Academic Science Journal

Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a common, troubling, and in some cases a debilitating problem for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as well as those maintained on hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aims to assess the serum complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), and biochemical parameters levels in HD patients with CKD-aP.
The research was performed between 4th of October 2021 – 5th of March 2022 on 60 HD patients, who suffer from CKD-aP, and 30 healthy controls in Baqubah Teaching Hospital-Ibn Sina Dialysis Center. The findings of our investigation revealed that levels of C3 and C4 were significantly decreased in HD patients with CKD-aP (57.83 ± 2.91 mg/dl and 14.59 ± 0.88 mg/dl, respectively) as compared to healthy controls (110.76 ± 2.20 mg/dl and 32.02 ± 1.09 mg/dl, respectively) (P = < 0.001).
The results of this study also indicate that urea, creatinine, and phosphorus levels were significantly higher in HD patients with CKD-aP (120.95 ± 2.56 mg/dl, 5.27 ± 0.18 mg/dl,

Smart surveillance systems are used to monitor specific regions such as houses, businesses, and borders. For a long time, abnormality detection in time-series data has been a significant study area. In today\'s society, unusual conduct signifies a threat or risk to others. An anomaly is something that deviates from what is anticipated, common, or usual. The most unexpected aspect of human behavior is determining if it is dubious or normal. It is extremely difficult to continually monitor public locations. Effective monitoring methods are critical to consistently increase the demand for successful inspection of open areas, handling difficulties such as traffic congestion, and ambiguities in crowded scenes.
Handling millions of people during Hajj, intruder detection, fall detection, and so on. Raising knowledge of intelligent video surveillance technology and improving the degree of intelligent video surveillance has resulted in a reduction in data observation time. And analysis time has been reduced by half. Technology had advanced far too quickly.
When introducing machine learning, artificial intelligence, and deep learning into the system, anomaly detection methods were developed using statistical models.

The current study was carried out to examine the antibacterial and antibiofilm of local probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus retueri against methicillin resist Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates. A total of (264) clinical samples were collected from patients with different infections (wounds, burns, urine, vaginal swabs, and blood) admitted to Baquba and Al Batool Teaching Hospitals during the period from September 2021 to April 2022. The results demonstrated that 50(26. 4%) of the isolates were S. aureus distributed according to the sources as follows: wound13 (26%), urine11 (22%), vaginal swab10 (20%), blood8 (16%), and burn8 (16%). Some virulence factors were determined and the results showed; ESBL 2%, DNase 62%, gelatinase 42%, Beta-hemolysin 82%, and 2% MBL. Biofilm formation was detected by using the microtiter plate method, the results showed: the percentage of the isolates that strongly produced was 14%, moderate42%, and 44% of the isolates were weakly producer. The result showed 41(82%) multidrug resistance (MDR), 7 (14%) as extensive drug resistance (XDR), and the remaining 2(4%) pan drug resistance (PDR). mecA gene was detected in all seven isolates which formed strong biofilm where the percentage was

The study included the effect of laser parameters (wavelength, number of pulses, and laser energy) on the structural and optical properties of pure gold particles, gold alloys, and copper nanoparticles that were prepared using a nadium-type pulsed laserNd-YAG type for high purity noble elements (gold, copper, and gold alloys) in distilled water, as pure gold and gold and copper alloys were used to prepare the above colloidal nanoparticles the structural properties of the prepared models were shown. The X-ray diffraction patterns were examined. (XRD) and scanning field electron microscope, while the behavior of the ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra of the samples prepared using (UV-Vis) X-ray diffraction assays showed the prepared nanoparticles at energy 660.m J. The number of pulses is 1000. All the prepared particles were of the face-centered cubic type. The XRD results also indicated the best prevailing directionality for plane (111) for all samples prepared from pure gold and gold alloys as well as copperFESEM assays showed the prepared particles at 1000 pulses and an ablation energy of 660 diameters. Au(83.7nm,13.8,50.7,56.5,35.4nm) and Cu (60.1nm) NPs were spherical as highlighted. EDS results for Au and Cu samples showed that the purity of the Au material was 100%, and the Cu was 100%. The results of UV-Vis spectroscopy of Au and Cu NPs showed

In this research, prepared the samples in formal Co1-xNixFe2O4 ferrites nanoparticles when x,
(x = 0.0, 0.2, and 0.4), by two methods, Co – precipitation and pulsed laser deposition (PLD).
Samples prepared using Co-precipitation was calcined in (300 ºC). The resulting powder is then
compressed into a disc with a diameter of (2 cm) and then we use laser deposition technology
to obtain thin film. The x-ray spectrum shows that the pattern of the particles formed is of the
face -centered cubic and the theoretical values of the lattice constant and and crystalline size
(D) are calculated The crystalline size calculated is located in the range (22.6-26.6 nm), either
in the pulsed laser deposition method in the range (13.7-13.7nm ), which reflects the highly
crystalline nature of these nanoparticles.. The FTIR spectrum shows two absorption bands
ranging between 400 and 600 cm-1. These bands indicate that the composition of the spectrum
for all the samples is ferrite. The Field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM)
images confirmed that the preparation methods produced spherical nanoparticles with a slight
change in the particle size distribution. The average particle size by coprecipitation had
estimated to be about 23 nm and the average particle size by pulsed laser deposition (PLD)
method had estimated to be about 20 nm. The magnetic properties vibrating sample
magnetometer (VSM) had a good correlation with the structural parameters of the spinal
structure, which increased with the Ni content. Both of samples for powder and (PLD) have

In this paper, the definition of Stone-Čech defined on the discrete topological space of the natural numbers is used, which is the set of all ultra-filters on ℕ and this is the largest compact space created from space. The algebraic and topological properties of ℕ will be used to understand and study some of the algebraic and topological properties of it. We have expanded the semi-group process (ℕ,+), naturally to the Stone-Čech compactification (????ℕ,+). We use this to illustrate the structure, emphasizing on the smallest ideal ????ℕ+???? where ????∈????ℕ. We show that ????ℕ+???? containing a minimal left ideal and has the smallest ideal ????(????ℕ), which is also an ideal.

The current research was done to produce silver nanoparticles by green synthesis from Aloe vera leaf extract to evaluate the antibacterial properties against gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Acinetobacter baumannii). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the average size and form of the nanoparticles which was 55 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the Ag NPs have a spherical and smooth surface region. UV–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) was used to measure the wavelength range, which showed a sharp peak at 450 nm. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) which show the Ag NPs have three strongest peaks, the measured particle sizes were 15.4 and 18.3 and 22.1 nm. Different functional groups of biomolecules are responsible for the reduction and capping processes, as shown by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Different concentrations of Ag NPs (12.5, 25, 50 and100) mg/ml were examined against multiple drug resistance (MDR) isolates, and the results showed the highest diameter of inhibition zone against P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, E.coli, A. baumannii were (23, 22, 21 and 20)mm

In the present paper, pure polymeric blend films [PVA: PVP] reinforced by CaCl2.2H2O salt have been produced with different weight ratios (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 wt %) by using the solution casting method, where the mechanical properties such as tensile, hardness, and impact were studied. The effects of weight ratio of salt on tensile characteristics of reinforced polymeric blend films have been studied, where we note the increase in the values of the tensile characteristics that are represented by Yung modulus and the maximum tensile strength (at all weight ratios) of the reinforcement by CaCl2.2H2O salt in comparison with pure polymeric blend films [PVA: PVP] reinforced by CaCl2.2H2O salt. The impact of salt weight ratio on hardness (Shore D) of polymeric blend films was studied, and the experimental results showed that the hardness increased with an increase in salt weight ratio, as well as the effect of salt weight ratio on the impact represented by fracture energy and impact strength of the reinforced polymeric blend films, where it was found that the values of the fracture energy and impact strength increased with an increase of the salt weight ratio.

Insulin resistance syndrome refers to a group of disorders that are more common in people who are Metabolic syndrome, one of them such as dyslipidemia. Through alterations in insulin metabolic signaling and reductions in bioavailable NO, compensatory hyperinsulinemia associated with insulin resistance contributes significantly to the pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidative milieu that contributes to endothelial dysfunction and compromises endothelial integrity. Objective, this study was planned to determine level in T2DM patients, and interpretation of insulin resistance HOMA-IR with lipid profile level-Methods, sixty patients and thirty controls were nvolved for this study.
It is found that, insulin, FPG, HbA1c, lipid profile were measured for all subjects. It is found that (20.49vs.14.21μIU/ml) and HOMA-IR (12.60 vs.5.72) were significantly higher in patients as have elevated lipid levels. Serum insulin was found to be significantly higher in diabetic patients compared with healthy control group (P<0.0001). A significant high level of insulin resistance in diabetic groups when compared with healthy control. There is a negative correlation between HOMA-IR and HDL-C in diabetic patients. In patients group HOMA-IR

In the present study, pure (PVA) polymer film and films reinforced with CdCl2.H2O salt with various values of the weight ratio ((3,7,11, and 15) wt%) were prepared with use of the solution casting method. The effects of the salt weight ratio upon apparent porosity of composite films (PVA-CdCl2.H2O) was investigated, and the practical results revealed that the apparent porosity decreases when CdCl2.H2O salt’s weight ratio increases. The effects of weight ratio of salt on true density of films of the composite (PVA-CdCl2.H2O) was studied, and it was found that the true density increases with the increase in weight ratio of added CdCl2.H2O salt. The effect of weight ratio of salt on the water absorbance of the composite films (PVA-CdCl2.H2O) was also the result, and the experimental results showed that the water absorbance decreases with increasing weight ratio of the added CdCl2.H2O salt. The aim of the study is to the possibility of improving some of the physical properties of the polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) by adding cadmium chloride salt in different weight ratios ((3,7,11, and 15) wt%) by preparing films by the method of pouring the solution.

Pure and doped magnesium oxide (MgO) thin films were prepared with different volumetric ratios (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%) of zinc sulfide (ZnS) on glass substrates at (350 °C) by chemical spray pyrolysis technique. The surface topography, absorption spectrum, absorption coefficient and Urbach energy of the prepared films were studied. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) results revealed that the surface topography of the prepared films changes as the percentage of doping with zinc sulfide (ZnS) increases. The absorbance spectrometry of the prepared films was measured by UV-vis. The Urbach energy of the prepared thin films increased by increasing the doping ratios with (ZnS).

Cellulose is one of the most frequently used natural polymers. Some characteristics of Carboxymethyl cellulose polymer have been studied, which is a semi-crystalline, non-toxic material. CMC polymer is made by several methods including homogeneous Procedures and heterogeneous Procedures. It also has many applications such as its use in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics, Drilling Fluids, Manufacture, and CMC-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Wound Infections. The aim of the review is to study a Carboxymethyl cellulose polymer, know some of its properties, take an example of mixing CMC with another polymer, know its properties, identify homogeneous and heterogeneous procedures for its preparation, and take examples of part of its applications.

The titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel technique. The calcination temperature (650, 850) ∁ ° has produced the different TiO2 structures (anatase and rutile), and the effect of the calcination temperature of particles was studied. (TiO2) on the structural properties of the prepared nanomaterial. Furthermore, at room-temperature casting process was used to create a PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite with different TiO2 phases. showed the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) that a qualitative tetragonal crystal structure (antase, rutile) and scanning electron microscopy FE-SEM used to confirm the microstructure of TiO2 nanoparticles and the effect of each of the calcinations (650, 850) and weight percentages (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1 wt%) from titanium dioxide nanoparticles on electrical properties of the prepared polymeric (PVA) films. The A. C. conductivity, dielectric constant, and the influence of frequency on the value of A. C. conductivity have been investigated. The results of the electrical properties of alternate current have shown that the dielectric constant decreases with increasing the frequency of the applied field and that alternative conductivity and dielectric constantincrease by increasing the concentration of the nanoparticle.

Using an environmentally friendly and inexpensive method, AuNPs gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared using pulsed laser ablation technique (PLAL) 600,700mJ different ablation energies of a gold target immersed distilled water (DW). The size and shape of the nanoparticles were verified by examining the morphological characteristics, as they showed the value of diameters between 30-75 nanometers with almost regular spherical shapes. Solution casting technique was used to prepare CMC/PEG composite polymeric films prepared in equal weight ratios 50:50% supported with different ratios of 5,10,15 ml of AuNPs. UV-vis spectroscopy was used to calculate some optical constants such as absorbance, absorption coefficient, energy gap, and properties as thermal conductivity coefficient k for polymeric films CMC/PEG-NPs. The results showed an increase in the thermal conductivity coefficient with an increase in AuNPs, and optical examinations showed a decrease in the value of the energy gap. With the increase in the nanomaterial concentration due to the presence of voids between the polymer chains or the lack of electron transfer contribution with the accumulation of AuNPs. We notice a decrease in the energy gap by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles until it reached a value of 3.21eV at 700mJ

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen relevant to hospital acquired and community acquired such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and wound and burn. It has high levels of antibiotic resistance and capability to produce biofilm. This study included comparing among six antibiotic resistance patterns for the hospital and community acquired infections, and detected biofilm gene (mrkA). Clinical samples were collected from Teach Bagubah Hospital, Al-Batool Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital, and private laboratories in Baqubah/Diyala, Iraq. To investigate antibiotics susceptibility, the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to compare between community acquired isolates and hospital acquired isolates. Hospital acquired of K. pneumoniae were less susceptible than community acquired of K. pneumoniae isolates. Both isolates community acquired and hospital acquired were high rates of resistance for β-lactam/β -lactamase (Amoxicillin-clavulanate and Ticarcillin- clavulante). Screening and confirmation based on ESBL chromogenic agar are more sensitive than ESBL producers of the double disk synergy test, which were 30% and 60% produce- ESBLs in nosocomial acquired, and 20% and 40% in community acquired, respectively. The results of gel electrophoresis for PCR product using specific primers for mrkA gene prevalence were 83.33% and 66.6% in

Skin cancer is a very serious disease and identifying it early is therefore very important to take the appropriate treatment before the situation worsens. Melanoma cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant types in recent years because it spreads to the rest of the body quickly, it must be detected early and treated. Computer Vision in medical imaging analysis is important in the diagnosis of various diseases at many stages. These methods give a high-resolution assessment of the disease by analyzing the images digitally. The steps followed in this paper involve collecting an image dataset from a global website for skin cancer about 1500 photos of different sizes, preprocessing, segmentation using threshold, feature extraction for Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, (ABCD), etc., calculating the total of dermatoscopy score and then classification using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in the same of the stage. The results of the system display that the attained classification accuracy is 98.38%.