DIYALA JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES

Experimentalstudies have been carried out on three types of crystalline zeolites which were prepared and used as supports catalysts. All were synthesized in the laboratory (ZSM-5, -11, and –23) with SiO2/Al2O3ratio of 37, 86 and 94 respectively.The adsorption process was investigated to characterize the catalysts performance toward adsorption parameters (percent of extraction and distribution factor). The performance of catalysts was studied over the range of temperature (room, 50 and 80 ºC) for mono and di-valent ions respectively (H+, Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Sr+2and Ba+2). The prepared catalysts exhibited that the percent of extraction and distribution factor for both mono and di-valent ions (H+, Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Sr+2, and Ba+2) used on adsorption increase with increasing temperature and also showed different to the framework structure and type of ions used. The maximum percent of extraction and distribution factor is in the order ZSM-11˃ZSM-5˃ ZSM-23 respectively.

The effect of annealing process on microstructure and mechanical properties of brass C38500according to UNS was studied. The test samples were heated to (450,500,550 and 600) °Cfor 1 hour and in a furnace. The samples were cooled gradually to the room temperature. The microstructural change during annealing was studied by using optical microscope and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and torsionl test were also studied. From the obtained results it was observed that annealing has a little effect on the microstructure and it reduces the mechanical properties (tensile strength, yield strength, hardness) as a result of elimination of the brittle phase or internal stress in microstructure, but it improves the torsional strength and increases the number of twisting angle it is also found that the annealing at (600)οC gives the best torsion test.

This paper deals with simulation using (MATLAB) of optical fiber strain sensor employing the phase modulated technique in order to design a model for the Michelson interferometer, this paper also deals with the implementation of interferometer technique is considered and simplified because it has the ability to convert phase modulation to intensity modulation, in addition it has the ability to perform modulation frequency of interest signal which is equal to the optical frequency of the source.Thus by using this technique the detection of the signals of interests is achieved. The obtained results of sensor are done by varying the applied forces of sensing element, having various core diameters and calculating the strain. Also the result shows that the fiber optic Michelson sensor is very sensitive to measure the structural strain

This research propose analyze, simulate, test, and determine the optimal performance of cited three critical and important factors related with enhancing wireless communication using MIMO technology, for simulations throughout proposed work will employing Rayleigh flat and Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) was the first factor simulated, to evaluate it is performance relating with the direct parameters presents the base bone of OFDM architecture such as OFDM model, channel types, FFT size, constellation and modulations. Secondly a simulation of channel capacity factor was done to assess the performance of capacity relating with SISO, SIMO, MISO, and MIMO. Finally from single antenna to multiantenna techniques was tested, to evaluate Bit Error Rate (BER) performance by using different receive and transmit diversity techniques have been simulated and tested for SIMO and MISO systems. Furthermore, different diversity techniques based on MIMO system have also been simulated and tested. All of these techniques are compared numerically and graphically with the BER performance of SISO system, in addition to their comparison with each other, by using various numbers of antennas. From proposed analysis, simulation, and testing of these three factors and their related parameters many of recommendations are obtained to set parameters of the three factors to build high performance PHY layer with wireless communication using MIMO technique. The implementation proposal was done under Matlab programming language

The design of a certain induction furnace for a certain application depends mostly on empirical formulas and experience. The purpose of this work is to use the Finite Element Method (FEM) approach to perform an electromagnetic-thermal coupled analysis for a suggested coil with certain billet and studying its performance during the heating period. This will lead to the ability of expecting the required coil current and its frequency, to heat certain part of a certain billet to a certain temperature at the predetermined time. Then, the simulation results can be used to build the coil and leads to design the power supply for the induction furnace. The practical measurement of the designed system agrees with that of the theoretical design results. Hence, this approach assists to reduce the design cost, time and efforts for any other required induction furnace

Improving road vehicles performance needs to deep understanding the science of aerodynamics, in order to control flow field by means of active and passive control techniques. The airflow behavior when passes over the road vehicles surfaces will be changes in patterns and resulting in different pressure regions. This pressure region causes drag force and thereby increases in fuel consumption of the road vehicles. This paper include experimental study to investigate the effect of road vehicles for three most common rear end configurations design such as (square, notch and fastback) on drag force, drag coefficient and pressure distribution. The experimentswere carried out an open, low speed, and three dimensional wind-tunnel, on geometrical similarity to the prototype (Audi 80 1987) in scale down (1:18) wooden models for fourdifferent velocities(11.31,13.86,17.89 and 22.98) m/sec. The results obtainedfrom the wind-tunnel investigations showedthat the drag force increaseswith the increasing of free-stream velocities. The minimum drag coefficient can be achieved with fastback configuration, comparing with the other tested models and result in approximately 16% and 48% lower than that for notch and square back configurations, respectively. These results are demonstrated by the pressure distribution curves which provide a deep understanding of the flow behavior above the tested models

The oscillator is a form of frequency generators which can be generate a sinusoidal wave with constant frequency and amplitude.The frequency oscillator can be considered as a one of basic circuits, which must be existing in most electrical, electronic, communication circuits and systems.In this paper, a proposed design of sine wave oscillator type RC phase shift has been performed using three approaches. The first approach proposed design is done theoretically using the basic theorems used to generate oscillations, such as the condition of oscillation criteria. Secondly it is done using simulation technique (multisim11). Thirdly the simulated design is implemented practically using single operational amplifier with passive elements such as resistors & capacitors. All the obtained results from the above three approaches (3.800 kHz, 3.510 kHz & 3.600 kHz respectively) are seems to be equal approximately. These obtained results from the designed oscillator were very encouraging

Anodizing of AZ 31 Mg alloy was investigate in 3M KOH solution for 10, 20 and 30min. at constant voltage of 5V.Atomic force microscope (AFM) used to investigate the roughness of anodic film formed on the surface while the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the morphology of the anodic film, it was found that the roughness of the anodic film is mainly depend on the anodizing time. Coating thickness. Furthermore, the microhardness also increases with the anodizing time.

This paper presents the design of a solar distillation still for the reproduction of fresh water, safe to drink without any stuck impurities, from different samples of dirty water drawn from 5 sources (river, well, bilge water, pool & lake), in addition, two water samples prepared by adding NaCl and sugar to tap water, in order to show the effect of them on the distillation process. Also, the designed solar still is used as a collector to rain water, when it is used in rainy days. The experiments were carried out within 10 hours for each mentioned sample. The amount of each drawn water was 20 litters as a standard for comparison between samples and their results, after distillation. The distilled samples were adopted after two hours for each one. The results were varied from one sample to another, but the successed samples are graduated as sweet water, river, well, pool, and lake, respectively. While the failure samples are salted water and bilge water, not proper for drinking.This procedure was adopted to reproducing drinkable water in the semiarid areas or deserts, where there is no source of drinking water just one of the above mentioned sources. The results were analyzed and showed that 98.4% pure water is resulted from sweet water,86% for river, 84.5% for well, 78% for pool, 76.7% for lake, 57.6% for salted water and 53.8% for bilge water. The remained percentages, as obtained in analysis, were the stuck impurities, slush, salinity, and toxicity. Finally; besides sweet water, river and well; pool and lake could be used as a proper source of drinking water.

The aim of this work is to design state feedback controller based on bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) technique for speed control of separately excited dc motor (SEDM). The social foraging behavior of Escherichia (E. Coli) bacteria has been used to optimize the controller performance by tuning it\'s parameters (state feedback controller gains K1& K2).The SEDM state space model is simulated using MATLAB simulink toolbox. The SEDM is loading for different loads ranging from no-load to full-load to test the controller behavior and it\'s robustness for wide range of loadings variations. First the SEDM is simulated with feeding back the angular speed only (output feedback system), second is simulated with feeding back the armature current and angular speed (state feedback system). For both systems the controller\'s gains are tuned using BFO. The proposed controller results are compared with output feedback system results. The results show the superiority of state feedback controller based BFO versus output feedback system based BFO for SEDM speed control which leads to improve the transient and steady state performance of speed responses forSEDM with different loads.