Kufa Journal of Arts

يعد الرز من أهم محاصيل الحبوب الصيفية في العراق، ويأتي بالدرجة الثانية من حيث الأهمية الغذائية بعد القمح .
ولأهمية الرز الغذائية والاقتصادية في العراق، ونظرا لكون محافظة النجف تأتي في مقدمة المحافظات العراقية في المساحة المزروعة وفي كمية الإنتاج، وما يمكن أن يؤدي إنتاجه الى تحقيق قدرا معقولا من الأمن الغذائي الذي أصبح اليوم الشغل الشاغل لكثير من الباحثين.
لقد اثر الباحثين دراسته من خلال البحث في أهم الخصائص المناخية المؤثرة في زراعة وانتاج الرز، والتعرف على مستويات إنتاجه على مستوى العراق، فضلا عن التوزيع الجغرافي لمناطق الإنتاج الرئيسة في المحافظة.

Scholastic Theology has suffered from a good deal of changes and challenges right from its outset. It has adopted the positive role of refuting the attempts which targeted Islamic identity, reality and principles. It confronted ruling currents and corrected a lot of widespread creeds and ideas .With the advent of time and along the changes which happened in the humanity history, new challenges emerged at the level of ideological creeds and value systems. Islam found itself facing a new pressing challenge which required stopping cherishing history and facing the actual reality instead. This study proposed ideas to face all new changes in accordance with new techniques which can cope with present through criticizing past and reviewing its stances. We reached some conclusions about the actual reality on scientific bases and in compliance with the western methodology in its challenge of religion in general and Islam in particular

Iraq is currently facing a serious food challenge, the features of which are the insufficiency of its food production to meet its needs for the main food commodities, especially grains, as it tends to import most of these needs from abroad, which constitutes a serious threat to its food security and thus its national security. The food security strategy still aims to provide food, the ability to obtain it, and use it.

Said Hasen Al-shirazy is one of the figures that had participated in the contemporary history of Iraq whether in the religious, social and political level, and had many contributions in the general life of Iraq
Said Hasen Al - shirazy had laid down the idea of the “authoriazed foqha movement haraket Al-fuqha wl- marajae“ within his political theory which refered to the marjea, staff and base, and it just like the known work of the cabinet.
Said hasen Al - shirazy cared for the muslims, affairs throughout al the Islamic world, the problems they faced and how to support them in their conflict. He worked hard to find mutual factors among the muslims that resulted in elevating their status.

هذا البحث تضمن موقف هابرماس من الحداثة وما بعدياتها التي تمثلت بما بعد الحداثة وما بعد الفلسفة وما بعد الفن. انطلق هابرماس من النظرية النقدية الجديدة لديه. بعد إن قراء الموقف الذي اتخذه فلاسفة مدرسة فرانكفورت (هوركهايمر وأدورنو وماركيوزه) من مرحلة الحداثة بكل جوانبها. وهو موقف ناقد عَده ُ هابرماس نقد غير منطقي بالمرة لأنه مبالغ فيه. لذلك وقف هابرماس مدافعاً عن الحداثة على الضد من موقف فلاسفة فرانكفورت السابقين. وتيار ما بعد الحداثة الذي مثله الفلاسفة الفرنسيين. الذين ينادون بتجاوز الحداثة إلى مرحلة ما بعد الحداثة.

This thesis,which is entitled the pollticaliy and scuratiy in the era of abu jeafar el mansur (136- 158) ,we explain the states of kufa during the period of the caliphate abu_jeafar el mansur.in the fifth one we discuss the alawyed movements in kufa failed in achaiving its gols.the assaults of ;raamets on kufa during this period are displayed in the therd section.

It is known that the increase in the wealth of these funds came as a result of the rise in oil prices, which led to significant increases in foreign currency reserves on the part of oil-exporting countries, especially the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council region.

The research aims at reveal the natural elements of AL - Najaf AL- Ashraf province
and the ways of invest them for tours Purposes and at put forward a plan for the touristic development in the province , as the developmental plans and political and economic studies pay a great deal of attention to rather natural aspect of tourism , neglecting the natural elements in the province that could be invested to develop this aspect .
The research deals with the natural features (land surface and its geomorphic aspects, climate, and soil kinds, water resources and vegetation), it also and refers to a developmental plan for touristic planning and define the aims of plan.
The research found natural elements that might be invested in tourism and via developmental plan to get the continuous development in AL- najaf AL - Ashraf province

Najaf is a city of historical and sacred religious, have a special status not only in Iraq, but in the Arab world and the Islamic world, and the city of such stature local, regional, and global excellence, was supposed to take its place in the real administrative structure of Iraq. Not be placed in the formation of a narrow and isolated management did not exceed the size of like "continued in the best of circumstances.
The administrative structure and narrow, isolated and placed the holy city of Najaf was not spontaneous, but there were underlying reasons behind the policies of the authorities of occupation and the British Mandate, and after that Iraqi governments, which ruled to put the city in the formation of administrative constraints prevent the achievement of communication between Najaf and tribal groupings around which to reduce the effects of spiritual, psychological, social, political, and persistence in the weakening economy.
The amendments also administrative subsequently held, although they were of a positive effect for the benefit of the citizen and the State Administration of both, but they were not to live up to the level of importance of the holy city of Najaf and sanctity.
The research on the official Iraqi documents is published the first place, and were processed within the following themes:
First: the administrative structure of Najaf Ashraf for the period 1864 – 1924
1. Administrative structure in the Ottoman Empire II.
2. Administrative structure during the period of British occupation.
3. Administrative structure after the establishment of national governance in 1921.

Second: The tight administrative structure of Najaf and the political activities of the clergy:
1. To address the Wahhabi attacks.
2. Opposition to the Iraqi-British treaty of 1922.
3. The opposition boycott of the Constituent Assembly elections.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and completed his prayer and purity for delivery upon the noblest of all creatures, which is chosen by God to his letter, Vsda reporting and the statement, and to his vanity in Miami, Elements of believers and the columns of the righteous. And pleasure on the companions Almentajabin evacuation, personnel guided the nobility, and scholars of the Muslim media, who spent efforts and the days in the dissemination of the law of master creatures.
There is no doubt that some provisions - to a joke in the style of presentation and the statement, or by virtue of the interest of the gradient in the provisions, or the wisdom of the return to the Prophet Muhammad h, and the following command right after him, d, or other interests charts, educational or political - was in its infancy, the then came to the public after a period of privatization through the Holy Book or the Sunnah. Including what is left of cousins. Vmbages General and Special Investigation great, to be the interpreter and a jurist of the know before you break into this dangerous area.

It is unquestionable to say that each city، whatever its size was، must provide service to its population and the population of the surrounding area (its region). these uses share the spatial area within the urban part of the city. it is rare to find a city that its lands are used for one purpose or for one function even those which are summer resorts، winter houses or universities، their main function resulted in further function hence the uses and function in the city. AI-Abbasiyah city، located in Kufa district – Najaf governorate، resembles the other Iraqi cities in terms of containing deferent uses of its land which is divided into main uses as residential، commercial and industrial and secondary as administrational and educational and the special land uses of transportation. Hence these uses form the internal structure of AI- Abbasiyah city .the research tried to show the geographic factors that help to found AI- Abbasiyah city .to throw lights on the urban land uses in this city then to evaluate these uses according to the planning standards that are represented by the individual quota .

المخططات الادراكية هي الروابط الموجودة ضمنيا في الذهن التي تفتح الطريق لتجارب ومعلومات جديدة لتضاف الى معارف سابقة. وعندما يقرا الفرد نصا فانه عادة ما يستخدم كل مستويات المخططات الادراكية وهي القابلية على فهم ما يتم ادراكه والمرور به كتجربة في هذا العالم.
ويبذل قراء الشعر عادة مزيدا من التروي تفوق ما يبذلونه في الانواع الاخرى من الخطاب ويتم الحصول على الترابط عندما يدرك القارئ الروابط ما بين المخططات الادراكية. وهذا الترابط هو العلاقة ما بين المميزات اللغوية والنصية في النص والتوقعات الذهنية للقارئ وكذلك المعلومات المخزونة حول ما يدور في العالم.
وتناقش هذه الورقة دور العلاقات المتبادلة للمخططات الادراكية للشعر وكذلك تأثير الخلفيات المختلفة للمخططات الادراكية والاختلافات بين القراء على تغييرها وتفسير المعنى