Journal of Nabu

The current research aims to reveal the psychological dimensions of lighting employment in cinematic films, by recognizing the importance of lighting in films, its objectives, and techniques, and then moving on to revealing the types of lighting and their conditions and how to invest them to ensure the greatest possible impact on the psychology of viewers. The importance of research from the importance of cinema as a social product that is affected by society and reflects its image and reformulates it and then returns to affect this society, moving its feelings, emotions and psychological state in certain directions, in addition to the importance of lighting in cinematic films as they carry a qualitative expressive energy, and phenotypical characteristics worthy of consideration. The research followed the descriptive analytical approach, and the research concluded that lighting is of great importance in cinematic visual design, as it creates a fundamental emotional impact. Both the director of photography and the film director seek to harness the element of lighting in order to influence the ways in which the viewer responds to the narrative development of the film.
Keywords: lighting in cinematographic films

Our current research is concerned with studying the aesthetic references of the art of bronze artifacts from the Chinese arts and the impact of these references on the intellectual and objective structure and the structural systems of bronze artifacts, as this study is based on several axes. The importance of the research lies in studying the sources of creativity in bronze artifacts and their aesthetic and expressive connotations, as this study provides an additional knowledge in the field of Chinese bronze art. Which includes the country of China. As for the second chapter, it dealt with the aesthetic references in ancient China. The second topic deals with bronze works in Chinese art. The chapter ends with indicators of the theoretical framework. As for the third chapter, it included the research community, which amounted to (15) bronze artworks, and the research sample included (three Artistic works) were selected intentionally, according to several well-studied justifications, and ended with the analysis of the sample, and the fourth chapter Just look at the search results, including:
1. The models (1, 2, 3) used the technique of embossing, casting and molding, adding a kind of aesthetic harmony with the structural unity of the material used.
2. Models (2, 3) carried regional features centered on rhythmic movements associated with body language and ceremonial and ritual dances.
3. The models derived their decorative forms from nature. They depend on totemic formal symbols and color symbols with ideological connotations that go back to deep historical roots.
The researcher reached the following conclusions:
1. The bronze artifacts contained figures of mythical figures and their association with religious thought and formulated in forms and connotations according to traditional contexts to give a clear aesthetic image.
2. The bronze artifacts were characterized by flat designs with two dimensions and three-dimensional stereoscopic values of movement and depth in understanding the structural structural dimensions to invest traditional materials to formulate an updated aesthetic image.
3. The bronze artifacts were characterized by the mythical, ideological dimension and the sacred figures that are still widely circulated in Chinese culture, to evoke aesthetic connotations

Research Summary with (the structural diversity of Art Deco in modern American ceramics) and within the framework of this topic, the researcher sensed that there are questions related to the visual and structural surface and its variations, and this is what needs clarification by revealing the structural diversity used in showing and forming ceramic work, and the extent of its impact on construction Formal.
As the research contained four chapters, the first chapter concerned with the methodological framework that presents the research problem, which is defined by the following questions: What is the structural diversity of Art Deco in modern American ceramics? What are the working mechanisms of Art Deco in modern ceramics?
The first chapter also dealt with the importance of research and the need for a mechanism, while the study aimed to: identify the structural diversity of Art Deco in modern ceramics.
The limits of the research were limited to studying the American ceramic formations confined between (1920-2045) AD. And then identify the most important terms contained in the research and a definition.
As for the second chapter, it contained two topics. The first topic dealt with the diversity in the constructivism of artistic forms: The second topic dealt with the stylistic diversity of Art Deco in modern American art.
As for the third chapter, it was concerned with the research procedures, which included (18) works of American potters, and the research sample was represented by (3) pottery works.
The fourth chapter included the results, the most important of which are:
1- The elements (line, color, area, texture) formed constructive relationships in a variety of formats that interact at the level of the pictorial surface in all models of the research sample.
2- Realizing the linkage and coordination relationships in the structure of ceramic formations, which have contributed to an effective role in showing the dynamic nature of enhancing the force of attraction and balance in the structure of the formation of the recipient.
They are the conclusions:
- 1The performance and technical methods used in the treatment of structural form in the currents of modern American ceramics produced a variety of structural forms.
- 2The expressive aesthetic dimension in modern American ceramics contributed to the implementation of artists' ideas, free from objective restrictions, in beautiful constructive forms.
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is completed with a set of tools, special equipment, and various techniques that the researchers will address in their study (Technical Diversity in the Drawings of Iraqi Artists). The research included four chapters: The first chapter included: The research problem and its question: What is the technical diversity in the drawings of Iraqi artists? Its importance, its need, and the aim of the research: To identify the technical diversity in the drawings of Iraqi artists. and its limits and definition of terminology. As for the second chapter: it included two topics: the first topic: the concept of technical diversity (philosophically / technically). The second topic: artistic techniques (historical essence / visual performance), and the third chapter: included the research community, its sample amounting to (4) visual texts, its tool, and the analysis of sample models. The fourth chapter: includes the results and conclusions, and among the most important results are: the diversity of the artistic composition of the expatriate artists, stylistically and technically in each work, in relation to the diversity of the modern and contemporary art schools that they were influenced by. The ready-made material was also employed to add to the work a unique expressive and aesthetic energy, which had the effect of creating a new style that expresses the artist's liberal aspirations. Also, the diversity of the technical performance included the openness of the visual display and non-adherence to the surface of the traditional painting. It used new tools and materials to show the artistic achievement in which the recipient and the visual text participate in an interactive sign. Among the most important conclusions: the multiplicity of styles and techniques among expatriate artists, depending on the richness of experience and its stylistic transformations that were carried out according to data and concepts (modernity and postmodernism), and this in turn led to technical diversity in the artwork.
Keywords: diversity, technology, expatriates

the current research sheds light on a very important aspect, namely the effects of psychological trends on the performance of the Iraqi theatrical actor, so the current research consisted of: - Chapter one - the methodological framework
It includes: - The research problem, which includes the following question: - What are the effects of psychological schools on the performance of the Iraqi theater actor? The importance of research and the need lies in the fact that it benefits students in institutes.
And academies of fine arts, especially students with theatrical competence. The aim of the research is to identify the effects of psychological trends on the performance of the Iraqi theater actor. Research limits, a - the time limit: - 2000-2010
2- The spatial limit: - The Royal Jordanian Theater - Amman and the National Theater – Baghdad .
3 - Boundaries of the subject: - Studying the influence of the psychological teacher on the performance of the Iraqi theatrical actor And the definition of terms and the procedural definition. The second chapter - the theoretical framework and consists of the following sections: - The first topic is the concept of psychological trends. The second topic: the effects of psychological trends on the actor globally. And previous studies and the results of the theoretical framework in terms of indicators. The third chapter is represented by the procedures, which is an analysis of an Iraqi theatrical show, which is the play (The Bedouin and the Orientalist + The Kingdom of Al-Jawahiri), written and directed by Aqil Mahdi Youssef , and the play (Echo) directed by Hatem ouda, and then the fourth chapter, the results of the research and it
s discussion, and finally the fifth chapter, the conclusions, and it includes the following points :
1- The trend (Jean-Jacques Rousseau) influences the practice of learning on the performance of theatrical actor in terms of practicing various exercises, which contributes to the development of his motor and speech skills.
2- The (William James) trend affects the muscular response on the performance of the actor, which gives him the skill of motor response to the stimulus.
3- The Gestalt trend exerts an influence on the performance of the theatrical actor
4- The effect of Freud's (self-introspection) trend on reformulating previous images according to new data on the most important condition of successful acting performance, which is focus.
And then a list of references and sources.
Keywords: Afectes , Psycological trends, the acting theater

The habitus, as a concept, is a systemic internal structure embedded in the actor. It is built and strengthened through the acquisitions represented by habits, natures, faculties, and values. The actor begins to acquire them, starting with the family, inheritance, traditions, and the environment within which the individual coexists. However, it appears in the unconscious state when exposed to situations and passing through topics that require expression according to certain criteria, so the habitus presents the appropriate response to compensate and create a balance between action and releasing what is appropriate for it. This study, marked (Representations of the Habitus in the Performance of the Iraqi Theatrical Actor), consists of four chapters. The first chapter consists of the research methodology and includes (1- the problem of research, 2- the importance of research and the need for a mechanism, 3- the aim of the research, 4- the limits of the research, 5- defining the terms As for the second chapter, the theoretical framework for the research, and it included 1- The habitus, its concept and its approaches, 2- The habitus cognitively (intellectually - socially), 3- The habitus in the performance of the global theater actor (Western-Arab), while the third chapter included the research procedures, and included 1- The research community , 2- Research sample, 3- Research methodology, 4- Research tool, 5- Analysis of the sample, and the performance of the play (Meet Matt) was analyzed. The fourth chapter included 1- The most important results of the research (representing the habitus in adapting the body of the actor and its integration with cultural structures Social, social and inherited traditions and reproduced in aesthetic and creative formulas that weave intellectual threads of convergence between the realism of society and the objectivity of the dramatic event), 2- Conclusions, 3- Sources and references

The research focused on studying (the concept of freedom in the theatrical texts of Awatef Naim) to demonstrate the concept of freedom and what this human concept carries in terms of human and educational values and orientations and the nature of the playwright's orientations and her liberal thought through the characters of the text and its other dramatic components to be a media and documentary medium that carries with it the nature of reality and carries the data of history with intellectual visions And aesthetic touching recipient (reader). The research consisted of four chapters, the first of which included (the methodological framework of the research) and included (the research problem) centered on the following question (How did the playwright Awatif Naim employ the concept of freedom in the structure of her theatrical texts?) While (the importance of research and the need for it) was manifested by standing on the values Aesthetic, artistic and intellectual in the methods of writing the theatrical text, and as a cognitive achievement that benefits students in the faculties of fine arts and their institutes. As for the limits of the research, they were determined from (2005-2015 AD) by studying the theatrical text in Iraq, and the chapter was concluded by defining the terms.
The second chapter (the theoretical framework for the research) included three sections, the first of which specialized in investigating the concept of freedom philosophically. The second section included the concept of freedom in the global theatrical text. As for the third topic, it was concerned with the intellectual and artistic references of the playwright Awatif Naim, and the chapter concluded with previous studies and the indicators that resulted in the theoretical framework.
As for the third chapter (research procedures), it included (the research community) consisting of (10) published Iraqi theatrical texts, and two of them were chosen for analysis as sample models, which is the play (Lorca's Women, written by Awatef Naeem, 2005 AD), (I, the torment and your love, Written by Awatif Naim, 2013 AD).
While the fourth chapter contained the results, including:
1. Freedom as a human behavior emanating from the human self instinctively was manifested in model (1) in defining freedom and the soul as a homogeneous unit, and in model (2) self-reliance and self in resorting to freedom.
2. Revolution and protest emerged as important factors for achieving freedom, as represented in model (1) by revolution against repression and domination by the mother, and model (2) in revolution and protest to regain homeland and freedom.
The chapter also included conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.
Keywords: (freedom, Lorca's women, dramatic components

Summary
The research included in its folds papers that dealt with (the impact of humanism in the drawings of Safaa Al-Saadoun), and it studied the transformations of humanism in philosophical, aesthetic, psychological and social thought. Transformations of the human tendency in the expressive works of the artist, Safaa Al-Saadoun, and the role of the artist in conveying the human message carried by his artistic subjects. The research was divided into four chapters that included the first chapter: including the methodological framework for the research, and it contained the research problem in which the light was shed on the extent of the influences that contributed to the formation of the human tendency of the artist, as well as the importance of research and the need for it, and the aim of the research represented in revealing the features of the tendency Humanity in the drawings of Safaa Al-Saadoun of Tiberia, while the limits of the research were limited to studying the artistic expressive works of the artist, and the researcher identified some terminologies and their definition.
As for the second chapter: it included the theoretical framework in two sections: the first topic: the human tendency in thought and philosophy - and the second topic: expressionism in the works of Safaa Al-Saadoun,
As for the third chapter, it included the research procedures, from the research community, the research sample amounting to (3) models, the research tool, the research methodology, and the sample analysis.
In the fourth chapter, it included the results and conclusions of the research, and the most important findings of the researcher are:
1- The features of the human tendency appeared in the artist’s works, embodied through a variety of different topics.
2- The features of the human tendency are evident in the expressive style of Safaa Al-Saadoun in his choice of topics that he derives from reality and daily social life, which defines his ideas in the ways he chooses people and places that he draws from daily reality.

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The current research dealt with (Abstractionism in Contemporary Iraqi Feminist Art). The artistic jurisprudence of abstraction used a distinguished place in Iraqi art painting in general and Iraqi feminist art in particular, who strived to embody objective facts and to embody subjective feelings. Iraqi artists expressed their modern plastic language in addition to Absorption of the propositions of modernity and their employment with regard to vision and form, as well as the mechanics of construction, i.e. in formation and treatments. We are now facing the experience of contemporary Iraqi female painters, which is rich in the diversity of abstract art. This is evident through the styles of female painters and the prevailing intellectual attitudes in favor of a new artistic vision.
In light of this, the researcher formulated the problem through the following question: (What is the abstract tendency in contemporary Iraqi feminist art), and the first chapter included the goal of the research, which is to reveal (the abstract tendency in contemporary Iraqi feminist art). As for the limits of the research, it was limited to studying and analyzing illustrated models The works of Iraqi female artists for the period of time (2006 AD - 2021 AD) that Iraqi female artists accomplished during this period with abstract art, then the aforementioned chapter concluded with the terms related to the title of the research. As for the second chapter, it included a presentation of the theoretical framework, which included two topics.
As for the second section, which consists of two axes, the first axis - the feminist movement, and the second axis, the Iraqi feminist formation (establishment and references), and the chapter ends with indicators of the theoretical framework for research, and previous studies, the third chapter is dedicated to presenting research procedures and in terms of monitoring the research community and its limits by (35) plastic artists. And the information related to it to select a sample from it in an intentional way, which amounted to (4) samples for the sample that covered the limits of the research by adopting the descriptive and analytical method for the purpose of analyzing it.

The research included four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the methodological framework of the research and the research problem represented by the following question: How does rejection appear in the Arab theatrical text, while the importance of the research and the need for it came to shed light on the manifestations of rejection in the Arab theatrical text. The Arabic theatrical text, then the chapter ends with terms and procedural definition, where procedural rejection is defined as (denial, exclusion and revolution against all crises and calamities experienced by the individual, whether social or psychological, which may affect his behavior negatively in his relations with society). As for the second chapter, the theoretical framework and studies The previous one included two sections, the first was entitled the concept of philosophical and social rejection, while the second topic was within the title of rejection in the Arab theatrical text, while the third chapter dealt with the research procedures and the research sample that the researcher deliberately chose to suit the topic of the research and its problem, while the fourth chapter included the most important results and conclusions Then a list of sources and references.
Keywords: (refusal, revolution, rebellion, will, feminist text)

The current research tagged (the dialectic of form and content in the statues of women in the works of the sculptor Rabah Ali Al-Saadi) is a study that focused on the form and content in the field of sculpture. This study included four chapters. In the statues of women in the works of the sculptor Rabah Ali Al-Saadi). As for: Refer to the second, in which the
study of sculpture from the contemporary reference and foundation was completed, and the second chapter ended with the indicators that resulted in the theoretical framework, while the third included the most prominent of which is the research and included the research community and its sample, the research methodology and the search tool for the results of the research, and the fourth chapter contained the results of the research and the most prominent of them.Direct inquiry It also works the way you search and list results and consulti

sculptures). It contained the importance of research and the need for it, and the research goal represented by (the effectiveness of space in Ali Jabbar's sculptures), and identifying the most important terms contained in it. As for the second: it contained a study: first: the concept of space and second: space in contemporary Iraqi sculpture. Third: Space in the works of Ali Jabbar. As for the third chapter: it included the research procedures, and the selection of models from the sample, which amounted to (3) models, by adopting the descriptive approach. The fourth chapter included: results and conclusions, as well as recommendations and proposals.
Among the most important search results:
1-The compatible harmony between the masses of the sculptural achievements came to draw the viewer's gaze towards the relationships of the elements and their multiple spaces to achieve the required effectiveness between the two
2-The sculptor (Ali Jabbar) paid attention to the diverse technical multiplicity to give direct expressions and multiple and varied aesthetic features to the sculptural blocks, achieving aesthetic effectiveness that establishes a coherent sculptural unit.
Among the most important conclusions:
1-The sculptor (Ali Jabbar) highlighted the importance of the material and the inspiration of the design idea of his sculptural block through the block and its relationship to space, which appeared as if one complements the other and enhances the aesthetic and artistic elevation.
• Keywords: space, sculpture, Iraqi composition, Ali Jabbar

The Summary of the Research
The researcher takes care of the interpellation in the Iraqi dramatic text. That's because the interpellation is considered to be one of the most principal concepts in post colonization studies.
For this reason the researcher divided his research into four chapters:
The first chapter took care of the methodical framework of the research which included the research problem which focused on this question: (What is the interpellation in the Iraqi dramatic text?).
And the importance of the research to help those who study, research and work in the theatrical sphere. As well as the purpose of the research (the definition of the interpellation in the Iraqi dramatic text). From (2010- 2020) and its location in Iraq. Besides, the objectivity in studying the interpellation in the Iraqi dramatic text. In addition to the idiom of the interpellation.
The secondi chapter included the theoretical framework of the research and it was divided into three parts:
A/ The interpellation as a concept.
B/ The interpellation as an approaching knowledge.
C/ The interpellation in the Iraqi, Arabic and global dramatic text.
The third chapter included the research procedure and it contained (28) dramatic texts. Hence, a play sample was chosen intentionally. It was a play called (Istedmaj) written by (Hisham Shubber) in (2018).
The researcher depended upon the systematic description to analyze that sample according to the nature of the present research.
The fourth chapter included the results, conclusions, recommendations, suggestions, sources, reference books and appendixes. Thus, the researcher reached to the end of the research to these results in analyzing the play sample:

1- The structure of the interpellation depended upon the dual reality of destruction and building. It removes some characteristics from the personality and replaces other new characteristics that suit the ideological standpoints of the authority.
2- The structure of the interpellation depended upon detaching the human being and separating him from his real identification by giving him an unreal one in order to let him be always under control.
Key Words: Interpellati

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The current research dealt with the irony that appeared in contemporary art, so it was concerned with studying the extent of the presence of this case in sculpture in particular, and through investigation and research for the reasons for the presence of irony and according to a scientific method, and in order to achieve the goal of the research, which is embodied in (irony in contemporary art), and from this goal the problem centered as follows:
Irony in human life was part of an action and reaction to many critical, philosophical and social practices, and irony also took an aesthetic dimension to impose reform and direct the other in a socially and morally acceptable direction. Therefore, we find a lot of sculpture works, especially in modern art, dealing with how to represent irony? ... and the current research will be exposed to (How was irony represented in contemporary art?) by studying the sculptural works of the period (1961-1986 AD) and analyzing models from the study sample (artworks of contemporary sculpture) according to the descriptive approach, and the research ends with a set of results, the most important of which are:
1. The irony in the works of sculpture had psychological and correctional dimensions.
2. The irony had an aesthetic dimension.
3. The works of modern or contemporary sculpture used the subject of irony in different ways (including the abstract expressionist method), including the (kinetic style).
4. The expressionist trend had a clear influence on contemporary sculptural works, in addition to the abstract trend.
The researcher also reached the most important conclusions, including the following:
1. We find that irony was present in contemporary sculpture by addressing meaningful topics.
2. Most of the completed works carry thought and philosophy concerned with the subject, no matter how sacred it is. The sculptor, with his irony, is ready
Keywords: (aesthetics of sculptures - satirical sculptures - irony - contemporary art)

Abstract:
This research is concerned with studying (formal diversity in the production of contemporary Iraqi women painters), and it may consist of four chapters, where the first chapter is devoted to clarifying the research problem, the importance of the research, the need for it, the purpose of its study, the temporal and spatial limits, and the identification of the most important terms that came in the study. The research problem also dealt with the formal diversity of Iraqi painting and the impact of external conditions and European painting schools in Iraqi formation, and then the extent to which this was affected by the product of Iraqi female painters in terms of form and style. Through that, the research problem arose in the following question: What is the formal diversity in the product of contemporary Iraqi female painters? The importance of the research was to shed light on the artistic experience of Iraqi female painters. As for the second chapter represented by the theoretical framework, it may consist of two sections: The first topic is the formal diversity in modern painting, taking an entrance into the concept of formal diversity and the concept of form and formal diversity in art schools, and the second topic is devoted to the experiences of female painters. Contemporary Iraqi women in terms of aesthetic and artistic characteristics through an introduction to contemporary Iraqi painting and the experiences of some Iraqi female painters. As for the third chapter on research procedures, the research community includes samples of our Iraqi women painters’ paintings available through their personal websites and internet networks. Five samples were selected from the research community intentionally for analysis. The descriptive analysis of the research samples was also adopted. As for the fourth chapter, it included the research results and conclusions.

Study Summary:
The current study is looking at identifying the tasks that art education can perform to confront the challenges and manifestations of environmental violence, and the possibility of employing its fields to modify human behavior and reconfigure a positive concept towards the artistic environment. Since preserving the environment is a major dimension of development for any society. The matter did not stop at this point, as the impact of these manifestations reverberated in another way on the negative reshaping of the habits and behaviors of individuals, which resulted in spreading a state of instability, general chaos, and an increase in violent behavior.
The issue of protecting the environment is a complex issue that cannot be guaranteed by the legislative aspects and technical procedures alone. Rather, it is an issue primarily related to reshaping the cultural and educational frameworks that target the process of developing the life of the individual and society, and in view of what artistic education seeks to improve the taste and aesthetic sense of the members of society. What it contributes to refine their behavior and morals, and deepen their abilities to distinguish between ugliness and beauty, and what it accounts for in satisfying the desired aspects of learning by virtue of its nature as educational and recreational activities that are beloved, and its direct connection with the environment

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The research aims to identify an educational design according to strategies for improving remembering and its impact on the achievement of second-grade students in the subject of social studies. Division (A) was chosen randomly to represent the experimental group, and in the same way Division (B) was chosen to represent the control group. The researcher studied the study material from the social book for the second intermediate grade, then the researcher formulated behavioral objectives, as their number reached (120) behavioral objectives representing the first four cognitive levels of Bloom’s classification in the cognitive domain. 40) an objective test item of the type of multiple choice with four alternatives according to (the specification table) and the validity, discrimination coefficient, difficulty, effectiveness of alternatives and stability were verified; Its stability was verified by the split-half method. The researcher used the appropriate statistical methods to extract the data, and the results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group.
keywords: Instructional design, strategies to improve memory, academic achievement,

The use of symbols in plastic drawings goes back a long way, as it is one of the activities of human thought, which man used since ancient times to express his thoughts, feelings, and habits. The symbol was used by ancient man throughout those ages and acquired various cultural meanings and concepts, as the use of symbols in the arts dates back to the period paleolithic, And we can trace the use of the symbol from those times until our contemporary history through a chronological sequence through which we see the development of the use of the symbol, visually, and for several different reasons, religious, political, social, and that the artist reflects his feelings, feelings and ideas on those products, and through the features of these elements the research problem that formed in the form of questions, including: what is the code ? What is the role of the symbol in plastic art? What are the popular symbols used by the artist Hazem Saleh in his artistic works? The objective of the research is: to identify how to employ traditional symbols in the works of the artist Hazem Saleh as an expressive means that has its artistic characteristics. Terminology to serve the research topic, As for the second chapter, it dealt with the theoretical framework and included three sections. The first topic focused on the concept of the symbol philosophically, the symbol in modern plastic art. The second topic dealt with: Heritage in contemporary painting, and a historical entry into the experience and life of the artist Hazem Saleh. As for the third chapter, procedures were taken. The research taken by the two researchers with the aim of achieving the goal of the research, the researchers chose five works of art, and the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, and analyzed the research sample, As for the fourth chapter, it included the results of the research, conclusions, recommendations and proposals, and the most important of these results was: the inspiration of the Iraqi cultural heritage rich in aesthetic and intellectual values and deep symbolic connotations. Some conclusions, including: The artist emphasizes the importance of art for man. In his view, it is not a secondary thing or a mere complement to human life or an ornamental thing. Rather, it must be seen as an essential component of it, and a necessary condition for its construction. Without it, life would be devoid of deep symbolic meanings and connotations. The artist’s works take us to the past with all Its elements, documenting and preserving human history from loss and extinction due to time.
The two researchers reached some conclusions, including what the artist emphasizes on the importance of art for man, as in his view it is not a secondary thing or a mere complement to human life or something decorative, but rather it must be seen as an essential component of it, and a necessary condition for its construction, for without it life would be devoid of meanings and connotations.

The research studied the aesthetics of static performance in the contemporary theatrical performance from the side of the climates producing the static performance , the performance technique on which it is based , and the aesthetic transmissions produced by this type of performance , as a new performance structure in the contemporary Iraqi theatrical show. It included four topics , the first chapter dealt with the methodological framework for the research including its problem, which centered on the following question : What are the , generating climates for static performance and what is the performance technique that is based on? What are the aesthetic broadcasts produced by this type of performance? As an innovative performance structure in contemporary Iraqi theatrical performance. The chapter also included the importance of the research, its aim and limitations , and definition of terminology.
The second chapter dealt with the theoretical framework , including two topics . The first topic studied the formation of static performance in the world stage.. from features to manifestation . The second topic studied the aesthetics of static performance in contemporary theatrical performance . The chapter concluded with the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework . The third chapter dealt with the procedural framework , including the research sample a play (A dead man died) for its director (Ali Abd al-Nabi al-Zaidi) , The chapter also included the research methodology and its tools , and then the sample analysis . The fourth chapter dealt with the results and conclusions , including :
1 _ The static performance , with the support of the theatrical space devoid of audiovisual patterns, created an aesthetic space stimulating for contemplation and listening.
2 _ The static performance resulted from a state of physical and psychological balance that resists pain and natural human tendencies, which appeared through the absence of expressions in the faces of the performers, in addition to their coldness and indifference .
3 _The static performance, in its dynamic technique, was based on a calm rhythm intersected with emotional and noisy movements , and relied on performance economy.
The research concluded with a list of sources and reference .
Keywords : aesthetics / performance / static / stillness

The current research deals with the study (psychological dimensions of fantasy in the art of contemporary indicative digital advertising "Freud, Jacques Lacan" as a model). To identify (the psychological dimensions of fantasy in the art of contemporary indicative digital advertising "Freud, Jacques Lacan" as a model
The chapter also contained the limits of the research and the definition of its terms.
The theoretical framework included three sections, the first section dealt with a study (conceptual fantasy), while the second section included (manifestations of fantasy in the treatises of Freud, Jacques Lacan), and the third section dealt with a study (the art of digital advertising and aesthetic expression), and the theoretical framework ended with a review The researcher studies previous studies and discusses them, in addition to the indicators concluded by the framework.
The third chapter was devoted to the research procedures and represented a community, while the research sample reached (2) a model that was chosen in an intentional manner, and the chapter also contained the research methodology, its tool, and the analysis of its sample.
As for the fourth chapter, it was devoted to presenting the results of the research, its conclusions, recommendations, and proposals, as the researcher reviews some of the results as follows: Brilliant, it mixed with reality and imagination, which gave it a pragmatic reading, as in models (1), (2).
2- Anmaz is the product of the art of designing with encoded spiritual discourse, through its digital formative structure replete with the semantic sign that carries within it a veiled content that is marked by the intention of transmission, so the work came (1), (2) bearing an implicit meaning that has socially adapted according to traditions and customs, thus achieving a dimension Subjectively, objectively, individually and societally.
Among the most important conclusions reached by the researcher:The psychological dimensions of digital art are represented by the union of the aesthetics of each element within the plastic structure, as its connotations are united like its aesthetic values, as it is a compact structural unit.
2- The psychological values of fantasy are achieved through the artist’s departure from traditional simulation to the space of innovative imagination and breaking the tradition of simulation, provided that this exit is according to perceived and logically organized principles to move to the production of forms that combine the subject and the familiar and the unfamiliar, achieving acceptance and visual enjoyment for the recipient.
One of the most important recommendationsreached by the researcherThey are: - 1- Holding seminars and cultural festivals within the academic institution so that it is possible to benefit from the knowledge store of artistic productions that are distinguished by a high psychological aesthetic.
2- Benefiting from the current research of primary and postgraduate students specializing in criticism and the arts in order to indicate their desire to study such topics and find approaches through various artistic styles and styles.
Key words duidance Fantasia ، advertising.

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- The vegetal and geometric motifs that were executed on the wood were characterized by accuracy and the method of symmetrical and opposite repetition, while the conclusions were:
- The emergence of decorative forms in humans as a result of the many modifications that he made in organic and engineering works.
The researcher recommended:
Conducting a complementary study of the design foundations of the decorations implemented on (NDF) by the perforation method .
As for the keywords : (Foundations - Decoration The researcher tackled, in this current research, the design foundations of the decorations tions implemented on wood? The study aimed to identify the design foundations for implementing these decorations across the spatial borders of Iraq from 2000 to 2010 for plant and engineering decorations , while in the second chapter, the researcher dealt with the chapter through two sections, the first section was building the decorative figure. The second section was the decoration on wood and implementation methods, while the third chapter dealt with the research methodology, the descriptive analytical approach, publication was (10) samples, four of them were tested , two samples were tested geometrically while the other two were tested by Al-Nabani form, the researcher dealt in the fourth chapter with research methods, including:
)

The recipient has become part of the creative process in the field of literature and art. All studies and research since ancient civilizations have confirmed that the creative process in the performing arts falls within an axis that starts from the author, then the director, and the recipient, who begins by drawing another image for a theatrical performance through the processes of interpretation and interpretation while watching the theatrical performances. Another visual image arises as a result of mental argument until it reaches the final image. . The new artistic image differs from one recipient to another according to the recipient's intellectual and cultural references. The creative process in the theatrical show begins with the director, in turn, putting a new reading of the author's text, converting the dramatic text into the show text, and then all the artists participate in making a reading until the final image of the theatrical show is produced. After that, the processes of interpretation and interpretation begin, and various and different connotations are produced, according to the vision and ideas of the recipient, to show and the extent of the impact of the directive reading on the recipient.
Kay words: semantic impact , show , TEX blank

Abstract
The aim of the research is to explore the relationship between the modernist composition and the cognitive formation of the contemporary Iraqi school theater texts, by examining its modernist features and its cognitive contents, and how its modernist formation affected the paths of forming its cognitive content, and to what extent this contributed to strengthening its educational and educational cognitive functions, by following the descriptive approach. Analytical, the research sample consisted of four theatrical texts. The research concluded that there is a close relationship between the modernist composition and the cognitive formation in the texts of the Iraqi school theater, in terms of the modernist formation contributed to enhancing the cognitive formation of the text, achieving its cognitive features and its educational ability in delivering its messages to the recipient, and then achieving the educational goals of the text, and that the formation of the intellectual position In the light of modernist concepts, it has been associated with the formation of the personality and the disclosure of its public and private cognitive components, relying on dense language and the use of symbol and abstraction. between the text and the recipient, and the modernist composition of the language of the school theater texts reinforced the employment of educational methods and methods, as the studied texts relied on the methods of advice and exhortation, and on the methods of demolition and construction, and this also contributed to achieving the educational goals of the texts, through the employment of facts, values and lived experiences in current time.
key words: Modernity, Cognitive, Modernist Formation, Cognitive Formation, School Theater

It is possible to access the process of learning and teaching within the frameworks and boundaries of the modern digital world according to audiovisual and kinetic techniques through technology and ideologies of users in the directions of modern theater and theory of presentation and management, as the research includes four chapters. The first chapter includes the methodological framework and the research problem centered in the following question: Who designed a digital program in evaluating the learning and teaching process to write the script for the university user?). While the importance of the research was evident in the interactive learning-learning communication of the user according to modern technology through the calculator in the production of theatrical script. As for the limits of the research, it was limited between (2016-2017). The chapter concluded by defining the basic terms and the procedural definition. As for the second chapter, the theoretical framework, it included two chapters on the first topic, the concept of teaching and learning, while the second chapter dealt with theatrical management, then the chapter concluded with the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework and previous studies and their discussion. As for the third chapter, it included the research procedures from its community and its sample, which was randomly chosen by the researcher, in accordance with the research topic, problem, and objectives. As for the research method, the researcher relied on the (experimental approach) and the researcher relied on designing a program based on a number of modern programs. As for the fourth chapter, it contained the results, including:
1- Increasing user awareness through modern technology.
2- Ease of employing theatrical digitals in the program, which gives more aesthetics in the electronic script.
Hence the conclusions, recommendations and proposals.
Keywords: (design, teaching and learning, digital scri

The second chapter contained the theoretical framework consisting of two sections. The first section deals with the technical variable and how it affects the raw materials of the artwork. The second section contained the features of the techniques used by modern European art painters and how they are among their intellectual contents. The most prominent artists and their artistic experiences were chosen. The research community, including available models in specialized sources, books, magazines, and the World Wide Web, and the research sample was chosen for the works of three artists, and the research methodology is the descriptive and analytical method. Sample analysis. And the fourth chapter includes the results of the research and includes the methods and techniques in the models of the research sample. The models revealed a clear diversity in the technical changes used in the production of artworks, and also the conclusions that the technical diversity shown by painters of modern art is an aspect reflected in their artistic vision.
Keywords: variable, variables, technology, techniques, the art of planning

Abstract
Our current research takes an analytical course on the plastic arts and their impact on dismantling extremism and enhancing intellectual security, as it is a form of a new necessity towards a vision that contributed to the crystallization and reading of the intellectual transformations at the level of the specifics. For a year, when this art possesses from the works of its grade of distinction in reading the visual art map, as much as the plastic artists have been in the way And what it contains of beliefs and inclination towards opinions and readings in the field of contemporary plastic art .
The researcher identified his research problem with a number of the following questions:
• The role of art and artists in confronting the scourge of violence, extremism and terrorism
• Did the plastic arts fill the intellectual void that crisis societies suffer from?
While the study aimed to identify and document extremism and try to eradicate it through contemporary plastic arts, whether at the level of its formal, reference or intellectual formulation.
As for the search, it was represented by the possibilities (Iraq- Europe), as it is extended to the time of the period (2010-2020), ensuring the extent of the extent that includes the comprehensive works of the compositions. And the presentation in that country and others, which included (the technical exhibitions, the general metaphors, the contempt, the network of the learners, the generations, the generations, the people, the group, the The second chapter included two sections, the researcher dealt with in the first topic: plastic arts and their work in creating content, while the second topic dealt with the concept of intellectual security In the third chapter, the researcher discussed the research procedures, the research community, its sample, and its analysis. In the fourth chapter, the results and conclusions of the research were presented, the most important of which were: It showed some ceramic works that were collected to document an important period in Iraq and the world. At the moment of the embrace of the artists and the protests of the complaint of the complainant, as the treasury workis the great tremor, which has sparked the worlds, forms, and the ways of the faces, the ways of the incursion, which was the same As the task of plastic artists was not limited to the documentary, expressive and decorative aspects, but the artwork itself is an important means or tool in the cultural scene industry. Finally, the recommendations, proposals, a list of Arab and foreign sources.

This research is concerned with the study of (cognitive vision according to the holistic analysis of post-conceptual art productions) and is located in three chapters. The problem of the current research included the topic (cognitive vision according to the holistic analysis of post-conceptual art productions), which witnessed the arena of intellectual and cultural dialogue, a state of unprecedented development in the stages of previous human civilizational thought, and the process of criticism helps to activate and move thinking and generate new ideas and visions, and therefore It is a necessary process to get rid of blind obedience and submission and not to present opinions and ideas without contemplation, as it calls for freedom, and these new attempts of a cognitive nature resulted in the loss of academic traditions and the artist entering into an experimental process. The cognitive effectiveness of art in general and plastic art in particular was manifested In the search of art criticism for the scientific methodology and its cognitive controls that led to the separation of the form from the content or meaning, which is in fact the separation from the referral outside the text with the meanings it represents. Therefore, the emergence of knowledge criticism was a prophecy of building a new criticism theater based mainly on shaking the ground of art criticism, whose methodological mechanisms were worn out, after it was until recently a systematic tool for reading and re-reading artistic texts for contemporary arts. In this period, he made it necessary to study the subject of cognitive criticism (holistic cognitive analysis), which was produced in the scope of post-conceptual arts. Hence, the researcher found the need to address the study and investigation of the cognitive vision according to the holistic analysis of the productions of post-conceptual arts and the artistic data that appeared by artists in the post-postmodern period, defining the problem of the current research in light of the answer to the following question: What is the cognitive vision according to the holistic analysis of the productions of arts Post-conceptual? How do you perform prostration?
The current research aims to reveal: (The epistemological vision according to the holistic analysis of the post-conceptual art productions.)
The limits of the research: First: Objective limits: Studying the visualizations of artistic productions with different materials and raw materials, in which the comprehensive analysis of knowledge criticism appears clearly.
Second: Temporal boundaries: (2010-2020) AD. Third: spatial borders: Europe. And America
While the second chapter included the theoretical framework and consisted of two sections: the first included (the holistic analysis approach to cognitive criticism in the foundation and the concept), while the second section was concerned with the study of (cognitive starting points for selected models of post-conceptual arts).
As for the third chapter, which was concerned with (research results), the results were:
1) The importance of the holistic vision of knowledge criticism, as it reveals the operation of the functions of artistic texts for post-conceptual productions and reading them according to a set of visual perceptions and mental and intellectual influences.
2) The holistic analysis of cognitive criticism affects the reflection of the sensory experience on the artworks after postmodernism (post-conceptual) that transformed to become active cultural activities. The search ended with a list of sources.

This research is concerned with the study of (aesthetic dimensions in the design of the facades of Gothic architecture), and it falls into four chapters. The problem of the current research focused on finding a research vision that corresponds with the aesthetic data of designing the facades of Gothic cathedrals, of a religious nature, to crystallize intellectual approaches to mix between religion and the authority of the Church on the one hand, and architecture on the other hand, through buildings built with various decorations that documented the subjects of Christ and Our Lady The Virgin, peace be upon her, as a model through which we investigate the idealistic ideas that affect the facades of Gothic cathedrals. The problem of the current research arose by answering the following question: What are the aesthetic dimensions in the design of the facades of Gothic cathedrals?
As for the second chapter, it included three sections, the first of which was philosophically aesthetic, while the second section dealt with the foundations and elements of design in architecture, and the third section included Gothic architecture in Europe. 4) Cathedrals, then the research tool, the research methodology, and the analysis of the sample models. The fourth chapter included the research results, conclusions, recommendations and proposals. One of the most important results reached by the researchers.
1- The aesthetic design of facades is achieved through the architectural engineering dimension with its straight horizontal and vertical lines.
2- Architectural designs are reproduced with their elements and foundations, and the aesthetic design is achieved in the decorative, architectural and engineering structures, and the mixing of different architectural styles.
Keywords: (aesthetic dimensions, design, facades, Gothic cathedrals

:
Movement constitutes one of the tools of theatrical work as the apparent element for him through which he can find communicative relationships, and movement plays an important role in theatrical performance in general depending on the physical energy he possesses and the ability to move regularly and smoothly. The research includes four chapters. The first chapter contains the research problem and importance And the goal and its limits and defining its terminology, and the second chapter included two topics, the first topic represented the semiotics of movement, while the second topic represented the pantomime and the application of the (Wiener) theory, and included the most important indicators of the theoretical framework, and the third chapter included the research community that was the same sample and contained the research method and then Sample Analysis The fourth chapter included the results and conclusions.
Keywords: semiotics, movement, relationship, theory

The current research dealt with (Cubism in the works of potter Christy Kinney) and included four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the research problem, which centered on the following question (What is Cubism in the works of potter Christy Kinney?), The first chapter included the importance of the research, the need for it, its aim and limits, and defining the terms contained in it .
As for the second chapter, it included two chapters. The first chapter was concerned with studying the visual foundation of Cubism. In the second chapter, the researchers reviewed the visual foundation of the contemporary potter. The second chapter ended with the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework. The third chapter dealt with the research procedures, including a community, a sample, and the research tool, and then analyzing the sample model. While the fourth chapter included the results of the research, its conclusions, recommendations and proposals, and the most prominent results of the research were:
1. Neglecting sensory data, and emphasizing mental images, by reducing the traditional form to the trends of modernity, one of the due considerations for the visual system in cubist ceramics.
2. Destroying the iconographic solidity of the form and establishing what looks like a link between the sensual, pivotal, and the axial, aesthetic, essential. This is undoubtedly one of the elements of cubism for the optical system in cubist ceramics.
Among the most important conclusions:
The cubism resulting from the sensory harmonization between the components of a single ceramic work of the same material and the optical category, which is evident from the compatibility of the coloring areas that bear the characteristic of lighting with the light projection areas and vice versa. artificial contacts by the potter

The research includes four chapters, the first chapter of which is concerned with the problem of the research, which is represented by the following question (what are the intellectual and semantic dimensions of the number in the Babylonian diacrisis), its importance, and the need for it, and the chapter also included the goal of the research by (knowing the intellectual and semantic dimensions of the number in the Babylonian diacrisis), The limits of the research were limited to the study of the intellectual and semantic dimensions of the number in the works that were produced in ancient Iraq based on the sources, references, and museum photographers and their sites and for the period (2004-1595 BC), the beginning and end of the ancient Babylonian era.
The researcher concluded the first chapter by defining the terms mentioned in the research title.
As for the second chapter, it included the theoretical framework and consisted of three sections. The first topic dealt with: intellectual dimensions in the Babylonian era. Theoretical framework.
As for the third chapter: it included a description of the research procedures, which includes the framework of the research community of (44) models for the various types of Babylonian arts, and a sample of (5) models that were chosen by the random proportional stratified method according to the percentage of their representation from the community, as well as the descriptive research methodology by the method of content analysis and the research tool. After obtaining the validity and stability through the appropriate statistical and mathematical means. As for the fourth chapter, it included the results of the research, conclusions, recommendations and proposals. Among the most important findings:
1- The number (7) assumed a prominent place and sacredness in Mesopotamian thought in general and the Babylonian era in particular, to confirm the political and religious dimension, as a result of the interaction of many factors, including those related to the divine and heavenly world of their thinking, and some of them related to their life on earth, which was expressing About the work of the gods and their duties and expressed them in a realistic way laden with symbols and numerical indications that have religious meanings and signs related to the gods and the effect of this number and its magic in bringing good and blessing as an expression of completeness and perfection and its effectiveness in the daily life of the Babylonian people.
2- The religious dimension is embodied through the shape of (the crescent), its numerical symbol (30) to denote the moon god (Nanar), expressing the days of the month from its appearance until the new moon, in addition to the numerical symbol (15), which is (the eight flower) and the secret symbol of the deity (Ishtar) indicates the full moon and its arrival to the full moon phase on the fifteenth day of every month.
The conclusions include:
1- The Babylonian artist was able to embody the intellectual, religious, political, social, economic and aesthetic dimensions to express the indications of the numbers that appeared in most of his artistic productions and works.
2- The Babylonian artist used the numerical symbols of the gods, such as (the sun, the crescent, half of the ring, and the eight flower) as an indication of the artist's reverence for the mythical symbols of the gods.
In addition to recommendations and proposals, the research concludes with sources and references in Arabic and English, and the most important appendices.
Keywords: number, Babylonian formation

The aim of this research is to identify (the attitudes of teachers of fine arts institutes towards sustainable development), and the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and prepared a questionnaire that was distributed to male and female teachers who are specialists in fine arts and workers in fine arts institutes for boys and girls in Diyala Governorate, and their number was (43) three Forty male and female teachers, and the researcher relied on virtual honesty for the research tool, and after analyzing the results, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are:
1- The importance of mastering the information of the study material by the teacher before implementing the lesson.
2- The necessity of scientific planning for each of the paragraphs of the lesson before implementation.
3- The importance of evaluation after each lesson to overcome the obstacles that accompany the educational process.
4- The importance of evaluation after each lesson to overcome the information that accompanies the educational process.
5- The necessity of urging students to participate in teamwork and strive to achieve the goals of sustainable development.
Then I concluded the research with conclusions, recommendations and a list of references
key words : trends- Sustainable Development.

The current research dealt with the production of contemporary ceramic models inspired by the shape of women in ancient civilizations (Iraq - Egypt). The research contained four chapters: The first chapter included a presentation of the research problem as well as the importance of the research and the need for it. The aim of the study lies in: Re-designing and implementing the form of women in the arts of Iraqi and Egyptian civilizations in a contemporary style and vision. The limits of the research included:
1. The objective limit: the implementation of contemporary ceramic works that imitate the form of women
2. Time limit
The form of women (2000-2021)
Implemented models (2021_ 2022)
3. Spatial limit: (Iraq – Babylon)
The second chapter of the research included several topics that served as the theoretical framework and the most important indicators that resulted from the previous studies. The theoretical framework included two sections: the first topic included: the form of women in the ancient civilization of Iraq, while the second topic: formation and glazing techniques in contemporary ceramics.
As for the third chapter, it contained the research procedures, where the current research community included a number of ceramic models inspired by the shape of women in the ancient civilization (Iraq - Egypt), and the number is (100). , and there are (11) ceramic models.
The researcher relied on the (experimental and descriptiv approach) for its compatibility and specificity of the current research, based on indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework as a tool for analyzing the research sample.
As for the fourth chapter, it included the results, conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.
The most important results that the researcher reached are:
1. The researcher formulated the figure of Ishtar through cumulative images of the cultural heritage between the exaggeration of the imaginary and mythical symbolization and the exaggeration of the modern semantic disclosure to formulate the presence of Ishtar by interrogating the clay material to show it in the most beautiful pottery composition.
At the end of the research, the research was committed to providing a list of sources and references, as well as appendices and a summary of the research in English.
Keywords: (the figure of women, ancient civilizations, ceramic formations)

Repetition is a general phenomenon in the universe, and we see it in the organization of existence, nature, and the human body. Repetition is achieved in many fields due to its importance, and it has multiple forms and patterns in literature, as it is considered one of the important stylistic phenomena that consist in two axes, the axis of pronunciation and the axis of meaning, and the function of art is of great importance in terms of its role in The organizational process mainly as organizing the image, the pronunciation and the meaning to refer it to an integrated form in terms of beauty and content, and for the necessities of the research, the researcher formulated the problem with the following question: - (What are the methods of repetition in modern theatrical experiences - the Iraqi theater as a model), but in terms of the importance and need for research, it is attributed to the statement of methods Repetition in modern theatre. As well as a study of repetition in the performances of the Iraqi theater. The most important is the benefit of researchers and workers in theater affairs, as well as institutes and colleges of fine arts, and this is achieved through the aim of the research, which is to know the methods of repetition in directorial experiences in modern theater through the analysis of selected Iraqi theatrical performances. Basra - Kirkuk), and one of the most important findings of the researcher is that the structure of repetition is one of the most heavily employed structures to produce significance, which is close to being a distinctive feature associated with the director. As for the most important conclusions, repetition can be embodied in the theater, starting from the simplest vocabulary of the theatrical performance up to the repetition of an idea The public show, passing through the repetition of dialogue, performing movements, and maneuvering with lighting and music. As for the most important recommendations, focusing on the methods of repetition in theatrical experiments, because of the meanings and indications they carry in their field. The researcher proposes to study the difference and repetition in the performances of the Iraqi street theater.
Keywords: (repetition, directing, criticism, Iraqi theater, modernity).

The research dealt with (the aesthetics of cuneiform writing in contemporary Iraqi ceramics) . The research included four chapters. The first chapter is the methodological framework for the research represented by the research problem, which found that the concept of beauty has taken its extent in the embodiment of its categories in thought, art and philosophy within the limits of modernist assumptions ... The disclosure of the aesthetics of pictorial writing and cuneiform writing, especially in contemporary Iraqi ceramics, has become Cuneiform through the artist and what it contains of knowledge, cultural, aesthetic and linguistic accumulations.
Keywords:- Aesthetics , aesthetic , cuneiform writing

research is concerned with the study of (Representations of Taoist Philosophy in Contemporary Chinese Painting) through the study and analysis of Taoist philosophy, its various cognitive connotations and its impact on the plastic contexts of Chinese civilization.
The current research included four chapters, the first of which (the methodological framework) contained the research problem, which revolved around the following question: What are the representations of Taoist philosophy in contemporary Chinese painting? Hence, the importance of the research was determined in that it contributes to supplying artistic academic studies with scientific content related to the study of Taoist philosophy and its relationship to contemporary Chinese plastic art as an epistemological and aesthetic increase. The artistic productions (paintings) of the Chinese artist, which were implemented inside and outside China between the years (1990, 2022), and then the most important terms that were mentioned in the context of the research were defined. As for the second chapter (theoretical framework and previous studies), it came in two sections, The first of which dealt with the history of Taoist philosophy, while the second section dealt with the artistic and aesthetic experience in Chinese art. The third chapter of this study included (research procedures) represented by the research community and its sample amounting to (4) models, the research tool, and the analysis of its samples. The research ends with the fourth chapter, which It deals with the results of the research, its conclusions, recommendations and proposals. Among the most prominent findings of the current research are:
1-Taoism called for simplicity and loftiness, unification of beauty, artistic creativity, free understanding of the mind, and a deep understanding of life.
2-Artistic creativity, according to Taoist philosophy, must unify the material and spiritual worlds, in parallel with the idea of transcending reality through spiritual meditation, by basing it, i.e. Taoist philosophy, on the idea of escaping from the restrictions of laws and rules and dismantling symbols and systems based on the desire to return to the continuity of the universe and nature. .
The research resulted in several conclusions, the most important of which are:
1- The Chinese philosophy of Taoism was represented in the art of contemporary Chinese painting in an intense manner emanating from the power of imagination and philosophical meditation, which each revolves around nature, reality and the human position in the universe. Therefore, these activities are considered a kind of mental training that produces different meanings and connotations.

Keywords: Taoism, representations, Chinese painting

The research is studying the effects of morphology on the iron sculptures, researching the direct and indirect effects of the material morphology on the final artwork from different sides
This research consisted of four chapters, the first one discussed the work frame, including the research problem, aims, and limits, the aim is defined as the following:
- Discovering the material morphology in iron sculptures.
The second chapter is discussing the theoretical frame where it consisted of two topics: the first topic: Morphology the concept: discussed the morphology as a term and it’s development. While the second topic : the morphology of iron sculpture: discussed the direct effects of morphology on sculpting using iron as a material.
The third chapter discussed the practice side of the research where three samples out of 12 artworks were analyzed. While the fourth chapter was dedicated to the results and conclusions.