Basra studies journal

The study aims to investigate Shatt-Al-Arab structural irrigational channel which starts from the area of Kutaiban in Shatt-Al-Arab district and ends in the district of FAO, as well as to assess their current and future efficiency through water quality analysis in the course of the canal and to highlight their specific characteristics. In addition to extraction current and planned water requirements in the future for the project area and compare it to channel efficiency.
The study has shown that the region suffers from climatic water deficit throughout the year for the abundance of water lost of the channel. The study has reached to a set of conclusions and recommendations.

This study deals with the economic and social impacts which affected the displaced who come from Iraqi provinces that were affected by events of the sectarian violence after 2003 and the control of terrorism on the Northern and Western governorates after 2014. Also, It discusses causes of displacement, and their numbers as well as their spatial distribution in Basrah city. In addition to that, this paper addresses type of housing in which they live, as well as some demographic characteristics which belongs to the displaced then study the economic and social impacts of the displaced in the city of Basrah and its society.
The study concluded that, To solve their problem government must speed up to develop a comprehensive solution in order to return of the displaced to their areas of origin after imposing security and stability, compensating for lost property, and improving their economic and social conditions.

Location of Abella is at the head of the Arabian Gulf which makes it an important port to trade the world whether China, India and Persia or from the East African side then to northern Iraq to Europe. The origin of the city of Abella can be traced to ancient times. Some historians bring it back to the Akkadian state while others attributed it to a commander of Alexander the Great.
According to modern archaeological finds which showed that the capital of the Kingdom of Maysan located at the ruins of the ancient Khayabar which is near to the city of Qurna, Its main port is Al-Abella. This prompted the researcher to deal with Kingdom of Maysan and its commercial role through this port. Abella had business relations with Yemen through the port of Hadramout as well as having a business with other parts of the Arabian Peninsula. The imported and exported goods varied according to each country's production and its needs.

This paper is investigated and collected poetry of some poets from Basrah (Al-Fadl al-Raqashi, Sa'id ibn Wahab, and Muhammad ibn Umayya ibn Abi Umayyah). It found there were not writers who gathered their poetry despite interested the writers in their poetry. It is through their collection of poems. I found them to be independent poets who most of their poems were a few pieces which have the same features that were famous for the poets of the Abbasid era of their contemporaries. Also, the researcher found that Al-Raqashi is distinguished with a specific feature in his poetry which is (Lamentations). Most of the pieces were in the laments of Baramka and some of them in praise and spelling or other. The poet Saeed bin Wahab was one of the poets of Ghazal (love poetry), but then he repented and led an ascetic life, and went to Hajj on his feet, but he did not mention his penitence in his poetry afterwards.

Arabic heritage books , especially religious ones, has achieved a significant influence in the poetry of the Iranian poet Shams al-Din Muhammad who is known as (Hafiz Shirazi). Religious books such as the holy Koran, Nahj al-Balagha, and Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya (Scripture of Sajjad) had influenced his poetry which had a great deal of meaning and content due to the Arab - Persian cultural dialogue that the Arabs achieved during the Islamic conquests. Religious text got ts impressive and wide impact in the hearts of the Iranians in general and the poet Hafiz Shirazi in particular. He was the most among Iranians in tasting and affecting in the Arabic language along with his Persian language, so he was translating meanings and contents of both texts Nahj al-Balagha, and Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya (Scripture of Sajjad) to the Iranian people who cannot understand Arabic language.
The research came in accordance with methodology of comparative literary studies, and based on the conditions which are stipulated by the American school that focuses on achieving the dual influence between independent literatures in national and linguistic boundaries through cultural dialogue.

Poetry can reveal the reality of historical events, and other intellectual contents as well as social realities, human feelings. Poetry, also, reveals the nature of man in dealing with his environment and society. It also reversed results of these trends and its ideological and political implications as well as economic and social development.
From here we can rely on poetry in interpreting the historical event,describing it, and studying its influence. It had an effect in the revelation of the details about many historical events, in harmony with the strength of poetic intuition, and the poet's own vision.
The Umayyad period did not witness a poet who has intensified connection to his land and his time, and strengthened his relationship with his men and events such as Al-Farazdaq who accompanied his poetry sequences the governors of Iraq and its events especially the events in Basrah since the early days for the establishment of the Umayyad state. He absorbed in depicting all that surrounds his people and his tribe from events. He gave events, sites and characters a new signs stemming from his vision among his needs and concerns, colored events with his own self-image, and the color of the group that lived among them.

Traffic accidents is one of the most serious problems which states face at different stages of their development. These kinds of accidents became a great concern for the community and all its organizations and governments particularly in developing countries which try to catch up in the level of developed countries هn light of economic growth and accelerated financial. These accidents are ever-growing problems that result a significant material and human losses equal to the losses that caused by wars and conflicts as well as its social effects in terms of disability, family disintegration and poverty. These incidents are produced on several factors mostly for the three transport elements (road, vehicles and drivers).

The city of Basrah has its components which making it a leading tourist area at the level of Iraq and the world because of its history and diverse nature, and cultural activity is a lot of writers and poets. After 2003, with the country opening up and increasing numbers of arrivals to the city whether from inside or outside Iraq.
It became necessary attention to the tourism sector and promotion through modern means to develop them and achieve economic returns from them. The most important of these means Is ICT.
Information and communication technology (Internet and computers) are very important means in business nowadays. E-Commerce, which covered all areas, is known as the process of buying and selling, supply and marketing by using the Internet in particular. It also includes information exchange (E-Information). This is because the Internet is longer a global platform that attracts all people. The tourism sector is the most important sectors. It employed technology in its work what is so-called (e-tourism) which can be defined as the services they provide information and communication technology for the purpose of completion and promotion the tourist services across different open and closed networks, drawing on the principles and foundations of e-commerce.
We review in this study the concept of e-tourism and the employment of ICTs for the purposes of economic development and to benefit from global experiences in this area. As well as for the development of the tourism sector in the province of Basrah especially for what it had from natural tourist characteristics and historical and religious locations then stimulate action in this sector.

Commercial Ships queuing (waiting in line) in the port is considered as a problem that results in huge material losses for both the merchants alike. Thus, those merchants and naval companies tend to prefer the port in which the commercial activities for loading and unloading are carried out quickly.
However, Commercial ships queuing, as navy theory, aims at showing the exact time that commercial ships spend in Khor Al zubair port. It also endeavors to decrease the time that commercial ships spend while loading, unloading and queuing.