AL- Mouhaqiq Al-Hilly Journal for legal and political science

The ministry in the parliamentary system is based on the confidence of the parliament. the prime minister who chooses the ministers and proposes them to the president of state. he does not rely on the political criterion, but there are other criteria for choosing ministers as the personal criterion, In view of the scientific progress, the technical standard has appeared and there must be conditions in the candidate for the post of minister. These conditions vary according to the constitutional systems, because these conditions are not determined away from the philosophy of the state system of government and the relationship of constitutional institutions to each other. The stage of the selection of ministers, the stage of appointing ministers, and the stage of granting confidence to ministers, and the most important stage of these stages is the stage of their selection, and decides parliamentary systems that are the jurisdiction of the Prime Minister, and most constitutions provide for this jurisdiction, The competence of the House of Representatives, and the competence of appointing ministers is usually granted by the constitutions to the president of State. The term of office of the Minister ends with the end of the term of the Ministry, whether it is a natural end at the end of its term of office or the end of its term. The term of the Ministers ends with the resignation of the Prime Minister or the withdrawal of confidence. In the form of the Council of Ministers, and may end the mandate of the Minister individually, and in several ways, including dismissal, resignation, disability, death and retirement..
the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq that the system of government is parliamentary, it came out on some of the rules of the parliamentary system in the formation of the ministry, sometimes in its text to address the issue of forming and resigning and dismissing ministers in a manner that does not conform to these rules such as not granting the Prime Minister the competence to dismiss ministers and grant this jurisdiction Of the House of Representatives, and at other times did not provide or indicate the organization of a specific matter, such as the silence of the competent authority to issue the order of appointment of ministers or the order to accept their resignations or refer them to retirement. In practice, it went contrary to the general rules in the parliamentary system in dealing with matters that were silent on the constitution.

The procedural criminal protection of minors 'funds is the formal legal texts approved by the legislator to determine the competent authorities to disclose the crimes against the minors' funds, to investigate and prosecute the perpetrators, and to determine the due process followed by those bodies, whether those provisions are included in the law of due process or in other law, Which is dependent on the minors' funds, or that it is not pending on a complaint or that the crimes are pending on a complaint, so that the criminal claim in it does not move unless a complaint is filed by the victim or his legal representative, or to be pending on the request of the Directorate of Minority Care , And the criminal proceedings arising from the crimes against the minors' funds may expire upon the realization of any of the reasons for their invocation. However, this termination is limited to the criminal case only and does not affect the civil action. Thus, the minor has the right to review the civil case. The criminal prosecution of such crimes.
We have decided to highlight the criminal protection of minors' money in the pre-trial phase in the legislation of Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and France and compare it with ethnic legislation by dividing the research into three pre-foresight, as follows:
We have devoted the first section to the study of the criminal case in the crimes against the minors' funds through two demands. In the first case, we discussed the concept of the criminal action in the crimes against the minors' funds. In the second request we set out the criminal action in the crimes against


the minors' The crimes of the minors 'property are subject to the first request for waiver and prescription. We assigned the second request for reconciliation and the victim's page. In the third section we reviewed the criminal proceedings in the crimes committed against minors' The pre-trial suit, by dividing it into two requirements. In the first case, we dealt with criminal proceedings at the stage of investigation and collection of evidence, and we explained in the second demand criminal proceedings in the preliminary investigation stage, and then concluded the research with a conclusion we devoted to the most important findings and proposals.

The International Organization the Objectives it establishes for it, through a system Comprising a group of its employees called "international staft", in addition to other groups acting on behalf of the Organization and for its calculation, After he became the International Organization a Prominent role in the international Community indispensable and the increasing number of these workers had to be a legal Organization for the job International, the employee through the exercise of his duties and is surrounded by guarantees of administrative and judicial front Organization worker has, and explains their relationship legal with it, as the relationship between General employee in the internal administrative law and the administrative system that works his service, a relationship governed by the domestic law of that organ, it is related to an Organization chart, either the employee's relationship with the Organization varied views around some of whom see it as determined by the contractual contract between the employee and the relationship If the two are Organized in equal centers legally such parties in this contract and this contract is a reference in solving everything that occurs to the functional relationship problems.
The other opinion believes that the employee's relationship with the Organization is an Organizational relationship as the interest of the Organization over the self-interest of the employee as the employee is subject to all laws and regulations for the job. The other way, it mixes the two theories, whereby the employee is in a legal situation of a very contractual and Organizational nature.

The premium bonds of topics of great importance in the work of joint stock companies, especially in the stage at which these companies huffing increase its capital for the purposes of expanding its activities by borrowing from the public by issuing loan bonds to achieve this, this premium is an effective way to ensure the company's sale of all of these bonds or the bulk of them, so the Premium bond issuance intended is the difference in value between the nominal value of the bond and the amount paid by the Subscriber any actual value has no bond, And features this premium range of characteristics, as its special legal conditioning is being deferred interest it deserves subscribed at Sindh consumption, and the other side, The premium bonds need certain conditions for issuance of which is general falls within the general concept of the issuance of the loan bonds, including what will be a special feature with this premium as there are special hand shall consider the premium shall be determined mechanism imposed in the amount of these the General Assembly and is being considered, according to the laws in force companies as normal. Has sealed us discussed this conclusion included what our findings and what we have proposed recommendations we saw promote research topic.

The scope of its work in the Procedural Service Chamber shall determine whether such acts are procedural rights or duties, and by virtue of the connection between such acts, the dispute within the Court may be settled within the principle of economy of proceedings in terms of time and expenditure, To bring together other related cases and, in accordance with the principle of the economy of the proceedings, to make conflicting provisions that are easy to implement and to resolve that dispute comprehensively from all its elements. In other words, the link between the procedural proceedings is a justice in the course of the proceedings.
If the procedural legislator is the one who monopolizes jurisdiction as the sole source of the idea of association, it is worth noting that such a link may be imposed by the legislator inevitably between procedural actions and thus neither the individuals nor the court have any role in realizing or activating its effects.
If the association is not inevitable, the legislator grants individuals or the court's power to contribute to the activation of its role to carry out its functions, which effectively ends the legal substantive rights of the parties to the case.
Given the link between procedural actions in terms of hindering the effects of false procedural action or disabling procedural penalty, and in terms of its comprehensive effect, it is possible to identify what it is and thus distinguish it from the legal ideas that may be completely different from its nature and reality.
Therefore, the study of the nature of the association in the proceedings of litigation, requires us to study in the two sections will show in the first concept of procedural link The second section will be devoted to determine the legal framework of the link.

When people are exposed to injustice and oppression, they usually demand the judgment of the law to be applied believing and anticipating it grants them their justice, but they don’t recognize that the judgment of the law may mean despotism, suppression and destruction and in the name of the law: rights, life, freedoms and possessions may be robbed dignities disrespected, wars announced, disgraceful crimes committed by the authority of the state. This may happen when the law is devoid of the concept of justice and is not based on it.

Building on the foregoing, justice is the foundation on which the state should be set up to achieve its objective i.e. public welfare- socially and individually and the laws issued according to the legislator’s will, should be lain on this basis, therefore, justice is the basis from which the laws derive their power which obligates the individuals to be committing to-by obeying the laws employed by the state. But giving obedience to a man-made law is not in all cases binding but obedience is obligatory in certain cases when the ruling system is despotic and unjust. In cases as such, it clearly appears that man-made laws are contradictory to justice as a concept and are not necessarily respectful.

The follower of the legislation that dealt with the regulation of trade competition between traders or consumer protection issues finds it in their legislative goals to achieve the main objective is to maintain the legitimacy of that competition and not to prejudice the rights of the weaker party that may be affected by the consumer but, Its legal texts in a manner in which such competition is organized and promoted by organizing the prevention of monopoly, so that monopoly appears to be the equivalent or inevitable outcome of the competition. We find it has been determined from the practices carried out by the trader and is counted within the legitimacy of competition, and what comes out of it to know monopoly practices that violate the assets and customs of good practice in the trade between traders, making it imperative to prevent inevitably to protect the other traders and consumers alike.
But the logic of the speech requires not to launch this matter on their minds, as the prohibition imposed by the law on these practices is not based on the practice itself as much as the damage that may affect the dealings with those who exercised, as a result of targeting to achieve his personal interests purely, In some cases, the damage to other traders may be an extreme practice, since the order to harm them allows those who exercised the opportunity to make a greater profit. Therefore, the search for its purpose and objectives has become a valid reason to say its prohibition or its legal permissibility. Which dealt with the issue of water Absence and monopoly prevention are exceptions wherein agreements can be reached between a group of traders on the monopoly of a good or service, provided that this is done in the interest of public interest and in accordance with certain other conditions which, if available, make certain monopolistic practices legitimate But legally protected.

Political finance and the issue of party financing occupied most important factor in both established and transitional democracies as well. And it still controversial issue, particularly in the extent to which the measures taken by countries in reducing the negative aspects associated with the use of political money , in the same time Preserving the institutional role of political party within the political system, especially in supporting political stability, free political competition, and strengthen the peaceful succession of power. In other side , the issue of political finance is the most prominent aspect of political party policies, and the survival strategies and political success of political party are largely linked to the funding policies and how the party employs the money.

The Arab Regional System (ARS), where passes in very Critical and crucial Moments, in which his Future where Facing a several Dangerous as well as a new Challenges Diverts between, Fragmentation – dis-Stability, In – Between Struggles, Weakness and in Sufficiency raised in some Countries to the Destroying Limits and in others – Countries – to the civil Wars limit.
With The Breaking of Arabic Revolution (Arab Spring), it where not acceptable That – ARS – Instruments and Institutions' Equivalent with enough Legitimacy that Enables ARS Running its Function's, and if it did, it will Raise many Suspicious Concerning its Existence Legitimacy as well as its Rights in Running the Mutual Arab Work.

There are a number of electoral systems vary according to what countries adopt from the philosophy they adopt in popular representation, such as direct and indirect election. It goes without saying that direct election is the origin because it is in line with the general principles of democracy, indirect election is an out of origin and therefore its adoption needs justifications The second system may differentiate between collective and individual candidacy. Some systems stop at the first without allowing individual candidates to stand alone. This supports the parties and the parties. Political t on the individual account, and others do the opposite to the detriment of political parties and groups, and perhaps the best systems that mix and blends between the two systems.

However, most of the legislation depends on the electoral list. Some of them adopt the list, but the list term also includes the individual system. On the one hand, we see that the list system can be derived from a list of systems that follow the type of list and are called by its name. Such as closed, open or closed lists with preferential voting.

The philosophy of inclusiveness of representation varies from country to country and from legislator to second. The legislator, who believes that there should be room for broad representation even if the segment is represented by a small number, speaks about it on the ground. Their opponents may try to confuse the public authorities between the elite that represent large political parties and entities and deprive them of small ones, and achieve this goal through the use of the majority system.