Leadership Thought for Research and Studies

The administrative authorization is one of the most essential factors that the successful administrations used to achieve excellent business especially when the junior administrations given powers to ensure the best achievements for the institution goals due to the fact that these administrations come into direct access with the stockholders in receiving the institution services. Thus, the administrative authorization has a positive impact in achieving the institution excellence.

The governance system contributes to identifying those responsible for delays in completing work, There are many practical applications, including delays in many joints, especially in the field of contracting, and contracting companies (local and foreign) often pay for them, This contradicts the state’s intention to simplify procedures and support the private sector as a partner in implementing the goals of the development plan, We present the topics of withdrawing the work and the procedures that follow it by withdrawing the work. After ten years, the Ministry of Planning appears to be included in the blacklist. When asked about the question, it becomes clear that the project is still as it is. Who will bear the costs of extinction and the amounts received by the contractor?And the amounts that will be allocated if the entity wants to implement it. If there was governance and follow-up in governance, we would be able to know who is negligent, the employee, the contractor, the engineer, the head of the contracting entity, In reality, the contractor bears the burden in these slow procedures by withdrawing the work and being blacklisted. Another example is a decision regarding a company\'s dues, which is effective for a specific period, The contractor submits the request within the period and delay from the administration, but the contractor is the one who bears the burden and rejects his request under the pretext that the effectiveness of the decision has expired, which may force the contractor to resort to the judiciary to file a lawsuit, Who bears the difference in the amount if he resorts to the judiciary? Who bears responsibility for the loss of his rights? If governance is applied, the tasks of each party, each employee, where the shortcomings are, and the timing for completing the work will be clear. Hence the importance of the topic and we aimed to give a summary of the importance of applying governance, which may be faced by many challenges that must be solved in order to move forward in this framework. And also sometimes decision may come to compensate the dues for a specific period, and the contractor submits a request within the period, but is surprised to receive a response to the request, since the decision has been suspended, Who bears responsibility for the loss of his rights? If he resorts to the judiciary, the amount will be double. If there was governance, the responsibilities and tasks would become clear.

The researcher attempts to explore the multiple dimensions of women\\\\'s political representation, by borrowing theoretical models that presented multiple levels and dimensions of political representation (such as the model of Hannah Pinkin and Eric Voegelin) and applying them to the experience of women\\\\'s political representation in Iraq and Lebanon, to compare the results resulting from applying the dimensions and levels of political representation. In both countries, the research came out with a main conclusion that parliamentary systems provide opportunities to enhance and support women’s representation at several levels and dimensions, especially by improving the constitutional, legal and procedural rules and frameworks (i.e. the formal dimension) and making them more responsive and supportive of women’s representation, which has direct effects. At the other levels of women’s political representation.

In this comparative study, the role of the telecommunications sector in maximizing state resources was reviewed by analyzing its performance in several aspects. The study focuses on elements such as infrastructure, services and technology, economic and social impact, as well as challenges and opportunities in the sector. The results indicate that countries that invest in developing their infrastructure and enhancing technology in the telecommunications sector achieve economic growth and an improvement in the quality of life. The study emphasizes the importance of innovation, enhancing security and user rights, and social communication in achieving sustainable benefits. Countries that continue to sustainably develop the telecommunications sector provide themselves with opportunities for long-term development. In conclusion, the study reveals that the telecommunications sector is not just a means of communication but a vital element in building societies and enhancing economies. Continuing to improve and develop this sector is considered a vital investment for achieving sustainable development and maximizing state resources.

The Ministry of Health relies on statistical data in developing its future or preventive plans, especially in the field of public health. But this data often suffers from delays or inaccuracy when it reaches the decision maker. It was necessary to find a solution by using technology in a way that simplifies the data collection process and improves its quality while at the same time ensuring that this technology complies with standards and procedures. In this research, the experience of the Public Health Department with the use of technology and its governance will be addressed by initiating the project to strengthen health information systems, which provided solutions to the aforementioned challenges with the possibility of analyzing data and imposing governance on dealing with it. The most important lessons learned from this experience and some recommendations that would ensure the sustainability, integration and dissemination of this experience were also discussed.

Rules regulations, and ceremonies for receiving and bidding farewell to officials in countries, and conferences and visits, have become the preoccupation of countries, as they are no longer what they were before the communications and technology revolution. Ceremonies have become the preoccupation and are no longer limited to those in charge of them, but are now transmitted directly through satellite channels of social networking networks, and any error is excluded. In those ceremonies, it means the occurrence of a political crisis, and the most prominent of these protocol issues is the precedence and order in Iraq as a result of the transformation of the political system in Iraq into a parliamentary system in which powers are multiplied, and therefore overlap is present in the precedence's, even though the executive authority is constitutionally superior to them.

The current research focuses on the importance of holders of higher degrees and the role of human resources management in investing in these competencies and holders of higher degrees, each according to their specialty, by assuming positions that suit their academic qualifications and working seriously and diligently to confront the challenges, which are represented by (technical, administrative, legal, technical) challenges. , social) facing this group in order to achieve the desired goals, by developing strategies capable of confronting and addressing these challenges, as the Ministry intended to create the advisory center for holders of higher degrees, which specializes in ensuring that they benefit from the expertise and competence of holders of higher degrees by providing opinions, consultations, and modern studies that The Ministry is supported by a scientific and practical approach that is appropriate and commensurate with its services provided in line with environmental developments, as the Ministry is trying hard to overcome the problems and obstacles that limit the optimal investment of certificate holders and to highlight their great role in supporting the Ministry with experience and knowledge according to a scientific approach that is compatible with the security services provided by the Ministry on an ongoing basis.

This study intends to highlight the ways in which the public and private sectors can collaborate effectively, leading to high efficiency in the completion of infrastructure projects and the reduction of state-borne costs—especially in light of the world\\\\'s swift developments and transformations. Because partnership contracts are essential to the development of large projects and the raising of investments, governments everywhere have pushed the private sector to finance and carry out these projects in order to relieve the state of liability for infrastructure projects and cut costs. This prompted governments all over the world to work together with the private sector to fund and implement these initiatives. In addition to minimizing costs, this helps the state, which owns the infrastructure projects, bear less of the financial burden of sustaining and operating them.

The aim of the research is to empower people with disabilities and special needs and create a friendly environment for them and provide infrastructure and social services that require attention and intervention by researchers, decision makers and institutions in cooperation with civil and international society organizations promote their rights, integrate them into society, and participate in all aspects of life, including social, economic, and political in a fair manner strengthening measures to facilitate access by persons with disabilities to public areas, facilities, technology, systems and services in urban and rural areas on an equal basis with others therefore, the Authority for the Care of Persons with Disabilities and Special Needs in the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs worked to address the challenges and obstacles facing this group and work to provide all the necessary components and develop their capabilities to qualify them to enter the labor market and integrate them into society In accordance with Law No. 38 . 2013, from this standpoint, this research seeks to explore and learn about the rights of persons with disabilities and Special requirements the importance of protecting and enhancing it in contemporary societies.

The research reviews the role of religious tourism in achieving economic growth, as it presents the conceptual framework for this type of tourism and reviews its direct and indirect effects. The second section deals with the challenges and opportunities facing religious tourism, including the current economies and their obstacles in Iraq. The third section focuses on designing a program to maximize the budget and provides an analysis of the tourism authority’s revenues and profits, while exploring solutions to the obstacles of religious tourism and providing recommendations to improve its situation in Iraq.

The Sustainable development topics are among the modern topics that have gained wide spread and great importance at the present time because they are linked to many scientific and humanitarian disciplines for the purpose of achieving the largest amount of necessary resources for countries at the present time and in the future, and because the communications and information technology sector is one of the disciplines with rapid development, especially after the entry into Sustainable development topics are among the modern topics that have gained wide spread and great importance at the present time because they are linked to many scientific and humanitarian disciplines for the purpose of achieving the largest amount of necessary resources for countries at the present time and in the future, and because the communications and information technology sector is one of the disciplines with rapid development, especially after the introduction of methods There is artificial intelligence in it, so the topic of the research centers on the role of the communications and information technology sector in achieving sustainable development goals in Iraq. Through the results of the research, it became clear that there is a large and important role for the communications and information technology sector in achieving most of the sustainable development goals. Therefore, we recommend starting to develop regulatory frameworks to stimulate and encourage investment in the field of information and communications technology and developing an ambitious national strategy in order to advance development efforts in the information technology infrastructure. and communications.