magazine of college Administration&Economics for economic & administration & financial studies

The multiplicity of understanding of economic freedom, caused by the multiplicity of ideological economic backgrounds, has reflected on the perception of different intellectual economic schools to the market mechanism and the role of the state in the economy. The role of the state in the economy has been a subject of ongoing debate to determine the optimal state's role in achieving efficient and practical solutions to the economic problem. This research aims to show the impact of having different perceptions of the role of the state on the level of achievements in the economic efficiency, along with presenting the nature of the relationship between the economic freedom and the economic efficiency. The research relies on assumption that the economic freedom is determined by the evolution of the objective requirements of the community which, in turn, provide the basis for determining the state's role in the economy.

The research seeks to recognize the reality of the management and treatment of solid waste in the holy city of Karbala and what are the ways used for processing & How level do these ways apply?
the research problem Could be restricted through the following question:
-1Are the application of methods of solid waste treatment used in the holy city of Karbala?
Research included a set of proposals that can be relied upon to improve the environmental situation in Karbala city through the application of solid waste management and its processing.

Oil is a strategic commodity for producing and exporting countries in general, and Iraq in particular, as demonstrated international experience that oil is an important means to achieve economic growth, an important tool in the overall economic, social and political development, it is also an important source of hard currency for any national economy and a means to connect the local economy and the global economy The balance of payments support and actively participate in the support and other productive sectors of the economy, particularly Iraq's third largest oil reserves possessed in the world after Saudi Arabia and America, can reliably to implement economic development programs and achieve financial surpluses can raise national income size, and thus raise the standard of living of the population, have The research focused on the reality of the global oil industry, and to address the reality of the oil industry in Iraq and the challenges they faced, the researcher concluded that oil will keep at least in the short term one means energy task in meeting the global consumption in the future, but Iraq shall be deemed to countries that have the future promising in the industry as it is taken in the modern technological methods of production, research and exploration. And use the financial returns in the development of other economic sectors, and diversify sources of income to avoid economic.

This research aims to study the influential relationship of personal values in th organizational identification, research have been conducting on the staff of the Faculty of Administration and Economics / University of Babylon whom were randomly formed 50% of the staff, (40) questionnaire designed by the researcher were distributed. After analyzing the results, we found that there was variation in the percentage of the values effect on the individual identification level with his organization as a result of difference views on any values which has stronger effect from the other on his loyalty with affiliation, as well as varying proportions carried by individuals from each other, and the highest effect percentage on the various identification dimensions was belong to the religious values, aesthetic and political with social respectively, depending on the effect which they have on the corresponding dimension. And the most important recommendation we have reached that there is a necessity for the organizations general goals to include some administrative values that achieve compatibility between personal values and the work values for various staff, examples of this assessment needs and self-realization with stimulus which its absence or ignored may cause opposition of individuals to the other organizational values.

The aim of this research is to specify the realization of working organizations for Green marketing concept and strategic of clean production. Karbala factory for producing cement is the focus area of the research, and the ability for applying the concepts of green marketing and clean products. The methodology has focused on these statistical terms (mean, rate of responses strength, and standard deviation). The finding of this research is there is a strong and positive relation between research variables)

This study aims to release the views of workers in the economic units to: 1. the impact of environmental laws and regulations on the level of efficiency and effectiveness of environmental accounting information. 2. The role of regulators in reducing the dangers of environmental pollution for workers and the community and the environment 3. Statement of the impact of the disclosure of information in the effectiveness of environmental accounting. 4. - the company's role in reducing the risk from pollution 5. the extent of the impact of accounting standards that can be guided by them accountable In order to achieve the objectives of the study were organized questionnaire form included 16 questions distributed to the research sample of 100's and have recovered 90 of them underwent a questionnaire for analysis to identify 88 The research sample included, four economic units within the province of Najaf They are General Company for Leather Industries, the General Company for sewing, airport Najaf and the General Company for Cement .ccant as a result of the questionnaire on the impact of the above factors on the application of positive environmental accounting As recommended by the study, the use of additional lists attached financial statements are the most appropriate to display environmental information Calendar commitment to acceptable environmental standards and the adoption of measures to root treatment to reduce pollutants Portal accounting system prepared to suit the development of modern developments Development of laws and regulations protecting the environment with the necessary economic units to disclose information and data related to pollution caused by its activities