Gulf Economist

The research has discussed the development of human resources and its impact on the development of customer service culture in the municipalities of Riyadh applied to the governorates of Majmaah, Ghat and Zulfi, the research includes all employees except the guards and workers\' categories, the municipalities in the Riyadh area are considered to be the most important government departments, because of their great importance to the region and citizens alike, The research problem is trying to figure out the impact of the development of human resources in the development of customer service culture, also care directly about employees and how to help them to enhance customer service through the launch of their abilities and talents inherent ,and give them special attention to their individual initiatives in order to avoid administrative recession and confront the major challenges which are facing the municipalities of Riyadh region in serving its customers. This research aims to shed light on the concept of training and development of human resources, and recognize the benefits1 of training,
Then the research discussed the concept of customer service, and the principles of distinguished service to customers, and to shed light on the reality of the customer services in the municipalities of Riyadh region. The research consists of an introduction and four sections The first section deals with the training and development of human resources, the second section is talking about the concept of customer service, the third section discusses the municipalities of Riyadh region, and the fourth section deals with the field study, The most important results is the field study has shown that there is a correlation statistically significant at the level of significance between the development of human resources and the development of customer service culture in the public sector, they are estimated by 88.7% Among the most important recommendations is connecting training courses with practical side in the work in order to achieve the desired goals, That is why the descriptive analytical approach is the appropriate approach to this study . In data analysis the research will depend on the statistical programs of Social Sciences package SPSS, Including descriptive statistics standards duplicates and percentages to describe the characteristics of the research sample.

The Iraqi oil revenues represent the major source for funding the developmental programs, which were unable to developing agriculture and industrial sector and diversify the economy over the past decades. The study aims to investigate the role of these revenues on the economy level particularly, economic growth using econometric methods such as Error Correction Model (ECM) and Cointegration test. However, the study found that there is an inverted relationship between oil revenues and the growth of industrial and agricultural sectors which witnessed a significant decline in its contribution to GDP

The rapid global developments have led to the emergence of new concepts of economic policy, and there has been a set of foundations on which the economic developments are based and which achieve the well-being of individuals as a fundamental objective pursued by economic policies. However, sources of well-bein has been expanded, and many factors also have been crystallized that will contribute to achieving this prosperity. As well as the internal environment of the State, also Their sources of achievement included the external environment, Which gave a significant role to innovative activities in providing such means, so, the economic development and growth achieved in the developed countries of the world is in the large part belong to the innovative activities carried out by those countries during the period following the Industrial Revolution, These innovations led to successive increases in production factors, increasing production and increasing profitability.

The sustainability of public debt and the ability of the government to track public expenditure and meet its future financial obligations are dominated by most economic and financial studies, given the importance of the fiscal sustainability framework in designing And the implementation of macroeconomic policies, including fiscal policy. In Iraq, the decline in oil revenues to below the levels of the public budget and the exacerbation of fiscal deficits and public debt rates led to increased interest in fiscal sustainability and the sustainability of public debt as a ruler of the course of public finances. This paper attempts to monitor and analyze the trend of public debt in the Iraqi economy by discussing modern approaches to assessing fiscal sustainability in resource-rich countries and designing a modern standard model based on the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed lag (NARDL) ) To assess the sustainability of public debt during the period (1980-2015). And exit a set of procedural policies that guarantee the continuity of government in the service of its (internal and external) debt, achieve intergenerational equity, and rebuild fiscal space that allows for fiscal policy to maneuver during periods of boom and oil recession.

The research aimed to identify the relationship between the ethical work climate and its impact on job alienation. The research at the Hartha power station in Basra on a sample of the administrator workers of the number (52) administrative. The research has depended upon a hypothesis which implies that there is a relationship of significant and effect between the ethical work climate and job alienation. The most important results of the research are the existence of a relationship and a significant statistical significance between the dimensions of the work ethical climate and job alienation.

The research aims to study and analyze the effect of some variables affecting heart diseases and we will focus our attention on heart disease as one of the first health problems in the world .
In order to achieve the above objective and based on the data theoretical study and the data available in the health institutions, a random sample of (200) individuals was selected using the logistic regression model and statistical program (R-Project). Finally, the most important conclusion is that; the proportion of cholesterol in the blood is the main cause of heart disease.

Decades of direct government control on almost all aspects of Iraq\\'s economy has led to the weakening of the private sector, where it has closed down a lot of business, and has reduced employment opportunities in the private sector.
Also public companies have seen as incompetent, with low productivity, and high cost of operating which causing a significant drain in the state budget, as well as being isolated from the regional and global markets.
Accordingly, public companies need to be updated and better integration with the private sector in order to increase productivity and competitiveness and take advantage of new business opportunities which achieved through the strengthening of ties with regional and global markets, and this is only by following the principle of partnership between the private and public sector.