Jornal of Al-Muthanna for Agricultural Sciences

A field experiment was carried out at the Second Agricultural Research Station of the Faculty of Agriculture / Al-Muthanna University, located on the Euphrates River in Al-Bandar village, southwest of Al-Muthanna Governorate (800 m away from Samawah City Center / Muthanna Governorate) during the 2016-2017 winter season. Mixtures of forages. Medicago sativa L with a fixed seed quantity 40 kg ha-1 with Triticosecal wheat each with 160 kg ha-1 seed yield, for three levels of NPK (60, 100 and 140) kg ha-1 and their overlap in growth, feed yield and four cuttings. The experiment was applied in fractional heiqht splitting design according to RCBD and three replicates. The results showed significant superiority of the treatment (alfalfa singl) higher by giving it the highest average of highe49.50 cm and number of branches 2092 branches and leaf area 44.50 m2 plants-1. The treatmeant (alfalfa + tritical) was superiority of dry fodder yield (23.43) tons ha-1 .As for fertilizer, it was significantly higher than 140 kg ha-1 of dry feed yield (23.06) tons ha-1 .In the interaction between the study agents, feed mixtures and fertilizer NPK, a variation was observed between the combinations within the mixture. The combination of alfalfa + tritical and the level of compost 140 kg ha-1 in some characteristics of the quantitative and qualitative yield of the foliar mixture were recorded by recording the highest dry feed during the third tranche And 26.87 tons ha-1) .

This study was carried out during the period 25/1/2017 to 20/3/ at AL-Sader Teaching Hospital in Najaf 2018, to investigate the effects of the relationship between the leptin hormone and infertile men, leptin hormone and two hormone (insulin and testosterone ) and some demographic factors as age, weight, height and body mass index on leptin hormone. Fifty blood samples from infertile men and forty blood samples from fertile men were classified in to three aging groups ranged (20-35),(36-45) and (46-55) years ,the values of hormones (leptin ,insulin and testosterone) were examined to find out the correlation between hormone with each other and with infertile men. Significant differences were detected between (p≤0.05) in insulin and leptin levels. Besides significant reductions at (p≤0.05) in testosterone levels confined to age groups (20-35) and (36-45) in infertile men, as compared to fertile men. The result also revealed a positive relationship (p≤0.05) between the body mass index and leptin hormone.

The research aimed at estimating the production function and the total cost function, as well as measuring the efficiency of resource use, technical, economic, price and cost efficiency. The study was based primarily on a simple random sample of (155) farmers in Baghdad governorate for the autumn season (2015-2016), The double logarithmic formula was the most suitable for the production function. The resource efficiency criteria indicated that potato farmers were efficient in using resources (seed, phosphate fertilizer, human labor) and were inefficient in using irrigation and pesticides. Cubic formula was more suitable for the total cost function according to the statistical, econometrical, and economical tests., The optimum size of production and size that maximize profit were 119.069, 143.398 ton, respectively. Technical, economic and price efficiencies were estimated at 34.25933, 34.25937, and 73.521{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, respectively. While the cost efficiency was estimated at (0.454), and the net farm income that achieved over all the sample less about (10380.741) thousand dinars than that achieved at optimal size.

A field experiment was conducted in Al-Muthanna Governorate to studied influence of different levels of phosphorus three rate (0,50,100) kg P h-1 and three Payments of application (once , twice ,and three parts) on phosphorus released in the soil solution . The order first equation was used to explanation of the results. The result was showed phosphorus released was decreased with time in creased so the best result was 19.71 mgP kg-1 at P2T2 treatment at 5 and 150 minutes(0.73mgkg-1).

Factoriai Treatment2×2 consisting of dietery aflatoxine B1(3,0µg/gm) and ochratoxine-A(5,0µg/gm) were used to evaluate the individual and combined effect of these treatment on male broiler chicken (ISA type) performance. Chickens maintained on these treatments from 1-21 days of age. Aflatoxine B1 and ochratoxine-A, significantly decreased body weight, growth rate, serum protein, albumin and cholesterol. Aflatoxisis was characterized by changes in Red blood cells counts, serum glucose and activity of serum transaminase enzyme. B1 aflatoxine and ochratoxine-A tended to decrease Mitotic index and increased chromosomal aberration in treatment, which was fed by aflatoxis rations. Combination of Aflatoxine B1 and ochratoine-A treatments increased t toxic severity of feed, as compared to applying them individually.

A field experiment was conducted in agricultural second research station, Agric. College, Al- Muthanna Univ., Iraq, during 2016 – 2017 growing season to determine the effect clover inoculation with bacterial, and different mixture ratios of oats Avena sativa L. (25{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, 50{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, 75{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and 100{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}) with amount of Trifolium alexandrinum L. seeds (40kg. h-1)] on growth, green forage yield, for five cutting. Bacterial inoculation treatment recorded the highest 5th cutting in plant nitrogen content 0.44{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, 4th cutting in branch numbers 2265 branch.m-2. Clover alone gave 0.97{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} in the 2nd cutting. Clover and Oats mixture treatment was superior over others in plant nitrogen contents 0.75{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, in 2nd cutting, The highest forage fresh and dry weights in 2nd cutting 80.30 and 10.73 ton ha-1, respectively, were confined to mixture treatment of 75{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} Otas + Clover. 50{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} Oats + Clover x bacteria inoculated mixture showed the highest plant nitrogen content0.66{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, in 4th cutting. Clover only x bacterial inoculation gave the highest yield of green forage in 4th cutting 99.70ton ha-1. 75{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} oats +Clover x bacterial inoculation revealed the highest dry yield weight in 4th cutting 12.17ton ha-1 .

The study was conducted at the laboratory, Dept. of animal production, Agric., College, AlMuthanna Univ. to investigated the morphological and histological changes between normal and cystic follicles in ovaries of local cows. 200 ovaries samples of cows at age of 1.5-9 years collected from the Diwaniya province slaughter. Ovaries were taken directly after slaughtering and then, classified to normal ovaries in size ≤ 2mm and abnormal (cystic) ovaries ≥ 2mm, which were divided according to the cysts to: Luteal and Follicular, the ovaries size dimensions were measured and the histological alterations in ovaries stroma were studied in two cyst types and compared in control group. Results showed that the evidence ratios of ovaries follicular and luteal cysts were (12.5 {8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and 9.5{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, respectively), while the luteal changes in cyst diameter and follicular wall thickness were larger than in another type (4.78±0.1mm , 5.53 ±0.24µm, respectively).The Histological results showed that granulosa layer in follicular cyst were thinner and smaller thickness as compared with another types, while the layers of internal and external theca in luteal cyst were thicker more than the other types. Swallowing in the granular cells of two cysts types were recorded. Disappearing of the basement membrane and rupture of follicular wall in some regions were obvious.

An experiment was carried out during 15/2/2017 to 1/5/2017, besides, 15 days as adaptation period, at the Animal house, Veterinary College, AL-Muthanna University, to evaluate the effect of three different sources of water in some hematological parameters of local male rabbits. Twelve healthy local male rabbits of 2.5-3 months’ age were selected for this trail. Rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, each of 4 rabbits, on body weight. First group RO [(Reverse osmosis water group) control, second group (Tap water group ) and third group (river water group)]. Significant increases (P<0.05) were found in RBC of G2(6.37±0.33) at wk8compared with G1(5.77± 0.26), G3 at wk8(7.03±0.24) and wk4(6.70±0.18) compared with G1 (5.78± 0.32), (5.77± 0.26) respectively. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in WBC count of the groups G1 (8.89± 0.49), G2(9.67±0.40), respectively, at wk8 compared with G3(6.41± 0.81), also, G1(10.30±0.27) was significantly increased (P<0.05) at wk4 compared with G3(5.91±1.26). Lymphocyte cells{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} was significantly increased (P<0.05) in G1(44.02 ± 0.82) at wk4, wk8 compared with G3(31.17± 2.61) and G2(42.75±1.52) respectively. Neutrophil cells {8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} was significantly increased (P<0.05) in G1 at wk0andwk8(53.70± 0.62) (52.87± 0.66),compared withG3(48.52±1.23), while G2 was significantly increased (P<0.05) at wk4 and wk8(51.92±2.16), (50.7±1.05) compared with G3(44.67± 1.68),(43.17± 1.21) .There was no significant difference in the Esinophiles and Monocytes between all groups of rabbits during the whole period of experiment while in monocytes G3 was significantly decreased (P<0.05) at wk4andwk8(4.63± 0.27),(4.34±0.36) compared with wk0(7.34±1.17). Basiophile cells{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} showed that there was significant increase (P<0.05) in G2 (1.34±0.14) at wk8 compared with G3 (0.67±0.13). In conclusion from this study that the quality and resources of water play an important role in some blood parameters of local male rabbits, subsequent impact in animal hygienic performance.

An agricultural experiment was carried out during the agricultural season 2016-2017, Aba99 wheat variety was planted at Al-Shattra site north of Al-Nassiryah city in Dhi-Qar province where different types of organic fertilizers produced from (Palme leaves, cane, Aljoulan, Alshamblan, maize, wheat hay) and urea fertilizer using in a complete randomized block design RCBD with three replications, studied traits were plant height, leaf area, spike length, brunches number, spike number/m2, grain number per spike, thousand grain weight, biological yield g/m, grain yield t/h and Protein content in grains, and correlation was studied between traits. Results Showed that thousand grain weight was significantly higher when using the organic fertilizer produced from palm leaves comparing to urea fertilizer, The treatment of organic manure produced from wheat straw was superior to the number of ears and the number of grains. spike -1 gave averages of (223.3 and 59.00) sequentially and recorded the second highest average grain yield compared with the rest of the transactions at (2.500) tons. The treatment of urea fertilizer, which surpassed all the transactions morally, and protein content in grains was significantly higher when using the organic fertilizer produced from wheat hay than using urea fertilizer. Results also Showed that correlation were significant between grain yield and protein content in grains (r =0.59**) and also between biological yield and grain yield (r = 0.78**)

The study was conducted at the Agric. research station, Agric. College, Al-Muthanna, during the 10/11/2015 to 10/2/2016. The objective of this study was to detect the type of birth (single and twin), baby sex, weaning (progressive and early) and the growth of Arabi lambs sheep. The results showed weight increases of 0.252 kg per day, where the single births exceeded the twin births (4.5 kg for single births) and 4.01 kg for twins. From birth up to weaning single births sustained superiority over twin in gained eight (32.03 kg per individual and 22.5 kg M for twins). The males exceeded females at birth weight (4,58 kg for males, 4.01 for females). In weaning, males maintained their superiority over females (30.10 kg for males and 28.8 kg for females), at p≤0,05 between all studied traits.