AL-Qadisiyah Journal For Administrative and Economic sciences

The main purpose of the current study is to identify the effect of top management team behavioural integration in achieving the effectiveness of strategic decisions. This study depended on some private universities and colleges as a sample. The problem of the study was formulated through several questions regarding the relationship between the variables and their nature, where, accordingly, the objectives of the study were determined. The objectives were represented by the hypothetical scheme, which resulted in the formulation of the hypotheses that were measured through the statistical package (SPSS.V.26 & AMOS.V) 25). This program is related to the analysis of the data provided by the study tool after its application to a sample of (146) university leaders. To analyze the data, several statistical equations were used, which resulted in (arithmetic averages, standard deviations, relative importance, structural equation modelling, normal distribution test, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination). The results showed that there statistically significant correlation between the behavioural integration of the top management team and the effectiveness of strategic decisions.

Th p rpo of th c rr t t dy to t dy th c tom r’ xp r c a d t mpact o at fact o , r -purchase, and verbal speech in the health sector. The design of the study depends on the descriptive method by adopting a special scale built in the light of previous research and studies. The scale of the experiment involved both dimensions (verbal experience and emotional experience). The study tried to answer the main question which is wh th r “th c tom r' xp r c ca ach v a po t v r po e by the customer through satisfaction, re-purchase, and word of mouth.About (230) questionnaire forms were distributed to patients in hospitals in the Middle-Euphrates area, (225) of which were properly filled out. The study used a set of statistical tools like (arithmetic means, standard deviation, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and T and F test) for testing the study hypotheses. The study reached a group of r t , th mo t mporta t of wh ch ar th pat t ’ p rc pt o of th r cc f xp r c with the hospital contributes in enhancing customers' motives to reassure hospital services and generates future intentions to limit h a th d a g w th th am ho p ta a d ach v th pat t' c tom r’ compr h v at fact o . I t ght, the st dy r comm d d that th t d d ho p ta ho d ach v th pat t ’ at fact o o th h a th xp r c general, and that requires them to provide the patient with convenient services that meet his/her needs and requirements. This requires continuous surveys for patients concerning their convictions about services and satisfaction with the hospital and its medical staff, communication with customers and encouraging them to provide feedbacks concerning the level of services, and provision of proposals for future development.

The current study seeks to identify the impact of electronic service quality through its dimensions (system availability, privacy, efficiency, fulfilment), on customer satisfaction as a dependent variable, through the mediating role of the technology acceptance model through its dimensions (perceived benefit, perceived ease of use, trend towards use, behavioural intentions) for customers of e-shopping sites. The problem of the study was the possibility of explaining the relationship between the quality of electronic service and the quality of electronic recovery in customer satisfaction, while the study’s goal was to verify the correlation and influence between the study variables. The study sample included (283) customers of electronic shopping sites, and to achieve the goal of the study, a questionnaire was adopted to collect data related to the study variables, and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted in the study, and then analyzed by adopting some statistical methods such as (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, simple and multiple regression coefficients) using a statistical program such as (spss.v.24) and (Amos.v.24) program to test the scale, (alpha Cronbach, factor analysis) was employed

The study's main objective is to diagnose the nature of the relationship and impact between the perceived justice of educational services recovery systems and Brand Equity. From the main objective, several goals emerged and two main hypotheses were derived from which sub-hypotheses emerged that were subject to statistical tests. The study community was the private universities/colleges in Iraq while the study sample was the private universities/colleges in the Middle Euphrates provinces. (255) questionnaires about the perceived justice for the educational services recovery systems and the brand Equity which were given to students. To process the data, many statistical methods were used, the most highlighted of which are (arithmetic mean, standard deviation and simple correlation coefficient) and depending on that, the number of searching consultations was determined to be the boundaries of the study as the following:
1. Does the university/college management have a futuristic vision about the extent of a perceived justice reflection on the Brand Equity?
2. Can the perceived justice for the educational services recovery systems lead to achieving the best results in improving brand Equity?
3. What is the nature of the correlative relationship and impact between the perceived justice of the educational services recovery systems and the Brand Equity in the studied organizations?
The study was also built on a hypothetical schema based on the anchors of the study’s problem and objectives. Several statistical methods were used to test its schema, these methods facilitate access to the study attitudes and the study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that workers are aware of the existence of the perceived justice of the educational services recovery systems in their different dimensions on the worksite, that leads them to be integrated into the organization, their commitment and their job satisfaction, and even their psychological health stabilization with no intention to leave the organization.

The current research seeks to prove the possibility of evaluating the sustainable manufacturing system in the North Diwaniyah Diesel plant using the sustainable value stream map, and how it can contribute to improving the performance of the station case study and reducing pollution in its operations, by understanding the sustainable manufacturing system in terms of methods and practices used in its application as A modern and contemporary administrative entrance, and what this system reflects from the important aspects represented in reducing the pollution processes occurring in the station’s activities, case study, and improving the performance of its operations, in a way that contributes to the elimination of harmful environmental waste and by highlighting the sustainable value stream map in the station case study.
Focusing on the environmental issue and trying to protect the environment is crucial and thus sustainability became attractive concepts in the industry and manufacturing system during these years. In recent years, the concept of sustainability has gradually developed and begun to gain international attention. An environmentally friendly product and completely sustainable manufacturing system helps the organization reduce the use of materials and enhance the competitiveness of the business. In other words, sustainability is a weapon used to help organizations perform well, not only environmentally, but also socially and economically.

This study aims to measure the relationship between organizational ambiguity and organizational entrepreneurship and organizational success and with a practical approach in Asia Insurance Company. Research literature and studies indicate that organizational ambidexterity variables are related to organizational entrepreneurship and organizational success.
A questionnaire consisting of 31 questions with a five-point Likert scale is used to collect data. First, the questionnaire from the perspective of experts, from Content validity comment confirmed. Then the validity of the structure was performed using the confirmatory factor analysis technique. The value of AVE of all variables was higher than 0.5 and convergent validity was confirmed. To measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability were calculated. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.889 Was calculated and the CR value of all variables was above 0.7. Therefore, the reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated as desirable. The statistical population of this research includes all employees of Asia Insurance Company with 270 people and the questionnaire was given to 160 employees by simple random sampling. Structural equation modelling techniques and LISREL software were used to test the research hypotheses. organizational ambidexterity affects the organizational success and organizational entrepreneurship.
Exploratory innovation affects the organizational success and organizational entrepreneurship. Extractive innovation (exploitation) has a positive and significant effect on organizational success and organizational entrepreneurship. Keywords: organizational ambidexterity, organizational entrepreneurship, organizational success, Asian insurance

The research aims to study the processes of knowledge management and its impact on the classifications of leadership skills in the General Company for Iraqi Cement by selecting a group of managers in the company.
In order to analyze the results of the research, find out the correlation and measure the impact, the statistical program (SPSS) was adopted.
Among the most important conclusions obtained: There is an impact of knowledge management processes in the classifications of leadership skills, as it was found that there is a correlation between knowledge management processes and classifications of leadership skills, and with regard to the research recommendations, attention must be paid to the strategic vision of the company and ways to implement it, and knowledge management processes must be applied And develop them continuously because of their effective contribution to administrative leadership skills.

The primary purpose of this study is to test Fama-French model in comparison with traditional model. To achieve objective of study, Iraq Stock Exchange was selected as an application sample, reflecting sample of study in mixed industrial companies, which consisted of twelve companies. (Al-Mansur Pharmaceutical Company, Carpet and Mattress Company, Baghdad Packaging Materials Company, Baghdad Gas Beverage Company, Iraqi Tiger Manufacturing Company, Crescent Industrial Company, Chemical Industries Company, Canadian Veterinary Vaccine Company, Iraqi Engineering Works Company, Khazar Construction Company, Ready Clothing Company and Iraqi Car), The corporate study period was limited between 2011-2017, indicating that study period was seven years, and in order to extract results in light of data drawn from Iraq Stock Exchange, study sample used a set of important indicators in financial analysis, which were: (beta-stock factor, expected rate of return, company market value, book value to market value factor, profitability factor, net income, number of shares and investment factor), So study came up with a set of findings, most notable of which was fact that Chemical Industry Company was characterized by its high risk by inversion of beta-stock coefficient, which appeared to be higher than market risk, reflecting high sensitivity of share's return to change in market purse returns.

The interest that the world has witnessed in the aspect of investing in education, because of its great impact and the basis for progress, success, development and economic growth, and also as a result of the need for skilled human labour and the ability it provides in harnessing resources and then effectively contributing to increasing production and reducing costs, and given the importance of the subject, The most prominent concepts of investment in education and its relationship to economic growth were discussed, to improve the quality of work by investing in the education of individuals and developing their capabilities, because individuals represent a real wealth that can be distinguished between nations, and after development standards have become focused in the form of human beings On this basis, the education sector was dealt with, and to identify its role and the extent of its contribution to sustainable economic growth.
When we look at Malaysia’s experience and follow it in this field, we see that it is many efforts to invest in the education sector to improve indicators of sustainable economic growth that is largely dependent on renewable resources and to exploit this in developing human and national energies, and its transformation over the past three decades from a country that specializes in Producing primary commodities and exporting them to a country with rapid growth and knowledge-based economy, and its development of many strategic plans in the education sector and making great strides in this field and its development to advance the Malaysian economy.

Oil represents one of the main sources of energy, is an economic commodity with an unstable price, subject to many economic and non-economic factors that control this market, such as political, environmental and climatic factors, conflict of interests between consumers, producers, oil companies, expectations, speculation, and others.This research is concerned with studying the factors affecting the prices of crude oil in global markets, with a presentation of the trends of development of crude oil prices during the period (1980-2019) in the global market, as this market moves according to the law of supply and demand for crude oil.
The research aims to know the most important factors affecting oil prices and the fluctuations that it went through and the trends of its development during the period 1980-2019. Among the most important conclusions that have been reached, is that crude oil prices have been characterized by fluctuations due to their impact on economic and non-economic factors and as a result of the methods followed by oil companies and OPEC, expectations and speculation, which was reflected in the state of balance between supply and demand for this strategic commodity.

The research aims to measure and analyze the impact of oil shocks on the GDP of the second largest oil economy in OPEC, in the short and long terms. The period (1970-2020)covered all the positive and negative oil shocks to which the global economy was exposed. And by describing a standard model of the oil shock and measuring its impact on IRAQI GDP, using the methodology of boundary testing and the ARDEL model, after testing the time-series free from the unit root, as well as analyzing the oil shocks through the Impulse Responsible Function. The results contradict the hypothesis of the existence of a positive relationship to oil shocks on the gross domestic product and the explanation for the fact that the impact of negative shocks is greater than positive shocks, as well as wars, international sanctions, and internal shocks that the economy was exposed to during the research period.

The tools developed for the Central Bank of Iraq are among the most fundamental changes that have occurred in the Iraqi economy, especially after the Central Bank obtained its independence in accordance with Law (56) of 2004. After which it assumed the right to issue instructions in line with the requirements and to move towards a market economy. Despite the great importance these tools and their role in achieving stability in the monetary and financial system, but the Central Bank management faced many challenges and difficulties, especially concerning the deteriorating security conditions, political pressures and instability in exchange rates, which affected in one way or another the speed of effectiveness of the tools used. In this regard, the research came to show if there is a co-integration relationship between the tools developed for the Central Bank of Iraq and the exchange rate for the period 2004-2019. To achieve this goal, the ARDL model used to show the effect of the existing deposit and lending facilities on the exchange rate, to prove the research hypothesis that (the tools developed for the Central Bank of Iraq have positive and other effects negative on the exchange rate). As well as the use of the expanded (Dickey-Fuller) test, and accordingly the research reached a set of results. The most important of them is that the existing deposit facilities tool was able to hold the largest possible amount of public deposits to control the money supply, reduce inflationary effects, and thus achieve stability in the exchange rate in the event of economic prosperity. The study has found that the new tools (existing deposit and lending facilities) explain about 69 % of the changes in (EX), the studied variables are free from the autocorrelation problem and the instability of homogeneity of variance according to the (LM Test) and Heteroscedasticity Test because the probability value of F and the probability value of (Chi-Squared) are insignificant values greater than (0.05). The research also presented a set of proposals, the most important of which is that the success of the central bank's policy in maintaining the stability of the exchange rate requires that guidance directed towards developing and revitalizing the real sector through high coordination between economic policies within a well-studied program to achieve economic growth.

The Financial revenues of A Country are usually limited to The Export Earnings of its Natural resources ‚which are Characterized By Low flexibility to the outside World ‚ Which makes it Occupy a major Position in the Structure of its Exports to its trading Partners ‚ The Best Example of this is the Iraqi Economy which is a model for a Country that occupies Oil revenues from its Total Export about 99% ‚While No Revenues from other Sources Both represent a very small percentage. Despite Iraq’s possession of Economic fields That can contribute at a good rate to The annual government revenues‚ Foremost of which is the advancement of The Commodity sectors (agriculture and industry)and productive sectors such as Religious tourism or control over Iraq’s airspace as a strategic corridor for aircraft in addition to controlling the official border crossings‚ and informality‚ While Implementing Economic reforms and eliminating financial and administrative

The study aimed to demonstrate financial sustainability and its impact on economic performance in Iraq for the period (2004-2019), based on the most important data that determine the extent of the impact of the most important indicators of financial sustainability and their impact on the most important variables of economic performance, which is (economic growth), as the researcher the descriptive approach, in order to identify the basic concepts of financial sustainability, which means, that achieving sustainability does not mean that the state’s revenues must cover its expenses, but rather allows the state to borrow to cover the budget deficit, but within a prerequisite, which is the ability to meet the repayment of those debts. Thus, the study reviewed the most important of those International indicators of financial sustainability and then applied to the Iraqi economy to know the financial situation of the country, and the relationship between indicators of financial sustainability and economic growth of Iraq was analyzed. And not to rely on a single productive resource, regardless of its nature and its importance, and it must be directed towards financing investment spending for economic projects, and diversifying Resources, productive sectors and investments that will avoid public debt and reduce waste in foreign reserves, in order for the economy to reach the desired goals of economic stability and financial sustainability.

The consolidation of foreign relations in the economic field has become one of the most important goals that most countries of the world seek to achieve which called for the interest of these countries in economic diplomacy in general and in the field of trade exchanges in particular, which is the backbone of economic activity. Therefore, in our research, we try to shed light on the importance of economic diplomacy in the growth and development of China's foreign trade and the impact of these relations on the growth of the global economy.

The study aims from the research to analyze the contribution of tax revenues to public revenues. And by using scientific and technical methods in calculating the tax indicators under study. And standing on the obstacles (challenges) and tax reform proposals that enhance the effectiveness of taxes in financing the public budget.
The results of the study indicated that the contribution of tax revenues to public revenues was very small. Where the results of tax indicators during the study period of tax capacity amounted to (3.23%) and here indicate the presence of untapped capacity, that is, the possibility of adding new taxes. While the total average tax burden amounted to (4.17%) it is noted that it is lower than the percentage specified for developing countries by the International Monetary Fund. And it recorded the total average income elasticity for taxes (7.73 per cent) and indicates an inflexible tax structure. The study showed the necessity of tax reform as well as adopting more effective taxes to increase tax revenue and its reflection on the public budget.

Green technology is a modern concept that has received the attention of many countries because it has influenced people's perception of the importance of the environment and the negative impact they leave on it and the result of the irrational use of their resources, so this technology has the potential to improve environmental performance and reducing the negative effects of human activity, which will contribute to promoting sustainable development by encouraging and stimulating the production and use of clean energy, buildings, green, and transportation Green, waste recycling ... etc.
The research aims to find out the developments in green technology indicators and their most important applications in the UAE and how they contributed to promoting sustainable development, and the analytical approach has been used to achieve the research objectives One of the most important findings of the study is that the UAE has come a long way in using modern technologies in many areas such as health, education, energy and transportation, and has seen many studied indicators rise significantly.

Iraq is one of the rentier developing countries whose economy depends on the oil sector in a large proportion, about 95% of total public revenues and two-thirds of exports. Therefore, any fluctuation in oil prices will expose the economy to crises and slowdown in performance; in addition to that, Iraq has not been able to build a well-developed financial system able to face crises and economic shocks. Public finance in the Iraqi economy suffers from many problems and great challenges, including the increase in the deficit in the public budget and the increase in the volume of public debt. The only one to achieve sustainable economic growth. In light of the above, this research focused on the financial aspect by studying public revenues in Iraq and their impact on economic growth. Spending and meeting its financial obligations and achieving sustainable economic growth.

Iraq depends in the formation of most of its government revenues on the revenues of the oil sector, so the Iraqi economy is a rentier economy, which is greatly affected by the changes that occur in the global crude oil markets, which made it a display of fluctuations as a result of the instability of crude oil prices, which led to the occurrence of structural imbalances in This economy, where the government has sought to prepare a set of national development plans, including the five-year development plan aimed at expanding the productive sectors through investment in the agricultural and industrial sectors and the development of means of production and export industries to find a new source of national income. But this plan did not succeed because of reliance on development plans in some countries and not drawn from their local experiences. In addition, the Iraqi economy was exposed to a set of political conditions and the region’s political instability, and the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war in 1980 and the depletion of most of its economic resources, Followed by the war to liberate Kuwait in 1991.
The United Nations imposed an economic blockade on Iraq and prevented it from exporting crude oil, which led to its dependence on the new cash issue to rebuild the infrastructure destroyed by the coalition armies, which increased the hyperinflation situation in Iraq and reduced the price of the Iraqi dinar. As for foreign currencies, especially the US dollar, Then followed the War of liberating Kuwait and the change of the regime in Iraq in (2003) and the dissolution of the military system and the dismissal of a large number of its employees and thus led to an increase in unemployment rates and a deterioration of the economic situation due to an increase in financial and administrative corruption.
Iraq has become coveted by many countries and the spread of terrorist groups as a result of the political imbalance by the leaders of the parties led to the occupation of some of the provinces by these terrorist groups.
At the end of the year (2017) the Iraqi forces proceeded to expel these synagogues and actually succeeded in expelling them, but it bears great material and human losses, which made Iraq live in a state of imbalance that was reflected on its government revenues and consequently the decline in GDP, which was largely reflected in the instability of indicators of financial discipline in Iraq during the research period.

The research aims to analyze the reality of Iraqi banks using the applications of economic intelligence in order to achieve a competitive ability as an economic institution, giving the concept, importance, characteristics, types and stages of economic intelligence in addition to the concept of competitiveness and its relationship to economic institutions and its application to banks, the research sample. The researcher used the deductive approach and analytical method to form The project of economic intelligence and competitive advantage for institutions based on Arab and local models, and the researcher reached a set of conclusions, including Al-Mansour Bank’s endeavor to invest in achieving greater competitiveness than the Iraqi Credit Bank because of the facilities provided by the bank to its customers in addition to the development of technological means and electronic services provided by The bank and its reliance on global experiences, and the researcher reached a set of recommendations, among which it is necessary that the managers of the banking institutions, the sample of the study, be characterized by realism and efficiency that enable them to Controlling the institution on the one hand and delegating powers to their assistants to give themselves more time to plan, organize, anticipate and rely on practical and scientific experiences in the light of competitive markets, in addition to enhancing the strategic performance of competition depends on the institution’s ability to implement the chosen competitive strategy in terms of arousing the interest of customers in their distinction of the institution’s products from others of other products to achieve its goals.

The problem that is facing the Iraqi economy is its dependence mainly on oil revenues to finance its general budget, as these revenues were characterized by fluctuations due to fluctuations in international oil prices, and the increase in the contribution of oil production to the gross domestic product is reflected in the decline in the contribution of other economic sectors ( non-oil) in the gross domestic product, which made the Iraqi economy a rentier economy. The research aims to know the concept and types of oil rents and the reasons for the emergence of the oil economy, and to try to find possible solutions to confront dependence on oil rents by working to diversify the structure of the Iraqi economy. The research reached a number of conclusions, including the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between oil rents and the structure of the general budget, according to the border test for joint integration. Therefore, it is necessary to control and rationalize public spending and expand other (non-oil) revenues such as taxes, for example, to reduce the dependence of the general budget on oil revenues, and thus improve the budget structure. The state should benefit from foreign investment in order to enhance the strength of the economy and activate the role of national investment in a way that contributes to raising national competencies and expertise in the oil field.

As a result of the technological developments in the present time, the need to apply Lean Six Sigma
the approach has become an urgent need in industries, especially in developing and industrially developed countries, because the role of six sigma lean is to reduce quality costs. The modern approach to quality management focuses on improving the quality of products and processes in a way that leads to producing intact and flawless products. Thus, quality, along with cost, is one of the most important factors of success at the moment, as failure in quality will lead to additional costs for enterprises as a result of poor quality in their products, which negatively affects consumer satisfaction. Six-Sigma has been critical over the past two decades for its outstanding successes in many production and service companies, through the application of Lean Six-Sigma, where it contributes to improving product quality and significantly reducing quality deviations.

The aim of this research is to qualify the ability of financial analysis indicators to improve the quality of financial reports for a sample of private banks listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange. Adequacy of capital, investment of funds indicator, indebtedness indicator, profit quality indicator and studying the impact of the outputs of these ratios on improving the quality of financial reports. Two types of statistical methods have been used. The first is descriptive statistics represented by finding the values of general statistics such as the arithmetic mean and standard deviation that give a clear picture of The nature of the data and its characteristics, and the other type is the analytical statistics represented in the analysis of correlation relationships and impact relationships between variables, where simple linear regression was used, and the statistical program Spssvr.24 was used in order to extract results from the data. It seeks to enhance decisions by assisting the decision maker to reach the reality of the financial situation of the economic unit and the absence of an impact of financial analysis using As long as financial indicators improve the quality of financial reports

In this study, the issue of financial and administrative corruption in Iraq was presented. Current study aimed to show the extent of the contribution of external oversight bodies, which was represented in the study by the Federal Office of Financial Supervision in Iraq. The questionnaire was distributed to achieve the purposes of the study, and the number of the final sample valid for analysis was (114) of auditors working in the Office of Financial Supervision in Iraq. The study reached many results that explain the contribution of this supervisory body to curbing the methods of financial and administrative corruption in Iraqi public institutions and companies. The need to punish the corrupt.

According to this study customer knowledge management has a significant impact in success of a company (customer knowledge, knowledge about customer, and knowledge from customer) in reducing gap Marketing with its dimensions (supply and demand), Because of this, this study seeks to solve a real-world marketing challenge that arises when workers of Asiacell Communication Services Company interact with their agents.. Forms valid for analysis (454), that is, with a response rate of (90.8%), and they were analyzed using advanced statistical program (SPSS.V.26 & AMOS.V.25), and current study is a pioneer in its variables, as it deals with important variables that will It highlights how to improve customer knowledge management Bridging marketing gap, and study summarized a set of conclusions, most prominent of which is that dimensions of customer knowledge management with its dimensions (customer knowledge, knowledge about customer, and knowledge from customer) positively affect bridging marketing gap (supply and demand).(10 Italic)

The research aims to understand the concept of tax, and familiarity with the tax accounting system, its elements, and procedures, and clarifying the significant role of developing tax accounting methods in increasing the tax resource. The tax accounting system used and applied in the tax administration is the prime structure and the main stone for imposing and collecting tax. As the correctness of the accounting procedures and processes carried out by the taxpayer and the extent to which his data represent the reality of the financial position and the quality of his tax inputs and the absence of a case of tax non-compliance with taxpayers depends. As a result of the importance of this system, it is necessary to work on developing its methods and methods, because any system is not free from shortcomings in some aspects, and therefore the research aims to identify the concept of tax and to identify the tax accounting system, its mechanisms and procedures, and to clarify the great role of developing methods of tax accounting In increasing tax receipts.
The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the tax accounting procedures followed by the General Tax Authority still suffer from a lack of development in its own methods of accounting, especially with regard to the assessment and collection of tax from taxpayers. As it currently relies on the classical methods of tax accounting with the prolongation of time for the taxpayer and the small number of transactions completed by the assessor, and in light of the above conclusions.
In addition, the research reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which is the need for the tax authority to adopt modern means and methods when Conducting the tax accounting process with the taxpayers to ensure the speed of completion and accuracy of the calculation and raise the efficiency of the work of the tax administration.

The research aims to identify the content of some of the proposed factors of (fama & French) represented by the size of the company and the model of the market value of the book value and the extent of their impact on the return of the investment portfolio for a sample of banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange and to understand the possibility of improvement in the performance of the financial market on investment in the portfolio Investment, and the research community was represented by the banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, while the research sample was represented by (4) banks listed on the Iraq Financial Market for the period (2016-2014) for a period of three years, and for testing and analyzing research hypotheses, statistical methods represented by the correlation coefficient and coefficient Simple linear regression and through the SPSS V.20 statistical program, as the researchers concluded that there is no statistically significant effect of the research model on the return of the investment portfolio , while the researchers recommended that more studies be carried out using the (fama & French) model and on various investment sectors and the need to Investors reconsider their investment method.

The study objective to clarify the most important factors that lead to financial default and determine how to predict financial default, as well as making a comparison between the quantitative methods represented by the method of discriminant analysis and the method of logistic regression to know the work of each model in forecasting under the influence of the different characteristics and characteristics of the data used. The study population and sample consist of all the ongoing financial investment companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange from (1/1/2005 to 31/12/2019) (4) investment companies. To test the hypotheses of the study, the (spss, excel) programs was used to build functions to predict financial failure and extract results. The study resulted in several conclusions, the most important of which are: The results of the logistic analysis showed that they matched the actual situation of all the studied investment companies and that the prediction error was implicitly stated, “that is, the model error in the prediction was in the years of study for some banks and investment companies. Either the condition of the bank or the company as a whole was identical with In light of these conclusions, a set of recommendations was reached, the most important of which are: After the positive results shown by the method of logistic analysis, we suggest that investment companies use it and adapt the conditions of its work to suit the work of banks and investment companies in Iraq.

The research aims to maximize the return on the investment portfolio and reduce the risk and verify the ability of the genetic algorithm to build the portfolio in the Iraqi stock exchange for a sample of listed companies based on the monthly closing prices for five years (1/1/2015-31/12/2019). The research community represented the companies listed in the Iraqi stock exchange, as the sample amounted to eight companies listed the Iraqi stock exchange, "the researchers concluded that the genetic algorithm can deal with a large number of financial data entered does not contain any restrictions regarding the number of assets." “The ability of the genetic algorithm to achieve a trade-off between return and risk,” “the results showed that the portfolio that was built through the application of the genetic algorithm achieves less risk than the risk of the investment portfolio that was built in the usual way,” “while the researcher recommended taking advantage of this research, what it offers is the existence of a new mechanism in dealing with stocks and building investment portfolios in the Iraqi stock exchange, and following modern scientific methods and methods when building investment portfolios.

This research came to explain the impact of some fiscal policy variables represented by public expenditures and public revenues on the performance of the indicators of the Iraqi market for securities, and the extent of the relationship between them. The financial market, and the research shows the extent to which the policy affects the market, and this change varies depending on the level of economic and social development of the country. The researcher found the weak contribution of taxes to state revenues because Iraq depends primarily on oil exports, and some recommendations were suggested, including that the government should pay attention to investment expenditures by increasing its percentage of revenues, and a policy of transparency must be followed in the financial market and the use of modern methods to provide data to all investors in market.

This research aims to measure the impact of GDP in Iraq on the performance of the Iraqi Stock Exchange for the period (2007-2018).The research addressed the theoretical concepts associated with both GDP and stock market indicators. And to achieve the research objectives the hypotheses were formulated and tested by statistical means, to measure the impact of GDP in Iraq on the performance of the Iraqi stock market. By using the analytical method, as well as the use of the statistical program (SPSS 26).whereas the method of simple regression was used to measure the independent variable represented by GDP on the variables of (market value, the volume of trading, number of shares, share turnover), the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the absence of an expulsion relationship between GDP and some indicators of the performance of the Iraqi stock
market During the study period, the research concluded with a series of recommendations, the most important of which are promoting Iraqi economic growth, developing the Iraqi stock market, introducing modern technology into the Iraqi financial market, creating programs to attract investors in the Iraqi financial market, and increasing the cultural awareness of the investor.

The research aims to indicate the importance of each of them in achieving the stability of the Iraqi banking sector, as well as measuring the impact of public revenues on the banking stability indicators represented by (capital adequacy, asset quality, profitability, exchange rate risk, liquidity) during the period (-2010 (2018). Using the standard analysis method to show the impact of public revenues on the indicators of Iraqi banking stability during the research period, through the use of the SPSS 23 program. The researchers concluded that there is a significant effect between public revenues and the indicators (capital adequacy and profitability), as well as the absence of a significant effect between revenues The public revenues have a relationship with the indicators of banking stability, but they have no effect on some of the above indicators for several reasons, including the lack of their role in creating a real sector suitable for banking. The researchers recommended diversifying the Iraqi economy, which depends on the time The current and during the research period (2010-2018) on the oil resource, i.e. creating a production base that all economic sectors contribute to the formation of the gross domestic product and ultimately constitute revenue-generating sources for the global budget nation to avoid the shocks that the current financial policy that depends on the oil resource leaves on the economy, especially the banking sector.

This article aims to estimate the survival function of patients infected with Covid-19 virus in Al-Diwaniyah city by using a new proposed formula for the New Two Parameters Lindley Distribution (NTPLD), which is one of the important continuous probability distributions that has two positive parameters( a > 0, b > 0), where the real data were fitted using Chi-Square statistics using Matlab program and the new NTPLD distribution was compared with some other distributions such as TPLD1, TPLD2 and Frechet distribution , we conclude that the new proposed Lindley distribution achieved the lowest criteria (-2LnL, AIC , AICc BIC HQIC) compared with the other distributions , which indicates that the new proposed distribution of the real data is more appropriates than the other distributions. Then, we estimated the survival function of the NTPLD distribution using two methods of estimation, the MLE method and the Bayes method. It was concluded that the MLE method is the best in estimating the reliability function (the survival function) for the new proposed NTPLD distribution.

The mater of determine the effective covariates in a binary regression model has got much attention via last year's, Bayesian variables selection approach using nonlocal priors have become more popular. It has a good properties for achieving variables selection and coefficients estimation . In this paper a new Bayesian approach for simplified shotgun stochastic search with screening has been proposed in binary quantile regression . Our model is depend on the inverse Laplace prior distributions for the binary quantile regression parameters. We compared our proposed model with other methods in same filed via simulation approach and real dataset . Our proposed model has accurate to performing comparison with other methods in estimating coefficient and selecting active variables .

The SDR (sufficient dimension reduction) is one of the important topics in many scientific fields. It has attracted attention of researchers because it is considered a beneficial approach to address the problem of the high dimension HD that has emerged due to the explosion of large data in the last decades. Under SDR framework settings, many procedures are proposed to combine the ideas of SDR methods and regularization approaches. In this paper, we present some of these methods, the SMAVE-EN (sparse MAVE - elastic net), RSMAVE (robust sparse MAVE) and RSMAVE-EN (robust sparse MAVE - elastic net). Also, the diabetic data are analyzed through the mentioned methods.

This paper interested in studying the problem of the numerical solution for the stochastic delay differential equations (SDDE), we conducted few simulation scenarios based on the ordinary Black-Scholes process, and delay Black- Scholes process. It is well known that the finding of explicit solution of an SDDE is very hard to obtain, therefore, strong Euler-Maryama numerical method provided to find the approximation solution for the SDDE. The simulation examples results displayed by the pathways of the approximation solution for the s(t) process under different values of the process par for parameters, also we sketched the histogram of the s(t) that provides the log normal distribution of the solution values. Furthermore, we obtained some important statistics that described the approximation solution.

This study focus to building a regression model without economic problems, the our model is focus on studying the time period for obtaining a degree of Ijtihad in religious sciences. The results showed through the variables involved in building The model under study, we find that there is a very large correlation between the explanatory variables, and thus this interference leads to the emergence of high correlations between the explanatory variables, and therefore the model will have a weak predictive efficiency, due to the exaggeration of the variance of the estimated parameters, and to overcome this problem a model was employed Regression Principal Components ..

Logistic regression for binary response variable is often used many fields of study for instance clinical applications humanitarian and social issues. In this paper, Bayesian estimation approach is introduce to estimate the unknown link function and the coefficient vector in the semiparametric logistic regression. The normal distribution prior was considered to the coefficient vector and Gaussian process prior was set for the unknown link function. Bayesian hierarchical model was developed for the single index logistic regression model. MCMC algorithm was adopted for posterior inference. To compare our proposed method BSLR with the existing methods real data and two simulation examples are considered. We have conclude that our proposed method do well.

The least Absolute Deviation estimator has a high breakdown point probably reach 50%, so it provides a good alternative to the LS estimator when vertical outliers are present in the data set. However, It may lose this feature when the design matrix x is having at least one leverage point. Many authors have been efforts in the literature to assign a down weight to leverage point and suggested the weighted LAD regression which is denoted as WLAD for increasing the breakdown point of LAD. Most weighted functions that are discussed in the literature are based on robust Mahalanobis distance which is a familiar approach to identifying leverage points. Unfortunately, this robust distance could be affected in appearing high leverage points or when the masking and swamping phenomena have happened. Consequently, robust Mahalanobis distance may not detect all leverage points, and then WLAD would be a non-robust method, and its estimator surely will break down. In this paper, we proposed improving Mahalanobis’s distance based on weighted fast and consistent high breakdown estimator location and scale matrix, which may make WLAD is more robust than the previous ones. The simulation studies have been done and the results of our proposed UWLAD is compared with AWLAD and GWLAD methods which well-known in the literature. The result shows that the performance of the UWLAD method is more efficient and reliable than others.

Bayesian elastic net and classical elastic net are regularization methods that provide variable selection procedure. We discuss the Bayesian elastic net by setting the scale mixture of normal distribution mixing with Rayleigh distribution as double exponential (Laplace) prior distribution of regression coefficient. The new proposed scale mixture produced normal distribution mixing with truncated gamma distribution. The hierarchical prior distributions and new Gibbs sample algorithm have developed. Therefore, variable selection have discussed through some simulation examples. The simulation results show the outperformance of the proposed model.

With the advance of technology, the collection and storage of data have become routine. Huge amounts of data are increasingly produced from biology, meteorology, psychology, chemistry, and economics experiments. As technology progresses, these high-dimension problems are becoming more and more common. The "large p, small n" problem, in which there are more variables than samples, is currently a challenge that many statisticians face especially when it becomes multiresponse. Many researchers have resorted to using the sparse regression of the response variable in the multivariate case. A sparse matrix is defined as a matrix with the majority of its members equal to zero. A sparse matrix's zero entries reduced the number of parameters that may be interpreted. In this paper, we focus on the comparison between the four method: SiER, SRRR, remMap, SPLS in the selection of variables that affect the hormones that cause for the data of a group of patients with thyroid disorders. Software implementing the method is publicly available in the R package sparse-reg.