Academic Science Journal

Samples of leaves from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Ziziphus spina-christi were collected
from the roadsides of Baqubah city in order to assess the concentrations of Cu and Zn in the
leaves of these plants. The results of this study showed that the concentrations of copper in all
samples of leaves of the studied plants grown on the roadsides of Baqubah city were high and
showed many differences, depending on the location, ranging between 21.62 and 74.62 ppm in
the leaves of E. camaldulensis and between 21.25 and 54.49 ppm in the leaves of Z. spina
christi. The concentrations of Zn in E. camaldulensis leaves ranged between 6.72 - 24.60 ppm
and between 18.31 - 33.47 ppm in leaves of Z. spina-christi. The study showed the ability of
leaves of E. camaldulensis to accumulate Cu and more effectively than Z. spina-christi leaves,
and there was no accumulation of Zn in both types of plants due to its limited sources.

In this study the effect of antimony trioxide nano powders (Sb2O3) with weight percentages of
(2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt%) on some properties of epoxy resin was studied. The nanocomposites are
fabricated by hand lay-up method. Some tests are performed such as: hardness, impact strength,
thermal conductivity, water absorption, polarization light microscope and thermal stability. It
is observed that mechanical, thermal and physical properties of epoxy nanocomposite are
modified compared to neat epoxy and found that best weight percentage is (10% Sb2O3). The
values of hardness, impact strength, thermal conductivity and thermal stability increase ((75.21
79.02), (7.2823-19.0407 KJ/m2), (0.37957- 0.55438 Wº.C-1.m-1) and (17.75- 44% at 500 ºC)),
respectively, while the values of weight gain and diffusion coefficient decrease ((0.3533-0.3091
at 10 weeks) and ((2.482985783-1.577478842) ×10-3 m2/sec)) with the increase of the
reinforcement percentage. The hand lay-up method is homogeneous and the surfaces of samples
are coherent according to polarization light microscope images

In this study the seismic recordings of the recorded events by the installed seismometers in the
close proximity to the Derbendikhan dam were analyzed. High resolution data logger
instruments were recorded hundreds of earthquakes during February to November 2014.
Twenty earthquakes were used for further processing that covered the studied area and
surroundings. The analysis of the arrival times and amplitudes of the body waves from different
azimuths within optimal range of frequencies from (3 to 750 Hz) had been performed. The
waveforms were utilized in determining the various source parameters including location, focal
depth and magnitude. Epicentral map was drawn which depicts the epicentral distances of the
events from the source. The estimated crustal structure below the studied area reveals that the
seismic activities were occurred in the upper part of the crust depths less than (18 km). The
magnitude values of the detected earthquakes striking the area were between (2.2 to 5.5).
Furthermore, the seismic activities of the study area were possibly associated with the relative
movements of the active tectonic plate boundaries as well as due to the increasing and
decreasing of the water level of the reservoir. The resulted average values for the P-wave and
S-wave velocities were (7.45 km/sec) and (3. 39 km/sec) respectively.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of alkaloids extracted from Equisetum arvense on the
proliferation of lymphocytes, breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and mice embryo fibroblast normal
cell line (MEF) by exposing them for different concentrations for a period of 24 hours. The
results showed that in the absence of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), the alkaloid extract did not
stimulate the division of human lymphocytes at all concentrations used. In contrast in the
presence of PHA, the alkaloid extract decreased the division of human lymphocytes at all
concentrations used. This decrease was significant compared with the control group, which
gave a division ratio of 4.20%. The effect of alkaloid extract on the growth of MCF7 cancer
cell line demonstrated that the lowest inhibition rate 20.07% was at the concentration 15.1
µg\ml, and the higher inhibition rate was 64.1% at the concentration 500 µg\ml. While in the
MEF normal cell line, the higher inhibition rate was 11.3% at the concentration 500 µg\ml. In
conclusion, this study showed that the alkaloid extract of E. arvense plant affects the growth of
MCF7 cancer cell line and have a lower effect on the growth of lymphocytes and MEF normal
cell line at high concentrations, making this plant promising candidate for the treatment of
cancer but this needs more studies to prove that.

In recent years, chaos-based encryption approaches introduced numerous advantages over the
classic approaches like the extensive levels of security, complexity and speed. In this research,
a safer algorithm is designed to generate keys using chaos theory and a new primitive table and
primitive initial key and less time processing. This resulting key was used in AES (Advanced
Encryption Standard) algorithm. First, perform many operations based on digits produced from
chaos equations to produce 2048 bits. Second, this primitive initial key takes results from chaos
theory to produce 64 symbols (512 bits) that obtains suitable key for randomness and
complexity and apply primitive table on the result come from initial key to produce another 512
bits and worked XOR operation between the result of initial key and primitive table to produce
another 512 bits and merge the results of this steps to get key of 3584 bits. The results of the
experimentations indicated that the suggested method for key generation has the advantage of
large key space with a safety protection against the brute force attacks. Thus, the results showed
a high level of security for encryption on the basis of strong secret key features.

The Shot is often used as a basic meaningful unit for analysing, summarization and indexing
video. In this paper, an effective algorithm is proposed to detect abrupt and gradual shot
boundary automatically. The proposed algorithm consists of three main phases: fade in/out
detector, abrupt detector, and gradual detector. Fade in/out detector is handled in the first step
of the proposed algorithm using Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER) descriptors to
avoid misdiagnosis caused by black frame. Second, abrupt transitions are detected by analysis
of gist features similarity and adaptive local threshold. Lastly, gradual transitions are found out
between neighbouring abrupt using gist features as introductory detection of the gradual shot
while the color histogram features are employed for finishing detection to reduce the false
detection. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm provides 0.981 F-measure,
0.977 precision and 0.986 recall rates for selected testing videos. The performance of the
proposed algorithm is satisfactory for detecting different models of transitions under motion
effects and camera operations

The lithology of Shiranish Formation in Shaqlawa area is composed of grey- yellow, marl and
marly limestone. The lower contact with Bekhma Formation is unconformable surface as
indicated by the physical features such as the traces of the biological activities while the upper
contact with the Kolosh Formation is recognized by the changing in lithology and also consider
as unconformable. The microfacies of Shiranish Formation composited of four facies:
Globigerinelloides planktonic foraminiferal lime mudstone microfacies (Sh1), lime mudstone
microfacies (Sh2), Globotruncana planktonic foraminiferal lime wackestone microfacies (Sh3),
Globogerina planktonic foraminiferal lime packstone microfacies (Sh4). Many diagenetic
processes have been detected such as cementation, dissolution, dolomitization, neomorphism
and composition of authigenic minerals, pyrite, glauconite and iron oxides. The environments
of the formation recognize as lower, middle and upper bathyal environments which represented
deep marine basin.

This study included 100 clinical samples collected as following: 33, 27, 15, 14 and 11 samples
from patients with otitis media, burn infections, urinary tract infections, wound infections, and
bacteremia, respectively, during the period from September to December, 2014. Seventy-five
Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified. To determine the genetic relatedness of
different isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been typed using Enterobacterial Repetitive
Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) and dendrogram analysis. Results showed that there
was a genetic relatedness among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in 19 clones, while 8
isolates contained different genotyping. In conclusion. The results inducted that ERIC-PCR is
a practical, useful and easy method for typing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.

Fertilization simply is about upstream of kinases and protein interactions, so the justified
bioinformatics tools were used to understand and analyze the interactions between proteins
during fertilization progress, that’s would help a lot in this research to understand the protein
protein interaction. The whole mark of the experiment at hand is to reveal bioinformatics data
related to PLC gamma and utilize the collected data to understand the concept of fertilization.
The bioinformatics tools were performed to generate a useful biological knowledge.

In this research of some new pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized by reaction of dimethyl
malonate with different aldehydes (Cinnamaldehyde, Vanilline, Naphthaldehyde or Furfural)
and urea, Thiourea or Thiosemicarbazide in three-component Biginelli reaction with good yield
and signed as (A1-A10). These compounds were synthesized via microwave irradiation by
using modified domestic microwave oven. Some of the newly synthesized compounds
exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity. The structure of the synthesized compounds
were confirmed by physical and spectra 13C/1H-NMR and FTIR.