Kirkuk Journal of Science

This study include, the partial purification of L-glutaminase enzyme from E.coli by ammonium sulphate precipitation (40%-80%) fractions, and the enzyme activity elevated to 75 IU/ml following dialysis. Pharmacological evaluation of L-glutaminase enzyme was used for the in vivo studies on sixty rats as an animal models. The hematological parameters for rats in the treated group (T2) showed significant changes at the level (P<0.05) when compared with normal control group (T1). The WBCs was found to be increased with the reduction in the RBCs and Hemoglobin (Hb.) concentration. However there were no significant changes of these parameters in the other treated groups (T3, T4, T5, and T6) in contrast to (T1). The serum total protein, globulin and, albumin were found to be decreased significantly for the (T2) in comparison with the (T1). However, their level had been relatively normalized in comparison to (T2) as a result of administrating doses of 0.5, and 1.0 ml L-glutaminase in combination with 0.5 mg ethylenimine /Kg. body weight for T5 and T6 respectively. Concerning the level of serum globulins, there were a significant elevation in the serum globulins value for T5 and T6 which were treated with doses of 0.5 and 1.0 ml L-glutaminase in combination with 0.5 mg ethylenimine/Kg. body weight respectively. While, a significant decrease in the values of serum albumin detected in all rats’ treated groups and the L-glutaminase efficacy was not achieved completely compared with the T1.The Liver enzymes ALT, AST and, ALP for T2 showed significant elevation at the level (p<0.05) when compared with T1. The treatment with L-glutaminase at doses of 0.5 and, 1 ml /kg body weight in combination with 0.5 mg of ethylenimine/kg body weight in T5 and, T6 groups respectively, seem to reverse the changes to word near normal level. There were a significant elevation (p<0.05) in the relative weight of Liver, kidney and spleen of rats in T2 in comparison with T1. However, there weight decreased significantly (p<0.05) in T5 group in comparison to (T2). Whereas there were no significant differences in the organs’ relative weight for the T6 group from that of T1. The finding of the present study improved the preventive role of the L-glutaminase against the mutagenic, and carcinogenic effect of ethylinimine, and it was dose dependent

Key management in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a complex task due to its nature
of environment, limited resources and open communication channel. In addition, wireless
communication poses additional threats to the critical information being sent and received
over there. WSN are necessary to be protected from different attacks. But, the major problem
to secure WSN is a key distribution after deploying the sensor nodes in specific area. This
paper examines the design of an efficient key management distribution scheme for WSN. The
proposed method based on knapsack algorithm that requires generating a series of vectors to
encrypt the private keys only that will be sent to the cluster heads by base station. The same
method is used by each cluster head to encrypt only the keys that will be sent to their
members. The simulation results showed that the proposed key management method can
offers efficient security prerequisites, suitable scalability, and connectivity to achieve
authentication.

The purpose of this paper is to study a new classes of irresolute mapping called
Intuitionistic Generalized Pre irresolute mappings, Intuitionistic Generalized Semi irresolute
mappings, Intuitionistic Generalized -irresolute mappings and Intuitionistic Generalized -
irresolute mappings with study of their properties. Then we investigate relationships between
them.

The present study aims to assess Nurse’s Knowledge about Patient Safety after diagnostic
Cardiac Catheterization at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk City. A descriptive study
survey approach was carried out from the period of 1st March 2017 up to 1st October 2017. A
non-probability (purposive sampling) method was used to select the sample of the study. The
study includes the (45) nurses who are working in medical ICU and cardiac medical ward at
Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk City. The instrument of the study is Self structured
questionnaire which is developed to assess the knowledge of nurses who are working in ICU
and cardiac medical ward. The analysis of the data was used descriptive statistics
(frequencies, percentages, mean, S.D), and inferential statistical (ANOVA and t- test). The
results of the study showed that (48.9 %) of samples were in the age group between (23-27)
year, and with a mean & SD of 2.13± 1.12.(64.4%) of study sample were female, (37.8 %) of
the sample were graduate from Nursing institute, (75.6%) of them having (1-5) years of
experience in the nursing profession, (95.6%) of the nurses had no training session in cardiac
catheterization. The socio-demographic characteristic of the sample of the study has no
significant relationship with knowledge at (P value < 0.05). The results of the questionnaire
demonstrated that the nurses who are working in medical ICU and cardiac medical ward
nurse’s knowledge towards Patient Safety after diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization were far
from optimal. The researcher recommends the establishment educational training programs
for staff working in cardiac catheterization and establishes specialized centers for cardiac
catheterization.

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a DNA virus of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily and
Herpesviridae family. HCMV is a leading cause of congenital infections throughout the
world. This study was carried out in Kirkuk governorate from July 2017 to January
2018,aimed at studying there activity of anti-HCMV IgM to various specific HCMV antigens
among 180 pregnant women attending hospitals, primary health care centers and some private
medical laboratories. The pregnant women were examined for HCMV-IgM seroprevalence
using Electro-chemo-luminescence(ECLIA) technique then examined their reactivity for
specific HCMV antigens using line immune assay. The rates of HCMV-IgM seropositive
were 22 (12.22 %). Regarding the reactivity of determined HCMV-IgM against various
HCMV antigens, the rates 14 (63.63%), 13(59.09%), 21(95.45%), 15(68.18%), 21(95.45%)
and 16(72.72%) were seropositive for HCMV IE1, CM2, p150, p65, gB1 and gB2 antigens,
respectively. Concerning the band intensity of HCMV-IgM reactions with HCMV antigens,
the rates of (+++) were higher than other band intensity for all antigens with highest rate for
gB1 antigen (85.71%). So, the highest rate of HCMV-IgM reaction with the number of
antigens was 40.90% for three antigens at the same time. In conclusion, the highest rate of
HCMV-IgM in pregnant women was for gB1and p150 antigens; while the highest rate of
intensity reaction was (+++)and the highest rate of HCMV-IgM ability for reaction was for
three antigens at the same time.

Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is one of the
most common parasitic infections in humans and is most typically asymptomatic. However
infection in a pregnant woman can cause severe and disabling disease in the developing fetus.
The presented study aimed to determination the correlation of Toxo-IgA seroprevalence
among pregnant women to various Toxoplasma antigens with the serum IL-4 level. From the
June 2017 to January 2018, 300 pregnant women enrolled in this study attended to hospitals,
primary health care centers and some private medical laboratories in Kirkuk. The pregnant
women were examined for Toxo-IgA and determine their specificity for various Toxoplasma
antigens by using line immune assay and the serum IL-4 evaluated by using ELISA
technique. The rates of Toxo-IgA seropositive were 22 (7.33 %). Considering the reactivity
of determined Toxo-IgA against various Toxoplasma antigens; the rates were 12(54.54%),
13(59.09%), 11(50.00%), 14(63.63%), 17(77.27%), 13(59.09%), 11(50.00%) and 18(81.81%)
seropositive for Toxoplasma ROP1C, MIC3, GRA7, GRA8, p30, MAG1, GRA1 and rSAG1
antigens respectively. Regarding to the total serum IL-4 level, the highest rate of decreased
serum IL-4 level among Toxo-IgA seropositive was 59.09%.In the presented study we
concluded the highest rates of decreased serum IL-4 levels was 54.55% seen within Toxo-IgA
seropositive for GRA7 and GRA1 antigens , and the rates of increased serum IL-4 level
ranged from 5.88% to 9.09% within all seropositive groups to various Toxoplasma antigens.

The current study aims to describe the normal anatomical structures of neonate lungs
)weights, volumes and dimensions( as well as the architectural histology of structure In this
study, 20 neonate cadavers collected with age ranging from 0-28 days, all these cadavers were
collected from the Forensic Medicine in Baghdad and Kirkuk. Following dissection, the organ
weight and gross metrical measurements were measured. Histological study was done on all
cadavers enrolled in the study using Periodic Acid Schiff )PAS( Stain The results showed that
the weight of neonatal lung was increased proportionally with age and the highest mean
weight, volume and dimensions of lungs were found in neonates whose in the age group 22-
28 day. The study revealed that dimensions of the left lungs were slightly more than those of
right lungs especially in the age group 22-28 days. The study indicated that the volume of
neonatal lungs were increased proportionally with age and the highest mean volume of lungs
was found in neonates whose in the age group 22-28 days 50.03 cm3
. The tunica media of the
blood vessels of small and medium sized were well demonstrated of the thickness of alveolar
walls also were obvious with inflammatory cell infiltration, the interstitial C.T. also
associated with presence of smooth muscle cells, surrounded by segments of hyaline cartilage
which are demonstrated easily, the lumen of bronchus appeared containing exudate, around
the lung was containing with collagen bundle the elastic fibers. The basement membrane of
the pulmonary blood vessels was demonstrated well by PAS which appeared thickened and
the lumen of blood vessels was filled with blood serum and individual inflammatory cell. The
interstitial C.T. around the blood vessels were containing dust cell with lymphocyte
infiltration.

In this paper, the investigation of structural and optical properties of Zn2SnO4 thin films
were studied. The films are performed on glass substrates by pulsed laser technique (PLD)
using laser Nd: YAG at wavelength of 1064 nm with 800 mj laser energy using repetition
rate of 6 Hz. and average 400 laser pulses at room temperature and annealing by tubular
quartz furnace at temperature (573,773) K for 2 hours with air. XRD measurements showed
that the structure for all samples is polycrystalline with a cubic nanostructure. Surface
morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy SEM and atomic force
microscopy AFM. After annealing, the roughness of the surface and the mean grain size were
increased. Optical properties as a function to wavelength in the range (300-1100 nm) have
been studied. Absorption spectra of Zn2SnO4 thin films showed that absorption decreases with
increasing annealing temperature. Direct energy gap for a Zn2SnO4 thin film was increases
with increasing temperature for all samples due to crystal growth. The optical properties such
as extinction coefficient, refractive index, and dielectric constant were also studied.

Sandstone rocks occurring in the Tanjero Formation in the Sulimania and Pera-Magron
areas, which crops out within the Imbricated and High Folded Zones in Northeastern Iraq, are
lithic arenites with high proportions of sedimentary rock fragments. The presence of quartz,
chert, carbonates and igneous and metamorphic lithic grains and fossils in the Tanjero
sandstone clastic rocks indicates that the southern Neotethys Ocean was a shallow seaway
during their deposition. Geochemical classification of the an Upper Cretaceous Tanjero
sandstone clastic rocks are lithic arenites to Fe-Sand and indicates that they were mainly
derived from Albian-Cenomanian Gimo–Qandil sequence ophiolite-bearing terrane and
Hemipelagic sediments (Parautochthonous Qulqula rocks).

In this paper ,ZnO was mixed by various concentrations (5,10,15,20,25) w% SiO2.The
mixture was deposited on glass substrate by laser pulse deposition at room temperature. X-ray
results showed that there was a decrease in the peaks of zinc oxide with gradual peaks of the
zinc silicate compound at angles 2Ө 2 ) due to the increase in silicon oxide
concentrations rates. The infrared spectrometer Fourier transform was used to study all
prepared films and gave good results about the chemical bonds of the composite and their
locations and correspond to the standard results of the zinc silicate compound . The results of
the Atomic Force Microscope showed that all of prepared films were having Nano scale
size and there was an increase in square root roughness index.

Volume changes occur when soil exposed to water, for expansive soil the size of soil
increases and produce pressure on surrounding area, but for collapsible soil it cause large
amount of settlement under a certain load, the amount of swelling and swelling pressure can
be predicted by depending on some physical properties. In order to recycling the materials of
waste building demolition and stabilization soil, this research studied, the effect of adding
waste building material in different percentages (2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20)% by the weight to the
soil. The results showed that by adding 2.5% of waste building material the swell potential
will decrease by 24% and the soil changes from medium to low expansive, and by adding
20% of waste building material the swell potential will decrease by 55% and soil changes
from high to middle expansive. In addition, for swell pressure by adding 2.5% of waste
building material, the swell pressure will decrease by 16% and for 20% of waste building
material the swell pressure will decrease by 50%. On the other hand the Collapsible soil that
contain gypsum showed that the potential of collapse will decrease by adding 2.5% of waste
building materials by amount more than 15% and the soil changed from middle to low
collapsible, the collapse potential will decrease 40% by adding 15% of waste building
materials.

The presence of Effluxpumpsgenes (MexR, MexB, MexA) and (MexZ,MexY, MexX) was
investigated in 24 antibiotic resisting isolates of Paeruginosa, isolated from open fracture
infections using PCR technique. The results showed 100% presence of (MexR, MexB, MexA)
and (MexZ,MexY) genes in all tested isolates while the MexX gene was present in only 7
isolates representing 29.2%9

The research aims to show the histopathological changes caused by Intistinal protozoa in
differ tissues in the body (liver, lung, intesitant) infection in laboratory animals (1 Week, 2
Week, 1 Month, 2 Month). Histopathological examination of liver, lung, Intesitant showed
the presence of degeneration and necrotic hepatic cyts and emphysema in alveolar alveoli in
the lung and mucinous degeneration in the cell epithelium cell intestinal glands, distortion of
vill in intestine.

The effect of the Allelopathy on the succession of some plants in the soils previously planted
with sunflower, Alfalfa, Okra, pumpkin, cowpea, and tomato plants was studied in germination
of the seeds and growth of the above mentioned plants. The results of this study showed that the
Allelopathy had an effect on the subsequent crops, which caused a significant reduction in the
percentage of germination of plant seeds. The highest percentage of germination in the seeds of
the sunflower (97.44%) was planted after the pumpkin and tomato plants. The effect of the
Allelopathy in the growth of seedlings (length of the Plumule and the Radiant and their dry
weight) varied in their effect on the subsequent crop between inhibition and stimulation. The
cultivated soil was more stimulating in the length of the Plumule (12.93 cm) And the least
stimulating soil Tomato (2.80 cm) in the germination of the seeds of the sunflower, as for the
length of the root, the soil of the Okra was more stimulating in the germination of cowpea seeds
(26.69 cm) and the least inhibition of gourd soil was (2.63 cm) in the germination of the seeds of
the tomato.

The aim of this research is to study the affecting factors on the dielectric strength of
polymeric blend [of Epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester] and its composites. A Nano
composites were prepared based on polymeric blend ( 80% Ep + 20% UPE), supported by Nano
Piezoelectric powder (PZT), of crystalline size (1-10 nm) with weight percentages (2, 4 and 6
Wt%). Dielectric strength (Ebr) for the blend and composite samples was studied before and after
immersion in water for 11 weeks. The results showed that (Ebr) decreases with average the rise of
voltage decreasing, increasing the thickness of samples and by form nonlinearly (35.13 kv/s –
19.38 kV/s), and with the number of cycles While (Ebr) increases with increasing the addition of
ratio (36.77 kV/s – 43.82 kV/s ). On the other hand, immersing the samples in the water caused a
clear reduction of the dielectric strength for each of the blend and composites.

This study includes the preparation of a computer program for working the overlapping of
sprinklers using the Fortran Programing where the program deal with one sprinkler data in the
field and convert this data to four sprinklers working together in the field and simulated the
reality of the work sprinklers in the field by different dimensions for both distance between
sprinklers (S), the pipe lines (L) with the four sprinklers arrangement and finding the results of
the Christensen value (CU), the efficiency and adequacy of the irrigation (considering that the
net depth of irrigation NDI equals the average depth of water given to the field), for each cases.
The largest values for (L × S) of the field depend on the value of (CU ) not less than (80%). The
results of 83.888 and 86.666 for the first experiment by two shapes triangle and rectangle
respectively, while the second experiment we got 85.06 and 80.95 in same way by shapes
(triangle and rectangle) respectively, also the in third experiment the results appear 81.9 and
82.53 for the distribution of triangle and rectangle respectively, which are good values for the
largest irrigated area of the filed, economically in the design of the pipe line. The irrigation
efficiency is high for all values exceeded 90%. Through the data of CU and efficiency of the
addition of water, the equation equal (CU% = 2*Efficiency % -1) with (R2
= 1).

The current study was carried out in order to detect the effect of sodium azide on Urease
production and biofilm formation in P.mirabilis. Twenty one isolates of Proteus were
collected from different clinical and animals samples for the period from 15th October 2017 to
1
st November 2017 and identification depending on microscopic characterization, biochemical
tests and conformed by Vitec-2 compact system, its turns out that only 18 isolates belong to
the specie P.mirabilis.All P.mirabilis isolates 100% were have the ability to produce urease
enzyme.
All P.mirabilis 100% un able to form biofilm on Congo red agar while 100% were
strongly able to form biofilm on microtiter plate. The addition of Sodium azide shown an
inhibition ratio in biofilm formation depending on the concentration and source of isolate also
shows inhibition ability in urease enzyme production in both swimmer cells and swarmer
cells of P.mirabilis depending on the source of isolate and concentration.

This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of albumin, malonaialdehyde (MDA) as an end
product of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as an antioxidant enzyme, in
pregnancy and postpartum women. The study included (120) pregnancies during months of
pregnancy conducted in Al-jmhwry and Al-salam helth center /Kirkuk with (20) non-pregnants
women whom served control and (20) as postpartum in the age (18-40) years. The study was
carried out from 3/2016 to 3/2017. The results indicated for a signifcant increase. In albumin
serum levels during the months of pregnancy and decreas in activity of superoxid dismutase
enzyme in the last three months of pregnancy, while there was a significant increas in serum
levels of (MDA) in contrast with control.

This study was aimed to obtain the alcoholic extract of cardaria draba (L.) Des .plant of
ethanol %70,%96 in both dry and fresh parts respectively. The weight of the extract of the
c.draba plant was 55.70,8.71 for dry part and fresh part respectively. Determine preliminary
the chemical group included in the extract by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
techniques. Four types of plate and four types of solutions were used, the results showed that
the fourth type of plate was better for separation and the fourth type of solutions was better. A
result of the separation were detected (10- 14) compound in both the dry and fresh parts
respectively. The relative flow rate (RF) was measured by ultra violet radiation on the wave
length (365) nm. Different RF rate values and different color spectra were obtained for the
dry and fresh extract respectively. Esculetin as a coumarine compound has been determined
according to standard substances.
The determination of half fatal dose LD50 (lethal dose) by oral administration of the
Extract for the mice, and the results of experiments observed very low percent of death
(3.33%) by using the (1750-1000) mg/ml and (6.66%) in (2000) mg/ml dose respectively