Mesopotamia Environmental Journal

In this study, the biofilm formation, virulence factors and phylogenetic Groups of 42E. coli isolates isolated from patients with UTI were determined. It was revealed that (16.7%) of the isolates were α-hemolytic, (21.4%) were β-hemolytic while , (61.9%) were γ-hemolytic.Additionally, the percentage of biofilm formation was 50% for both weak and moderate biofilm formation. The results of molecular detection of virulence gene revealed that afagene was found in (21.21%), kpsgene was found in (84.84%), pap gene was found in (6.06%) and sfagene in (60.60%) of multi drug resistance isolates. The phylogenetic group genes (chuA, yjaA, and TspE4.C2) were found in multi-drug resistance isolates in percentages (72.72%,87.87% and 72.72%) respectively. Most isolates were included under the phylogeny group B2 (69.7%) of all multi drug resistance E. coli isolates while the percentages of the rest of the groups were A (21.21%), B1 (6.06%) and D (3.03%) of multi drug resistance isolates.

The study aimed to use AgNps (green synthesis) in inhibition growth of Candida spp In this study 95 samples were collected from saliva patients samples were positive (32 for the presence of fungal elements. Yeasts that isolated were included Candida parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C.Krusie. While the filamentous fungi included Aspergillusniger, Penicilliumchrysogenum, Geotrichumcandidium Antifungal activity of AgNps revealed that each species of Candida had been affected more than others, as follow C. glabrata was highest inhibition in diameter (35 mm) at the concentration of 10 %, while the C.albicans was (34 mm), C. Parapsilosis (mm)and C. krusie growth (15 mm).

Iraq one of the most Middle East countries confronts to climate change, where it faced manyenvironmental challenges the most important of high temperatures above the rate of the natural. TheMethane (CH4) gas work on the absorption of part of the heat inside the atmosphere and prevent theleakage into space and this leads to increase temperature of the air and knows this phenomenon ofglobal warming. The aim of this research is to study the effect of CH4 to increase their concentration inthe atmosphere of temperature variation. Where the data was taken from satellites recorded by theEuropean Centre for medium range weather forecasts (ECMWF). This study choice Iraq and neighborregions from latitude 27 to 37 ºN and longitude from 39 to 50 ºE for years (2003-2016), where westudied the behavior of CH4 gas concentration and its relationship with air temperature variation. Theresult by using correlation coefficient between CH4 and temperature it found that the relationship washigh positive in the all stations of study, where in Baghdad (Iraq) +0.5,and in Mosul (Iraq) +0.4 andalso in Sulamanyah station (Iraq) be +0.5 ,and positive relationship in southern stations of Iraq, as forneighboring regions also be positive were in Batman (Turkey) +0.5, and Amman (Jordan) +0.4 also inAleppo(Syria) +0.4 ,and in Jubail (KSA) correlation coefficient +0.6, and in Ahwaz (Iran) be +0.4

According to Statistical analysis of daily rainfall values (2007_2016) for the study areas(Baghdad, Karbala, Al-Hay, Mosul, Kirkuk, Khanaqin,Basra, Nasiriya, Diwaniya, and Rutba) couldbeen concluded that the 40% of rainfall very variation and 30% were moderately variable theremaining 30% had little variation, The most variation in (Baghdad, Diwaniyah, Nasiriyah andKarbala) with CV (50) within the study period. The spatial and temporal variation of rain is one of the reasons that the measured rainfall datafrom surface stations cannot be directly used in forecasting weather models, they do not give goodvalues for prediction. Therefore, Curve fitting is a good way to convert this data to data calculated froma statistical model without changing the actual value and can use as inputs data in the models ofprediction. In this study, more than one function testing and found the best is) waveform-sin 4parameter) the set data of this function used was used in the prediction model SDSM and gave verygood results.

The recorded two species Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus the first recorded inNovember /2018,the study of period from January to December /2018 ,the consider two species fromexotic cichlid ,were collected by seine nete of total length 100m and 1.5 m depth with 20 and 25 mmmesh size. The Salinity and Ph 39.7ppt ,6.15 respectively. The specimens ranged from 14 -20 cm totallength and from 40gm to200g in weight was measured meristic and morphometric characters withspecimens. the different of two species in lateral line O.niloticus 15-23 and O.aureus 14-21, Gillrakers 31,19 respectively.

The estimation of vibration and clamor level of shift machines at any concrete organization causes the administration to watch the variety of vibration and commotionlevels for each machine during the activity time frame. It encourages them to show inobserving the machine and offers an admonition before the reprieve – down happens. Twoconcrete organizations were considered, the first is situated at Najaf city (Iraq), which iscalled Najaf concrete manufacturing plant, while the other is found in Kofa city, and iscalled Kofa concrete factory. Three stations were picked in every industrial facility (crudematerials granulating plants, concrete crushing factories, and fumes fan stations) havingdiverse electrical engine limits, sound level meter PCE-428-EKIT were utilized forestimations. The area of bearing was picked for vibration estimation, while the area of theadministrator for commotion estimation was picked. A significant level of vibration wasfound by the assessment standard of vibration size and higher than 85 dB for clamor level due to turning to unbalance, misalignment, and the broken machine.

The halophytes Cressa cretica and Capparis spinosawere collected from two sitesdiffered in their soil salinity within Babylon Province, Iraq. Both TAO & SOD andtheanatomical changes of leaves were studied to understand the ability of each speciesto tolerant soil salinity. Results showed that Capparis spinosaincreased bothTAO &SOD, whileCressa creticaincreased SOD in high concentrations only. Salinityinduced increase of xylem and phloem in C. cretica and the succulence of epidermalcells, while it don’t formed a significant anatomical variations in leaves of C. spinosa.