AL-Qadisiyah Journal For Administrative and Economic sciences

Abstract : The current research aims to highlight the fact that the continuous change in the industrial and production
environment requires companies to have the ability to adapt quickly and effectively to respond to these changes and
to obtain a competitive advantage in the local market. Therefore, the fractional manufacturing system is one of the
systems used to respond quickly to the changing market requirements and can be implemented successfully by
integrating technology, personnel, and modern techniques into production processes. Hence, the research problem
arises with the critical research question: What is the role of the fractional manufacturing system in achieving the
efficiency of the manufacturing system? The research was taken from the General Company for Electrical and
Electronic Industries as a community. A descriptive analysis of the research variables was conducted to identify the
arithmetic mean, standard deviations, relative importance, correlation coefficient, influence, and (Cronbach's Alpha)
coefficient, It was distributed (250) questionnaires were distributed to the staff, and (231) questionnaires were
retrieved from them by ( 15) A questionnaire was damaged, and (216) a questionnaire valid for analysis. The research
reached the most important conclusion that the fractional manufacturing system is the outcome of the production
processes for organizations to obtain the highest level of efficiency, which in turn helps in the optimal exploitation of
resources and achieving a competitive advantage.

Abstract : The current study aimed to shed light on the impact of continuous improvement in promoting sustainable
quality management, as continuous improvement indicates that it is the process by which activities that do not create
added value and activities that generate damage, such as spare time and excess resources, as well as other activities
that are not defined, are excluded. And it includes four dimensions(plan, do, check, implement). At the same time,
sustainable quality management can be defined as accelerating the adoption of best management principles, models,
and practices throughout the operations system and enabling the environment to achieve sustainable development,
whether at the strategic or operational level. It consists of three dimensions (Quality costs, social quality, and concern
for the environment). The current study focuses on associates. For this purpose, the questionnaire was adopted as an
essential measurement tool for collecting data from the sample under study, which amounted to (170) questionnaires
distributed to (170) members of the Police Martyrs Press in the Iraqi Investment Ministry of Interior. The percentage
of number of questionnaires valid for analysis was (156) questionnaires the percentage of valid forms was(92%); a
set of ready-made computer programs (SPSS vr.28 and AMOS vr.26) were used to test the primary and sub-study
hypotheses. The study reached a set of conclusions, most notably The awareness of the employees of the Police
Martyrs Printing Press of the importance of continuous improvement in the work of their printing press. The more
improvement there is, the easier it is to achieve sustainable quality management. And that the improvement processes
Continuity is considered an essential factor in modern organizations seeking to achieve sustainability. Thus, the
continuous improvement process has an essential and significant role in the Police Martyrs Press in the Iraqi Ministry
of Interior.

Abstract : The main objective of the current study is to measure the role of green supply chain management activities
(green design, green buying, green manufacturing, green distribution, green transportation) in sustainable
environmental performance (economic performance, environmental performance, and social performance) through
green brand’s intermediary role of (Green brand image, awareness toward the green brand, trust toward the green
brand, and satisfaction toward green brand) among a sample of employees of the Union Food Industries Limited in
the province of Babylon, where the sample study was (300) workers. Thus, the problem study was formulated
concerning the relationship between the variables involved in the study, which, as a result, set the objectives study,
which was represented by the hypothetical scheme. It crystallized the formulation of particular hypotheses that were
measured in the statistical package to model structural equations in the method of tiny squares (Amos.V.26), and to
analyze what was provided by study management, a set of statistical methods was used in the form of confirmatory
analysis, the Kronbach Alpha coefficient, the determining factor (R2), and the natural distribution of data. The
descriptive statistics of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and correlation coefficient, and the results study
showed a clear and vital perception of the relationship between green supply chain management, sustainable
environmental performance, and green branding. Perhaps the most critical findings study are reflected in a positive
statistically significant correlation and impact between green supply chain management, sustainable environmental
performance, and green brand, as well as the need for Etihad Food Industries to focus on using user-friendly products
to increase efficiency. This requires taking advantage of the advice and guidance provided by your suppliers.

Abstract : Study This aims to invest the mediating role of brand authenticity through its (continuity, integrity,
reliability/credibility, and symbolism) in strengthening the relationship between the brand experience (Affective
experience, behavioral experience, cognitive experience, sensory experience) and Affective commitment. The study's
central question is whether there is a significant influence relationship between the brand experience in Affective
commitment, and three main hypotheses have been developed, and several hypotheses branch out from them to
measure the level of association and influence by analyzing the relationship between these variables. The current
study attempts to achieve a primary goal based on the interpretation of factors affecting the relationship between
brand experience, Affective commitment, and brand authenticity Customers of smartphone brands were selected in
the field for the study to test their hypotheses. The questionnaire form was adopted as a primary tool in collecting
data related to the field side of the study. The sample size was (284) customers of smartphone brands, using statistical
software such as (SPSS.V.24); several conclusions were reached, the most important of which is that brand
authenticity has a role in enhancing the relationship between brand experience and Affective commitment. The study
concluded with a set of recommendations, The most important of which is the need to form Affective bonds by
linking the functional feature of the sign as a crucial Affective need that stimulates the functional need, which
requires conducting more studies and personal interviews with customers to show their true Affective feelings.

Abstract : Current search aims to test and study the level of influence of narcissistic leadership on uncivilized work
behaviors. The current search was conducted on several leaders and followers in private hospitals in the Middle
Euphrates region represented by (Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf, Holy Karbala, Babel, Al-Qadisiyah, and Al-Muthanna), as it
includes a variable Narcissistic leadership has two main dimensions (narcissistic admiration and narcissistic
competition). In comparison, the uncivilized work behavior variable has dealt with Four dimensions: (hostility,
violation of privacy, exclusionary behavior, and gossip).
The search problem consisted of several questions to identify the intellectual and applied frameworks for their
variables, diagnose the level of current search interest in them in the field, and identify the appropriate procedures by
the organization. That is, the idea of the current search revolves around the existence of narcissistic leadership that
causes the creation of negative and deviant behaviors among employees, represented in uncivilized work behaviors.
And the questionnaire form was adopted as a primary tool in all data related to the field side of the search, and the
sample size for leaders was (127), and the sample size for followers was (387) distributed in ( 22). A private hospital
in the governorates of the Middle Euphrates, with a community of leaders (176) and a community of followers
(1409).
The current search used several statistical methods in dealing with the results of the questionnaire, especially standard
deviations, arithmetic averages, and structural equation modeling with the help of statistical programs (SPSS.var.27),
(AMOS.var.26), and the results proved the validity of search hypotheses.
The research reached a set of results, including the high level of the two main variables (narcissistic leadership and
uncivilized work behaviors), significant correlations between them, and the significant impact of narcissistic
leadership on uncivilized work behaviors. Increasing uncivilized work behavior in its dimensions combined requires
the management of the researched organization to choose leaders who move away from this type of leadership. These
results are consistent with the research hypotheses.

Abstract : The current study aims to identify the role of entrepreneurial skills through its dimensions
(communication, teamwork skills, leadership skills, problem-solving skills, enthusiasm, focus on ultimate goals,
entrepreneurial creativity, creating a new project), in achieving the entrepreneurial social orientation through its
dimensions (risk-taking social, social proactive, social relations), as the problem of the study consisted of a number of
questions in order to define the intellectual frameworks variables, and then diagnosing the level of interest in it in the
field. As well as identifying the appropriate procedures by the organization, and two main hypotheses were
developed, from which several hypotheses branch out to measure the level of association and influence by analyzing
the relationship between these variables. Investors and founders in private schools in Diwaniyah Governorate were
selected in the field for the study and testing of their hypotheses. The questionnaire form was adopted as a main tool
in collecting data related to the field side of the study. The sample size was (357). Entrepreneurial social orientation,
and the study concluded with a set of recommendations.

Abstract : The current study seeks to demonstrate the impact of technological change in enhancing the role of lean
manufacturing and investing it as a strategy to improve productivity as a philosophy based on maximizing the value
delivered to the customer, which enables the organization to achieve a competitive position that will bring it success
and sustainability. The problem of the study is focused on the impact that technological changes can have in
enhancing the role of Lean Manufacturing as a development strategy to improve the productivity of the research
sample organization. This study derives its importance from the fact that it deals with a dynamic topic in an attempt
to elevate the research sample organization and enhance its position and occupy a distinct market share to reach a
leading organization. The study aimed to examine the role of lean manufacturing in order to improve factory
productivity. A questionnaire was adopted in order to accomplish the study's goals, and 137 employees from the
organization's various departments made up the sample. Two main hypothesis was formulated in line with the study's
objectives, and the researchers then used a number of statistical techniques with the help of the statistical programme
(Spss vr.24) and (AMOS vr.24) to reach at a number of conclusions, the most important of which are :The mediating
variable Technological Change (TE.CH) increased the value of the impact of the Lean Manufacturing (L.M) axis on
the axis of productivity improvement (PR.IM) by (0.585). As well as a set of recommendations, the most important of
which are: Optimal investment of the technical energies and superior skills in the productive departments and
maintaining them in a way that contributes to strengthening the position of those departments in reducing waste and
speeding up the completion of tasks.

Abstract : The current research aims at the extent to which contemporary organizations can develop the innovative
behavior of their employees through its three dimensions (idea generation, idea promotion, and idea implementation)
by possessing and developing green human capital through its two dimensions (strategic value, and uniqueness of
human capital). The current research problem stems from the following question: What is the extent to which green
human capital is employed and invested in the organizations under study to support the innovative behavior of
employees?
The workers in the Diwaniyah Agriculture Directorate represented the research community, and their number was
(150) workers. The questionnaire was used to collect data from the research sample, consisting of (127)
questionnaires valid for statistical analysis. A set of statistical methods were used, including the moderation test of
the withdrawn data ((Kol-Smi), path analysis, and multiple linear regression to analyze the data and extract the results
using statistical programs, including (SPSS vr.24; AMOS vr.24). The study came out with a set of recommendations.
The most important was the need for the researched sample to build a knowledge base encouraging workers to
present the best creative ideas to develop the organization's performance.

Abstract : The current study aimed to shed light on the impact of strategic vigilance on radical creativity according to
the perception of managers in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region, based on a significant problem that was
diagnosed with several questions, the extent of realizing the influencing relationship between variables in the field,
and to form an expressive, intellectual framework for the study, the variable of strategic vigilance adopted four main
dimensions They are (competitive vigilance, technological vigilance, marketing vigilance, and environmental
vigilance). As for radical innovation, the variable includes three main dimensions (the radical innovation of
technology, the radical innovation of markets, and the radical creativity of the business model). The opinions of
managers in private banks in the Middle Euphrates region, where the opinions of (100) managers in the mentioned
banks were surveyed, and to achieve the objective of the study, the questionnaire was adopted in collecting data
related to the variables of the study, and then analyzing it by adopting some statistical methods such as (the arithmetic
mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and coefficient of variation) and to test the scale
(Cronbach's alpha, confirmatory factor analysis) was employed. The statistical program (SPSS.V24) and the program
(Amos.V24) were used to analyze the data. A set of results were reached, the most prominent of which was the
existence of a direct and indirect correlation and impact between the variables of the study (strategic vigilance and
radical creativity), which contributed to the managers in the banks mentioned above to the importance of improving
the relationship between them. The study resulted in a set of recommendations, the most important of which is that
the study sample banks pay great attention to developing the capabilities of strategic vigilance among bank managers
so that the organization can identify its current and potential competitors to enable the organization to achieve a
competitive advantage in the market.

Abstract : In this research, we will try to address the most prominent economic concepts that describe the living
conditions of the Iraqi individual during the research period. We are looking at the changes that affect the individual
income. Through it we get to his consumption pattern and how his income is distributed among the commodity and
service groups. We also show whether the increase in income was equal or different among all individuals. What is
the effect of this variation on consumer behavior using the price index during the research period? We will be
exposed to estimating the consumption function, which is the relationship between consumption and income. Keynes
stressed that consumer spending depends mainly on the level of individual income, but other factors can affect
consumer demand. These factors are related to tastes, changes in the attractiveness of the commodity, changes in
spending on advertising, the number of residents...etc. These factors allow the consumption function to move from its
place and may affect the consumer's tendency. However, the consumer decision depends primarily on the individual's
desire associated with the available income capacity. It should be noted that some factors affecting consumer
spending other than income are difficult to integrate into the economic model for measuring the consumption
function. This is because some of these factors are usually achieved as a result of the change in the psychological
factors of the consumer or as a result of the change that occurs in the economic policies adopted by the government.

Abstract : The current study aims to reveal the role of sustainable practices of green knowledge sharing in their
dimensions (pollution elimination, protection of the knowledge environment, sustainable development) in the
competitive capabilities of (creative, marketing, financial, managerial, and human capabilities), the study attempts to
address a real problem reflected in the role of sustainable practices of green knowledge sharing in the company of
master card in Iraq in sustainable capabilities, where researchers distributed (350) questionnaire randomly to a sample
of workers in the company of master card in Iraq, The number of forms (328), or 93.71% response rate, analyzed
using the advanced statistical software (SPSS.V.28 & Amos.V.26), is a pioneer in its variables, as it addresses crucial
variables that highlight how sustainable practices of green knowledge sharing can be used to improve the
organization’s competitiveness. The study summarized a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which was the
focus of the company management on directing employees to commit to constantly examining data to get rid of
harmful and useless data, which led to the company's understanding of the importance of considering the use of big
data in the development of its internal processes.

Abstract : The current research seeks to determine the nature of the influence relationships and the correlation
between the compensation strategy in the outstanding performance at the private universities and colleges level in the
holy city of Karbala and Babil. The results of the focus on the customer, the focus on human resources, leadership,
and governance, the results of the budget, and the financial and market results). Faculty members have used a set of
statistical methods and tools in analyzing data, represented by the standard distribution test, confirmatory factor
analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling, and these methods
have been used on statistical programs (SPSS V). 25, Amos V.25) The research reached several conclusions, the most
important of which are: The interest of administrations in colleges and universities The eligibility of the research
sample in the compensation strategy in attracting faculty members and paying attention to their entitlements would
enhance their excellent performance and their superiority over competitors. The research concluded with several
appropriate recommendations, including the need to apply the compensation strategy in the researched organization
in providing employees with competence and commitment, and its adoption is beneficial within the concepts of the
changing environment and has a tangible impact on individuals and organizations.

Abstract : This study discuss the impact of monetary variables on bank credit in Iraq, where the data for the
study were obtained through the annual statistical bulletin of the Central Bank of Iraq for the period (2004-2020), and
the Autoregressive Distributed Deceleration (ARDL) method was used to measure the impact of monetary variables
and Represented by (wide money supply, interest rate on lending, inflation) as independent variables in (bank credit)
as a dependent variable, where the results of the Phillips-Perron test) for the unit root show that all variables were
stationary at the first difference, and the results of the limits test ( Bound test) indicates that there is a long-term cointegration relationship between monetary variables and bank credit, as the (LM test) test shows that the relationship
between the independent variables and the dependent variable is free from the problem of autocorrelation, while the
results of the Heteroskedasticity Test show that the residual homogeneity is constant. And it is not volatile, meaning
that the relationship is devoid of the problem of instability of homogeneity, and from the error correction coefficient
Coint Eq(-1) we conclude that (40%) of the model errors in the short term are automatically corrected to reach
equilibrium in the long term, as We conclude that monetary variables had a significant effect in the short term on
bank credit in Iraq, as well as significant (money supply) in the long term and insignificance (interest rate on lending
and inflation).

Abstract : The research aims to study the role of the interim financial reports through the standard of
international accounting 34 interim financial reports and its role in Improving the quality of financial statements
by implementing (4) of the private Iraqi banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange for 2016 and until 2020 and by
(20) view.
The search variables were measured by relying on the financial reports published for the Iraqi private banks and
through the proceeding of the approved statistical tests such as the statistical analysis procedure by adopting the
multiple linear decline form by using the statistical analysis program (EVIEWS 12)).
Among the most important findings of the research is that the international accounting standard adopts 34 financial
reports at a level that raises the improvement of the quality of the financial statements by providing adequate reports and
honest representation and that can predict future profits and also work to prevent the increase in profit paving practices and
income paving practices. The research also concluded that the value of the economic unit represented by banks in the
research sample is affected by a group of factors, the most important of which is the quality of financial statements as well as
other factors represented by internal factors: profitability, financial liquidity, the nature of the activity and external factors:
foreign currencies, exchange rates, inflation, interest rates, political and economic factors, and social cases. And based on
what is reached above, the research recommends the supervisory authorities and the authorities responsible for the financial
markets, stressing the commitment of Iraqi banks to adopt the standards as required and keep pace with the updates and
changes that occur in each criterion, as most of the sample banks did not record high levels of adoption throughout the
adoption period. Moreover, the research recommends the necessity of organizing courses, seminars, and workshops by those
with specialists on the application of international accounting standards and international financial reporting standards of
financial reports in private Iraqi banks to help them understand the requirements and develop their skills by adhering to
paragraphs and working with exceptions and alternatives stipulated for each criterion.

Abstract : The concept of control in the economic market is increasingly important due to developments in the size
and implementation of the business, the details of ownership, and the administration’s interest in internal control.
Internal control is based on the basic functions of protection from losses and risks and confirmation of employee
behavior within economic units. The financial stability of the economic unit is linked to its ability to generate profits
and increase the value of invested capital while fulfilling its short- and long-term obligations. It is necessary to define
the management performance evaluation, especially the financial performance evaluation, as it provides the
department with information and concepts that help in making investment decisions and bridge the gaps and obstacles
that may appear.

Abstract : The research aims to demonstrate the impact of financial inclusion in cash credit to the Iraqi banking sector
for the period 2010-2021, and the extent of the banking sector's ability to grant credit to finance productive projects,
to achieve sustainable economic development, through the delivery of financial services to financially excluded
groups, and their use of financial products through channels official, To reduce poverty, employ the labor force,
improve the level of per capita income, achieve economic growth, and increase the growth rates of the gross domestic
product, through the analysis of the research variables, as the research followed the deductive approach of the
theoretical side and the analytical approach And the standard for the practical side using the statistical program
(Eviews10) for the period 2010-2021, and the study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are:
low levels of financial inclusion in Iraq as a result of weak indicators of access to financial and banking services,
Despite the efforts of the Central Bank of Iraq to urge banks to move towards electronic banking, the study
recommended the intensification and dissemination of electronic payment methods and the application of more
modern systems in Iraqi banks.

Abstract : The current study aims to identify the role of entrepreneurial skills through its dimensions
(communication, teamwork skills, leadership skills, problem-solving skills, enthusiasm, focus on ultimate goals,
entrepreneurial creativity, creating a new project) in achieving the entrepreneurial social orientation through its
dimensions (risk-taking social, social proactive, social relations), as the problem of the study consisted of several
questions to define the intellectual frameworks variables, and then diagnosing the level of interest in it in the field. As
well as identifying the organization's appropriate procedures, two main hypotheses were developed, from which
several hypotheses branch out to measure the level of association and influence by analyzing the relationship between
these variables. Investors and founders in private schools in Diwaniyah Governorate were selected for the study and
testing of their hypotheses. The questionnaire form was adopted as a primary tool in collecting data related to the
field side of the study. The sample size was (357). Entrepreneurial social orientation and the study concluded with a
set of recommendations

Abstract : The current research aims to measure the retained earnings index and its reflection on financial
sustainability, which consists of financing with retained earnings as an independent variable, in financial
sustainability, which is measured through the ratios of net income to total assets (〖ROT〗_t ) and the previous year
(〖ROT〗_(t-1) ) as a dependent variable, and to determine the type of relationship between research variables in
banks, research sample And testing the hypothesis of correlations and analyzing them for the banks of the research
sample. The research problem identified the following central question: Can the retained profits of the banks improve
the financial sustainability of the research sample banks? Published on the website of the Iraq Stock Exchange for the
period (2016-2021), the sample included (15) listed banks, and the (Eviews) program was used to extract the results
of the normal distribution, descriptive statistics, the arithmetic mean, and the standard deviation. The results showed
that the indicators of funding sources impact achieving financial sustainability

Abstract : The sliced inverse regression (SIR) is a technique for lowering the dimensions in regression
applications without losing any information about the regression. Although the SIR has been demonstrated to
be an effective strategy for dealing with high dimensional situations, it has the drawback of not containing all
of the original predictors. By combining variable selection techniques with SIR, many researchers proposed
solutions to this problem. One of these techniques combined the Elastic Net penalty with the SIR method
(SIR-EN). The SIR-EN is an effective approach that does not rely on a parametric model. When the
predictors are highly correlated under sufficient dimension reduction settings. However, SSIR- EN is not
robust to outliers because it uses a loss function that is. As a result, we suggested RSSIR-EN as a robust
version of SSIR-EN for outliers in both the dependent variable and the covariates.

Abstract : Nonparametric models with multivariate are suffer from the so called curse of dimensionality. Single index
model one of the most attractive models use to overcome this problem, this model can reduce the dimensionality
with holding a lot of flexibility of a nonparametric model, that what we need in each of econometrics and
statistics. A Bayesian approach based on the asymmetric Laplace for estimation and variables selection was address
by many researchers recently. In this paper, we proposed a new Bayesian lasso for single index model based on a
scale mixture uniform. The Gaussian process prior have been considered to the nonparametric link function.
Simulation examples (with different samples size and different modes) are considered, also real data for the proposed
method show substantial improvements compare the other methods.