Kufa Journal of Arts

Abstract: The research titled "Developments in the British Press and its Growing Political Interests 1870-1918" focuses on the history of the establishment of the press in Britain since 1702 when it issued its first daily newspapers, over time, the interests the press expanded which is the political aspect

The poet Muhammad Mahdi Al-Jawahiri is considered one of the most important poets of the modern era. With his poetry, he assumed a high position among the writers of Arabic in the modern era, and he and those like him became, with their poetry, leaders of souls and mentors of hearts. They expressed the people's discontent with their reality, and their urgent desire for change, as Al-Jawahiri is at the forefront of conservative poets of the modern era.

The study covers a contemporary Omani novel discussing the traditional culture, which has evolved over the years by narrating numerous interconnected tales showcasing people’s lifestyle and daily routines, beliefs, customs, and traditions. It uses the technique of cultural studies focusing on mythical aspects, cultural implications, multiple identities and struggle between authority and margins to understand how the text employs the communal culture with its mythical aspects and symbolic relevance. Methodologically, it highlights the cohesion of the novel techniques, i.e. its narrative structure and para-text, mainly the title, which enabled the reader to understand the culture depicted in the novel.

In this research, I tried to focus on pride among the pre-Islamic poets, in (rare pre-Islamic poems), by reading their poem samples. Pride is considered one of the most prominent components of lyrical poetry. And generosity, and pride in lineage, and sovereignty, and protection of the neighbor ... and other good traits and praiseworthy qualities

Our research studied concepts from our glorious Qur’an, with which we proved that we are far from it, and that we did not depend on it to reach a dignified world and a happy afterlife, but rather we approached it with our opinions and ignorance. We did not understand ourselves without him. The secret of our happiness in this world and in the afterlife lies in our understanding of it. It is the words of the One who made us successors on His earth (Glory be to Him). To Him we return; He is the one who will hold us accountable. We will have no excuse when the silent Qur’an will be against us, just as the speaking Qur’an Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) will be against us.

Khalil al-Wazeer moved to Egypt to complete his studies, and this coincided with the tripartite aggression, so he supported Egypt by participating in the popular resistance, and after attacking Israeli targets, he lost his university seat. Then he traveled to Saudi Arabia to work as a teacher. After moving to Kuwait in 1958, he agreed with Yasser Arafat to establish an organization secret with the aim of liberating Palestine, and in 1959 he moved to Beirut to edit the magazine "Palestine".

The concept of clothing or clothing was mentioned in the Noble Qur’an, clearly and explicitly in several meanings and we explained some of them, and also the word dress was mentioned in the honorable Sunnah and with the people of the house (peace be upon them), and the sayings of the jurists The topic of my research in this thesis is a deductive jurisprudence study, in which I deal with the legal evidence from the Qur’an and the Sunnah to prove the most important vocabulary of the rule of clothing in contemporary Islamic law, and mentioned in the research the legal controls for it, and to address the most important provisions that I mentioned the power of light on Islamic Sharia.And because of the importance of the rule of clothing in Islamic Sharia, and after the developments that are taking place in society in changing concepts and understanding the covering dress of the taxpayer, which called for writing a research in this field and it is our duty to explain the legal rulings. Through this study, we will show the ambiguity in the covering and non-covering dress, what is the legal veil and what is not, and clarify what is ambiguous from the cases of imitation that have increased in recent times. And finding solutions that contribute to treating the most important phenomena that occur in society, limiting the phenomenon of imitation of the West in adornment, and permitting the development and education of women by exposing her body in front of a foreigner

This research aims to know the spatial distribution of hepatitis C infections, a type in Babylon governorate, for the purpose of giving a clear picture of the geographical reality of the disease, since the pathological phenomenon is a geographical phenomenon, and the place has a great impact on the variation of its existence. Knowing the places of concentration and spread of the disease, after which the emergence and spread of the disease can be explained spatially, because the place contains natural and human factors that help provide factors for the emergence and spread of the disease.he epidemiological type of viral hepatitis differs in the province of Babylon during the study period, as it did not appear at a uniform pace. Through the study of spatial and temporal variation, the highest seasonal rate of infections and deaths of types (A) and (E) was recorded during the summer months, while the highest seasonal rate of infections and deaths of types (A) and (E) was recorded the highest incidence of viral hepatitis type (B) and type (C) occurred during the autumn season in October. As for the human factors for people with hepatitis, it was found that the disease affects both sexes and appears in all age groups, and there is a discrepancy in the rates of injuries and deaths for both sexes. With the high percentage of males in all types of disease.

This study presents an analytical examination of the book Al-Muraja'at by the prominent Lebanese scholar Abdul Hussein Sharaf Al-Din through the lens of the German orientalist Rainer Brunner, as explored in his work Rapprochement between Islamic Sects in the Twentieth Century. Al-Muraja'at is recognized as a significant intellectual effort to foster rapprochement between Islamic sects. Sharaf Al-Din employs scientific dialogues, drawing upon religious and historical texts, as part of his broader project to promote sectarian reconciliation

This research reveals some of the grammatical rulings related to names, in which Al-Farra contradicts the Basri, and some of the provisions in which he agrees with Al-Farra and the Kufics disagreed with him, and Sheikh Al-Tusi transmitted it from him in the explanation of the interpretation of the Qur’an, and then it reveals the extent of Sheikh Al-Tusi’s agreement with Al-Farra or his disagreement with it. In which.
This research has shed light on the rule of kindness to the nominative pronoun without affirmation or separation, the rule of leaving the news from the subject, the rule of adding a noun to what it corresponds to, the rule of separating the genitive and the genitive, and the rule of coming to distinguish knowledge.

The crime of juvenile theft is one of the crimes that the divine and positivist legislations, past and present, have focused on organizing, because it constitutes an assault on people’s money, which is forbidden to non-owners, as preserving money is one of the necessities in Islam, and in this context, the problem of determining the age of the juvenile and the difference between the law and Sharia appears. Islam and the nature of the effects of this difference, as well as the rule of this theft and the stolen thing whether the eye is present or not, and other things that the research sheds light on to show us after that the most important goals of this research from the effects of the theft of the event with the presentation of the opinions of jurisprudence and law The Iraqi to distinguish the nature of the effects in each of them, as well as in defining the extent of the eligibility of the juvenile and the provisions of its theft in Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law, and so on in the nature of the actions obtained on the money stolen by the juveniles, and other goals to show us the results of the research in determining the places of eligibility of the juvenile and what He presents it and what prevents it and the rulings resulting from what he commits in the crime of theft, as well as the nature of treatment for juvenile thieves by exposing them to methods of discipline while imposing aspects of correcting their personality, as well as imposing financial punishment on the guardian if he is negligent in the aspects of education that he is obligated towards this juvenile, and all This is achieved by following the type of purely authentic investigation, by relying on the correct texts at the level of Sharia or law, by following the descriptive analytical approach, by explaining the theft of the event as an external, objective aspect to which the Sharia and legal rulings apply, as well as by analyzing the texts in order to give the appropriate rulings. This topic, while showing the implications of Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law, and this requires the use of reliable sources and review of specialized offices

The Imamate agreed and according to the blessed Qur'anic texts and hadiths contained in the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) and the imams of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) on the eligibility of (Badaa) in the sense that you mean, not in the sense that others said, Also based on the authority of the mind in that it is the Almighty who knows all things and is eternal knowledge and that his knowledge of what was and what is in the present and what is in the future has the knowledge of all things' and not his knowledge of the appearance of things after hiding them, and this is referred to God Almighty, but the Almighty has suspended some of the actions of the servants themselves as man is the owner of destiny and change and that God Almighty rewards and punishes as much as human actions, This is what the Qur'anic texts and hadiths indicated, including that the relationship of kinship prolongs life and the payment of charity to the poor Muslims pays the affliction, and this is the basis that the front in the meaning of (Badaa) and devolves to him not to others, such as the occurrence of knowledge of things and ignorance of them in advance by the Almighty, as it requires breathing in the place of divinity and the knowledge of God Almighty is effective in creatures eternally and absolutely, As well as from the contents contained in the creed in (Badaa) is the begging of the slave and his interruption to God (Almighty) in order to respond to supplication, and the adequacy of his tasks, and the continuation of worship for him and keep him away from sin and falling into suspicion, and this is the best evidence of the eligibility of the Bada and not to deny it, As for those who said the invalidity of the beginning and its denial, as the basis for denying it is the verbal moral misunderstanding of the doctrine of the beginning that the Imamate said, where they consider it a stinging blasphemy against him, because the belief in the beginning requires knowledge after the inability and ignorance of God Almighty, and this is impossible for him, glory be to him, because he has the ability and absolute knowledge until the Hour, but what is meant is that man is chosen in his actions and actions and that the beginnings that appear to man as a result of those actions that he does, but this does not It means that Allah Almighty has no knowledge of this occurrence but His will and will surround all things and their occurrence

The current study aims to test the role of bank lending indicators represented by (the ratio of loans, the employment of retained earnings and the quality of loans) as an independent variable in financial soundness as a dependent variable, as the study adopted several indicators to measure the variables. The problem of the study was identified by a number of questions, the most important of which was the extent to which bank lending indicators contribute to achieving financial safety in commercial banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange? In order to achieve the objectives of the study and answer its questions, the study population represented by the shareholding commercial banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, which numbered (23) banks, was chosen, and a sample consisting of (7) shareholding commercial banks whose data were available for the time period (2014-2021) Depending on the data of the official website of the Iraqi Stock Exchange, the impact hypotheses were tested using the statistical program (Eviews-10). The data were analyzed according to the multiple regression method.
The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was that the bank lending indicators are important indicators for achieving financial soundness that guarantees the presence of the banks under study in the business world, which requires the management of banks to manage these indicators in a manner that guarantees the continuity of the financial soundness of banks.

Communication, as a new yet ancient concept that carries the seeds of continuous renewal, has been a subject of ongoing discussion due to its ambiguity and its connection to various human fields. This has resulted in multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions, each with different and contradictory foundations. Communication has infiltrated politics and has become closely intertwined with it, to the extent that it has become part of political practice. This article seeks to trace the concept of communication in its various directions and contexts, as well as to reveal the aspects of the relationship between communication and politics that led to the concept of political communication, including politicians' perspectives on this process and its uses. This descriptive historical study aims to explore the concept of communication in its various aspects, while also examining the impact of technology on the communication process as a whole, particularly regarding traditional practices associated with political work up to the early twenty-first century.

Constructing a logical argument is the key to success in verbal communication. Yet, such an academic topic has not been satisfactorily dealt with in details. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate the most prominent components utilized in the determination of an argument as product. This paper shows how the components of an argument can be critically manipulated to convey pragmatic messages. In this study, an extract of three arguments taken form the 2020 American presidential debates are allotted to be investigated in terms of the types of claims, of evidence and of reasoning strategies which are all put together logically to construct a persuasive argument as apparently intended by the debater. It has been shown that argument as product is tied to certain types of components that are advanced through particular strategies of reasoning. Furthermore, all of the arguments under study are put forward to satisfy pragmatic meanings.

Since its emergence in 1970 up to the present time with its different versions, metrical theory has been used and applied to different texts in different languages. However, Bruce Hayes's parametric metrical theory has been proved to be universal through its application to the word and phrasal levels of many languages. By the metrical grids and a number of principles and parameters of this theory, the rhythmic pattern of stressed syllables, feet, words, and phrases can be demonstrated. The present study aims at answering the following two questions: is the parametric metrical theory applicable to show the rhythmic structure of haiku poems? Despite the cultural difference, how far does the English haiku resemble the Japanese haiku in the subject matter it describes? A haiku is a poem that descends from the Japanese poetry with three lines in 5-7-5- syllables respectively and mostly talks about a moment in nature. Many of the English poets started to write poems in a traditional haiku form. Some others, however, made some modifications with different numbers of lines and/or syllables. This study analyzes four haiku poems according to the parametric metrical theory, two of which are written by the American poet Ezra Pound in a modified haiku form, and the other two are written by the Canadian American poet Bruce Ross in the traditional form.The paper reached the following findings: the parametric metrical theory is applicable on the haiku through the former metrical grid with its stress alternation and subscription to metrical rules. To sum up, the theory proved its applicability in showing how the horizontal rhythm of the haiku lines can be demonstrated through the metrical grids via the stress alternation in each line and by the application of some metrical rules.

Cette recherche-enquête a pour objectif de connaître l'impact des personnages de fiction (littéraires et artistiques) sur la mémoire du lecteur ou du spectateur en Irak. La recherche est une enquête de terrain qui recueille les opinions de participants de différents horizons, répartis entre étudiants universitaires et autres.
La première partie de l’enquête a été menée par voie électronique auprès d'étudiants du département de français à la Faculté des langues de l'Université de Kufa, et la deuxième partie a été menée par voie électronique auprès d'étudiants d'autres départements spécialisés et de diverses universités et auprès de personnes extérieures des milieux universitaires et via diverses plateformes de médias sociaux.
Le but de la recherche est de déterminer dans quelle mesure les personnages fictionnels français et non français influencent la mémoire du lecteur ou du spectateur irakien, que ce soit un participant spécialisé en langue, littérature et culture francaises ou non spécialisé dans ces domaines. La recherche vise également à mettre en évidence le genre des personnages sélectionnés, leur âge, leur nationalité. Quel est le type d'œuvres et leur appartenance géographique ? Quel est le type de production, est-ce littéraire ou artistique ? Quels sont les personnages préférés et non préférés et quelles sont leurs principales caractéristiques ?
La recherche met également en évidence la proportion de personnages réels mentionnés dans l'enquête et la raison de la confusion entre les personnages fictionnels et réels chez le récepteur irakien.

This study explores the portrayal of political ideologies in popular video games, which are Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 and Battlefield 3. The aim of this study is to show how these games convey ideological and political messages to players, potentially influencing their perspectives on political issues. Using a qualitative research methodology, the study examines the language, with visual and auditory elements, present in the cutscenes and during the gameplay of these games. The analysis employs van Dijk’s socio-cognitive approach (2000, 2006) to decipher the games’ embedded ideological messages. The findings indicate that game developers perpetuate the hegemonic ideology of US military power.The developers also portray Arabs as the main source of terrorism and reinforce negative stereotypes of Iran and Russia.

The problem of autism is wide spreading nowadays all over the world. Thepapertacklesoneofthemainproblemsofautisticchildrenthatispoorpronunciation. This paper tries to figure out the reasons behind the pronunciationproblemsofautisticchildrenandhowtodealwithsuchproblems.Themainobjectivesofthestudyaretofindoutthemeaningofautismingeneral,statingthemainsymptoms ofautisticchildren,specifyingtheproblemofarticulationandproposingthesuitable ways of treatment to improve the autistic children’s articulation. The data of thestudyconsistofarecordedspeechofninestudentsintheHama’emAlSalamCentre for the treatment of autistic children. A form is designed for this purpose toidentify the specific articulation problems of those autistic children. The data arerecordedalongoneyearofobservation.Afteranalyzingthedata,theresearcher reaches a conclusion that the reasons behind those problems inarticulation are psychological ones which make the child does not want to exert extraeffort to pronounce the words correctly. This is why they apply certain processes tomaketheirspeechlesseffortfulsuchasdeletion,substitution,assimilationordistortion. The paper proposes some solution to solve this problem of autisticchildren inordertomaketheirspeechasnormalaspossible.

This study aims to examine the portrayal of Hamas in the headlines of the BBC agency, to reveal the linguistic representation and any underlying ideology. This study will analyze (21) headlines related to the Al-Aqsa Flood Operation against Israel. Leeuwen's model is used to analyzes the headlines to answer the study's questions. This analysis concludes that Hamas is more frequently included rather than excluded. Hamas is represented as a negative entity by different strategies like "categories: generalization, assimilation, association, determination, identification, functionalization personalization, activation, and passivation." The BBC frequently uses negative vocabulary, such as "control, capture, seize, attack, fall, assault and kill" to portray Hamas forces as assailants, which is the source of this negative mindset. According to the investigation, the BBC agency showed Hamas as an active and dynamic social player on a negative level.