Journal of sustainable studies

The problem of random units is one of the most important problems that the city of Al-Zubayr suffers from, due to its acquisition of large areas of the city’s land, in addition to the environmental, economic and social problems that it poses. The reality of random housing in the city of Zubair for the year (2021), and it was in four sections, the research aims to study the spatial analysis of random housing in the city of Al-Zubair by studying the population distribution and characteristics. The study concluded that there are (141323) people who live randomly within the basic design of the city with ( 20171) A housing unit, within (10) neighborhoods of (24) residential neighborhoods of the city of Al-Zubayr, distributed irregularly and occupying most of the vacant spaces in the city, and one of the most important effects of this phenomenon is its formation of great pressure on all service life facilities in the city, distorted The urban appearance of the city, and the study concluded with a set of treatments capable of successful treatment if applied by the decision-maker. All steps of the study proceeded according to the descriptive analytical method, as well as tabular, graphic and cartographic representation.

Islam is above the status of women and their generosity is extremely honorable. It has given her the greatest rights, raised her status, and made her an enhanced and honored human being. Before the advent of Islam, women were not confused and did not have any of their legitimate rights. They were suffering from the most severe forms of oppression, oppression, and robbery of rights, until Islam came and made a great revolution against all those ideas and beliefs that were persecuting women, so it restored to her her stolen rights, and higher Hence my research title (Honoring Islamic Sharia for Women).
The reason I chose this topic was for several reasons, including:
1.To show the condition of women in previous eras and religions.
2.Highlighting aspects of honoring women in Islamic law.

Kinship is the web of social relationships that form an important part of the lives of all humans in all societies. It represents the social structure of the family, which is the nucleus of society and the basis of kinship relations. The kinship system plays an effective and essential role in primitive and other societies that give great value to this system. Its great position in society made sociologists in general and anthropologists in particular, turn their interests toward the study of kinship in modern industrial and non-industrial societies and develop a general theory of kinship. One of the first of these attempts was by the French anthropologist (Claude Lévi-Strauss). Other scholars were also interested in studying the kinship system, including the American anthropologist and social theorist (Lewis Henry Morgan), as well as the ethnologist (John Ferguson McLennan). One of the well-known theories of kinship is mutterrecht or ‘Mother Right’ by the Swiss jurist, philologist, anthropologist (Johann Jakob Bachofen), in which he argued that one early social formation was a family which traced descent through the mother. Bachofen believed that human society was ruled by women before being superseded by patriarchy (a system of society in which the father is head of the family and descent is reckoned through the male line).The study tackled the variables that occurred in families through the change in family composition and type from the extended family to the nuclear family, as well as the change in the forms of marriage and the reasons for the weakening of kin ties of families and other factors that affected the kinship system in contemporary Iraqi society.

The current offer of quality and what is required of private schools International Standard Quality Specifications (ISO 9001: 2015) A description of the following axes (understanding the school, leadership, support, operation, performance evaluation, improvement). The problem of the research by asking the following question, the extent to which good private schools apply the international standard (ISO 9001: 2015)), and to achieve the goal of the research by examining the researcher the descriptive analytical approach, as well as the researcher building a checklist (check it) on the research axes. The research reached the following introduction:
- Weak awareness of the educational staff in private schools of the importance of implementing quality systems, including the international quality standard (ISO 9001).
2- It is clear from the analysis of the school context that there is a clear identification of the internal and external processes by the private schools, due to its relationship to the objectives and strategic directions, and the schools’ failure to adopt the requirements of (ISO 9001), as well as a weakness in identifying the non-viable requirements, as well as maintaining the continuity and development of the system
Based on the research findings, the researcher made the following recommendations:
1- Private schools adopt the standards of the international quality standard (ISO 90010) in the different stages of education.
2- Adopting the standards, applications and instructions of the international qualitystandard as an alternative method for the supervision and follow-up process.
3- Urging the educational staff in private schools to obtain the International Quality Standard Certificate (ISO 90010).
4- Creating a quality unit within the organizational structure of private schools.

The research aims to know the applications of the theory of multiple intelligences in the educational and technical educational reality and its role in the economics of education. For this purpose, the researcher prepared a questionnaire consisting of (52) paragraphs and confirmed its sincerity and stability and then applied it to the research sample consists of (100) teachers from schools of outstanding students, then she analyzed the paragraphs using (SPSS) statistics and then analyzed; The higher (27%) and the lower (27%) and the results concluded that the educational system in Iraq does not adopt the theory of multiple intelligences that requires the distribution of learners according to their intelligence and abilities based on the theory of five mental faculties that the budget allocated to the education sector in Iraq is a low percentage of the general budget of the country and the theory of multiple intelligences motivates learners to research and innovation, and through the results of the research the researcher concluded some conclusions and recommended some recommendations.

The research presents an approach between the textual dimensions of the modernists, especially the criterion of harmony and the science of appropriateness, which was created by Muslim scholars of interpretation, taking from the interpretation of the balance as an application ground for this approach. The temporal and spatial in its revelation, because some of them were revealed according to the circumstances of the edge of the Messenger and the Muslims, whether it was at the beginning of the call or after it became the supreme word for Muslims in Medina, and the research was in response to what some researchers have elaborated in the denial of the Qur’an all the manifestations of the unified textuality.

The research deals with the phenomenon of cunning as one of the instincts that enter into the context of the personality and run according to the social and economic motives as well as the political ones. She covers it. This study included an introduction to the research in which the research presented the research problem, its importance and its objective. Then the theoretical framework, which dealt with a theoretical foundation for the research, included two topics: the concept of deception and the second: deception in the global theatrical text.

After 2003, Iraq witnessed a democratic openness, and then it developed to lay the foundations for the new political process, which was represented by the establishment of a permanent constitution, which emphasized freedom of opinion and expression, as well as that the means of expressing opinion became multiple, represented by a multi-party system, after a long experience of the one-party system. As parties, political groups, and affiliated organizations appeared with different names and different orientations, most of them centered on sectarian, sectarian and national foundations, in addition to the political parties’ lack of real political programs and their implantation of political sectarianism and quotas that led to the weakness of the concept of citizenship in favor of other subsidiary loyalties. But the parties’ possession of power and the widest of it, therefore, made them realize the importance of public opinion and seek to win or control it, direct it and even manufacture it, in some cases, adding to this the emergence and multiplicity of organizations, union gatherings, civil society organizations and others, which worked to formulate public opinion or influence it through specific issues. As well as what I witnessed from the launch of a group of satellite channels, as well as the spread of social media.

The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of the five yaat strategy in taming the skill of metalworking, and the problem of searching for the following question crystallized: is there a role for the five yaat strategy in developing the skill of metalworking among students of the College of Basic Education, the research sample included 60 students, as for the conclusions reached Research - a strategy that contributes to increasing the motivation towards learning, because it provides an interactive atmosphere that breaks the deadlock Positively reflected in the results of the current research, the five yaat strategy contributed to improving the motor performance and the technical performance of the skills of forming metal works. Recommendations were made for the necessity of emphasizing teachers to use the five yaat strategy because it is one of the modern teaching strategies in the acquisition in general, and the formation of metalwork in particular .

Unbalanced growth is a natural path of economic development. The situations that countries experience at any point in time reflect their past investment decisions and development. ... Once such an investment is made, a new flaw is likely to emerge, requiring more compensatory investments. Therefore, the theory of unbalanced growth is one of the important and applied theories that can be used and researched for the possibility of achieving economic development in Iraq, and the basis of this theory is due to the brilliant economist.

For one of the greatest blessings of God Almighty - upon this nation is the correct understanding of Islam in the light of the authentic, established ones, the Noble Qur’an - and the purified Sunnah; He was one of the eminent scholars who served the Islamic library and supplemented it with their glorious writings. Among the eminent scholars was Imam Ibn al-Hajib, may God have mercy on him - his works were useful and inclusive of all sciences. Sunnis are Ash’aris in their belief in matters of faith, and he was following his Maliki school of jurisprudence, so the title was as follows (The theological opinions of Ibn al-Hajib (d. 646 AH) a doctrinal study of some audio issues as a model). Sheikh Saeed Fouda, and he called it (Explanation of the Creed of Imam Abu Amr Ibn Al-Hajeb Al-Maliki (d. 646 AH) may God have mercy on him) and dealt with it part of the issues of the unseen that he built his belief in on these important issues. The research was divided into an introduction and two chapters, and a conclusion in which the results extracted from the research were recorded.

The research dealt with the study of the climatic conditions of Anbar Governorate and their suitability for the breeding, production and distribution of honey bees. It became clear to us from this study that the factor of agricultural area and proximity to the city center and the capital Baghdad has a role in doubling the numbers, as the number of cells in the province reached (29426) cells and production (205802) kg.Ramadi district ranked first, and Anah district ranked last.The climatic conditions are generally suitable for the breeding and production of honey bees, but they have an impact in some months in terms of high and low temperatures during the summer and winter, which is reflected in the doubling of the effort of the bee, reducing its life and weak activity and production of honey.The statistical relationship had the greatest role in demonstrating the strength of the relationship between the amount of production and the climatic elements, through which it was shown that the temperature element (normal, minimum, and maximum) and dust storms)It had a negative correlation strength, the maximum temperature occupied the highest correlation values, while the rest of the elements had a positive correlation strength, but with a correlation not exceeding double.Some precautionary measures were mentioned that reduce the harm of climatic elements on beekeeping and production .

In its beginnings, this research dealt with the course of the US-Libyan relations after the Al-Fateh revolution of September 1969 and Colonel Muammar Gaddafi took over power in Libya, then discussed the Lockerbie incident, which marked the beginning of a more deteriorating phase in the relations between the two countries, and led to the adoption of US President Ronald Reagan The decision to hit important sites in Libya. Then the administration of US President George W. Bush imposed an economic, military and diplomatic blockade on the matter, which had negative effects on the Libyan people. American interests were harmed by the revolutionary policy pursued by the Al-Fateh revolution, which created a state of enmity between the two countries, exacerbated by the Lockerbieincident.

One of the most important features of languages is the constant change and evolution through generations. Among the indicators of this semantic change, which has several forms: semantic change, semantic customization and semantic expansion. The last one expresses a steady phenomenon in most languages and refers to the addition of new meanings to words, vocabulary and phrases so that their connotations expand and increase more than before. In the current research, the author monitors this phenomenon - especially in the Arabic language - and investigates its nature between the ancient and contemporary linguistic knowledge. Therefore, the research attempts to identify the concept of semantics in the Arabic language lesson, and the nature of semantic expansion and relative modern theories, including the theory of semantic fields.

Traditional poetry among Kuwaiti poets did not clearly address kuwait's political events, on the contrary, it addressed the events that have taken place in the Arab world in all its countries. We have not found a precise description of the events that confronted Kuwait as an Arab emirate and the political changes that have occupied the Kuwaiti themselves over a long period of its recent history.

The expansion and development of sciences is usually accompanied by a re-evaluation of the old research methods and the preparation of new ones that require their development. During the process of radical development, natural and human hardship, as the theoretical and methodological foundations of this science expand and fundamentally deepen, the complexity of geographical studies and their applied nature as an effective judge of science curricula on a subject, and a qualitatively enriching the knowledge and methodological stock with new methods and approaches.
At the beginning of this century, an integrated system with traditional and applied approaches to dealings began to form. And an effective entry to geography in all its branches in modern times.

Scientists in all the arts of knowledge used to write poems that collect the rules and questions of science for students of science in an accurate and concise manner, for the purpose of facilitating those sciences, and facilitating the methods of their acquisition. The scholars of Arabic in this field had a great interest in this field, so he composed - for example - Al-Hariri (Milha Al-Arab), and Ibn Malik composed the summary, and others.
Among those writers of such poems is the judge (Muhammad ibn al-Sahnah al-Halabi) 815H, as he wrote a poem in one hundred verses in which he summarized the text of the sufficient, and included with it questions from the healing, and from the model of Zamakhshari, so he came into useful and useful systems, and that is why I saw its investigation and publication as a generalization of the benefit, and the performance of some of the rights of our previous scholars. We have to spread their knowledge, and highlight their exploits, and God is the guardian of success.

The current research included a study of the aesthetics of embodying the theatrical role and the extent of the influence of theatrical power, including the time, which was produced through the embodiment of civilized roles, which appeared in various artistic methods in terms of forms or products for theatrical performances in terms of form and content due to the aesthetics of embodying the theatrical role of the researcher. Or the artist of structural systems and intellectual loads.
Which prompted the researcher to reveal the portrayal or opinions of theatrical roles extending their performance, which carried these roles to aesthetic in the theatrical performance and on this basis the research consisted of three chapters. The theatrical role about the performance of the actor remains minor if it is completed by the director’s vision in cases of embodiment and transformation.
While the second chapter included the theoretical framework and previous studies, as the theoretical framework included in two sections the concept of theatrical role globally and the second section the director’s vision in analyzing the role and its representations in the performance of the theatrical actor. The second chapter ended with the most important influences that resulted from the theoretical framework.
As for the third chapter, it was concerned with the research procedures, the research sample, the research method, the research tool, and the intentional analysis of the research sample.

Current search tries to identify the effect of strategy,Rotating circuit in the collection of geography in thetne second gysds.The researcher followed the experimental design of the partial experimental and control groups, designed for research, damaged the research community from the daytime preparatory schools in Baghdad, The researcher followed the experimental design of the partial experimental and control groups. The researcher chose AL,falah secondavgschool for boys randomly. Two randomized groups were chosen representing the experimental group and the other representing the control group.The sample of the study amounted 88 student , with 45 student in the experimental group an 43 student in control group . the researcher has equalized in the coefficients ( age , education of parents, intelligence grades test and former cognition test) for the academic year(2019-2020).

The aim of this study is to investigate and explore the use(s) of affective (emotive) meaning in Joe Biden’s inauguration speech. Affective meaning refers to the speaker's personal emotions and attitudes towards certain topics/issues, and to the ways a speaker of a language conveys his/her message(s) to the audience to influence them for or against specific objects. In this study, the data are extracted and analysed following Leech's 'seven types of meaning' (1981), with the aim of focusing on the ways President Joe Biden uses to convey the affective meaning. The study concludes that Biden uses certain words and expressions that are positive and/or negative in their meanings in order to convey his message(s) to his audience smoothly or efficiently.

Islamic education quotas are important because of the importance of the Islamic religion and its values and principles, which elevate humanity and elevate it to the top of the shrine of the angels, so we are yesterday to teach, apply and normalize the Islamic education in our schools. With the acceleration of development and people's departure from reading and preoccupation with social networking sites and life concerns , The morals, values and meanings are at high risk, and are threatened with extinction, and this danger increases when looking at the generations that have been plagued by the culture of ethics, and the concern of parents and relatives guidance and guidance in various life matters, and hence became responsible The teacher and the teacher are very big and very difficult, and with the reduction of Islamic education quotas tomorrow it is more difficult and more difficult.
In this study highlighted the issue, it is found from readers and interested in conscious ears, the overall calamity and the consequences are very serious and destruction is comprehensive if people remain in their confusion and their exclusion from the year of God and his approach to life, and not to humanity a cure of this split and corrupt and torment only to return To God, to find security, care and guidance in the light of the curriculum of Islamic education
I have come up with the most beautiful results in:
1_ The decision to reduce quotas of Islamic education causes the deprivation of young people to recognize the provisions of their religion, and weaken the religious faith, and cause them spiritual vacuum and psychological disorder, and lead to the emergence of a generation without values and principles and ethics, and this means the decline of life towards the abyss, and a landslide on the scientific level And political and social, especially if we know that the lesson of Islamic education is the most diligent lesson instilling the meanings of good and noble morals, so we ask those who put the curriculum and the quota, to reconsider that service for the public good, and a blessing to God, and to give this article worthy of its importance Manal Flute and attention
2_ The need to prepare a teacher and teacher of Islamic education prepared to give this article the right, and help him to continue to give in the way of this message
3_Cultivate a culture of respect for Islamic education in the students and their families and between teachers and teachers, and change the prevailing view in the community and which are insulting this important lesson, which is important to the importance of Islam itself.
4_ Statement of the importance of providing students with the ability to apply the principles, rules and guidelines of Islamic education on the doctrine, science and conviction.

The research deals with the theoretical and applied foundations of the causes of crises in the traditional capitalist system and how it confronts the changes that occur around it, as well as its ability to overcome the challenges from the various ideologies that came after it that wanted to end the existence of this system that existed for more than two centuries, and thus this capitalist system faced Two challenges: Either it remains an existing system in itself and has independent theories and hypotheses, or it faces the collapse and the rise of socialism in its place, which is waiting for opportunities to take over economic systems and make them totalitarian and socialist systems. Therefore, classical thinkers have always faced the threat of collapse in the system by making adjustments on the basis of The capitalist system and its reasoning is compatible with it to be able to overcome it easily, and the Great Depression was one of the most powerful economic crises that the capitalist system went through and would have collapsed had it not been for the development and implementation of plans by the most prominent classical thinker, John Maynard Keynes, who developed solutions and proposals to address all economic problems In the capitalist system and make some changes whose turn has come in order for the system to continue properly Develop appropriate solutions to address the economic crisis facing the capitalist economic system and save it from collapse by making amendments to it.

The book Translation in the Arab World: Reality and Challenge (in light of a clear statistical comparison (in light of comparative and clear evidence) written by the Egyptian author Shawqi Jalal Othman. This book attempts, based on statistical data, to portray the status of translation in Arab countries on the one hand, and on the other hand, Using the same data, to reveal the reality of knowledge in these countries by making a comparison between the Arab world and other countries in the world, to make translation in the modern world a necessary issue, and the Arab world must tend, in its linguistic planning, to pay attention to translation as an important and effective principle in human development in the modern world.
What the research aims to do is review and analyze the book on the basis of content, style and merit in a descriptive and analytical way. Through our observation of the book, it was found that the author in this book is trying to make the translation process important by relying on statistical models and by searching for appropriate mechanisms to improve and promote it. What draws attention is that his style in the book is distinctive and good. It is natural that this effect, like all other effects, due to the existing deficiency, is subject to criticism in light of three frames of reference; They are punctuation, content and methodology. Accordingly, we have noted in the book errors that must be corrected and deficiencies that must be completed in order to be a rich source that provides a vision of planning and language policy in the Arab world. Among the shortcomings, it is possible to point out the repetition of headings, the repetition of content, the loss of correct reference within the text and the loss of a uniform graphic style in graphs and tables.

The aim of the current research is to measure the level of kindergarten administrative leadership from the teachers' point of view and to measure the level of values found in kindergarten managers from the teachers' point of view, furthermore to reveal the correlation between the two research variables. The Research subject consist of (100) of kindergarten teachers in the city of Baghdad / Al- Karkh2 Education Directorate for the academic year 2021/2022.
The researcher built a managementone tool and adopted the one measurement(thejeel,2019) and their psychometric properties have been verified, and then she applied the measurement instrument on the research sample.
The results showed the following:
1- The arithmetic average of the research sample is greater than the hypothetical average of the administrative leadership measurement tool.
2- The arithmetic average of the research sample is greater than the hypothetical average of the value measurement tool.
3- There is a positive correlation between the research variables.
Accordingly, the researcher presented a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

The study included three sections that dealt in the first with the concept of personality and its nature and the researchers’ view of it. The second topic included the types of personality in the novel by Fettghafri, which is the main character, the secondary character, the finite personality behind the events and the juvenile personality. In the third section, it dealt with the relationship of the personality with the place where there is a relationship of influence, influence and psychological repercussions between The place and the personality.

Many words are contained in the Qur'an in different formats with different connotations, as well as the role of context at times in giving a similar meaning, and at other times differently. One of these is the word "left", which is contained in more actual formats, such as "act" and "do" and "act .The research aims to study these actual formulas further semantically purely' as the Qur'an is inexhaustible for various linguistic studies, including pure. When Allah almighty revealed the Qur'an to his servants, some of his verses included facilitation and facilitation in many ways, including those related to Islamic law, including those related to worship and transactions. It should be noted that more actual formulas give more significance than the actual abstract formulas, and when the word "left" is contained in more actual formulas, it has given an increase in facilitation, facilitation and mitigation of God almighty to his servants, and more of the wording gives additional indication of the lexical and contextual term. Among the studies that preceded this study was an objective study of the terms left and hard in the Qur'an (left and difficulty in the light of the Holy Quran objective study, Alaa Yusuf Juma Salameh, Master's Thesis, Islamic University, Gaza, Faculty of Religion Origins, 2017), but this research focused on the actual more versions of the left-hand word and its study from the semantic pure side, following the analytical approach.

The Arabic language is a universal language, transcends its living meanings to root it in order to announce its meaning, and since the Holy Qur’an is the first source in the divine legislation, the scholars’ pens have scoured the annihilation of its knowledge and delved into its meanings after God Almighty granted those minds, and because of these words, a close relationship between them and the The customary concept, as well as the customary terms that have a role in highlighting the legal wording envisaged by this, and the Qur’anic words need a clarification to highlight the intended meaning. Their understanding of the Qur’anic term differs from one companion to another, so how about someone who is governed by long time distances.

Social Solidarity in Arabic Literature – Abbase Social solidarity in Abbasid Arabic literature
If many had surrendered themselves to this class inequality with what they notice of the deterioration of the country and the people. However, it is noticeable that many were also unable to freeze their feelings. The call for social solidarity was to create an atmosphere of mercy, love ,sympathy and sympathy to bless the rich and the poor with the morsel encouraging the rich to be generous and slandering miserliness and stinginess and advising the poor of contentment and subsistence for the sanctity and injustice resulting from the lack of social solidarity, so the research would respond to the intellectual requirements of the age . He stands at praise , flirtation and lamentation, praise be to Allah and we seek help from him.

. The research aimed to identify the impact of social networks on university students
• The sample consisted of (50) male and female students
1- All members of the research sample are affected by social networks, whether positive or negative.
2- Most members of the research sample use social networking sites for more than hours a day
3-The majority of the members of the research sample suffer social isolation and weak
.relationship between family members because of the negative use of the Internet.

This paper deals with the description of the system of formation and derivation of words in the Russian language. In this work, we will present recent trends in the study of the Russian language that deal with vocabulary formation. The lexical system of the Russian language is associated with a common (or opposite) meaning; similar (or opposite) in stylistic characteristics; united by a common type of word formation; related to a common descent and belonging to a vocabulary of much or little use, etc. The results of the most prominent linguists and specialists who dealt with this topic will be presented, in addition to presenting their different views on word formation. The words of the Russian language consist of mor vimat that participate in the formation and formation of words. A word can consist of one morpheme or several morphemes

The Noble Qur’an is an integrated education book. It is a constitution for a calm and peaceful life. It is considered the first source of education because it used the most prominent and purposeful educational methods, and one of these methods is (dialogue).
Dialogue is one of the cultures emphasized by the Holy Qur’an and used in its contents because it has the greatest role in the development of the individual and its upbringing and its upbringing according to divine standards. Accordingly, we find that each proposition is different from the other, and this if it indicates something, it indicates the widening of the Qur’anic sciences and the uniqueness of these sciences with the advantage that the subject, no matter how many studies about it, but each writer has his own style that shows an aspect that may be absent from the previous researcher, and what encouraged us to write. On this subject, it is the lack of dialogue among Islamic societies at various levels, individual and collective, even family, and there are many methods of dialogue mentioned by the Qur’an, including dialogue with angels and dialogue with prophets and with the devil. Therefore, dialogue is an educational method by which the desired goal of The Qur’an is considered a book of guidance and direction, and the Qur’anic dialogue is built according to the minds of the people.

This research, tagged with: (The hadith of Al-Ash’ath bin Qais, may God be pleased with him - an objective study-), is considered one of the important researches related to the Prophetic Sunnah, and the hadiths of the Companions, may God be pleased with them, in which the researcher mentioned the life of Al-Ash’ath bin Qais, may God be pleased with him, by introducing him And with his conversion to Islam, and those who narrated from him, and some situations from his life and death, and then the researcher produced the hadith adopted in this study, judging him, clarifying the strange words found in it, and explaining the hadith, and then he mentioned some of the rulings learned from this hadith, and the sayings of scholars in it. and thank Allah the god of everything.

تكمن أهمية المقال بظهور المدارس مؤسسات تعليمية في مصر في القرن 6هـ/ 12م، توضيح انعكاسات المدارس على الجانب الفكري باعتبارها جزء من ذلك التراث الحضاري.
الإشكالية التي يثيرها موضوع المقال:
ما أهمية المدارس في تطور حركة التعليم من حيث المنهج وإنتاج العلوم؟ -
-كيف كانت طريقة التعليم بها، وهل نجحت في أداء دورها التربوي والفكري؟

Aerosol concentrations reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth and thus the phenomenon of solar blackout occurs, as the aerosol particles attenuate the solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth and this process is called atmospheric turbidity, Aerosol pollutants play an important role in the radiation budget of the Earth and in the formation of clouds, and they also cause several environmental problems, and the concentrations of aerosols in Iraq vary from one region to another, The Basra station recorded the highest concentration rate of (4.1 microns), due to the large number of pollutants in this province that are emitted from oil refineries and the excessive use of fuels in factories, while the Rutba station recorded the lowest concentration rate of (2.2 microns).

The impact of the Holy Qur’an on generating Islamic ideals and its significance
The study in this research dealt with the effect of the verses of the Noble Qur’an or the single Qur’anic word in generating
Arabic proverbs that were spoken in the Islamic era and the other eras that followed.
And how the Islamic proverb took its material and significance from the verses of the Noble Qur’an, as well as the impact of the linguistic context in extracting the proverb and clarifying its meaning. I preceded all of this by giving a brief look at the definition of proverbs in language and idiomatically, and the most prominent what linguists and interpretation scholars have said about proverbs, their importance, and how to classify them according to the cause of their emergence.

The current research seeks to identify the environmental effects of electromagnetic waves of mobile phone networks for users (a prospective study). The researcher built a questionnaire consisting of (15) items that measured a set of psychological, mental and physical effects on the health of the individual using the mobile phone, and after reassurance about the psychometric properties of the questionnaire was applied to the research sample, and the study concluded:
1. Prohibition of allowing the establishment of new mobile networks within population centers or near public service places such as schools and universities. It is preferable to move them outside the cities
2. Reducing the radioactivity emitted by it so that the permanent energy density in the human body does not exceed 10 nW/cm2.
3. Awareness of mobile phone users about the dangers of frequent use for long periods, as it is an emergency device only, especially for children.
4. Be sure to use a headset that reduces the arrival of radioactive waves to the brain.

The research aims mainly to verify the extent of the impact of the dimensions of strategic monitoring (strategic thinking, strategic vigilance) in achieving sustainable organizational excellence. Possessed by administrative leaders with high skills capable of responding quickly to dynamic changes, hence the research problem emerged in the main question, which is the extent of the impact of strategic monitoring in achieving sustainable organizational excellence for the sample surveyed. Al-Mustansiriya University, and (60) questionnaires were distributed to the administrative leaders at various administrative levels, and (50) were recovered, including a valid form for analysis, and the researcher adopted the questionnaire as a main tool in addition to the field interviews. Focusing on cognitive activities, revealing them and quickly absorbing them Information and keeping pace with changes in the environment and creating a work environment that supports creativity and innovation.

The research aims at studying the spatial variation of indicators in the field of early childhood development in the district of Adhamiya for the year 2020 to identify the type of service and care provided to them based on three indicators that cover this field and by means of a sample size of (400) forms covering the study area, which includes three administrative units and these are ( Adhamiya district center, Rashidiya sub-district and Al-Fahama sub-district). The research reaches a number of results, the most important of which are: - High rates of child deprivation in the field of early childhood development in the entire study area, as the high deprivation rate reaches (65.0%). The percentages have also increased in most of the administrative units affiliated to the study area, and the highest rates of deprivation are recorded in Al Rashidiya district with (84.2%), then Al-Fahama district with (71.9%) and Al-Adhamiya district center with (42.4%). The results reach to the increase of deprivation rates in the child development indicators: The deprivation rate for the children’s regularity indicator in the child development program under five years in the study area reaches (86.3%), while the adult participation indicator in increasing children’s learning reaches (86.0%) for the entire study area. , The study also shows a high deprivation rate for the children's play method indicator, which amounted to (74.3%) for the entire study area.

The current research aims to identify the bankrupt and bankrupt jurisprudence and law in Islamic jurisprudence, a comparative study between Iraqi and Algerian law. Major issues that apply to most chapters of jurisprudence, or special jurisprudential rules that Islamic jurisprudence has settled on in the chapter on bankruptcy, or issues spread in the books of jurisprudence in the chapter on bankruptcy and others, and on which dependence is often.
Where the researcher reached a set of the following conclusions:
1. The draft system provides - according to the words of its authors - a number of procedures that contribute to correcting the debtor's situation and continuing to carry out his business without prejudice to the rights of his creditors and other stakeholders, which are preventive settlement and financial reorganization procedures.
2. The new bankruptcy system project aims at the most important objectives: to address the current shortcomings in the applicable regulations, and to encourage economic and investment activities and projects by creating an efficient bankruptcy system that reduces the costs associated with bankruptcy and restructuring procedures.
3. The draft system included seven procedures to address the debtor’s situation according to its condition, which are the preventive settlement procedure, the financial reorganization procedure, the liquidation procedure, the preventive settlement procedure for small debtors, the financial reorganization procedure for small debtors, the liquidation procedure for small debtors, and the administrative liquidation procedure.
4. The draft of the debtor system defined it as: “A person of a natural or legal capacity in whose debt a debt has been established,” and it is related with some jurisprudential definitions.

The Holy Qur’an in itself is considered a sublime heavenly value, in addition to the (educational) values it contains directed at raising man and preparing him intellectually, spiritually, religiously, and psychologically, and controlling the system of his relationships. Whether his relationship with God and the obligations he imposes on him help him build his knowledge, or his relationship with the society in which he lives; The Holy Qur’an calls on man to abide by a set of educational values, taking into account his readiness and human capabilities to comply with these values. The Islamic society is considered a society of values dominated by a group of values (educational, moral, social, religious, etc.) whose source is the Holy Qur’an. These values have an effective impact on organizing and building human knowledge. This study aims to extrapolate a set of (the Quranic educational values) and work to clarify the implications of these values on the cognitive and behavioral path of man and society. The study determined the impact of educational values in the light of the Quranic vision, as the researcher used the integrative approach as one of the entrances to the descriptive approach in explaining these values and their impact.

The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of using the Asshur model in developing the skill of determining the direction on the map for the fifth grade students. The research sample (61) students distributed randomly into two groups, which included the experimental (30) who were taught using the Assyrian model and the control (31) were taught in the usual way. To determine the direction, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher prepared a test of the skill of determining the direction consisting of (28) paragraphs, and the stability of the test reached (80%), using the Codder-Richardson equation (20), which is a good stability coefficient and using statistical methods. The results showed the superiority of the experimental group that was studied using Assyria model on the control group that was taught in the usual way. In light of this, the researcher recommended that the Directorate of Preparation and Training in the General Directorate of Nineveh Education train male and female social studies teachers on the Assyrian model. She suggested conducting a study that includes the use of the Assyrian model in other variables such as thinking, tendencies, and self-concept.

This study shows the importance of local radio in the development of society, by identifying its different roles in the social, political, economic, cultural and
environmental areas .The study describes the aims of the local radio and its advantages that are reflected on the nature of its programs, so that, there are differences between local radio and other radio stations in various aspects, local radio is targeting a particular audience and it takes the contents of programs from the concerns of the community which is for his service.

This research aims to explain the role of the scholar Ibn Khumir al-Sabti (d. 614 AH), who lived in the Maghreb, specifically in the Moroccan city of Ceuta. As it was called the Sabbath in relation to it. As he made unremitting efforts in rooting and defending the creed, using the Qur’anic method in determining religious beliefs and responding to opponents and opponents with strength and solidity from the sects and sects, and his skill in argument and reasoning, laying down a set of foundations and rules on which the Ash’ari faith is based, calling for the actions of reason and the rejection of imitation; It can be considered a corrective critical movement of Ash'ari thought in the Islamic West.

This study aims to stand on the structures of the plurals among the ancients and the view of the moderns, and sheds light on a number of issues that the ancients interpreted in an interpretation that needs to be reconsidered
Modern phonetic studies came and developed, which led to this development in interpreting phonetic issues in an interpretation based on practical foundations
The research dealt with a number of issues, namely the plural of breaking, in which I discussed turning the movement into another vowel, and turning half of the movement into a hamza, and the plural of the masculine salim, in which I dealt with the plural of the noun al-maqsour, the masculine plural of salim, and the feminine plural of salim, in which I studied the movement of the feminine plural salim in the accusative case The plural of the incomplete noun is a feminine plural of Salim, relying on phonetic writing in the interpretation

The dispute between Morocco and Spain over the lands under Spanish control and occupation in North Africa dates back to the end of the fifteenth century and the beginning of the sixteenth century, when Spain occupied the city of Melilla in 1497, that is, only four years after the fall of Granada - Andalusia and the expulsion of Muslims from it, and after that Morocco lost the city of Ceuta. One of the fortified castles after it was occupied by Spain in 1580, which continued its expansion and dedication to the racist colonial policy in its dealings with Morocco. Throughout this history, the Moroccans did not recognize the dependence of the two cities (Ceuta and Melilla) on the Spanish crown, and they considered them an integral part of Moroccan territory, and they must be returned to Moroccan sovereignty.

Persuasion is the essence of the communicative process, and the communication that is achieved by the presence of the trio of the communicative process (the transmitter, the message, and the recipient) is embodied only by means of language, whatever this language may be, as its purpose is to influence the recipient or change his emotional or intellectual position. It is also an effective means to make the individual he acts and thinks voluntarily according to the direction that the persuasion wanted for him, as he can consider himself successful in his mission. There are those who define this process in the sense of force, because force in this direction is to make individuals act according to the will of the powers through certain mechanisms and techniques.
The sign is the support of the speech and increases it with emphasis, clarification and clarification, which enables the sender to achieve his intention, which is the achievement of persuasion for the addressee.
The research dealt with the role of grammatical signals (personal, temporal, and spatial) in achieving persuasion in the novel (Ivy Trees), after a brief review of the concept of persuasion and its mechanisms.
The research found results, the most important of which is that the novel (The Ivy Tree) was not satisfied with the strategy of persuasion merely to receive the message, but rather aimed to influence and win over. The communicative process in the novel (The Ivy Tree) was not arbitrary; Rather, the author's goal was to convince the addressee and the target of an idea he wanted to communicate. The grammatical signs, especially the character in the novel (The Ivy Tree), revealed the informative dimension of the association of pronouns with the verbal context. As it referred to both sides of the communication (the sender and the addressee).

The postal system was one of the systems that reflected the splendor of the civilized development of the Arab Islamic state in all its administrative, economic, military, religious, scientific and political fields. Military, political and administrative through direct contact with the caliph.
This is what we will learn about in this article.
Before we talk about mail as a system or institution in the Arab-Islamic state, it is necessary to identify its meaning and origin throughout the history of the Arab-Islamic state, as well as its importance for the security of the state, passing through its types.

This work is devoted to a comparative study of the phenomenon of enantiosemy in Russian and Arabic.Everyone knows the term antonyms - words of the same part of speech, opposite in meaning, such as: Day and night, white and black, truth and lies. But in Russian, Arabic and other languages there is an interesting phenomenon, which consists in the fact that one word has two opposite meanings. Such a phenomenon in linguistics is called enantiosemy (from the Greek words enantios - "opposite" and sema - "sign").

The role of the prime minister in the Iraqi political system after 2003
Since 2003, and with the changes that occurred as a result of the American occupation and the transformations that occurred in the form and content of the political system, these changes contributed at the political level, giving an opportunity to form organizational structures that work to participate in managing the state through legislative and executive powers that changed the system as a whole and its transition to a parliamentary system in which it is distributed Roles It is the responsibility of the executive authority represented by the Prime Minister as the head of the executive authority. The 2005 constitution defined a set of powers and competencies that made the position of the Prime Minister more effective and vital in the body of the Iraqi state, in defining, making and implementing policies in accordance with the powers entrusted to him.

The present research investigates the use of specific types of lexical bundles in academic writing, all of which are written by native and non-native speakers of the English Language. This very corpus-based research aims at presenting a frequency-derived, statistically- and qualitatively refined list of the most pedagogically used lexical bundles in this type of text by both native and non-native academic text writers in order to show how both styles differ. Forty-seven articles are chosen for the analysis in the present study; twenty-five of them are written by native scholars and twenty-two are written by non-native scholars, all in the field of linguistics; the total corpus consists of over four hundred sixty thousand words. The analysis is carried on depending on an eclectic model of analysis, taking into consideration the functional role of lexical bundles. The results concluded in this study shed lights on how native writers intend to focus more in their texts on keeping the reader to be part of the text and the argument, as shown in the number of Discourse Organizers Bundles used in the analysed texts, whereas the non-native writers intend to care more about the presentation of grammatically correct texts, as the analysis shows in the large number of Referential Bundles used; maybe not paying good attention to whether this perfect text urges the readers mentality to catch the discussion easily or not. Addressing the readers intellectually emerges quite clearly in native scholars’ texts more than non-native scholars’ writings, and this what the results of the analysis shows in the present study.