018 to Jun., 15, 2018 from out- and in-patients after consultation with the specialist doctor
and the samples were forwarded to the laboratory. The data of each of the samples were
recorded in special forms and they included: 55 samples of respiratory tract infection, 25
blood samples, 30 samples of meningitis, 30 samples of urinary tract infection, 30 wound
samples and 30 burn samples. The isolates were identified after being cultured on MacConkey
agar, and Blood agar. The biochemical tests: Oxidase and Catalase were done for the samples
and for final diagnosis API 20E system was used. After culture and diagnosis, 12 isolates of
Acinetobacter baumannii were obtained, of which five were from sputum, three from swabs
of burns, two swabs of wound and an isolate from each of bacteremia and CSF. The results of
the sensitivity tests for A. baumannii isolates from different clinical sources from Kirkuk
hospitals for 13 different antibiotics showed resistance of the bacterial isolates of the study at
different rates. All the samples (100%) showed resistance to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,
Ceftazidim, Cefotaxime, Chloramphenicol and Trimethoprime, while 83.33% showedresistance to Amikacin, Lefofloxacin, Trimethoprime-Sulphamethoxazole and Piperacillin,
and 58.33% to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid and Gentamycin and 50 % to Imipenem .

The study was conducted during the 2017-2018 growing season to evaluate the responses of
genotypic of (Vica faba L.) to the potassium sulfate fertilizer, Spanish (LueDeotono) and Turkish
(Yildiz) with five levels from potassium were (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg L-3
). Treatments were
laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication , The results of
this study revealed that Turkish genotypes showed significant effects in the traits plants hight,
flowers number, and yield weight, in the other hand the genotype Spanish gave a high number of
leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight. Application of potassium fertilizer
showed significant effect gave a higher value in plant height, the number of leaves, flower
number and chlorophyll content, fresh at dry weight for the stem. The interaction between the
genotypic and potassium gave a higher chlorophyll, leaves number per plant, fresh at dry weight
and yield weight.

The study was carried out in Agricultural college Research station /University of Tikrit at
18/10/2017 used 4 genotypes (PO6-OO1FB/FL, PO6-OO5FB/FL, PO6-OO9FB/FL, PO6-
OO14FB/FL) and its crosses from second filial of faba Bean the genotypes were recorded as
number(1,4,5 and8) respecitivly and for its crosses from second fillial (1×4), (1×8), (4×8) and
(5×8) which proved from pervious study the decrease in parents content and its crosses in first
fillial from Tainine percentage, which planted in rows at the flowering back cross
hybridization was done for every cross and with its parents for regarding as female parents
with the second fillial crosses were obtained and planted the data had measured the results of crossing (1×4), (1×8), (4×8) and (5×8) with its parents gave highly significant differences the
ratio of genetic variances gave high from environment variance which was the traits
controlled by additive gene action more than dominance action beside that the Heritability
ratios of broad sense were high in most traits. And the Heritability by narrow sense was high
for the cross (1×8) in the traits: plant height, leaf area, number of the branches, weight of the
seed and the Heritability by narrow sense for the traits: number of the days for 50%
flowering, plant height, leaf area, number of the branches, weight of the seed, single yield and
yield efficiency, while the cross (4×8) gave high values for the traits: number of the days for
50% flowering, number of the branches, number of the pod seed, weight of the seed and yield
efficiency the cross(1×4) was high in the Heritability by narrow sense for the traits:, number
of the pods, number of pod seeds, seed yield and yield efficiency, while the four crosses gave
higher ratios in number of the branches, number of the seeds in the pod and yield index,
where as it were moderate for other traits.

The effect of the preparation conditions was studied by changing the molar concentration
(M) for thiourea [CS(NH2)2] (0.6, 1, 1.3, 1.6 mol) On the Performance of (Cu2S/Si)
photodetector which Prepared by (CBD) technique. The photovoltaic properties of the
detector, which included the study of the characteristics of current-voltage in the case of
darkness and using the forward bias and reverse bias at the rated voltages from -5 to +5V, The
(Cu2S/Si) heterojunction is an asymmetric; the figure of merit (Ф) of the films was calculated
as a function of molar concentration, The linear characteristics of the (Cu2S/Si) heterojunction
were studied. The properties of the applied photodetector were studied, by The responsivity
(Rλ) of all photodetectors which exhibits two peaks of response, the maximum responsivity
was about 2.06A/W at 450nm and 2.13A/W at 850nm obtained for the photodetector prepared
at 1.5mol. the Specific Detectivity (D*) showed two peaks in the Spectrum of the Specific
Detectivity, Quantum Efficiency (η) was calculated and The minority carriers of the
photodetector was measured, and the length of diffusion carriers was calculated.