Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

1

The Effect of Electromagnetic Current in the Plantlet in vitro in Cucumis sativus L.

A. J. AL. Saadi, A.j. AL.Jibouri, S. M. AL.Bassam

Pages: 1-12 English

Abstract

Seeds of three American species of cucumber:-Lot number (EM285) signed as number 1,
To CAEEN F1 signed as number 2 ,and Hybird Super Green F1 signed as number 3, were
exposed to two kinds of physical effects .They were given :- 4 frequencies of the electric
current (0,1,2and 2.5) Am for five minutes using electro- magnetic generator .Then the three
species exposed to Ultra-Violet (UV)wave for four periods (0,30,60 and 90)sec. respectively
at 254 nm using Hood light .After exposure time the seeds were planted in sterlized
media(MS) with Benzyladenine (BA)and left in the incubator for2-3 weeks .Then ,plantlets of
the three species were taken to study the root system ,shoot system ,dry and wet weight for
them .
The results showed that species 3 which was exposed to 2.5 Am for electric exposure and
90 sec. of UV had a significant increase compared with species 1 and 2.

Keywords

Electromagnetics and tissue culture in cucumber.

2

In Vitro Propagation of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

Kh. R. Al-Joboury

Pages: 13-19 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A protocol has been developed for micropropagation of Arachis hypogea L. under in
vitro conditions. Nodal explants gave rise to multiple shoots when cultured on MS medium
supplemented with different concentrations of BA (benzyladenine) with Kin (Kinetin) or GA3
(gibberellic acid). The highest response of shoot multiplication was obtained in MS
containing 1.5 mg.lÂ¯Â¹ BA and 0.5 mg.LÂ¯Â¹ Kin. The regenerated shootlets were rooted on MS
(Murashige and Skoog) basal medium with different concentrations of IBA (indolbutyric
acid) and IAA (indol acetic acid). The highest response of rooting was achieved with IBA at
0.05 + IAA at 0.05 mg.LÂ¯Â¹. The maximum frequency of rooting and highest number of roots
were produced on medium containing IBA 0.05 mg.LÂ¯Â¹ and IAA 0.05 mg.LÂ¯Â¹. The plantlets,
thus successfully established in soil.

Keywords

Arachis hypogea in vitro plant regeneration. Tissue culture

3

Effect of GA3, Thiamine in Some Yield Component and Active Substance on Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

W. A. Al- Kaisy, A. H. R. Al-shweely

Pages: 20-28 English

Issues

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at field of garden of Department of Biology, Collage
of Education (Ibn-Al-Haitham) University of Baghdad during winter season of 2009-2010.
The aim of present study is the effect of growth regulator Gibberellins by using two
concentrations (100, 200) ppm and also Thiamine in two concentrations (10, 50) ppm, on the
some yield component characters and active component of volatile oil Cumin (Cuminum
cyminum L.).
The results showed that GA3 in (100) ppm increased the yield component, protein
concentration and increased in Cuminaldehyde, Perillaldehyde and Thyoml concentration.
The results showed that the best concentration was (50) ppm of Thiamine showed an
increasing concentration of (Cuminaldehyde, Terpinene amd Perillaldehyde). The interaction
between (100) ppm Gibberellin and (50) ppm Thiamine gave an increase in most parameter
used in present study.

Keywords

Cumin gibberellin Thiamine

4

Effect Of Sodium Chloride Concentrations On Some Of Growth Parameters To Three Genotype Of BarleyHordium vulgare L.)

A . J .H . ALSaedi, Sh.M. Waseen, Z.A. AL-Mofty, A.K.Abd AL-Hassan

Pages: 29-38 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The experiment was carried out in the green house of, Biology Department of ,College of
Education , Ibn Al-Haitham , Baghdad University. For growth season 2008-2009 via planting
seeds of three genotypes of barley cultivars Baraka , Becson and Baraka x Forest ,to study the
effect of different concentrations of NaCl (o , 50 ,100 , 150 , 200 ) mM.L on some
growth parameters such as fresh and dry weight of shoot and elements plants the experiment
carried out by using completely randomized design applied with four replicates . Data were
statistically analyzed by using least significant differenceat0.05probabilitylevel.
The results showed that an increase in NaCl salt concentrations from 0 to 200mM.L
-1
leads to significant decrease in the some of parameters values with significant increase in
sodium and chloride concentrations in the shoot .Moreover the results revealed significant
difference among genotypes in their tolerance to high concentrations of NaCl The Barak
genotype exhibited a good tolerance against high concentrations of salt.

Keywords

Concentrations of Sodium Chloride Genotype of barley

5

Estimation of The Components of Phenotypic Variance and Heritability in Barley ( Hordeum Vulgar L. )

E. I. Yaccob

Pages: 39-44 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Four genetic populations ( P1 , P2 , F1 , F2) were used in this study .
The parental cross in barley ( P1 barakq and P2 Pakistan ) was done . Many quantitative
pheno types were estimated such as plants length , tillers number , grains yield , capsules
number , the number of grains per capsule and the weight of 1000 grains . The results showed
significant differences in genetic variance values in the seconed filial generation ( F2) for all
the studied phenotypes : High values for the heritability were observed for all the studied
phenotypes .
These results indicated the effect of additive and non-additive genes on the quantitative
phenotypes . Finally , the selection of first generation can utilized for improving the
quantitative traits . specially the grain yield in plant

Keywords

Genetics â€“ Cereal â€“ Quantitative traits

6

Qualitative and Quantitative Study of the Zooplankton Community in Madinat Al-Alab Lake at Baghdad

M. L. Al-Doori

Pages: 45-61 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Zooplanktons from the artificial lake of Madenat Al-Alaab at Baghdad city have been
studied, during the period from may 2009 to April 2010. In addition to some ecological
factors (Temperature, pH and Turbidity) which were ranged (10.2-28.4)Â°C (7.1-8.4) and (20-50) cm respectively.
The results of the present study revealed that there are 22 species of zooplankton
belonging to Cladocera, Copepoda and Rotifera. Some of the species recorded during all
months of the study period, while other have disappeared during some months. Numbers of
species recorded were varied during different groups .
The dominant species were (Cyclops vernalis, C. hyalinus, C. scutifer, Diaptomus
leptopus, Bosmina longirostris, Keratella valga, Brachionus falcatus, B. calyciflorus)

Keywords

Cladocera Copepoda Crrustaceae Rotifera Zoopplankton

7

Morphological and Histological Study Of The Cerebrum In A Nocturnal Bird Species (Barn Owl)TytoAlba

Sh. A. Abd-Alrahman

Pages: 73-87 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Morphological and histoarchitecture aspects on the cerebrum of (barn owl) were made
to find outthe cerebrum size, design and the description of cerebral region components at the
light microscopic level by using Haematoxylin â€“ Eosin and periodic acid schift (PAS)
stain methods. The result of the morphological aspects revealed that the cerebrum was large
and an obtuse triangle in shape, its surface had a slight furrow. Sagittal sections revealed
the location, arrangement and size of pallial and subpallial cerebral divisions. The result of
the microscopic examinations indicated that the large and massive hyperpallium (wulst) was
thick,hypertrophied wired, and multilaminate structure reflect their wider stereoscopic night
vision. The dorsolateral corticoid area (CDL) contained three different cell groups. The well
developed dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR) contained mesopalliumnidopallium and
arcopallium, contained voluminous nuclear heterogeneous neuron groups and pyramidal
cells. The higher density of the large pyramidal cells were found in the nidopallium (nest
pallium) that is surrounding the crescent shap lateral ventricle. The striatum had a striated
appearance due to its special histoarchitecture. The pallidum was the smallest and the
deepest among cerebral subdivision, it had a pale appearance

Keywords

Cerebrum Nocturnal birds Owl.

8

2-Aminoacetophenone As A Virulent Factor For Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Causing Sever Burn And Wound Infections In Iraq

M.K. Al-Araji, S. Ali.

Pages: 88-97 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Various pathological specimens (180) were collected from patients suffering
from pseudomonas aeruginosa infections from different hospitals in Baghdad from January
to May 2011; these specimens include (Blood samples,sputum,urine and wound swabs) were
tested for pseudomonas aeruginosa producing 2-Aminoacetophenone.Wounds swabs
specially taken from burns and post surgical infections producing a higher concentration of 2-Acetophenone material than from other samples were tested for this material and most of
these were isolated bases on their distinctive grape- like odor of 2-Aminoacetophenone
production usually linked with patients whose immune system compromised by disease or
trauma, its gains access to these patients tissue through burns, although the grape odor is
sometimes difficult to detect in culture media.
These methods can be utilized to assay 2-aminoacetophenone (2AA) production in a
varies media. Its synthesis occurs relatively early in the growth cycle. It has proved easy and
convenient to detect 2-aminoacetophenone (2AA) excretion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa after
24 h of incubation on blood agar plates employing thin layer chromatography of ether extracts
of the agar medium.

Keywords

2-Aminoacetophenone gramnegative Baeteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

9

Study of Genetic Polymorphism in the Mitochondrial DNA of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera:Tephritidae)Using the Method of PCR-RFLP in Three Governorates in the Middle Region of Iraq

M.M. Jawad, H.S. Al-Asady, I.A. Hussein

Pages: 98-103 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Genetic polymorphism in a fragment of NADH (ND4),400bp long from the Mitochondrial DNA
(mtDNA) of Mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) using PCR-RFLP method
with the restriction enzyme EcoRV in samples collected from three governorates in the middle of Iraq.
The purposes of this study is to establish database, discover the introduction source as well as studying
the genetic diversity for this economic pest in Iraq. The results show that there is a genetic
polymorphism of the studied gene fragment among Kut governorate as compaired with the other
studied samples according to digestion results of the restriction enzyme EcoRV.

Keywords

EcorV، Ceratitis capitata، mtDNA ND4

10

Morphological Description Of Inner Ear In Barbus luteus Heckel (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).

I. S. AL-Jumaily

Pages: 104-112 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The morphological description of inner ear in Barbus luteus have been investigated.
The results of the present study revealed that the fish under investigation has a pair of
inner ears which are embedded in two otic capsules of the skull. The inner ear contains two
main structures, the first is the Osseous Labyrinth (OL), and the second is the Membranous
Labyrinth (ML).
Both of (OL) and (ML) consist of three semicircular canal (SCC). These are anterior,
posterior and horizontal semicircular canals (ASCC, PSCC and HSCC).
The (OL) contains three chambers while the (ML) contains saccular structures which
are called otoliths organs represented by utriculus (U), sacculus (S) and lagena (L). Each of
the saccular structures has a solid structure called otolith. The otoliths are represented by
lapillus, sagitta and astericus which are situated in (U), (S) and (L) respectively.

Keywords

fishes Inner ear Otoliths

11

Theoretical Calculation of Reorientation Energy in Metal /Semiconductor Interface

H. J. M. A-Agealy, H. Kh. Mujbi

Pages: 113-118 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A theoretical calculation of the reorientation energy for non adiabatic electron transfer at
interface between metal and semiconductor system was carried out. The continuum outer
sphere theory of electron transfer reaction has been extensively used for electron transfer
between metal/semiconductor interface .It is found that in these calculations the reorientation
energy is proportional to the optical and statistical dielectric constant of semiconductor ,
properties of metal ,and the distance between metal and semiconductor .Results of
reorientation energy show that ZnO semiconductor with metal Au possess a good matching as
compared with ZnS and ZnSe . Theoretical calculation showed a good agreement with
experimental value.

Keywords

and ZnSe semiconductors Gold(Au) metal semiconductor metal/semiconductor reorientation energy theoretical calculation ZnO ZnS

12

The Study of Electric Quadrupole Transition (E2) in 56Ba and 62Sm Nuclei

F.A. Jassim, Z. A. Dakhil, Y.H. Jaber

Pages: 119-126 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Transition strengths â†“
2
. u . w
2) M(E for gamma transition from first excited 21
+
states to the
ground states that produced by pure electric quadrupole emission in even â€“even isotopes of
56Ba and 62Sm have been studied through half- lives time for 21
+
excited states with the
intensities of Î³0- transitions measurements and calculated as a function of neutron number
(N). The results thus obtained have shown that; the nuclides with magic neutron number such
as 56Ba
138
and 62Sm
144
have minimum value for â†“
2
. u . w
2) M(E .

Keywords

electric quadruple transitions strength [M(E2)] 2 .

13

Preparation of Fine Hydroxyapatite (HA) Powder And Its Characterization As Ceramic Biomaterial

S. Abd Aljabbar, S.S. Rahmatallah, A. Al- Sarraf, Z. Shehap, H. I. Dumbous

Pages: 127-132 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Biomimatic basic calcium phosphate ,known as Hydroxy apatite(HA), was
synthesised using calcium acetate and disodium phosphate dilute hot (boiling) solution of
both salts were added slowly to each other. A colloidal suspension formed was aged for few
days, then boiled for one hour to induced setting and coagulation of preapatite, and left to cool
until they reached room temperature.
The precipitate was filtered and washed with distilled water, then ethanol and dried.
The dried sample was calcined at 1100
o
C.The obtained solid lumps were then crushed
reground fine powder and analyzed for calcium to phosphorous ratio. X-ray analysis was
carried out to examine the solid sample. Chemical analysis for phosphorus and calcium had
been carried out using standard method.
The results proved that the calcined sample used in this investigation where Hydroxyapatite .

Keywords

Hydroxy apatite synthesis.camical anaylysis

14

Calculation and Study of Gamma ray Attenuation Coefficients for Different Composites

K.H. Mahdi, Z.S. Ahmed, A.F. Mkhaiber

Pages: 133-141 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this work, the total linear attenuation coefficients Âµ(cm
-1
) were calculated and studied
for particulate reinforced polymer-based composites. Unsaturated polyester (UP) resin was
used as a matrix filled with different concentrations of Al, Fe, and Pb metal powders as
reinforcements. The effect of the metal powders addition at different weight percentages in
the range of (10,20,30,40,50)wt % and gamma energy on attenuation coefficients was studied.
The results show, as the metallic particulates content increase, the attenuation coefficients will
increase too, while it, were exhibited a decrease in their values when the gamma energy
increase.The total linear attenuation coefficients of gamma ray for 15 composites have been
calculated using the XCOM program (version 3.1) in the energy range of 0.1-20 MeV.

Keywords

Composite Materials gamma ray. linear attenuation coefficients

15

Numerical Simulation to Study the Effects of Riemann Problems on the Physical Properties of the Astrophysics Gas Dynamics

L. Y. S. Al-Mashhadani

Pages: 142-149

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this work we run simulation of gas dynamic problems to study the effects of Riemann
problems on the physical properties for this gas.
We studied a normal shock wave travels at a high speed through a medium (shock tube). This
would cause discontinuous change in the characteristics of the medium, such as rapid rise in
velocity, pressure, and density of the flow.
When a shock wave passes through the medium, the total energy is preserved but the energy
which can be extracted as work decreases and entropy increases.
The shock tube is initially divided into a driver and a driven section by a diaphragm. The
shock wave is created by increasing the pressure in the driver section until the diaphragm bursts,
sending normal shock waves down the shock tube into the low pressure driven section and at the
same time sending an expansion wave into the high pressure driver section.

Keywords

Numerical simulation real gas flow Riemann problems

16

Study the Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnS Thin Films

E. M. N. Al-Fawade, I. S. Naji, H. I. Mohammed

Pages: 150-161 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnS films prepared by vacuum
evaporation technique on glass substrate at room temperature and treated at different
annealing temperatures (323, 373, 423)K of thickness (0.5)Âµm have been studied. The
structure of these films is determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The X-ray diffraction
studies show that the structure is polycrystalline with cubic structure, and there are strong
peaks at the direction (111).
The optical properties investigated which include the absorbance and transmittance
spectra, energy band gab, absorption coefficient, and other optical constants. The results
showed that films have direct optical transition. The optical band gab was found to be in the
range to (2.96-3.06)eV with increasing annealing temperatures. The electrical properties of
these films have been studied, it was observed that D.C conductivity at room temperature
decreases with the increase of annealing temperatures, and the mechanism of conductivity
occurs in two ranges of temperature, from Hall measurements the conductivity for all samples
of ZnS films is n-type.

Keywords

Optical Properties Structural properties transparent layer ZnS

17

The Study of Wear Effect on the Unsaturated Resin Reinforced By Rice Husk

S.H. Leabi, D.H. Yons

Pages: 162-168 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study was performed by using the unsaturated polyester resin as matrix to the
composite materials with the rice husk as reinforced materials . The research included study
of wear test on the composite material The results show that the, wear is increased with the
increase of applied load and distance slipping and also with time increase . moreover the
shows that the higher value wear rate( 1.91gm/cm) from the load (20) N and the higher value
wear rate (1.43gm/cm) from the higher distance (4cm) and from the higher time (6min) higher
wear rate (5.33gm/cm).

Keywords

Rice Husk. Unsaturated polyester wear

18

A Study of Reinforcing and Temperature Effect of Impact Strength for Polymer Blend

S.A. Maki, O.H. Ahmed, M.Z. Abdullah, B.A. Gheni

Pages: 169-178 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This research prepared polymer blend contains from epoxy resin (Ep) and polyurethane
)Pu) as a matrix material of percentage (90 %) from epoxy and ) 10 (% polyurethane and
reinforced by PVC fibers and aluminum fibers two dimension knitted mat with fractional
volume(15 %), and study impact strength before and after reinforcing at temperatures of
(20,40,60(
o
CØŒand the results have shown that the reinforcing matrix materials by fibers
increased impact strength values that rise from(3.387kJ/m2) to (151.62kJ/m2) of composite
material (Ep+Pu+PVC(and thus ) Ep+Pu+PVC+Al.F) at last (Ep+Pu+Al.F (. following
composite material so that temperatures increase led to rise impact strength values except the
polymer blend reinforced with PVC fibers that the temperatures increase led to decrease the
values of impact strength from (151.62kJ/m
2
(at (20Â°C) to (114.27kJ/m
2
(at (60Â°C)

Keywords

epoxy resin impact strength Polymer blends

19

Thickness Influence on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Thermal Evaporation

E. y. Abed

Pages: 179-185 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Zinc Oxide transparent thin films (ZnO) with different thickness from (220 to 420)nm
Â±15nm were prepared by thermal evaporation technique onto glass substrates at 200 with
the deposition rate of (10 2) nm sec
-1
, X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the proper phase
formation of the material. The investigation of (XRD) indicates that the (ZnO) film is
polycrystalline type of Hexagonal and the preferred orientation along (002) plane. The Optical
properties of ZnO were determined through the optical transmission method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer with wavelength (300 â€“ 1100) nm. The optical band gap values of
ZnO thin films were slightly increased from (2.9 - 3.1) eV as the film thickness increased.
thin films; structural properties; optical band gap.

Keywords

thin films; structural properties; optical band gap.

20

The Effect of Silica Sio2 on the Dielectric and Physical Properties of Mn â€“Ni Ferrite

A. K. Saadon

Pages: 186-191 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The effect of SiO 2 ) Silica) on the dielectric and physical properties of Mnx-Ni1 -xFe2O4 ØŒØŒ X=0.5 is studies. The samples are prepared by the conventional manufacturing
method. We found that the physical and dielectric properties of Mn-Ni ferrite change
considerably with the substituent samples .the variation of dielectric constant as a function of
frequency of ferrite system decrease with frequency increases and increase with the increase
the concentration of SiO 2 . It was found that the increase of SiO 2 concentration of all our
samples produce an increase in mass density and decrease with porosities

Keywords

Ferrite â€“ Silica â€“ additives Dialectical and physical properties

21

Possibility of Reducing the Thermal Conductivity of Ceramic Refractory Materials

A. W. Watan

Pages: 192-202 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The research work covers a study of the possibility of producing porous ceramic bodies
as a thermal insulators by adding fired Dechla kaolinite (grog)to the same non burned
kaolinite.
Different weight percentage ranged between (0,15,25,35and40)from grog and sawdust
passed through mesh 50 to Deuchla-clay kaolinit.Cylindrical shape samples (30mm diameter
and 30mm height) were prepared by the semi-dry methed,moulding pressure was 50 N/mm
2
.
After drying at 110
o
c,the samples were burnet in the furnace at temperatures
900,950,1000,1050,and 1100
o
c. The sawdust burnt out and leaves air spaces which contribute
to the high thermal insulation value.
The fired samples were investigated to determine bulk density , porosity, compressive
strength and the thermal conductivity .It was found that the increase of grog ratio produces a
decrease in bulk density ,compressive strength and thermal conductivity, but addition of
sawdust to the samples produces decrease greater than when addition the grog

Keywords

Bulk Density compressive strength porosity Thermal conductivity. thermal insulator

22

Elastic Behavior of Lead Germanate Near Transition Temperature

I. J. Abdul Ghani

Pages: 203-212

Full Text Issues

Abstract

All the stiffened and unstiffened elastic constants for lead germanate (Pb5Ge3O11) single
crystal have been measured from room temperature 298 K up to 513K by using ultrasonic
pulse superposition technique. The correction of piezoelectric stiffening has been used to
obtain the unstiffened elastic constants. Elastic moduli of lead germanate (C11, C33, C12, C13,
C44 and C66) decrease with the increase of temperature. C11, C33, C
12 and C13 suffered a dip at
transition temperature but they increase with the increase of temperature just above Curie
temperature between 453 and 473 K because of their positive temperature coefficients in this
range, and then decrease slightly (except C12 increases) in the range between 473K and 513K.
But for the shear elastic moduli (C44 and C66): C44 shows very slight and gradual increase and
then decrease with the increase of temperature, while C66 shows a small and graduate decrease
with increasing temperature. These measurements were compared with previous experimental
published work.

Keywords

elasticity Lead germanate Optical activity Phase transition Piezoelectric crystal

23

Effect of Temperature On The Dispersability Of The Grafted Acrylic Acid Onto Alumina Particles

M. T. Sultan, A. H. Al-Dujiali, H. S. Al-Lami

Pages: 213-219 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The ability of different alumina-grafted particles was examined for adsorption of phenol and p-chlorophenol under different conditions (i.e. concentrations and temperatures). Dispersion stability of alumina in liquid medium (water) was studied using settling under gravity technique. The result shows the settling initial rate of the alumina-grafted acrylic acid particles was faster than initial rate of settling when alumina-graft acrylic acid monomer adsorbed phenol and p-chlorophenol and vice versa to the alumina-graft poly(acrylic acid) polymer.

Thermodynamic parameters values (DG, DS, DH) were calculated for adsorption processes of phenol and p-chlorophenol adsorbed onto different surfaces. The results revealed that positive and negative values were obtained implying that both endothermic and exothermic adsorption reactions may took place.

Keywords

graft Alumina polymers Polymers Adsorption

24

Determination of Serum Zinc, Manganese, Copper and Cobalt Traces In Type Two Diabetic Patients in Sulaimaniyah City Using ICP Technique

A. M. Abdullah, D. M. Salh

Pages: 220-225 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Direct determination of trace metals Zn, Mn, Cu and Co were performed in serum
blood samples of two groups diabetic patient type 2 and non diabetes by ICP spectrometric
method. Results show the low levels of these elements Zn, Mn and Co while high level of Cu
detected compared with non diabetes according to these results good evidence can be made to
control these levels through a special diet containing these metals.

Keywords

Diabetic patients type 2 ICP spectrometer Serum trace metals

25

Development Of Two Different Spectrophotometric Methods For The Determination Of Atropine Drug In Pure Form And Pharmaceutical Preparations

A.Kh. Mahmood

Pages: 226-241 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Two methods have been applied for the spectrophotometric determination of atropine, in
bulk sample and in dosage form. The methods are accurate, simple, rapid, inexpensive and
sensitive. The first method depending on the extraction of the formed ion-pair complex with
bromphenol blue (BPB) as a chromogenic reagent in chloroform, use phthalate buffer of pH
3.0; which showed absorbance maxima at 413 nm against reagent blank. The calibration
graph is linear in the ranges of 0.5-40 Âµg.mL
-1
with detection limit of 0.363Âµg.mL
-1
. The
second method depending on the measure of the absorbance maxima of the formed charge-transfer complex with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) at 457 nm against
reagent blank; with linearity range 2.5-50.0 Âµg.mL
-1
, and detection limit of 2.143 Âµg.mL
-1
.
The results show the absence of interferences from the excipients on the determination of the
drug. The proposed methods have been successfully applied for the determination of atropine
in pharmaceutical preparations.

Keywords

Atropine charge-transfer ion-pair Spectrophotometric

26

Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from 2-Mercapto Quinoline

A. H. Sharba, H. A. Hassan, D. F. Hassan

Pages: 242-252 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

2-Mercapto quinoline was used as precursor for synthesis of new heterocyclic derivatives of
quinoline nucleus such as pyrazole (3), pyrazolone (4), 1,3,4-oxadiazole (5) and 1,2,4-triazole
(8). New Schiff bases (9a-e) were obtained from the reaction of hydrazide derivative (2) with
miscellaneous aldehydes and ketones. All synthesized compounds were characterized by
physical and spectral data.

Keywords

1 2-Mercapto quinoline 3 4-Oxadiazole Pyrazole Schiff bases.

27

Synthesis and Characterization of Some Amides Containing Isoxazoline Ring

Kh. F. Ali, Dh. F Hussein, J. H. Tomma

Pages: 254-263 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This work involves synthesis of amides containing isoxazoline unit starting with
chalcone; 4-[3-(3â€¾-nitrophenyl)-2-propene- 1-one]-aniline[I]. 4-Aminoacetophenone was
reacted with 3-nitrobenzaldehyde in basic medium giving chalcone [I] by claisen-schemidt
reaction. The chalcone [I] was reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride giving isoxazoline
[II] in NaOH basic medium. The amides with structural formula [III]a-h were prepared by the
reaction of amino compounds ; isoxazoline [II] with different acid chlorides in dry pyridine
and using DMF as a solvent at 4
0
C. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized
by melting points , FTIR and
1
HMNR (of compound [III]a) spectroscopy.

Keywords

amides isoxazoline

28

Synthesis, Characterization Of New Schiff Base And Some Metal Complexes Derived From Glyoxylic Acid And O-Phenylenediamine

J. Sh. Sultan

Pages: 264-275 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The new Schiff base, namely (2-Amino-phenylimino)-acetic acid (L) was prepared
from condensation of glyoxylic acid with o-phenylene diamine. The structure (L) was
characterized by, IR,
1
H,
13
C-NMR and CHN analysis. Metal complexes of the ligand (L)
were synthesized and their structures were characterized by Atomic absorption, IR and UV-Visible spectra, molar conductivity, magnetic moment and molar ratio determination (Co
+2
,
Cd
+2
) complexes. All complexes showed octahedral geometries.

Keywords

characterization Glyoxylic acid O-phenylenediamine and metal ions Schiff base synthesis

29

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Compounds Containing of Imidazolidinone and Oxazepine Rings

T. R. Muhsen, J. H. Tomma, A. J. A. Mukhlus

Pages: 276-283 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The compound 3-[4Ì„-(4Ë-methoxy benzoyloxy) benzylideneamino]-2-thioxo-imidazolidine-4-one [III] was prepared from the cyclization of thiosemicarbazone [II] with
ethyl Î± -chloroacetate in the presence of fused sodium acetate. Treatment the later compound
with acetic anhydride yielded the corresponding 1-Acetyl-3-[ 4Ì„- (4Ë- methoxy benzoyloxy)
benzylideneamino] â€“ 2 â€“ thioxo -imidazolidine-4-one [IV]. 1,3-Oxazepine derivatives [V]a-d
and [VI]a-d are obtained from the reaction of compounds[III] and [IV] with different acid
anhydrides, in dry benzene. The FTIR and
1
HNMR spectroscopy are indicated a good
evidence for the formation of the synthesized compounds. Some of the synthesized
compounds have been screened against E.coli , Staph. aureus , Psenudomonsaeruginosa and
Bascillus cereus . They exhibited moderate to weak antibacterial activity unless compound
[V]d did not show any biological activity

Keywords

imidazolidenone oxazepine

30

Synthesis Of New Asymmetrical Pyromellitdiimides Derived From Pyromellitic Dianhydride

E. T. Ali

Pages: 284-293 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This work involves the synthesis and characterization of asymmetrical pyromellitdiimide
derivatives [IV]a-f
by four sequence steps selective reaction . One mole of pyromellitic dianhydride
was reacted with one mole of various primary aromatic amines [ 4-nitro aniline , 4-chloro aniline , 4-toludine and 4-anisidine] in excess of dry acetone to produce six compounds (N-substituted-pyromellitamic monoacid) [I]a-f . These new compounds [I]a-d were converted to the corresponding
N- substituted- pyromellitmonoimide [II]a-d via their heating at (80-90)
0
C in sodium acetate-acetic
anhydride mixture .
The compounds [II]a-f
were allowed to react with one mole of another primary amines in
excess of dry acetone to give new derivatives of amic acid [II]a-d followed by intramolecular
cyclization reaction of these compounds [IV]a-f in sodium acetate-acetic anhydride system to yield the
desired asymmetrical pyromellitdiimide derivatives [IV]a-f
, the above reactions can be summarized in
Scheme 1.
All the synthesized compounds have been studied and charachterized by their melting points
, FTIR , and
1
HNMR spectroscopy (for some of them)

Keywords

pyromellitic dianhydride pyromellitidiimides pyromellitidiisoimides

31

Synthesis and Characterization of Some mixed-Ligand Complexes Containing N-acetyl Tryptophan and (2, 2â€²-bipyridine) with Some Metal Salts

B. M. Sarhan, T.A. Hamdan, B. Z. Naema

Pages: 294-303 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Some metal ions (Mn
+2
, Fe
+2
,Co
+2
,Ni
+2
,Cu
+2
, Cd
+2
and Hg
+2
) complexes of N-acetyl
Tryptophan( AcetrpH) and (2, 2â€²-bipyridine) (2, 2â€²-Bipy)have been synthesized and then
characterized on the basis of their FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, magneticsuscptibity
conductivity measurements and atomic absorption;from the results obtained and the propsed
molecular structure for these complexes as octahedral geometry,the following general formula
has been given for the prepared complexes.
[M
+n
(Acetrp)2(2, 2â€²-Bipy)].
Where M= Mn
+2
, Fe
+2
,Co
+2
,Ni
+2
,Cu
+2
, Cd
+2
,Hg
+2
(Acetrp)
-=Ligand ion(N-acetyl Tryptophan)
(2, 2â€²-Bipy) = 2,2â€²-bipyridine

Keywords

2 2â€²-bipyridine complexes. N-acetyl tryptophan

32

A New Method For Preparation of Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials (PCMs) For Low Coast Energy in Cooling of Building

H.S. mohammed, S.M. Abbas, S.S. Mohammed

Pages: 304-310 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Microencapsulated of paraffin wax which acts as core material of phase change
material covered by polymer was prepared by using rabid (physical-chemical) with lower
energy (green) method. Prepolymer of condensed Melamine-Formaldehyde resin, was
solidified by heat effect gradually and surrounds the Paraffin wax as microcapsules. The
diameter of the prepared capsules was about (170-220) micron which has a proportion with
the prepolymer temperature, otherwise the thermal analysis appears as a best value of
enthalpy (Î”H) which was (12 J/gm) when the prepolymer temperature was (60ËšC)

Keywords

Melamineâ€“formaldehyde resin Microcapsolate Paraffin wax Phase Change Material (PCM)

33

Preparation Of Ferrocene Derivatives Of Niobium IV

A.W.M. Abdulla

Pages: 311-315 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study included the preparation of the dihalogens -1,3 metalla-2[3] ferrocenophanes
like Cp2NbS2Fc,(tBuCp)2NbS2Fc,Cp2NbSe2Fc and (tBuCp)2NbSe2Fe where (Fc=ferrocence)
These complexes has been prepared from the reaction of (R)2 NbCl2 with FCLiM2 ,
where(R=Cp,tBuCp) (M = S,Se) under refluxing in toluene,the reaction was carried under
Argon atmosphere .
These complexes were characterized by elemental microanalysis ,Masse spectra scopy,
nuclear magnetic resonance (
1
HNMR) and melting points .

Keywords

Ferrocene Inert Atmosphere Organometalic complexes Niobium Selenium Sulfur

34

Designing Feed Forward Neural Network for Solving Linear VolterraIntegro-Differential Equations

L. N. M. Tawfiq, G .H. Ibraheem

Pages: 316-324 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The aim of this paper, is to design multilayer Feed Forward Neural Network(FFNN)to find the approximate solution of the second order linear Volterraintegro-differential equations with boundary conditions. The designer utilized to reduce the computation of solution, computationally attractive, and the applications are demonstrated through illustrative examples.

Keywords

Back Propagation training algorithm . Boundary value problems feed forward neural network VolterraIntegro-differential

35

Approximate Solution for Two Machine Flow Shop Scheduling Problem to Minimize the Total Earliness

H. F. Abdullah

Pages: 325-332 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This paper proposes a new algorithm (F2SE) and algorithm (Alg(n â€“ 1)) for solving the
two-machine flow shop problem with the objective of minimizing total earliness. This
complexity result leads us to use an enumeration solution approach for the algorithm (F2SE)
and (DM) is more effective than algorithm Alg( n â€“ 1) to obtain approximate solution.

Keywords

Approximate solution Flow-shops scheduling minize the total earliness scheduling problem. two machine flow-shop

36

Degree of Monotone Approximation in , p LÎ± Spaces

I. Z. Shamkhi, S. K. Jassim

Pages: 333-340 English

Full Text Issues

37

The Reduction of Resolution of Weyl Module from Characteristic-Free Resolution in Case (4,4,3)

H. R. Hassan

Pages: 341-355 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper we study the relation between the resolution of Weyl Module F K ) 3 , 4 , 4 (
in
characteristic-free mode and in the Lascoux mode (characteristic zero), more precisely we
obtain the Lascoux resolution of F K ) 3 , 4 , 4 (
in characteristic zero as an application of the
resolution of F K ) 3 , 4 , 4 (
in characteristic-free.
Key word : Resolution, Weyl module, Lascoux mode, divided power, characteristic-free.

Keywords

characteristic-free. divided power Lascoux mode resolution Weylmodule

38

Minimizing total Completion Time and Maximum late Work Simultaneously

T. S. Abdul-Razaq, F. Sh. Fandi

Pages: 356-366 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of scheduling jobs on one machine for a variety multicriteria
are considered to minimize total completion time and maximum late work. A set of n
independent jobs has to be scheduled on a single machine that is continuously available from
time zero onwards and that can handle no more than one job at a time. Job i,(i=1,â€¦,n)
requires processing during a given positive uninterrupted time pi, and its due date d
i.
For the bicriteria problems, some algorithms are proposed to find efficient (Pareto)
solutions for simultaneous case. Also for the multicriteria problem we proposed general
algorithms which gives efficient solutions within the efficient range

Keywords

bicriteria. multicriteria schedule single machine

39

Discuss of Error Analysis of Gauss-Jordan Elimination For Linear Algebraic Systems

S.Ab. M. Abbas

Pages: 367-376 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The paper establishes explicit representations of the errors and residuals of approximate
solutions of triangular linear systems by Jordan elimination and of general linear algebraic
systems by Gauss-Jordan elimination as functions of the data perturbations and the rounding
errors in arithmetic floating-point operations. From these representations strict optimal
componentwise error and residual bounds are derived. Further, stability estimates for the
solutions are discussed. The error bounds for the solutions of triangular linear systems are
compared to the optimal error bounds for the solutions by back substitution and by Gaussian
elimination with back substitution, respectively. The results confirm in a very detailed form
that the errors of the solutions by Jordan elimination and by Gauss-Jordan elimination cannot
be essentially greater than the possible maximal errors of the solutions by back substitution
and by Gaussian elimination, respectively. Finally, the theoretical results are illustrated by
two numerical examples.

Keywords

data perturbations error bounds Gaussian elimination. Jordan elimination

40

Linear Prediction of Sum of Two Poisson Process

S. H. Raheem

Pages: 386-392 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Our goal from this work is to find the linear prediction of the sum of two Poisson process
) ( ) ( ) ( t Y t X t Z + = at the future time 0 ), ( â‰¥ + Ï„ Ï„ t Z and that is when we know the values of
) (t Z in the past time and the correlation function ) (Ï„ Î²z

Keywords

linear Prediction Poisson process sum of two Poisson process.

41

Strongly (Comletely) Hollow Submodules I

I. M. A. Hadi, Gh. A. Humod

Pages: 393-403 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Let R be a commutative ring with unity and let M be an R-module. In this paper we
study strongly (completely) hollow submodules and quasi-hollow submodules. We investigate
the basic properties of these submodules and the relationships between them. Also we study
the be behavior of these submodules under certain class of modules such as compultiplication,
distributive, multiplication and scalar modules. In part II we shall continue the study of these
submodules.

Keywords

distributive modules multiplication (comultiplication) modules scalar modules. Strongly (completely)-hollow submodules

42

Design Feed Forward Neural Network to Determine Doses of the Decongestant for Cold Pills

L. N. M. Tawfiq, Y. R. B. Al-Mayouf

Pages: 404-415 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to design feed forward neural network to determine the effects of
cold pills and cascades from simulation the problem to system of first order initial value
problem. This problem is typical of the many models of the passage of medication throughout
the body. Designer model is an important part of the process by which dosage levels are set.
A critical factor is the need to keep the levels of medication high enough to be effective, but
not so high that they are dangerous.

Keywords

ANN feed forward neural network propagation training algorithm

Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

Articles in This Issue

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract