DIYALA JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES

The performance improvement which was achieved in rectangular patch antenna was made by the use of fractal geometry and Left-Handed Metamaterial (LHM). The two types of fractal geometry used are 1stiteration of Minkoweski and Koch separately, while the 2nd iteration includes (a combination two types of Koch and Minkoweski). The S-Shape Split Ring Resonator (S-SRR) was used to ensure the Left-Handed Metamaterial (LHM), that's mean negative value of permeability and permittivity in the same frequency band. Finally a combination of the designed (fractal antenna and S-Shape SRR) were used together, and the effect of this combination on antenna performance were made. Implementation of fractal geometry leads to the area redaction by 30%, and the implementation of S-SRR leads to the bandwidth improvement by 4% compared to the rectangular patch antenna design. The used program for the antenna design and their performance is CST software (Computer Simulation Technology), CST STUDIO SUITETM2010.

A new single layer, symmetrical microstrip fed compact circular patch with open-ended curve-shape slot ground is demonstrated and designed for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) applications. With the open-ended curve-shaped slot and circular patch fed by the micro-strip line, multiple resonant frequencies are excited and merged to form a measured widen operating bandwidth of 1.73 to 5.92 GHz with -10 dB return loss. Finite element simulations have been carried out toevaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v.11 electromagnetic (EM) simulator, from Ansoft. The proposed antenna is simulated with different ground slot width in order to study its effect on the bandwidth. In addition, the proposed slot antenna exhibits a small size of 30 × 30 mm. The simulated results show that, the proposed antenna has very good performance in impedance bandwidth with accepted radiation pattern, which makes it an excellent candidate in many ultra-wide band applications. The antenna is candidate to operate in Global System Mobile (GSM) and Wireless Local Area Communications (WLAN)2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz systems.

Security systems are vital for protection of information and property which it is necessary for prevention them from theft or crime. The simplicity of design makes it compatible in different scenarios such as a home or commercial security system like datacenters and banks. In this experimental work it has been programmed the microcontroller 89C51, and connected it with other electronic components to economize a security of money cabinet. The assembly language was used to program this microcontroller to control for open and close operations of the money cabinet by using limited keys as password of known person. The alarm light emitting diode LED would light by pressing the false key then the camera would take the picture for this unknown person.

In this paper, predicted models for heat input and joint geometry dimensions after CO2-MAG welding process have been developed. Before welding, steel specimens were first prepared and then butt welded using electrode wire melted and supplied into the molten pool by applying heat input continuously. Weld bead dimensions were first measured, and then the results were analyzed to check the adequacy of the models by Response Surface Method using DOE technique. These models were found capable of predicting the optimum performance dimensions required for the joint geometry in terms of weld bead width, reinforcement height and penetration. The obtained results indicated that the heat input depends on voltage, wire feed speed and gas flow rate, while for the weld bead dimensions; the gas flow rate has less effect. A comparison between the experimental and predicted results was made, and a good agreement was found between them.

Finishing of complex, miniaturized parts, especially of internal recesses is very difficult and time consuming process. Abrasive Flow Machining (AFM) is an appropriate finishing process for such finishing requirements. It uses abrasives laden polymeric putty with other ingredients to polish the surfaces. This medium is extruded back-and-forth over the surface employing the hydraulic pressure system through the aluminum alloy 1060 as the work pieceand SiC as abrasive material. Using the Taguchi method, the main parameters is length of stroke, extrusion pressure and number of cycles have been analyzed for the better signal-to-noise ratio for the surface roughness.Taguchi’s experimental design based on L9 orthogonal array has been taken for the experimentation and on the basis of maximum Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio.The R Square pieces (the ability of the independent values to predict the dependent values) is 94.4% for mean. The optimal parametric combination for minimum Ra at 120 mm length of stroke, 8 Mpa extrusion pressure, 30 cycles

In this research, an experimental study was carried out to investigate the failure modes of eight frames with IPE cross-sections. The study was conducted by subjecting these frames to two equal concentrated loads (applied directly on columns); however, the resulted data was obtained using load cells to record load increments. Comparison between experimental and theoretical results was tabulated by analyzing the eight portal frames using the following methods:1-Quasilinear analysis.2-Non-linear material analysis. 3-Codes AISC ASD, and AISC LRFD.For non-linear material analysis, direct tensile and stub column tests were performed to obtain the secant modulus as a function of plastic energy density. A mathematical formula was designed for this purpose using a special computer program. Moreover, a comparison of "AISC LRFD & AISC ASD" with the experimental results were implemented. Furthermore, the non-linear material model was also applied to these Codes. Linear analysis gives a reasonable approximation to deflections before yield occurs. Calculation of buckling loads for different frames using Euler formula, ASD, and finite element quasilinear analysis are significantly overestimate the experimental results. Whereas, incorporating the non-linear material model into the above mentioned methods of analysis brings the values very close to the experimental results

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the influence of soil types on the slope stability in specific soil slope case. The soils used have been included sandy, clayey, peat, fill, loam, deep clay and deep sand. The soil specification for both sandy and clayey soil type has been changed to estimate the influence of soil properties on the soil stability issue for these most common types of soils. To achieve the objective of this research, 2D finite element method has been used with Mohr-Columb soil model. It has been concluded that the soil types are largely effect on the slope stability issues. In addition the high factor of safety obtained in case of stabile soil type

n this research the rigid plastic material is applied to steady and non-steady state strip rolling .Stresses and strains distribution in steady state plane strip rolling under the condition of constant of friction are calculated for work hardening and non-hardening materials .In order to attain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying process details, to check and select semi analytical models, highly sophisticated numerical approaches, based on the method of finite elements (F.E.M), have been performed by utilizing the non-linear capabilities of both ANSYS-11 Standard and Explicit.,Analytical models, (withdifferent reduction of areas)validated against each other and calibrated with real process data, are essential to determineproper rolling setups of aluminum (according to roller diameter, distance between rollers and rolling pressure).The calculated distribution of roll pressure exhibits, a peak at the entry which does not appear in the analysis by the slab method.The transverse direction(TD) rotation angle which increases an accurate elongation control system was built, which is based on precise mathematical process models for the prediction of rolling pressure, velocity and forward slip.To improve the quality of the rolled product rolling provides a slight reduction in thickness, thereby eliminating the yield point elongation focusing on the surface elements which exhibit a compressive stress. The TD rotation angle in the rolled specimens are very small and permanent deformation due to the rolling process, these result of completed shapes are in a good agreement with the experimental ones for aluminum strip

This laboratory research is concerned with the behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams, being exposed to high temperatures for one time or more. Two types of mixing water are used, namely, drinkable water (tap water) and non-drinkable water (raw water) brought from local wells in Baquba city, a situation which is currently under use in Iraq especially in large urban and nonurban engineering facilities. The specialized high temperature furnaceis manufactured used in this study to heat twenty-four specimens. Later on after deep beams are casted, specimens arecooled down by two ways, gradually, by leaving them in the air for one day, and the fast way by gently putting them in water. This is to reflect the case of fire extinguish process with integrity of concrete. Testing of beams is carried out by loading each beam, using flexural machine, with two concentrated loads till failure. Test results show that using raw water in casting concrete (no heatexposure) leads to significant decrease in shear strength and an increase in deflection in comparison with using tap water. It is also observed that heat and then rapidly cooling causes a touchable strength decrease and deflection increase especially when raw water is used for concrete casting. Finally, it is worth to mention that the lowest percent reduction in loading strength recorded is that for specimens cast with non-drinkable water and exposed to cyclic temperatures, with rapid cooling at each time

Digital filtering is one of the main fundamental aspect of digital signal processing (DSP).Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filterdesign involves multi parameter optimization, on which the existing optimization algorithmmaydoes not work efficiently. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)algorithmis a bio-inspired optimization algorithm which has been empirically demonstrated to perform well on many optimization problems.It is widely used to find the global optimum solution in a complex search space.This paper presentsthe design oflinear phase low pass FIRfilter using particle swarm optimization (PSO)algorithm and discuss the influence of changing the PSO algorithm parameters such as the inertia weight(w),cognitive(c1)and social(c2) on the FIR filter design problem.Also the linear phase low pass FIRfilterhas been designed using the conventional genetic algorithm(GA) andacomparison has been made.The simulation results show that PSOalgorithmis better than the conventional GA with more rapidly convergence speed and better performance of the designed filter.The FIR filter design using PSOalgorithm issimulated using MATLAB programming language version 7.

In this research a mathematical modelis proposed to showthe environmentaleffects on the visibility of the optical interferometer by using matlab program version(7), too, it can be use the variables values for the temperatures withinIraqi weather under the condition to the value of visibility can be improved. The visibility of optical interferometer has variables values due to the pressure and strain under effect the temperature.

This paper deals with an experimental and analytical study to investigate the structural behavior of simply supported composite steel-concrete tube beams with external load, in which a concrete is connected together with steel circular tube by means of headed stud shear connectors. This type of structure not only inherits the characteristics of traditional concrete tubebeams but also possesses its own unique attributes, such as advantageous mechanical performances, facilitating construction process, and low maintenance cost etc. Seven composite steel-concrete tube beams were tested to their ultimate strength. The effect of thickness and diameter of steel tube on structural performance of composite beams were investigated. Experimental results proved that, due to increase tube thickness from (2mm to 6mm), the strength increased by (63.5%)and the ultimate deflection increased by (75%). While the strength increased by (190.3%)and the ultimate deflection decreased by (47%)when the tube diameter increased from (75mm to 200mm). Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model for predicating the flexural resistance of composite steel-concrete tube beam is proposed. ANSYS computer program (version 13.0) has been used. The calculated flexural resistance based on proposed model has a high level of accuracy when compared with test results.