The Arab Gulf

Abstract:
Banu Mukram in Oman (390-433 AH / 999 - 1043 AD) Banu Mukram Iraqi family served Buwhid in the second half of the fourth century AH and Abu Mohammed bin Mukram was their president at the time .
Buwhid rewarded Banu Mukram for their services and then appointed father Mohammed bin Mukram ruler of Oman year 390 AH / 999 AD. Abu Mohammed was able to cooperate with Buwhid in Persia and Iraq to establish inherited emirate there was condemns allegiance to Buwhid and Abbasid caliphate continued until the year 433 AH / 1043 AD.
The reseach deals with the early appearance of Bani Mukram on the events in Iraq, then princes in Oman and their influence in the control influence of Abbasi there, and their relationship with Buwhid in Persia and their power in Abbasid in Baghdad, also research talks about the relationship with Abadhia in Oman and their wars against them in the first half of the fifth century AH, as well as the nature of the rule of Bani Mukram and the relationship between them on the one hand, and Abbasids on the other.

The research studies the skills that a teacher of English for specific purposes should have to be able to teach this subject successfully. The researcher also points to the difficulties that the teacher might face when attempting to teach the ESP course and the way to overcome such obstacles. This leads the researcher to test the following hypothesis: the ESP teachers should possess certain skills that enable them to teach this subject successfully. A questionnaire was distributed to ESP teachers that taught or currently are teaching ESP at the University of Basra. According to the results there were certain suggestions to improve the level of teaching this subject.

India's relationship with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Characterized with great geo strategic Importance imposed by geographical proximity, mutual economic interests, more importantly, is the mutual understanding in the strategic requirement.. this research deals with the deportation of the Geo-Strategic relations of the Gulf -India by focusing first on the statement of the importance of the Persian Gulf in the Indian strategic. The second section discusses the GCC economic relations - India, the third section deals with the future of this relationship from the geopolitical point of view and in light of the international political variables

The primary aim of this study is to determine if RP English vowels that do not have counterparts in Omani Arabic constitute learning problems to Omani adult learners ( OALs) of English, and to decide if the size of the vowel contributes negatively to vowel production as attempted by these learners. Other minor objectives are to elicit learners' of English feedback about the main oddities they have faced while studying RP English vowels, and the effectiveness of the teaching techniques used to teach these vowels. This feedback is obtained via distributing a questionnaire to forty six departmental college students who have already taken a course in phonetics.The subjects who took part in the experiment were sixteen OALs joining a college foundation programme. Forty tokens were read by the subjects where each RP English vowel is repeated twice. The results obtained were subjected to mean value and percentage analyses. As expected, non-existing diphthongs caused the major area of production difficulty, followed by non-existing monophthongs. In contrast, RP English long vowels registered little difficulty. The main strategy adopted by these learners to produce these problematic vowels was phonemic substitution. Diphthongs were replaced by long vowels while monophthongs were replaced by other equivalents.
The important findings revealed by the questionnaire are; (i) the most effective techniques that contribute to the mastery of RP English vowels are constant listening to native speakers, ear training, vowel identification drills, transcription drills, and minimal pair drills, and (ii) RP English vowels should be taught in a sequence, viz, monophthongs, dipthongs, and triphthongs.

Gulf region is in complex security position ,for overlapping of local , regional and global dimensions, and what an event or change in one of these dimensions may affect with the security of the Gulf . Today, the Gulf area lives in a real security crisis with several axes starting with the results of the change that happened in Iraq following the U.S. occupation since 2003 , and through to interventions practiced by some regional powers in the region , particularly Iran, in accordance with the policies intended to tighten control over the area , and the subsequent regional understandings between the agreement and discrepancies between them and the United States that resides militarily, economically and politically in the region , which makes the crisis in the region affect its reality and future.
As well as the effect of the Gulf will remain a concern not to be separated from the issue of Iraq because of the concern of the GCC countries about Iran's interference in Iraqi affairs , and since Iraq was and remains a deep Gulf, which means that Iran can shorten its influence to the interior of the Gulf through the gate of Iraq after its control the mind of the political authority and the Iraqi security file.
This is just the beginning of a real dilemma facing the regional security of the Gulf with the continuing repercussions of the events in Iraq after the withdrawal , and what could result from the understandings of American - Iranian about the anticipated regional of Iran in light of the balances that include group parties to form a whole system of regional security of the Gulf which is a part of the a comprehensive security system for the general area of the Middle East.

There are many factors contributed in identifying the hydrological system of Shat Al Arab stream. These factors represented in the half daily process of ebb and flew that characterize the north area of Arab Gulf, where flew steam pushed towards the top of the steam and its effect is reflected on longitudinal section of the stream then decreased toward the north. The hydrological system depended on the drainage of Tigris, Euphrates, Karun and Swaib, in addition to the other climate conditions affecting the stream. The declining of the surface also participated in determining the direction of the stream towards the south, which follow the general slope and the nature of Sedimentation of river. The detached of the soil varied in their size accordingly, there was increase in large detached in comparison with the soft one near the stream. This by its turn leads to the variety of Morphological manifestations composing banks and basins. This also played a role in forming the movement of ground water depending on water slope. Stream ability in affecting and decreasing the percentage of ground water of banks was larger in comparing it with percentage of the close basins which also caused the density of vegetation and its diversity.

This modest research attempts to deal with two magnificent matters. One of which is to shed light on unknown poet from Basra during Abbasid Era in the third century of Hijra .The poet named Abi Shera'a Elqaisy .This research ,on the first hand, serves our Arabic heritage .On the second hand ,it urges the scholars to study such neglected subjects and uncovers its truth according to an objective vision able to give the unknown poet the rank he deserves among the famous poets .The second important matter denominates the first one and proves it by studying the poetic trends of Abi Sheraa Elqaisy and examining the features of regeneration in these trends .Studying and examining these features enable us to compare this poet with his contemporary other known poets .

This study analyses the GDP structure over the period 1999-2007. It compares between the economic sectors for the duration 1999-2002 which witnessed international sanctions, as well as, the period 2004-2007. The study focused on the relationship between the commodity production sectors and services sectors. It found that the progress achieved in the service sectors is still highly related to the production sectors represented by extractive industry revenues. However, this positive relation confirms a low level of productivity and efficiency for the non-oil sectors.
The study concluded a main result which is: the continued decrease of level of non-oil economic sector for the duration 2004-2007 was higher in comparison with the first duration (1999-2002) where the Iraqi economy faced the international sanctions.

The Iranian nuclear program forms large disputable program internationally and regionally, because this program constitutes a major threat to the states of Arab Gulf and to the region alike (this is according to point of views of Arab and the U.S.A.). It is not secret to observers know what Tehran wants from this program, that is to reform its role again in the region, which was very much affected by the U.S. spreading in the Gulf War II and the occupation of Iraq in 2003, and the impacts of these wars in strategic balance malfunction by the presence of direct military forces, whether in Qatar, the UAE, or Kuwait, and previously in Saudi Arabia. Depending on this contentment, Iranian leadership has sought from the beginning to adjust the scales of justice in the region, and respond to weapons programs and the Gulf large military spending, in order to confront the great threat to their vital role in areas. So it aimed to make this program to be the vital weapon in the face of these international ambitions on one hand, and the boundaries growing danger or the enemies in the region such as (Israel), so it sought with all its power to develop its nuclear program to become the weapon that haunts the competitors and enemies alike, and alter power balance in the region.

The Palestinian issue considerd as one of the sensitive topics in the Middle East , not only at the Arab Gulf states level but also at the international level because of international and logic importance of the Middle East states . The attitude Varied toward this issue between supporters and opponents .
The research topic that I would discuss based on this point specifically what is the attitude of the Arab Gulf states toward the Palestinian issue , focusing on the differences between these countries toward the issue and to identify wether the Gulf states have a role in the Palestinian issue and how to deal with the it

The Internet become salient feature in today's world, but the language-speaking of this technique is English, which is an obstacle in the widespread use of the network in the States not speaking out, including the GCC, so they strive to spread the culture of internet use across domain names or digital content in Arabic, which facilitates access to the sites of institutions, companies, and other activities and benefit from them, especially with the orientation to e-government and e-commerce. And the localization of digital content is sometimes inadequate as to be of use Arabic title so that the Arab user access to content. The reseach reviews the evolution of the use of Arabic on the Internet in the GCC at the domain names and digital content and the proliferation of the use of the network

A civilization of any society consists of a set of high values these moral,values make man and enhance his confidence. It appearsd on urbanism , and on the behavior of society and manners. The man, who holds these values builds community because it is the basic building block in it, and to consolidate these values there must be a sacrifice, in Islamic history, a lot of men who have resigned themselves to reform society according to the meaning of honesty, ethics and altruism and sacrifice. Of these men, Muslim bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him), who lineage back to the prophet Abraham (peace be upon him).
Our research focuses on the reforming and moral role of Muslim in the revolution of Imam Hussein (Peace be upon him) this role has been demonstrated in all the circumstances of Kufa embassy . He continued his educational and moral side in both theoretical or practical side on the battlefield He is the reformer who did not want power and did not impose on people to follow him. Muslim bin Aqeel was killed as a martyr of values , died happy and proud of martyrdom.