Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research

1

Dhyaa Ab. Abood

Pages: 181-193 English

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Abstract

The current study was aimed to investigate the development of testis during prehatching
periods to diverse the components of the testis in duck embryo from embryonic
day 5 to 19 consequently; fifteen males' of mallard ducks embryos have been used. The
results showed that development of testis has divided into two periods: the first one was
the period of undifferentiated gonad (genital ridge) while the second period was the
development into a testis which showed various stages. The undifferentiated stage has
revealed of development a small protruded thickening of germinal epithelium and
primordial germ cells on the ventromedial surface of the mesonephros and dorsal
mesentery.The development periods has showed three stages: development of rete cords,
sexual cords,primary somniferous tubules and Sertoli progenitor cells at the 8-10th day
embryos. During 14th day old embryo was revealed of development immature
somniferous tubule, tunica albuginea and testicular capsule. While the period of 19th day
embryo showed that development of interstitial cells and thin septa from tunica
albuginea, .in addition to marked division of spermatogonia cells. Size of left testis was
larger than the right one also the epithelial layer of left gonad is thicker than that covering
the right gonad.

Keywords

Germ cells Mallard duck Seminiferous tubule.

14

STUDY OF AMERICAN COCKROACH ALLERGY DISTRIBUTION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SOME HLADQ AND - DR ALLELES IN ATOPIC PATIENTS IN BASRAH PROVINCE / IRAQ

Huda K. Kareem, Fawziah A. Abdullah, Dhia K. Kareem

Pages: 209-227 English

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Abstract

Ninety six for each healthy(n=96)and atopic,(n=96)individuals duals from the
same geographical region, paired by sex and age, their sera specific IgE antibodies
were estimated by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay test (ELISA) and genotyped
by polymerase chain reaction based onHLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604
andHLA-DRB1*12.
The specific IgE based on ELISA results revealed that Out of 96 only59
(61.5%) of atopic patients were sensitive to CR allergen. The association between
sensitivity to CR allergen and age was considered to be not statistically significant
(P>0.05).However the higher rate of CR allergens sensitivity(62.9%) was observed in
first age group(<45 year) of atopic patients. In contrast the effect of sex on
sensitivity to CR allergens was considered to be statistically significant (p<0.05) and
the higher rate of sensitivity(75.6%) was observed in atopic patients males.
The overall differences in the HLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 and HLADRB1*
12 alleles frequency between patients and controlswerestatistically
(p<0.05).According to the results of risk factors statistical analysis values(p:value = 0.0001;
OR:84.3481; CI 95%: 5.065- 1404.520) HLA-DQB1*0602 allele was associated with
susceptibility of patients to the CR allergy.
The overall differences in the HLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 and, HLADRB1*
12 alleles distribution between atopic patients and controls were statistically highly significant (p<0.01) concerning the effect of the age and sex. In general the allele HLADRB1*
12 was not observed in both atopic patients and controls in contrast HLADQB1*
0602 was present in atopic patients only while HLA-DQB1*0604 appeared in
both patients and controls with different frequencies The older atopic patients showed
higher frequency (61.8% ) for the HLA- DQB1*0602 allele . In contrast higher
frequency of HLA- DQB1*0604 allele occurred in younger patients(40.3%) .
According to sex ,the higher frequency of HLA-QB1*0602allele was observed in
males patients(31.7%)while the allele HLA-DQB1*0604 higher frequency(17.9
%)was observed in the females of the control group.
The overall frequency of HLA-DQB1*0602(60.4%)orHLA- DQB1*0604(39.6%)
as a single allele was observed in the seropositive or seronegative atopic patients.
The seropositive showed higher frequency(35.6 and 15.3%) for HLA- DQB1*0602
and HLA- DQB1*0604 respectively.

Keywords

(ELISA) Allergy. IgE antibodies

Abstract

ستة وتسعون شخص لكل من مرضى الحساسیة ومن الاصحاء من نفس المنطقة الجغرافیة قسموا الى
في مصولھم بواسطة اختبار الممتز IgE مجموعتین اعتمادا على الجنس والعمر وقدرت الاجسام المضادة
HLA-DQB1*0602,HLA- المناعي المرتبط بالانزیم واستخدم تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل المعتمدعلى الالائل
في تنمیطھم الجیني. DQB1*0604,HLA-DRB1*12
الخاص اساسا لھان IgE الذي یتخذ (ELISA) كشفت نتائج اختبار الممتز المناعي المرتبط بالانزیم
61.5 ) منھم فقط متحسس لمستارجات الصرصر. ان الربط بین %) من مجموع 96 مصاب بالحساسیةكان 59
مع ذلك لوحظت اعلى نسبة .(P> التحسس لمستارجات الصرصر والعمر لم یعتبر ذو معنویة احصائیة.( 0.05
45 >).على العكس من ذلك year) تحسس (% 62.9 ) لمستارجات الصرصر في مرضى الفئة العمریة الاولى
ولوحظت اعلى نسبة (p< اعتبر تاثیر الجنس على التحسس لمستارجات الصرصر ذو معنویة احصائیة( 0.05
DQB1*0602,HLA- تحسس(% 75.6 ) في الذكور من مرضى الحساسیة.كان الاختلافالشامل لتردد الالائل
اعتمادا على قیم .(p< بین المرضى والسیطرة ذو معنویة احصائیة( 0.05 HLA-DRB1* و 12 DQB1*0604
(p:value = 0.0001; OR:84.3481;CI95%: نتائج التحلیل الاحصائي لعوامل الخطورة- 5.065
بقابلیة المرضى للاصابة بالحساسیة للصرصر .كان HLA-DQB1* 1404.520 ارتبط الالیل 0602 )
HLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 and, HLA- DRB1* الاختلاف الكلي لانتشار الالائل 12
عند اخذ تاثیر العمر والجنس بعین (p< بین مرضى الحساسیھوالسیطره ذو معنویھ احصائیھعالیھ( 0.01
في كل من مرضى الحساسیھوالسیطره وعلى HLA- DRB1* الاعتبار.بصوره عامھ لم یلاحظ الالیل 12
HLA- في مرضى الحساسیھ فقط بینما ظھر HLA-DQB1* العكس من ذلك وجد الالیل 0602
في كل من مرضى الحساسیھ بترددات مختلفھ.اظھرالمتقدمین بالسن من مرضى الحساسیھ DQB1*0604
HLA- على العكس من ذلك اعلى تردد(% 40.3 )للالیل HLA-DQB1* اعلى تردد( % 61.8 )للالیل 0602
HLA- ظھرت في صغار السن من المرضى. اعتمادا على الجنس لوحظ اعلى تردد للالیل DQB1*0604
في HLA-DQB1* في ذكور المرضى(% 31.7 )بینما لوحظ اعلى تردد(% 17.9 )للالیل 0604 QB1*0602
HLA- 60.4% ) او )HLA-DQB1* اناث مجموعة السیطرة. لوحظ التردد الكلي لكل من 0602
39.6% )كألیل مفرد في مرضى الحساسیة ذوي المصلیھ الایجابیة او السلبیة.اظھر المرضى )DQB1*0604
HLA- وHLA-DQB1* ذو المصلیة الایجابیة اعلى نسب التردد( 35.6 و 15.3 )الألیلات 0602
على التوالي.

15

EPIZOOTIC LYMPHANGITIS IN DROUGHT HORSE OF BASRAH PROVINCE, ((A CASE REPORT ))

Kamal M.Alsaad, Mohammed A.Y.AL-Amery, Rahman K.Muhsen

Pages: 228-232 English

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Abstract

Epizootic lymphangitis is a chronic ,contagious, disease of horses, donkeys and
mules which can infect humans, characterized clinically by a pyogenic , ulcerative,
and generalized spreading pyogranulomatous, multifocal dermatitis with
lymphadenitis , and a cord like appearance of the subcutaneous lymphatic vessels
(lymphangitis) were detected (1). It was seen commonly in the extremities along front
and hind legs , chest wall ,belly and the neck, Moreover , it can also be detected as an
ulcerating conjunctivitis of the palpebral conjunctiva with excessive ocular serious
discharge , or rarely as a multifocal pneumonia(2) . The organism might also invade
open fresh or non fresh lesions including ruptured strangles abscesses and male
castrated wounds(3).The disease were also been called pseudofarcy or
pseudoglanders, Moreover another synonym is Equine Histoplasmosis,
Histoplasmosis Farciminosi, African Farcy, Equine Blastomycosis, and Equine
Cryptococcosis. which may be a more accurate name for the disease (2).
The disease were results from infection by a dimorphic fungus, Histoplasma
capsulatum var. farciminosum. Which were also know as
Cryptococcus farciminosis, Zymonema farciminosa and Saccharomyces
farciminosus.(1) The organism exists as a yeast in animal tissues and a saprophytic
mycelium in the environment , In addition the disease were also reported in camels,
cattle and dogs, Furthermore experimental infections have been established in mice,
guinea pigs and rabbits (2).
The mode of transmission of the disease is not well established Nevertheless, Direct
contact with infective materials through injured skin or through cutaneous abrasions is
the most common mode of infection However, the injured skin is either infected
directly by contaminated pus, nasal or ocular discharge or indirectly by soil or
contaminated harnesses, grooming instruments, feeding and watering utensils, wound
dressings or flies(4). It is also believed that ticks may play a good role in the transmission of this agent (2).The conjunctival form of the disease is thought to be
spread by flies of the Musca or Stomoxys spp.(1).
The disease is more common in the tropics and subtropics regions, than in temperate
areas (2).It have been shown that warm, moist conditions always allow the organism
to survive in the soil for months , Furthermore , the disease were mostly sporadic,
However The incidence will become high only when large numbers of animals
population were collected together such as seen in military situations or congregation
for racing, in addition mortalities were low(4).The purpose of this paper were to
describe a clinical case of Epizootic lymphangitis in drought horse in Basrah, Iraq .

Keywords

conjunctiva. Dermatitis lymphangitis

16

EVALUATION EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF AZADIRACHTAINDICA(NEEM) SEEDS OIL AS A BOTANICAL PESTICIDE TO ELIMINATE THE PARASITE OF Hyalomma spp IN COWS

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Abstract

Investigations of the proteolytic Gram Negative Psychrotrophs(GNP) bacteria was the
basal objective of this study. A conventional diagnostic PCR technique based on three
pairs of primers including SerAgeneto amplify an 950 bp fragment of Acinetobacter
sppDNA,serAgene for/A. hydrophila ( 650bp): and aprgene for/S. marcescens (500bps)
was done.In the present study the 29 bacterial isolates obtained from 100 cows raw milk
samples were collected randomly from healthy cows with different age and breed present
in different farms of Thi-Qar province, previously refrigerated for 72 hr. These isolates
subjected to cultural-based enrichment and PCR- based identification .The present results
revealed that the raw milk GNP contamination overall ratio was 29% . Acinetobacter spp
were the most predominant bacteria (16%) among the studied GNP contaminants, while
A.hydrophila appeared in a ratio of 7% and S. marcescens showed the lower ratio ( 6%).
,the results of the studied genes product of GNP bacteria was considered to be highly
statistically significant (P>0.001).The distribution of studied GNP according to age
,parturition number and breed of studied animals was investigated. The effect of these
factors on the PCR-based identification results was considered to be not statistically
significant(P>0.05) however, the higher overall ratio(29.1%) for cow raw milk
contamination was observed in raw milk of cows between <3 - < 9 year of age. In
general cows at first age group (<3 - < 9 year) showed high ratio of raw milk
contamination(7.6 and6.3%) with GNP bacteria (Serratia marscense and Aremonase
hydrophila respectively)..Concerning the number of parturition, cows with high numbers
of parturition( ˃ 6-<12) showed high overall ratio(38.5%) of contamination also high
ratio of Acinetobacter spp(23.1%) ,Aremonase hydrophila(7.7%) and Serratia marscense (7.7%) were observed in the same group of cows. According to breed, a high overall ratio
of GNP bacterial contamination was observed in 40% of crossbred cow raw milk
followed by Friesian cows(32.1%).Beside that raw milk of crossbred cows showed a
high ratio of contamination with Acinetobacter spp (20%) and Aremonase
hydrophila(13.3%) while Serratia marscense appeared as a higher contaminant in
Friesian cows raw milk with the ratio of its contamination was10.7%.

Keywords

GNP . Gram negative raw milk

Abstract

تقصي عن الجراثیم السالبة لصبغة غرام والمحبھ للبروده كان الھدف الأساسي لھذه الدراسة .لتحقیق ھذا
للجراثیم السالبة لصبغة غرام والمحبھ للبروده ، DNA الھدف وتأكید وجود الحامض النووي منقوص الأوكسجین
لتضخیم قطعھ من SerA انجزت تقنیة تفاعل سلسلة البلمرة التقلیدي المعتمد على ثلاثة أزواج من البادئات تتضمن
serA/A. 950 و bp بحجم Acinetobacter spp لبكتیریا DNA الحامض النووي منقوص الأوكسجین
500 . في ھذه الدراسة تم الحصول bps بحجم apr/S. marcescens 650 و bps: بحجم hydrophila
على 29 عزلھ بكتیریةمن عینات الحلیب الخام لمئة بقره التي جمعت بصورة عشوائیة ومن مختلف الأعمار
والسلالات في مناطق مختلفةمن محافظة ذي قار والتي سبق تبریده لمدة 72 ساعھ أخضعت ھذه العزلات للتشخیص
المعتمد على مزارع الإغناء وتفاعل سلسلة البلمرة.كشفت النتائج الحالیة عن ان النسبة الكلیھ لتلوث الحلیب الخام
بالبكتریا السالبة لصبغة غرام والمحبھ للبروده كانت % 29 .ومن بین البكتریا السالبة لصبغة غرام المحبة للبرودة
الأكثر سیادة. Acinetobacter spp الملوثة لعینات حلیب الأبقار الخام كانت بكتریا
اقل النسب (% 6 ).اعتبرت نتائج لمنتجات الجینات قید الدراسة للبكتریا السالبة A.hydrophila 16% )بینماأظھرت )
.(P> لصبغة غرام المحبة للبروده في الحلیب الخام للأبقار ذات معنویھ إحصائیة عالیھ.( 0.001
تم استقصاء انتشار البكتریا السالبة لصبغة غرام المحبھ للبروده في حلیب الأبقار الخام اعتمادا على العمر وعدد
الولادات والسلالة للحیوانات قید الدراسة. اعتبر تأثیر ھذه العوامل على نتائج التشخیص المعتمد على تفاعل سلسلةالبلمرة غیر معنوي إحصائیا( 0.05
3> سنھ. بصوره عامھ أبقار - < السالبة لصبغة غرام المحبھ للبروده قید الدراسةاذ لوحظت في حلیب الأبقار بعمر 9
3>) سنھ أظھرت اعلى نسبة لتلوث الحلیب الخام (% 7.6 و% 6.3 ) ببكتیریا السالبة - < الفئھ العمریةالأولى( 9
على التوالي. Aremonase hydrophila و(Serratia marscense لصبغة غرام المحبھ للبروده قید الدراسة
6) اعلى نسبھ(% 38.5 ) تلوث ˃ -< فیما یتعلق بعدد الولادات أظھرتالأبقار ذات العدد العالي من الولادات( 12
ببكتیریا السالبة لصبغة غرام المحبھ للبروده وكذلك لوحظت في نفس المجموعة من الأبقار اعلى نسبھ من
Serratia marscense و Aremonase hydrophila( و(% 7.7 Acinetobacter spp(23.1%)
7.7% ). اعتمادا على السلالة لوحظت اعلى نسبھ للتلوث ببكتیریا السالبة لصبغة غرام المحبھ للبروده في % 40 من )
حلیب الأبقار الخام المضربة تلیھا أبقارالفریزیان % 32.1 . بالإضافةإلى ذلك فان حلیب الأبقارالمضربة الخام اظھر
بینما ظھرت Aremonase hydrophila , Acinetobacter spp( أعلى نسبة تلوث(% 20 ) ببكتریا(% 13.3
. كأعلى ملوث لحلیب أبقار الفریزیان الخام وان نسبة تلوث التلوث بھا كانت .% 10.7 Serratia marscense

Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research

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