AL-ANBAR University Journal of Law and Political Sciences

All societies suffer to varying degrees from violence, because of its dangers and devastating repercussions that afflict the family entity first to extend and affect the entire society. It is worth noting that there is a clear and obvious contradiction between the principle of permissibility of discipline approved by Islamic Sharia and the violence practiced against the wife, in addition to the fact that some punitive legislation still recognizes the permissibility of discipline at times explicitly as the legislator Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and others implicitly, as is the case with the Egyptian legislator.
Ignoring human rights that affirm the individual's right to a secure and stable life, far from adopting any form of humiliating or degrading treatment without discrimination based on gender guaranteed in its constitutions.

The development in the field of production and the provision of various commodities and products and the accompanying broad scientific and technological development has contributed to encouraging producers and sellers to use more advanced methods to promote their goods, goods and services, especially in the context of sales that take place through electronic means. And the use of promotional advertisements, which leads consumers to rush to buy these goods and services without prior thought or consideration, which leads to the incompatibility of these services, goods and merchandise with the consumer’s need, or it may be found that the consumer tended to make the purchase as a result of the tempting offers made by the seller while The buyer did not benefit from the purchase process and did not meet his needs and fulfill his benefits, Which leads to an imbalance in the economic and cognitive balance in the contractual relationship between the seller and the consumer, especially in light of the home sales in which the seller moves to the place of residence or work of the buyer to display his goods or through electronic or television offers and advertisements, which calls for the search for legal protection for the consumer and the preservation of the The legal balance of the contract and future contracts, which is known as the option to withdraw in consumer sales in general and home sales in particular, and this is what we will show in the context of searching for the concept of this right and determining its legal nature, as well as the mechanism and limits of using this right

The subject of Measures is to for regulate the state's authority in the punishment, whether this regulation is focused on the departments that look into the case or on how to proceed with it before them until the last stages of the investigative measures, until to refer the case to the specialist court, the importance of our research is the investigated measures, which considered as a link between initiating the criminal case, and the trial court’s practice of issuing a decision or ruling in the case, assigning the authority to investigate and take investigative measures to a party requires touch on the legal nature of the investigative measures. In order to reach if the law in right or in error in entrusting when it depend these measures to that body , especially that our research is about taking investigative measures in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Internal Security Forces, where these measures are taken by officers belonging to the Ministry of the Interior as administrative persons and not persons belong to a specialist judicial authority

Terrorist crimes are characterized by their seriousness, due to the randomness of the targets and victims and the chaos in implementation. Terrorist crimes would spread terror and fear in society, so that the entire world would be a scene of terrorist crime. Therefore, the Iraqi legislator criminalized in the anti-terrorism law all terrorist acts, as they are dangerous acts of violence that target the interests of individuals and the society in which they live, as well as targeting higher interests in the state such as public security and sovereignty

Covering up the perpetrator of the crime means supporting him, sheltering him, and it was said that it is the concealment of the offender in order to avoid punishment to refrain from performing the right. Legal scholars have differed in describing the concealment of the offender, some of them considered concealing the offender as a criminal activity carried out by the owner after the crime was committed without an agreement with the perpetrators before the crime was committed. And some of the scholars have considered it an aid that can be provided to the offender in the form of subsequent assistance after the crime has been completed. This aid is manifested by the concealment of helping the offender by harboring or concealing him.
The concealed partner is a partner in the crime, as he contributed to it with a part that does not reach the extent of its material corner or its preparatory work, and in this way it differs from the original perpetrator where part of the practical side was committed, not all, in the sense that concealing the offender is a consequential intervention if the crime preceded him. If the agreement is signed He must, before committing the crime, consider the concealed accomplice, as he is a contributor to the crime in any way, if the concealed person knows in advance

Electronic blackmail is one of the new behaviors that began to appear with the advancement of modern scientific technical means and the development of social communication methods, which were characterized by high quality and enormous digital capabilities, and this is why the topic of our research is based on shedding light on the criminal policy of electronic blackmail as one of the harmful behaviors that have become rampant in Iraqi society, as well as The wide echo caused by this behavior in other Arab and foreign countries, And the extent to which the criminal legislator is alert to him by stating the rules of criminalization and punishment for these criminal acts, in addition to indicating the extent to which the special legal nature of electronic blackmail affects the legal adaptation of his behavior and the extent of its impact on judicial decisions, which in the end is due to the lack of special texts addressing those behaviors called behavior and actions in its name and addresses, At the conclusion of our topic, we reached a number of conclusions and suggestions

The arms trade is one of the most important dilemmas facing the contemporary international community because of its threat to the principles of international peace and security, and thus the international humanitarian law proceeded at an accelerated pace to ban weapons of mass destruction and regulate the process of other trade within the limits of military necessities and the right of legitimate defense, and perhaps the legal basis for regulating this trade we found In direct form in the Arms Trade Treaty of 2013 and indirectly in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and other relevant humanitarian conventions, and in order to establish mechanisms for the implementation of these agreements, international non-judicial bodies played a tangible role in this regard, especially the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross, as well as the role of judicial bodies Represented by the International Court of Justice and the Criminal Court in the application of the rules of international responsibility

The idea of legal security in all legal fields is an important factor in achieving a degree of relative stability of legal relations. In the field of administrative decision, in addition, it contributes significantly and effectively to the stability of various legal centers, with the aim of spreading security and tranquility among the parties to legal relations from public legal persons. Especially, so that these people can act reassuringly on the guidance of the existing legal rules and regulations at the time of their work and arrange their situation in their light without being exposed to surprises or sudden actions issued by the public authorities that would destabilize this tranquility or storm this stabilityThis idea has been entrenched in Germany since 1961, as the Federal Constitutional Court demonstrated the constitutionality of this idea, and it was internationally recognized by the Court of Justice of the European Community in its 1962 decision, and its decisions regarding legitimate trust, which are very close to the idea of legal security. The European Court of Human Rights emphasized in 1981 the necessity of legal expectation as a requirement for legal security

This research aims at focusing on the most important ways to enhance administrative transparency. It is a strong point that has an important impact in the field of fighting administrative and financial corruption. It presents an examination to the reality of transparency in Iraq. It indicates the date of the first appearance as well as the identify the constitutional and legal texts. These texts stipulate that the principle of transparency must be applied in the field of work of government departments
The analytical approach was utilized to clarify the subject matter by examining some of the advanced European legislation in the field of performing and enhancing transparency. This approach examines the Iraqi constitutions and legislation that emphasize transparency

This research sheds light on the constitutional judge\'s innovative authority in the field of reconciling conflicting constitutional texts or principles. As the constitutional judge must push back the conflict between those conflicting rules by reconciling these two texts or principles without entailing giving them a supra-constitutional character to one of them and denying the constitutional character to the other,The fact that the conflict does not occur between a constitutional text or principle and an ordinary legal rule, but rather between two constitutional texts or principles within the constitutional bloc, and in order to reach this conclusion, this research depends on the analytical and comparative method, which contribute effectively to obtaining a clear understanding of what these are Innovative authority and a statement of its nature and the mechanism for its proper application

Wars represent a vital environment for violations, in which the permissible and the forbidden are mixed, and that international humanitarian law tends to define international crimes, by providing for cases of exposure and assault on original human rights, public order and the safety of states, or exposure to international peace and security. The four Geneva Conventions of 1949, and the Additional Protocol I attached thereto of 1977, included a list of serious crimes (grave violations) that the signatory states committed themselves to criminalizing in their legislation and to enact appropriate penalties for them. As a new branch in the branches of international law, including in the course of stipulating the penalties for violating the rules of the principle of humanity in particular, and the rules of international humanitarian law in general

Private banks, after that, a legal person charged with tax can resort to tax evasion behavior, like any other taxpayer, taking advantage of a number of reasons, some of which belong to the banks themselves, and the other relates to the tax administration, as well as economic reasons, and legislative reasons, leaving effects that extend to Social, economic, and legal aspects.

For the purpose of addressing the problem posed in this research in identifying the causes of tax evasion for private banks, and indicating the extent of its effects, we will address in this study the causes of evasion, and its effects in the Iraqi Income Tax Law No. (113) for the year 1982, and the Egyptian Income Tax Law No. (91) for the year 2005 And the Jordanian Income Tax Law No. (34) of 2014. In the context of the foregoing, and for the purpose of answering the questions of the study, and addressing its problems in order to achieve its goals and objectives, we will divide this research into two demands. We included some conclusions and suggestions that we believe should be adopted by the tax legislature or the tax administration

The Organization of Islamic Cooperation faces a number of challenges both internally and externally that have weakened the role of the organization in resolving the Palestinian issue. In the intellectual foundations of the member states, which in turn was reflected in the lack of agreement regarding the programs for dealing with the Palestinian issue, the security and food exposure, which is one of the biggest reasons for the weakness of Islamic countries and the failure to defend their sanctities, and the weak political will that crystallized as a result of weak relations between Arab and Islamic countries, and the reality that imposed by the Zionist settlement on the Palestinian territories. As for the external challenges, they were represented by the American hegemony, the nuclear weapons owned by the West and the Zionist entity, the close relations between the Zionist entity and Western countries, and the double application of international law. We expect three scenarios for the future of the organization towards the Palestinian issue, one of which is the organization's success in resolving the Palestinian issue, the second is the organization's failure to solve the Palestinian issue, and the third is the organization's continuation as it is now. The last scenario is more likely for us

The security concern in the Gulf states was an important factor in bringing their views closer with (Israel) and reaching public normalization. On September 15, 2020, the UAE, Bahrain and (Israel) reached the signing of the Abrahamic agreements in the White House with American mediation, which included a set of considerations and dimensions. The mission is to achieve it to reach peace in the Middle East. The Abrahamic agreements had great repercussions on the Gulf and regional environment and on the Palestinian cause, in addition to having provoked wide regional reactions towards these agreements, as the regional parties believe that these agreements will upset the balance of power in the region in favor of ( Israel).

This study attempts to shed light on non-traditional security issues as new challenges to national security of states. The study examined the case of food security in Iraq after the war on terrorism in 2016 as one of the most important issues threatening security situation. Despite the efforts made by international organizations in Iraq, United Nations' reports indicated that there are three million people suffering from food insecurity. The most important factors that increased food crisis, are: corruption and poor planning by successive governments, daesh's control of large territories in the west and north of Iraq, the policies of neighboring countries towards Iraq specifically Iran and Turkey by flooding the Iraqi market with food products or working to reduce the flow of rivers water to Iraq, the massive increase in population that deepened the economic crisis, corona pandemic and the decline in global oil prices and finally Russia-Ukraine war. All these factors led to an increase food prices in Iraq, which negatively affected the middle and lower classes of society.

The aim of this research is to assess the reasons for and advantages Turkey's involvement in Libya affair and its impacting on political and security aspects in Libya; however this study took a year 2015, as launching point due to this year Turkish government attempts to pass resolution by grand national assembly in order to deploy forces in Libya for one year and it will able to mandate Besides Turkey has also announced its supporting of the Libian National Accord Government representing by Faiez Mustafa Serraj.
The findings of this research shows that Turkish government was looking for achieving some economic, and geo-political goals in Libya. For example, Turkey and the (LNAG) has signed a Maritime Boundary Treaty in order to establish a private economic zone in the Mediterranean Sea.