Sciences Journal Of Physical Education

Scientific researches and previous studies have confirmed the existence of an important relationship between the different physical measurements and the achievement of digital results in athletic activity as a result of the player's performance, but that the physical specifications are not the only thing to achieve higher levels but rather the right way for that goal is to find the relationship between anthropometric measurements in all its various types and kinematic variables . The characteristics of strength marked by speed of achievement of players in javelin throw activity . In addition to the existence of many factors, including kinetic performance and other variables such as psychological numbers and some other physiological variables. Moreover , through follow-up the events , the researcher observed there is a significant variation in physical measurements and biochemical variables and the strength marked with speed are achieved by the level of achievement of javelin throwing. Although physical measurements and biochemical variables play a prominent role on how players are selected at any of the athletics activities, the strength marked with speed has an important role to improve the performance of the javelin throw in a manner that is appropriate to the skeletal system and compatibility for muscular nervous work by achievement. The research aims to identify the relationship between physical measurements , kinematic variables, strength marked by speed by achieving javelin Throw . As for the research community, the researcher used the random method by draw when choosing the members of the research sample, who are (23) students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Science - University of Qadisiyah. 25.2%) of the 93 original community . The homogeneity of the sample was conducted. The researcher concluded that the coaches were able to predict the high achievement of the players of the javelin throw events in terms of both the kinematic variables and physical measurements as well as tests of strength marked with the speed that was extracted. The researcher recommends paying attention to using a method Statistical analysis in computers in the fields of physical education, various sports sciences and scientific research in order to develop studies and research that address many important variables.

The world is witnessing amazing scientific progress in all areas of life, as science has made a great leap and is still in continuous development to achieve greater progress. Sport has had a share of this progress, as the sports field has made great strides through the use of other sciences that have a relationship in the sports field and that affects it as well as consolidating many principles and improve many of the rules. The result of that development was to achieve the best results in all sporting activities, and this development came as a result of the overlap of other sciences to provide the training process to reach the best levels of sports.
Biomechanics has an important and effective role in revealing the most accurate details in athletic performance, as it has improved many skills by discovering and correcting weaknesses as well as analyzing many sport skills and movements to identify the ideal and correct performance form, so studying these sciences has a positive effect on developing sports skills in various events and games .
One of these games is basketball game, as basketball has now become a game nowadays , many countries of the world, the first competitor of football in terms of attracting the largest number of players and viewers due to the fast rhythm of basketball game, and continuous maneuvers between attack and defense throughout the match. In addition basketball game can be practiced on all hard floors, and that the shooting skill is one of the most basic skills in the basketball because all skills are harnessed in order to score a point in the basket of the other team. So, all the technical and physical efforts accomplished by players in defense and attack may not be of use if the player is ultimately unable to shoot in the opponent's basket, whether it is jumping by two or three points.
Therefore , the research significance came in the development of exercises in which their dependence on the most accurate details of kinetic analysis of shooting skills in basketball game to determine the reality of the variables that affect the accuracy of shooting .Thus , putting information and facts based on digital values that are not subject to doubt in the hands of coaches and players alike so that the training process can be based on correct scientific principles and achieve the principle of economy, effort and time, and coaches have the ability to correct the performance of the players and direct them asrequired .

The research significance came to clarify the methods of endurance training as well as delivering the scientific information to our trainers about the role of each method and features of the increasing speed method. Moreover, we may contribute to raising the level of achievement for runners of (1500) meters in record time and providing effort and time for the coach and player. The research aims to:
1.Prepare special exercises and applying them in a method of increasing speed training to develop speed training and achievement among runners of 1500 meters.
2. Identify the effect of training exercises in the method of increasing speed training to develop speed training and achievement of runners of 1500 meters .

The research aims to investigate Tthe effect of tactical exercises with different methods on a number of physical characteristics and basic skills of young football players, as well as the differences in physical characteristics and basic skills between the experimental and control groups in the post-test
The researcher used the experimental approach due to its suitability for the research nature , and the experiment was implemented on a sample of (26) football academy players of football talents and ages (16-19) years, selected intentionally and divided randomly into two groups (experimental and control) and by (10) ) Players for each group, and homogeneity was achieved in the following variables (age, length, mass), as well as a parity exercise between the two groups in the physical and skill variables identified by the experts and specialists. An experimental design called the pre-selection and pre-test randomized control group design of pre and posttest was adopted.
The researcher used the following statistical means: (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, difference coefficient, percentage, T test for the associated samples, and T test for the independent samples. The researcher concluded that he achieved the schematic exercises in different methods implemented by the experimental group, developing in all the physical characteristics and basic skills, by comparing the results of physical tests and the basic and pre skills of the players of the experimental group, and the control group achieved an development in the characteristics of the transitional speed and the explosive power and did not achieve an improvement in the physical characteristics of agility and the distinctive strength of the speed of the two legs and endurance of the speed by comparing the results of the pre and post-physical tests for the control group players, the control group achieved an improvement in the basic skills of rolling and control and did not achieve progress in passing and scoring .In addition , the experimental group that implemented the tactical exercises in different methods achieved a better development than the control group in all the physical characteristics and basic skills by comparing the results of the post-test of the two groups.

Sports training is a purely specialized process in private construction and is an important factor in mutual relations, as modern sports training programs and their sub-units, whether monthly, weekly, or even daily units have become busier with what is new, as resistance exercises in various forms , whether using resistance exercises with body weight or resistance or using sand, have great interest in preparing athletes and correcting programs, especially those directed at some group sporting activities, including a basketball game that requires greater ability in the muscles of each of the muscle groups working in the upper end (such as the arms) or the lower end (such as the legs), which serve motor work in particular in offensive skills that require reciprocal action between the muscles of the lower limb and the muscles of the upper limb. The research significance lies in subjecting the sample to sandy stairs exercises in order to verify their suitability and ability to provide young players with physical capabilities that contribute to the development of the values of bio kinetics variables which leads to upgrading the skill level which benefits them and supports the national teams among the advanced players . As for the research problem , it is guaranteed the physical side is not properly acquired and in a manner that ensures the presence of bio kinetics variables at good levels, which means skillful performance that is not commensurate with the requirements of matches and competitions, so the researcher decided to investigate this problem by setting sand stairs exercises that would develop the strength and speed that the player needs for Correcting them and reaching the best technical performance in the peaceful shooting in basketball. The research aims to identify the effect of sand stairs exercises in the values of some bio kinetics variables on the experimental research group between the pre and post tests for the peaceful shooting of basketball young players as well as identifying the differences in the values of some bio kinetics variables between two control and experimental research groups in the post-test in the peaceful shooting of basketball young players.

In light of the great scientific and cognitive progress in various areas of life, as the information is published once it happens , and as the field has expanded for every bright idea and good opinion to spread it over the internet to be a research topic in an international seminar. In this scene, groups of teachers and professors in universities must take advantage of this reality to develop educational science at various levels of its educational institutions, starting in the field of physical and sports education to progress the level of physical education lesson starting from kindergarten to the end of the university stage, especially in the field of teaching and learning methods that have increased and it varied to suit different levels of study, students ’levels, gender, tendencies, desires, and cognitive level, etc.
The research significance is to try to achieve effective teaching and learning by applying an integrated learning strategy in the teaching process, and it focuses on work and group behavior as detailed later to teach basic football skills among students.
As for the research problem, football is one of the games that includes a set of basic skills that need educational and training methods in order to prepare players and raise the level of the game.
Based on the researcher knowledge , follow-up, and watching football lessons, he observed the lack of the educational process and the teaching curriculum for football of using various methods in learning basic football skills that help in develop learning and making students reach the best level in a short period of time. This encouraged the researcher to involve the integrative learning strategy to teach football basic skills . The research aims to identify the differences between the pre and post tests of the control and experimental groups in learning some basic skills of football among students, and to identify the differences between the groups of control and experimental in the post tests in learning some basic skills of football among students.

Collaborative learning is one of the teaching techniques brought by the contemporary educational movement, which has proven through research and studies a positive impact on the academic achievement of students, and is based on dividing students into small groups working together to achieve a goal, or the goals of their classroom learning, that this concept is not new to educators and teachers, because they use group learning as one of their various educational activities from time to time. But what cooperative learning provides is to create an organizational structure for the work of the student group, so that all members of the group can involve in learning according to clear and specific roles, with confirmation that each member in the group learns an educational material. Shooting skill is one of the basic skills that settle the situation in the games, and the team, whose members are accurate in performing shooting skill cannot be defeated . The research significance is evident by finding teaching alternatives that are compatible with the multiple skills of football and are appropriate for the age levels of students by selecting the cooperative learning method since the researcher believes it helps teaching football shooing skill among students. The research problem lies through work as the researcher is a teacher of physical education and his observation of most of physical education lessons in some of the governorate’s schools devoted to teaching football shooting ,and inquiring from some teachers, the researcher foud diffuclty in selecting the the best method for teahing because of the various methods of teaching . This led the researcher to conduct a process of diversification in the teaching methods, which may achieve an acceleration in the learning process, through the use of the method (cooperative learning) and the method followed by the teacher (the command method) in teaching football shooting skill to deliver the educational material to the learner. The research aims to identify the effect of cooperative learning in teaching football shooting skill among students as well as identifying the significance of the differences between the experimental and control groups in the results of the post-test of shooting skill .

Through the presence of the researcher in the field of teaching athletics activities, where it was noted that most students suffer from difficulty in performing Triple Jump activity and the difficulty of linking between the technical stages of this activity .This prompted the researcher to use the format model and the possibility of its use and benefit from it in controlling performance of technical stages of triple jump, and the possibility of utilizing the use of brain energies in an ideal and positive way. The research aims to prepare special exercises using the format model for the technical performance of triple jump among students , identify the effect of the exercises related to using the format model in the technical performance of triple jump among students , and identify the preference for influencing the exercises related to using the format model and the regular exercises in the technical performance of the triple jump among students.
The research community was identified by the second stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science for Girls - University of Baghdad, total 90 students, for the academic year 2018-2019.
As for the research sample, it was chosen randomly, represented by A group, experimental group, and B group, control group, taking into consideration that each Section includes 24 students among female students. The researcher concluded that the format model is of great importance in increasing female students' motivation and the exercises related to using the format model have a major role in developing the technical performance of the triple jump activity among female students

Volleyball game has witnessed a remarkable development in recent years in the physical, skill and planning aspects, which led to a change in the game nature due to the multiplicity of modern methods of play and their breadth , and because coaches follow the scientific foundations in building training and developing training programs for advancement and through watching and following up on many matches and training among students of the College of Education Physical and Sports Sciences / University of Diyala.Through the researcher's experience during the study and discussion of opinion with the specialists , the researcher believes that among the reasons is the weakness of the skills of preparation and smash shot ,so the researcher decided to develop a proposed educational curriculum to develop the skills of preparation and smash shot and make them reach the required level to achieve advanced results in this field. The research aimed to develop a proposed educational curriculum to develop the skills of preparation and smash shot in volleyball, and to identify the effect of this curriculum on the members of the research sample. The research sample was chosen intentionally and they are the Specialized Center for Talent Care / Baghdad for the season (2018/2019) , total 20 players and (4) players were chosen for the pilot study, and the rest (16) , whereas (8) students were selected for the group and (8) students for the control group.

The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between job satisfaction and the performance of staff in the department and sections of student activities, and identify the role that job satisfaction plays in the performance of staff, whether positive or negative, and what are the problems facing employees in student activities and what conditions must be provided for increasing the performance of staff by providing the appropriate environment for work in the departments and sections of student activities. The research sample consisted of all members of the research community , and they are staff in the departments and sections of student activities in the universities of Dhi Qar Governorate , total number (35) on which the research was conducted for the year 2019. They were divided into (30) individuals a sample of application and (5) a sample of pilot study ;and the scientific foundations were applied . The following statistical methods were used: percentage, mean, standard deviation and simple correlation coefficient (Pearson). The researchers concluded that job satisfaction affecting the performance of employees. Therefore, the sample's answers confirm that their job satisfaction is not good because of the lack of availability to satisfy their needs.
The researcher recommended setting standards for wages and bonuses, characterized by justice and equality, which works to achieve a level that meets the ambition of satisfying the needs and job satisfaction .

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between elbow angles of the body and pole vault performance and to explore an effective method for improving pole vault performance. The study selected 14 male athletes and 14 female athletes to jump to perform pole vault. They participated in the local championship of the competition, field and track . The researcher analyzed the best performance in the competition. The camera used for this study was Sony type(HDR cx-200). The camera frequency was 60 frames per second of Video Quality HD. The video camera was installed on a tripod at a vertical height of 1.50 meters from pole vault and at a distance of 25 m to picture activity of pole vault. The collected and analyzed data were transformed by Dartfish program . Angle of elbow (angle between elbow and upper arm) at the moment of rise. These data were analyzed statistically by the linear regression method using the statistical program (Minitab 17). The performance is set as an independent variable. Elbow angle is set as a dependent variable to verify that each factor is different. The α level is set to 0.05. The elbow angle can estimate the best performance factor with 80.01%. So we can expect that if the Polish athletes make the elbow angle wide during the pole vaulting, it will increase their performance.

The research aimed to prepare compound exercises among Fustal female players, and to identify the effect of these compound exercises in some physiological indicators among fustal female players , where the problem of the study lies in the researchers' observation of signs of emergence of early fatigue accompanied by a low level of physical performance and a weak ability of players to continue at the same level What they started at the beginning of the match, and this decrease in the physical level clearly reflected on the team’s performance in the skill factor to show weakness in the speed of implementation of the various game skills. The researchers adopted the experimental approach of designing the control and experimental groups on a sample of (14) female players from the Girl’s Club, intentionally chosen with a percentage of (16.666%) of their original community of clubs participating in the competitive season (2017/2018). The main sample was divided into two groups of equal numbers and the requirements for control and the experimental design were completed in the sequential procedural and statistical procedures, as the dependent research variables, its tests and the dependency procedures it followed were determined. Then the researcher prepared the compound exercises for the experimental group players within the period of the special preparation at the rate of (24) training units over a period of two months, at the rate of (8) training weeks. Each week included the application of (3) training units so that the application will start at the main section and its duration (60) minutes of the total unit time of (90) minutes, by adopting the training method of the interval training of high intensity period. After completing the study experience, the Social Statistical package System (SPSS) version (V25) was used to address the results. The researchers concluded that training exercises among Fustal female players helps coaching improving the increase in their anaerobic capabilities, and in this improvement they surpass the players who trained without them, and reducing the difference in the number of heartbeat after and before the effort with them. The compound exercises training haven’t achieved any improvement in the rate of oxygen saturation among fustal female players , nor the players who trained without them. The researcher recommended that it is necessary to pay attention to the procedures of periodic physiological, physical and skill tests among fustal female players in order to identify the level of progress in the training case objectively, and it is necessary to prepare the compound exercises according to scientific methods, taking into account the principles of sports training and avoiding random judgments in its planning, and it is necessary to provide inexpensive and easy-to-use training supplies for training fustal female.

Identifying the most effective training methods in developing sport achievements is the primary concern of those involved in developing these achievements and athletics is one of the most games that require the use of many training methods to develop various physical characteristics related to sports achievement and one of these games is Javelin Throw, especially when training juniors ,since this activity has complex dynamic method that requires early training because of the necessity of strengthening the technical side of this skill among juniors and controlling its technical stages in performance. One of the things that contributes to facilitating motor work is special speed training in general and explosive strength training in particular to contain the performance stages of this activity on explosive movements and distinct strength multiple movements play a decisive role in integrating the motor performance and then the achievement of this activity .The research problem lies in the use of special speed exercises to develop the explosive strength among javelin throw juniors to show how effective it is in developing the explosive strength of the working muscles at the moment of throwing. The researcher aimed to identify the level of the explosive strength of the working muscles among javelin throw junior players, and identify the impact of special speed training in developing the digital and technical level of javelin throw and the explosive strength. The research was applied to a group of Najaf sports clubs participating in the Iraqi Athletics Federation’s competitions of javelin throw juniors for the sports season 2019 during the period of 10 / 12/2018 until 21/2/2019 .The research was carried out in the Najaf sports club and weightlifting hall in the club itself, and the use of a battery of tests to measure the explosive strength (which is the long jump of stability and triple jump of stability and vertical jump and throw a medical ball weighing 2.5 kg and achievement test as a digital level. The researchers used an eight-week training curriculum at three training units per week to develop explosive strength.

The research aimed to identify the level of organizational culture of Youth and Sports Directorate Staff in Dhi Qar Governorate, identify the level of organizational loyalty among the directorate staff, and identify the relationship between organizational culture and organizational loyalty from the point of view of the directorate staff. The descriptive method was used in the survey method. The research the sample consisted of( 100 )individuals from the directorate staff. The researcher used the organizational culture questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The researcher also used the organizational loyalty scale. The two scales of basic foundations were extracted ( validity , reliability and objectivity ) The researcher concluded that:
- There is a good level of organizational culture among youth and sports directorate staff in Dhiqar Governorate .
-There is a full awareness of the importance of organizational loyalty to the staff of the Youth and Sports Directorate in Dhiqar Governorate.
There is a significant relationship between organizational culture and organizational loyalty among the directorate Staff. The researcher recommended :
-Make use of the scale of organizational culture and awareness in other studies that develop organizational work in other sports institutions
-Development of strengths in the administrative aspects of staff by putting them in the courses and development for the purpose of developing the administrative work that serves the organizational process

The research aims to develop the basic skills of football for the Cubs category by ages (14), since they are at the beginning of their way towards controlling these skills, which are the basis for the player’s transition towards the development of the rest of the complex skills. The researcher used the experimental method of two equivalent groups ( experimental and control) of pre and post tests for its suitability with the research problem. The research sample consisted of players of the 10 cubs players of Alshurtaa(Police) club (the control group), and 10 cubs players of Al-Gua aljaweyaa (Air Force) Club a (the experimental group). Competitive exercises and a training curriculum were prepared to develop basic skills (handling) , Quenching, rolling, scoring). Pre and post test for the two groups were conducted the two groups and then applying the curriculum for a period of 8 weeks .The post-test was conducted on the same sample in order to extract the results of the research. The researcher concluded that there is the weakness among cubs players with basic skills in football, and that the training curriculum based on competitive exercises had an effective role on developing these skills. Upon comparing the results, it was found that the experimental sample that used the training curriculum and competitive exercises developed by the researcher was better than the results of the control group that used the regular curriculum developed by their coach

The research aimed at designing and codifying a test for the arms strength endurance among short distance swimmers . The researchers adopted the descriptive research method on a sample of swimmers in the southern region clubs for the sports season (2018/2019), total number (68) swimmers ,deliberately chosen by (100%) of their original community. Based on the requirements of designing and codifying the test under study, they were randomly divided (a sample of 32 swimmers), (a sample of 5 swimmers), and (a sample of 31 swimmers). After viewing the test specifications, the apparent validity was verified, and the objectivity checked, Discriminatory validity, difficulty and easiness, and stability to reach the final version of the test, and then a pilot study . After completing these steps according to the determinants of measurement and evaluation in the physical education sciences, the test was applied to the codifying sample. The results were treated by a system of social statistical package (SPSS) Version (V25), to derive the criteria. The researchers concluded that the test for the arms strength endurance among short distance swimmers measures the objects for which it was designed with a high objectivity, and is appropriate for the level, age, gender, and specialized effectiveness of swimmers. It is possible to assess swimmers according to what it has achieved from the criteria for codification , and its easiness for application with low material cost and does not need many devices or tools. The researchers recommended the need to rely on this test when assessing swimmers, and it is necessary to follow the methodological, sequential steps according to the parameters of measurement and assessment in the sciences of physical education when designing test for swimmers in the aquatic environment.

The research aimed to identify the level of the new administrative methods and sports investment for some sports institutions, and to identify the contribution and the impact of the new administrative methods on sports investment for some sports institutions. The researchers adopted the descriptive approach in the way of correlative relationships on a sample of employees in some Iraqi sports institutions ,in charge of sports investment for constant employee . During the research procedures in each of the administrative formations of the Presidency of the Prime Minister of Iraq - the National Investment Commission, the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports - the Investment and Self-Financing Department, members of the Administrative Committee of the Premier League Football Clubs for the year (2019-2018), the researchers deliberated on their study of their being Society of observed phenomena in the study problem , and because they achieve objectives . The research sample was selected from them in a random method to represent (170) individuals representing (35,052%) of the research community. After applying the two measures adopted in the study, the results were statistically addressed. The researchers concluded that the newly developed administrative methods need support to improve them among employees in some sports institutions , in charge of investing in Iraq because of what return positive returns to Iraqi sports. The employees in these institutions have more strategic management style than other administrative methods developed, and they also need a method of management with goals from administrative methods more than other methods that have witnessed an apparent weakness as well, and they need to enable them to be familiar with the culture of sports investment and its administrative limitations, and to know how to attract investors and how to provide the financial and administrative facilities and guarantees that investors need more than the rest of what supports sports investment in Iraq, which has witnessed an apparent weakness as well, and is related to, contributes to and influences the administrative methods developed in sports investment in Iraq and it is possible to predict through this type of investment .

Summer Paralympics Games of 1988 in Seoul, South Korea in 1988 , was another turning point. It was held in the same city using the same facilities as the Summer Olympics, followed by the 1992, 1996 and 2000 tournaments. After that, the 1992 Winter Olympics was the first in the Winter Paralympics that used the same facilities for the Winter Olympics, and it was finally agreed between the International Paralympics Committee and the International Olympic Committee in 2001 and was recently extended until2020. The research significance lies in a serious attempt by the researcher to determine the priorities of the establishment of the Iraqi Paralympics Committee, the date of its founding and the period time that followed it from 1987 to2017 . The founding of the Iraqi Federation for the Disabled Sports on February 8, 1982, has played the prominent role in the care and rehabilitation of the disabled a will ensure to provided them with educational ,integrated and correction preparation .
Throughout the years of its founding, the Federation took it upon itself to work on laying the right foundations for disabled sport in Iraq and developing the sports movement through the establishment of many championships and internal competitions as well as keenness to participate in international championships. Therefore, the researchers decided to go into this previously unreachable topic in the form of a scientific study to start historical documentary pages to get acquainted with the history of the emergence of the Paralympics courses from 1987 to 2017 . The research aims to documenting the history of sport for the disabled in Iraq and identify the history of the creation of the Paralympics Committee from 1987 to 2017.

Among the most important of these chemical changes that are affected by training are immune indicators, as the immune system is considered to be self –defense developed means of self-defense of extreme complication to defend the body and maintain physical balance and organ functions in the face of the risks that it may be exposed to and against environmental changes that do not stop down anyway. The research aims to prepare numbers of non-oxygenate exercises commensurate with the nature of the game and the prevailing and ideal energy system for the game. The research problem can be summarized by the following question: (Do the non-oxygenic exercises prepared by the researcher according to scientific principles , the energy system and the functional status of the players have a positive effect through which immune variables can be measured that the performance endurance of Futsal players is developed and by this there is a clear picture for the coaches to improve the training level for the players?).The researcher concluded that the non-oxygen training used is of great importance in increasing the efficiency of Futsal players and the non-oxygen training used has had a significant and effective impact in increasing the level of indicators of immune system.

The research aims to identify the level of the national centers for the care of specialized sports talent, which has administrative talents and its role in fostering sports talent and youth sporting energies to supply the national teams with athletes. The research sample consisted of (116) administrative supervisor of the sporting activities of the centers of Baghdad and the governorates for the year (2018). The sample was selected deliberately of the administrator of the national centers for the care of specialized sports talent. The descriptive approach was used in the survey method for its suitability for the study, and the statistical package (Spss) was used to extract the results and the average score for the level of administrative talent for the research sample . The researchers recommended to adopt the scale of study by the institutions of the Ministry of Youth and Sports and its application to conduct successive studies related to administrative talent to identify the level of the competence of their administrators and periodic evaluation and increase interest in the human resource and its development.

Achievement has many factors, but knowledge and analysis of the effectiveness and its specialized characteristics facilitate the process of construction, adaptation and improvement of achievement. Therefore, a proposed approach has been prepared by researchers to improve the types of speed and their effects on some chemical and enzymatic and functional variables and the types of speed and blood components. The researchers believe that a lot of coaches neglect some types of speed or do not give them enough time in the training unit. The researchers used the experimental approach and the sample included competitors from the youth category of 400m freestyle race. The experimental variable was implemented on the experimental group for 12 weeks. As for the control group, it was subjected to the traditional approach of the coach and after conducting statistical treatments and reaching the statistical description of each variable, the researchers concluded that the approach prepared by the researchers has positive effects on the body's functional systems. The improvement occurred in both experimental and control groups in most chemical variables, functional indicators, blood components and speed types after implementing the experimental approach and the traditional approach. .The chemical changes, especially in the growth of hormone, lactic acid and LDH after the implementation of the experimental approach is better for the experimental group, which indicates positive changes and adaptations in the body and energy systems. The researchers recommends to emphasize the use of the training approach prepared by the researchers to develop the types of speed, functional and chemical variables, and achievement in 400 freestyle race and there should be periodic checks on players in all sports.

lovan_77@yahoo.com
Abstract
The research aimed to reveal the effect of using peer education strategy on acquiring some types of handball shooting and The effect of using peer education strategy in retaining the art of performing some types of handball shooting. The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability for research nature . The research community was represented by the students of the second academic year at the College of Physical Education at the University of Duhok for the academic year 2018-2019, total 120 students. The research sample consisted of 24 students by (12) students for each group selected randomly after excluding a number of members of the research community for lack of homogeneity with the rest of the sample.The strategy (peer education and the followed method) was randomly distributed to the research groups. The researchers have set up weekly teaching plans for the two groups according to the peer education strategy and the proposed method to be taught in the light of the content of the methodological of handball curriculum book. The teaching plans of the peer education strategy and followed method were presented to a group of experts and specialists in the field of teaching methods and handball activity. The program lasted for 3 weeks with two educational units per week for each group, i.e. 6 educational units for each group, the time of one educational unit was 90 minutes. The researchers used the statistical program (SPSS) to process the data of the research and the results showed the superiority of the experimental group that used peer education strategy over the control group that learned using the method used to acquire the skill of shooting from jumping forward. The experimental group that used the peer education strategy outperformed the test of retaining some types of shooting in hand ball compared to the control group that used the method followed.

The researcher used the Keller` model, which is one of the modern methods for learning skills, including the skill of peaceful shooting, which is one of the important skills in basketball by preparing educational units and by proposing exercises appropriate for the age group as well as formulating it by Keller`s method. The research aims to identify the differences between pre tests and the posttest in shooting skill of basketball and some physical features and for the two groups (experimental and control). The research also aimed at identifying the differences between the pre and post tests in motor fluency and for the two groups (experimental and control). The researcher used the experimental approach. The original community was determined by the Gaza intermediate school for girls. The first stage was identified and one of the section was randomly selected. The research sample consisted of 30 students. The sample was divided into two groups: The experimental group that implements the educational curriculum in Keller`s model. The second group, the control group that implements the traditional method. The experimental variable was applied on 3/3/2019 until 15/5/2019, with four educational units per week, i.e. (32). After statistically processing the results, the researcher recommended that :
1.Keller`s model is effective for increasing motivation among the research sample, high physical level, and peaceful shooting in basketball
2.It develops the individual's ability to depend on himself and raising the intellectual level, which increases his motor fluency.

Through the experience of the researcher as being a sports education teacher , She noticed that some teachers do not give sufficient attention to the educational and training curricula of motor fitness required in the correct scientific preparation for female students and rely only on skill performance and playing with or without a ball .For the importance of this stage in the proper early preparation for female students, and when watching most educational units in preparatory schools for one of the developed countries, where we see the use of much training and educational tools during the application of the lesson and this is what gave rise to a vast difference in the skill field that is originally built on physical fitness and mobility. Through these exercises, the researcher wanted to set a first step to use the aid tools to develop motor fitness among intermediate school female students. The research aims to prepare special exercises for ways to help develop some elements of physical fitness and the motor characteristics of preparatory school female students, and identify the effect of special exercises on developing some elements of physical fitness and motor characteristics for preparatory school female students. The researcher used the experimental approach to design (the two equivalent groups with pre and post testing) due to its suitability for research nature and problem and the research objectives . The research community has been identified by students of the Al-Fao Preparatory School in Babil Governorate for the academic season 2018-2019, total number (77) . The researcher concluded that the exercises used by the researcher have a significant effect on the development of motor fitness. Moreover, the use of exercises led to the development of motor fitness more than it is when using the traditional method used in the teaching plans of the control group.

Failure to give the phenomenon of sports aggression what it deserves from a study on the players of group games in the College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, especially the university championship reliance on a single knockout system (knockout one time) in a number of its roles and the lack of a sufficient period for physical, skill and psychological preparation . Therefore ,the research significance is clearly demonstrated as it deals with sports aggression (trend towards competitor) among players of national teams in some group games at the College of Basic Education, University of Mosul. The research aimed to identify: 1. The level of sports aggression among the players of the national teams of some group games in the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul.
2. The differences in the level of sport aggression among the players of national teams in some group games in the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul